第3部分 阅读理解之七选五 模拟考场（Word练习）-【艺术生百日冲刺】2026高考英语艺术生基础生文化课成功方案

1 (2025·山东聊城一模) Have you ever paused to see clouds when you rush to your destination? There's a group of passionate “treasure finders” dedicated to observing and capturing the beauty in the sky cloud spotters. Cloud spotters take a more serious approach to make sense of the sky.__1__ Ji Yun，36，is an expert in cloud spotting.He set up a WeChat group to gather together people with similar hobbies in 2013.As the number of group members continued to grow，Ji and several cloud enthusiasts created dozens of online groups for different regions in China，forming the Sky Enthusiasts Association in 2019.__2__ Power comes in numbers.Three years after the association was formed，cloud enthusiasts from all over China had collected every kind of cloud in the International Cloud Atlas，a reference by the World Meteorological Organization. __3__ Cloud spotting，in fact，is an invitation to be amazed by something so common every day that we've become blind to.“You're not going to be worrying too much about what formation it is and why it looks the way it does.”Gavin PretorPinney，founder of the Cloud Appreciation Society，told Atlas Obscura. Indeed，Jiang Xinwei in Jilin finds cloud spotting relaxing.Even though she is going through her toughest school year in grade 12，Jiang maintains this hobby as a short break from her heavy schoolwork.“Observing the clouds has become a habit for me，”the 17yearold said.“__4__”　 “Clouds change in the blink of an eye.__5__”said Jiang Na，a 25yearold cloud spotter in Beijing. A．Currently，there are thousands of people across different groups. B．This often leads us to think about the relationship between humans and nature. C．They take photos of the clouds and match them to cloud type names. D．My worries and troubles seem to fade away as I look up. E．But that is not to say all clouds spotters need to go to such great lengths. F．Cloud spotting can also make some people feel blue. G．When they roll over the sky，I feel the passage of time has a concrete shape. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍的是云观测者Ji Yun的故事。 1．【解析】　C　空前“Cloud spotters take a more serious approach to make sense of the sky.(云观测者采取更严肃的方法来理解天空。)”讲的是云观测者的工作，空格处应该继续说云观测者还要干什么，C选项“They take photos of the clouds and match them to cloud type names.(他们拍摄云的照片，并将它们与云的类型名称相匹配。)”说明了云观测者除了做空前的事情外还做什么，因此C选项承接上文，符合语境，故选C。 2．【解析】　A　空前“As the number of group members continued to grow，Ji and several cloud enthusiasts created dozens of online groups for different regions in China，forming the Sky Enthusiasts Association in 2019.(随着小组成员数量的持续增长，Ji和几位云爱好者在中国不同地区创建了数十个在线小组，并于2019年成立了Sky Enthusiasts Association。)”说明了Sky Enthusiasts Association的成立，空格处应该说这个协会的相关情况，A选项“Currently，there are thousands of people across different groups.(目前，有成千上万的人来自不同的群体。)”说明了协会里有成千上万的人，是关于这个协会的，因此A选项承接上文，符合语境，故选A。 3．【解析】　E　空后“Cloud spotting，in fact，is an invitation to be amazed by something so common every day that we've become blind to.(事实上，观云是一种邀请，让我们对日常生活中常见的东西感到惊讶，而我们却视而不见。)”说明观云其实很容易做到，也就是不那么困难，E选项“But that is not to say all clouds spotters need to go to such great lengths.(但这并不是说所有的云观测者都需要花这么大的力气。)”说明云观测者不需要费那么大劲，也就是观云是挺容易做到的，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选E。 4．【解析】　D　空前“Observing the clouds has become a habit for me(观云已经成为我的习惯)”是Jiang Xinwei在谈论观云对自己的影响，空格处也应该是这方面的内容，D选项“My worries and troubles seem to fade away as I look up.(当我抬头时，我的担忧和烦恼似乎都消失了。)”说明的是观云对Jiang Xinwei的影响，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选D。 5．【解析】　G　空前“Clouds change in the blink of an eye.(云在眨眼之间变化。)”说明了云变化得很快，是描述云的，空格处也应该是描述云的，G选项“When they roll over the sky，I feel the passage of time has a concrete shape.(当它们在天空翻滚时，我感觉时间的流逝有了具体的形状。)”也是描述云的，说明了云翻滚时作者的感觉，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选G。 2 (2025·山东德州一模) French parenting isn't perfect，but there's a lot we can learn from this kind but nononsense style of parenting. French children are allowed to handle difficult things themselves.__1__ The early years are when they discover all the cool ways their new body works and how to use it.To encourage this autonomy，French parents treat children more like adultsintraining than helpless babies.They believe kids feel confident when they're able to deal with things on their own. Fearful of hurting feelings，American parents tend to praise every child for everything.__2__ However，all that praise eventually turns out to be pointless.By contrast，French adults give children appropriate praise，thus allowing them to feel a true sense of achievement and take pride in what they learn. Painful experiences are the best learning opportunities and sheltering children from this fact of life will merely delay their emotional development.French doctors never say“sorry”when giving kids shots.The French believe undergoing hurts，is part of life and that there's no reason to apologize for that.__3__ Plus，the expectation of eye contact and a polite hello starts from the minute French children can say hello.They know saying “hello” and good manners are nonnegotiable.Teaching them about that will benefit them for a lifetime.__4__ Be patient with little ones as they learn. All the above feels easier said than done，especially as a tired parent facing an intolerable child.__5__ Your efforts will end up with children's better behaviour overall. A．They mean what they say. B．This isn't to say it'll come easily. C．It might save tears in the short term. D．They wish children to suffer sometimes. E．Bearing a few blowups is worthwhile，though. F．Parents have to spare them such psychological discomfort. G．“Me do it！”is little kids' favorite phrase and for good reason. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了法国的育儿方式。 1．【解析】　G　由上文“French children are allowed to handle difficult things themselves.(法国儿童被允许自己处理困难的事情。)”和下文“The early years are when they discover all the cool ways their new body works and how to use it.To encourage this autonomy，French parents treat children more like adultsintraining than helpless babies.They believe kids feel confident when they're able to deal with things on their own.(在最初的几年里，他们发现了他们的新身体运作的所有很酷的方式以及如何使用它。为了鼓励这种自主性，法国父母对待孩子更像是在接受训练的成年人，而不是无助的婴儿。他们认为，当孩子们能够自己处理事情时，他们会感到自信。)”可知，法国孩子们愿意自己处理困难的事情，故G选项“‘Me do it！’ is little kids' favorite phrase and for good reason.(‘我做！’是小孩子们最喜欢的一句话，这是有充分理由的。)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选G。 2．【解析】　C　由上文“Fearful of hurting feelings，American parents tend to praise every child for everything.(由于害怕伤害孩子的感情，美国父母倾向于在任何事情上表扬每个孩子。)”可知，本空要说这种表扬的后果有关的话题，故C选项“It might save tears in the short term.(这可能在短期内省掉眼泪。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选C。 3．【解析】　D　由上文“Painful experiences are the best learning opportunities and sheltering children from this fact of life will merely delay their emotional development.French doctors never say ‘sorry’ when giving kids shots.The French believe undergoing hurts，is part of life and that there's no reason to apologize for that.(痛苦的经历是最好的学习机会，让孩子们逃避生活中的这一事实只会延迟他们的情感发展。法国医生在给孩子打针时从不说‘对不起’。法国人认为，经历伤害是生活的一部分，没有理由为此道歉。)”可知，痛苦的经历是最好的学习机会，经历伤害是生活的一部分，所以他们希望孩子们有时受苦，故D选项“They wish children to suffer sometimes.(他们希望孩子们有时受苦。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选D。 4．【解析】　B　由上文“Plus，the expectation of eye contact and a polite hello starts from the minute French children can say hello.They know saying ‘hello’ and good manners are nonnegotiable.Teaching them about that will benefit them for a lifetime.(此外，从法国孩子会打招呼的那一刻起，他们就开始期待眼神交流和礼貌的问候。他们知道说‘你好’和礼貌是不容置疑的。教会他们这些将使他们受益终生。)”和下文“Be patient with little ones as they learn.(在孩子学习的过程中对他们要有耐心。)”可知，教会他们这些并不容易，所以要有耐心，故B选项“This isn't to say it'll come easily.(这并不是说它会来得容易。)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选B。 5．【解析】　E　由下文“Your efforts will end up with children's better behaviour overall.(你的努力最终会让孩子们表现得更好。)”可知，这些努力是值得的，故E选项“Bearing a few blowups is worthwhile，though.(不过，承受几次发脾气是值得的。)”能引起下文，符合题意。故选E。 3 (2025·菏泽一模) How to Build Resilience Resilience(适应力) is a crucial skill that can help us face the unpredictability of life and thrive in the face of adversity.__1__ Whether it's learning how to be resilient at work or how to be resilient to stress，use these strategies as a starting point for your resiliencebuilding journey. Nurture strong relationships __2__ Having caring，supportive people around you acts as a protective factor during times of crisis.While simply talking about a situation with a friend or loved one won't make your troubles go away，it allows you to share your feelings，get support，receive positive feedback，and come up with possible solutions to your problems. __3__ Your physical wellbeing significantly impacts your resilience.A healthy body can cope better with stress and recover faster from illness or tiredness.Start to improve your health by integrating a simple exercise routine into your daily schedule，like a 30minute stroll or a short yoga session.By taking care of yourself，you can boost your overall health and resilience and be fully ready to face life's challenges. Discover your purpose A sense of purpose can give you direction and motivation，especially during tough times.Consider what goals you have，whether little or large.These goals give a sense of purpose to your life and keep you focused.Write down a list of things you want to accomplish in life.__4__ Develop problemsolving skills Whenever you encounter a new challenge，brainstorm some of the potential ways you could solve the problem.__5__ By practicing your problemsolving skills on a regular basis，you will be better prepared to cope when a serious challenge emerges. A．Prioritize physical health. B．Activate positive emotion. C．It's important to have people you can trust. D．It can be developed and enhanced over time. E．Keep this list in a safe place and evaluate your progress regularly. F．Experiment with different strategies to work through common problems. G．It means the difference between handling pressure and losing your cool. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。旨在指导读者如何建立适应力。 1．【解析】　D　根据上文“Resilience(适应力)is a crucial skill that can help us face the unpredictability of life and thrive in the face of adversity.(韧性是一种至关重要的技能，可以帮助我们面对生活的不可预测性，并在逆境中茁壮成长。)”和后文列举的提高适应力的策略可知，空处最有可能指出适应力是可以随着时间的推移而发展和提高的，与D项“It can be developed and enhanced over time.(它可以随着时间的推移而发展和增强。)”表达的含义一致，故选D。 2．【解析】　C　根据下文“Having caring，supportive people around you acts as a protective factor during times of crisis.(在危机时刻，身边有关心和支持你的人是一个保护因素。)”可知，拥有可信任的人是很重要的，与C项“It's important to have people you can trust.(拥有可以信任的人是很重要的。)”表达的含义一致，故选C。 3．【解析】　A　空处为本段小标题。根据下文“Your physical wellbeing significantly impacts your resilience.(你的身体健康状况会显著影响你的恢复力。)”可知，身体健康对于建立适应力是非常重要的，与A项“Prioritize physical health.(优先考虑身体健康。)”符合题意，故选A。 4．【解析】　E　空处位于段末，应承接上文，根据上文“Write down a list of things you want to accomplish in life.(写下你想在生活中完成的事情的清单。)”可知，空处最后可能提到如何处理这张清单，与E项“Keep this list in a safe place and evaluate your progress regularly.(把这份清单保存在安全的地方，并定期评估你的进步。)”表达的含义一致，“this list”指上文的“a list”。故选E。 5．【解析】　F　根据上文“Whenever you encounter a new challenge，brainstorm some of the potential ways you could solve the problem.(每当你遇到新的挑战时，集思广益，找出一些可能解决问题的方法。)”以及下文“By practicing your problemsolving skills on a regular basis，you will be better prepared to cope when a serious challenge emerges.(通过定期练习解决问题的技能，你将更好地准备应对出现的严重挑战。)”可知，此处上下文说的是要学会使用多种办法解决问题，磨练自己的解决问题能力，与F项“Experiment with different strategies to work through common problems.(尝试使用不同的策略来解决常见问题。)”表达的含义一致，故选F。 4 (2025·信阳模拟) How to Plan a Surprise Party ●Pick a party theme.__1__ They may come up wearing crazy clothes，see everyone else's，and you will get the chance to use your creativity when it comes to decorations，prizes，and activities.The best part? It can be anything: cartoonthemed，colourthemed or costumethemed. ●Pick a place your guests of honour frequents to avoid suspicion(怀疑).If you tell your partypersons that you're heading to the nicest restaurant in town，they'll know that there's an occasion.However，if you tell them that you're heading to the same restaurant you go to every Thursday night，suspicion will be kept at a minimum.__2__ ●Pick a date before the actual occasion.If this surprise party is for a birthday，holding a party on the day might be a little hard to turn into an awesome surprise.__3__ Besides，choose a date when all of their friends are able to go. ●Choose your guests.__4__Here's what to consider： A small group.This is easier to manage，people can keep their mouths shut，and it creates a more warm environment.However，it's less impressive and more people might be upset that they're not invited. A large group.This is harder to manage，the word might slip out，it's harder to get a space，but in the end，your partypersons might be surprised by seeing everyone they love in one room. ●__5__ There are three types of people in this world: those that don't like surprise parties because they always want to be prepared，those that don't like surprise parties because they think they're being forgotten，and those that love a good surprise party in their honour.Make sure your partypersons fall into the third category! A．So choose a place that seems“normal”． B．It isn't much better if something emergent happens. C．To avoid that，plan something before the actual date. D．Be sure your guests of honour would want a surprise party. E．You have two options: a small gathering or a big gettogether. F．An easy way to get guests excited about a party is to give it a theme. G．The hardest part about a surprise party is making sure your guests don't find it out. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇应用文。文章对如何规划一个惊喜派对进行了指导和建议。 1．【解析】　F　根据前文“Pick a party theme.(选择一个派对主题。)”可知，此处是指让派对有一个主题是个好主意，所以选项F“让客人对聚会感到兴奋的一个简单方法就是给它一个主题。”切合文意。故选F。 2．【解析】　A　根据前文“However，if you tell them that you're heading to the same restaurant you go to every Thursday night，suspicion will be kept at a minimum.(然而，如果你告诉他们你要去每周四晚上去的同一家餐馆，怀疑就会被降到最低。)”可知，把派对地点选在一个寻常的地方，所以选项A“所以选择一个看起来‘正常’的地方。”切合文意。故选A。 3．【解析】　C　根据前文“Pick a date before the actual occasion.If this surprise party is for a birthday，holding a party on the day might be a little hard to turn into an awesome surprise.(在正式场合之前选定一个日期。如果这个惊喜派对是为生日准备的，在生日当天举办派对可能有点难变成一个很棒的惊喜。)”可知，此处是指惊喜派对要安排在正式场合之前，所以选项C“为了避免这种情况，在真正的日期之前计划一些事情。”切合文意。故选C。 4．【解析】　E　根据后文“A small group.(一小群人。)”和“A large group.(一大群人。)”可知，此处是指选择一小群人聚会或是一大群人，所以选项E“你有两种选择：小型聚会或大型聚会。”切合文意。故选E。 5．【解析】　D　根据后文“There are three types of people in this world: those that don't like surprise parties because they always want to be prepared，those that don't like surprise parties because they think they're being forgotten，and those that love a good surprise party in their honour.Make sure your partypersons fall into the third category！(这个世界上有三种人：一种人不喜欢惊喜派对，因为他们总是想做好准备；另一种人不喜欢惊喜派对，因为他们觉得自己被遗忘了；还有一种人喜欢为自己举办一个惊喜派对。确保你的聚会对象属于第三类！)”可知，此处是指要确保自己的派对客人都喜欢惊喜派对，所以选项D“确保你的贵宾想要一个惊喜派对。”切合文意。故选D。 5 (2025·广东茂名一模) Four Surprising Ways To Boost Your Heart Health As much as 80 percent of premature heart disease is preventable by making specific lifestyle choices.Some strategies，such as exercising and managing weight，are well known.__1__“A small change in your everyday routine can potentially have a big impact in the long run，”says preventive cardiologist Dr.Beth Abramson，a spokesperson for the Heart and Stroke(中风) Foundation of Canada. Get eight hours of sleep. If we don't have enough sleep，our bodies also have more difficulty controlling blood pressure，inflammation and glucose levels.__2__ __3__ Doing good for others helps your selfrespect and relieves stress.Research issued in Psychosomatic Medicine in 2016 showed that a feeling of purpose in life is linked to a lower likelihood of heart attack and stroke.Depending on the type of work you do，volunteering might even increase your physical activity. Avoid polluted air. Exposure to this kind of pollution over time raises your risk of heart disease.__4__ Try to get your outdoor exercise far away from highways and industrial districts，and spend more time indoors when the air quality index is poor. Laugh. A 2016 study in the Journal of Epidemiology of more than 20，000 people over the age of 65 found a lower risk of cardiovascular(心血管的) disease in those who reported laughing every day.__5__ It may also serve as a miniworkout，helping your circulation and protecting the health of your arteries(动脉). A．Be kind to others. B．Engage in volunteer work. C．You should laugh everyday. D．Laughter reduces stress and depression. E．But others may not have crossed your mind. F．These factors can all have an impact on heart health. G．Even short periods of it are unhealthy for people with other cardiovascular risks. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。日常生活中的一个小小的改变，从长远来看可能会对预防心脏病产生巨大的影响。文章主要介绍了几个这样的改变。 1．【解析】　E　上文“As much as 80 percent of premature heart disease is preventable by making specific lifestyle choices.Some strategies，such as exercising and managing weight，are well known.(通过选择特定的生活方式，多达80%的早产儿心脏病是可以预防的。一些策略，如锻炼和控制体重，是众所周知的。)”提到一些特定的生活方式能预防早产儿心脏病，下文“‘A small change in your everyday routine can potentially have a big impact in the long run，’ says preventive cardiologist Dr.Beth Abramson，a spokesperson for the Heart and Stroke(中风) Foundation of Canada.(加拿大心脏和中风基金会发言人、预防心脏病专家贝丝·艾布拉姆森博士说：‘日常生活中的一个小小的改变，从长远来看可能会产生巨大的影响。’)”提到小的改变也能对预防心脏病产生巨大的影响，由此可知，前后是转折关系，空处应该是引起下文，E项“But others may not have crossed your mind.(但你可能没想过别的。)”符合，故选E。 2．【解析】　F　上文“If we don't have enough sleep，our bodies also have more difficulty controlling blood pressure，inflammation and glucose levels.(如果我们没有足够的睡眠，我们的身体也很难控制血压、炎症和血糖水平。)”提到缺少足够的睡眠会导致我们很难控制血压，炎症和血糖水平，结合全文可知，本文主要讲述了一些小的改变能预防心脏病，由此可知，空处承接上文，指出血压，炎症和血糖水平得不到控制后对心脏产生一定的影响，F项“These factors can all have an impact on heart health.(这些因素都会对心脏健康产生影响。)”符合，“These factors”指代上文提到的“blood pressure，inflammation and glucose levels”，故选F。 3．【解析】　B　此处是本段小标题。由下文“Doing good for others helps your selfrespect and relieves stress.Research issued in Psychosomatic Medicine in 2016 showed that a feeling of purpose in life is linked to a lower likelihood of heart attack and stroke.Depending on the type of work you do，volunteering might even increase your physical activity.(为他人做好事有助于你的自尊和减轻压力。2016年《心身医学》发布的研究表明，生活的目标感与较低的心脏病发作和中风的可能性有关。根据你的工作类型，志愿者活动甚至可能增加你的体力活动。)”可知，做志愿者活动能降低心脏病发作的可能性，所以B项“Engage in volunteer work.(从事志愿者工作。)”适合做本段小标题，故选B。 4．【解析】　G　上文“Exposure to this kind of pollution over time raises your risk of heart disease.(长期接触这种污染会增加患心脏病的风险。)”提到长期接触污染的空气会增加患心脏病的风险，下文“Try to get your outdoor exercise far away from highways and industrial districts，and spend more time indoors when the air quality index is poor.(尽量让你的户外运动远离高速公路和工业区，当空气质量指数较差时，花更多的时间在室内。)”讲到我们应该尽量避免污染的空气，由此可知，空处应该承接上文，也讲述接触空气污染对心脏的危害，G项“Even short periods of it are unhealthy for people with other cardiovascular risks.(即使是很短的一段时间，对于有其他心血管疾病风险的人来说也是不健康的。)”符合，故选G。 5．【解析】　D　上文“A 2016 study in the Journal of Epidemiology of more than 20，000 people over the age of 65 found a lower risk of cardiovascular(心血管的) disease in those who reported laughing every day.(2016年发表在《流行病学杂志》上的一项研究发现，那些报告每天大笑的人患心血管疾病的风险较低。该研究调查了20 000多名65岁以上的老年人。)”指出研究发现，每天大笑的人患心血管疾病的风险较低，由此可知，空处应该承接上文，指出大笑的好处，D项“Laughter reduces stress and depression.(笑可以减轻压力和抑郁。)”符合，下文 “It” 代指选项中的“Laughter”，故选D。 6 (2025·山东临沂一模) Mark Covington，founder of the Georgia Street Community Collective in Detroit，stands in a corner of his urban farm，breathing the fresh air in the early morning.__1__ Early in the day，the green crops giving life to tomatoes，cabbages，eggplants，and more are bathed in gold，as if being watered by the sun.The sounds of dogs，pigs，roosters，and a group of stirring bees drown out the sounds of the city. In 2007，Covington lost his job and returned to his childhood street.__2__“It was dirty，”he said.“There were always vacant lots，but they had always been maintained for children to play on.”He knew that if he just cleaned them up，people would pile on them again.__3__ Covington started with a small community garden.__4__ One mother sent three children to help him build a larger garden where the kids could grow food，stay busy during the summer and add structure to their lives.Little by little the seeds took root，as the hands on the garden that would evolve into a farm multiplied. __5__ On one corner: a movie screen and a public garden with vegetable and flower beds.On another: a farm and a community center in a building.Nearby are garlic beds and a greenhouse.“It's somewhat spiritual for me，”Covington says.“It's like a sanctuary(圣殿).People come here and don't want to leave.” A．But if he planted stuff，they might not. B．It's a typical morning scene at the collective. C．He saw garbage piled high in vacant，abandoned lots. D．Covington made the garden a little bigger to plant more. E．And almost immediately neighbors began asking to participate. F．He planted a garden to help feed residents and enrich their lives. G．What began as an effort to remove trash has turned into a site of community. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了社区领袖Mark Covington变废为宝，建农场助邻，社区由此焕发新生。 1．【解析】　B　根据上文“Mark Covington，founder of the Georgia Street Community Collective in Detroit，stands in a corner of his urban farm，breathing the fresh air in the early morning.(Mark Covington是底特律乔治亚街社区集体组织的创始人，他站在自家城市农场的一角，呼吸着清晨的新鲜空气。)”及下文“Early in the day，the green crops giving life to tomatoes，cabbages，eggplants，and more are bathed in gold，as if being watered by the sun.(清晨，绿色的庄稼，如西红柿、卷心菜、茄子等，沐浴在金色之中，仿佛被太阳浇灌过。)”可知，这些描述共同构成了清晨在这个集体农场中的典型景象，B项“这是集体农场的一个典型清晨场景。”符合语境，故选B。 2．【解析】　C　根据上文“In 2007，Covington lost his job and returned to his childhood street.(2007年，Covington失去了工作，回到了儿时的街道。)”以及下文“‘It was dirty，’ he said.(‘很脏，’他说。)”可知，此处是说Covington回到儿时的街道后看到脏乱的景象，C项“他看到垃圾堆在空的、废弃的空地上。”符合语境，故选C。 3．【解析】　A　上文“He knew that if he just cleaned them up，people would pile on them again.(他知道如果他把它们清理干净，人们又会把它们堆起来。)”提到，Covington意识到如果只是简单地清理这些空地，人们又会再次把垃圾堆在上面，这暗示了需要一种更持久、更有意义的改变，结合下文“Covington started with a small community garden.(Covington从一个小的社区花园开始。)”提到他种植社区花园可知，空处是说他想到如果在这些空地上种植东西，人们可能就不会再往上面乱丢垃圾了。A项“但如果他种一些东西，他们可能就不会(堆积)。”符合语境，故选A。 4．【解析】　E　上文“Covington started with a small community garden.(Covington从一个小的社区花园开始。)”提到Covington开始种植社区花园，结合下文“One mother sent three children to help him build a larger garden where the kids could grow food，stay busy during the summer and add structure to their lives.(一位母亲让三个孩子帮他建了一个更大的花园，孩子们可以在那里种食物，在夏天保持忙碌，并为他们的生活增添一些安排。)”可知，邻居们和Covington一起种植社区花园，E项“邻居们几乎立刻就开始要求参与进来。”符合语境，故选E。 5．【解析】　G　结合下文“On one corner: a movie screen and a public garden with vegetable and flower beds.On another: a farm and a community center in a building.Nearby are garlic beds and a greenhouse.(在一个角落里：一个电影屏幕和一个有蔬菜和花坛的公共花园。在另一个角落：一个农场和一个社区中心在一栋楼里。附近是大蒜床和温室。)”可知，文章最后描述了Covington的项目如何从清理垃圾开始，逐渐发展成为一个集电影屏幕、公共花园、农场和社区中心等多种功能于一体的社区活动场所。这显示了该项目从单纯的垃圾清理转变为一个促进社区凝聚力和活力的地方。因此，选项G“从清理垃圾开始的项目已经变成了一个社区活动的地方。”最能概括文章结尾部分的内容。故选G。 7 (2025·山东淄博一模) The Power of Peers Do birds of a feather really flock together? People do tend to choose friends who are similar to them.Many behaviors spread socially.Activities in certain brain areas change when other people are around.__1__ You can use the power of social relationships to gain healthier habits—and motivate others to do the same. __2__ Teens are especially responsive to peer influence.At the same time，the reward system in the teen brain becomes extra sensitive.Teens are just learning to explore the social world.Understanding other people's values and being influenced by them are important parts of socializing. A research shows that even just having another peer around can change the reward response in the brain and also the risktaking tendencies of teenagers.Some people seem to be more easily influenced than others and more sensitive to feeling included or excluded by others.__3__ But it's also a time that peer influence can help teens thrive if it gets them more involved with their community or helps them learn behaviors to get along with others. It's the quality of friendships—not quantity—that really makes the difference.Friendships you feel you want to let go of may be low quality.__4__ High quality friendships provide understanding，support，and recognition of your selfworth.These types of friendships are more steady and satisfying. Spending time with friends can be especially helpful for people.Noticing that our behavior is influenced by other people，we can be intentional and try to focus on the people who are doing the things we want to get into ourselves.__5__ A．Adolescence is such a risky period. B．That can affect what you choose to do. C．Peer pressure can sometimes lead to competition. D．People care about what others think across all different age groups. E．They are linked to poor academic performance and behavioral issues. F．Sharing your healthy habits could also make a real difference to others. G．The number of friends you have determines your level of social influence. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了同龄人的力量，青少年可以利用这种社会关系的力量来养成更健康的习惯。 1．【解析】　B　上文“People do tend to choose friends who are similar to them.(人们确实倾向于选择与自己相似的朋友。)”和“Activities in certain brain areas change when other people are around.(当其他人在身边时，某些大脑区域的活动会发生变化。)”讲志趣相投的朋友在身边，你的某些大脑区域的活动会发生变化，该空应该承接上文讲发生变化后会产生什么样的结果，才能引出下文“You can use the power of social relationships to gain healthier habits—and motivate others to do the same.(你可以利用社会关系的力量来养成更健康的习惯，并激励他人也这样做。)”讲人们可以选择利用此类社会关系的力量改变自己、于自己有益，B选项“这会影响你的选择。”切合语境。故选B。 2．【解析】　D　由下文“Teens are especially responsive to peer influence.(青少年对同伴的影响特别敏感。)”和常识可知，人敏感是因为在意别人的看法，结合下文出现了“青少年”，该空应该引出各年龄阶段都会有因在意别人看法而变得敏感的人的内容，D选项“不同年龄段的人都关心别人的想法。”切合语境。故选D。 3．【解析】　A　由上文“A research shows that even just having another peer around can change the reward response in the brain and also the risktaking tendencies of teenagers.Some people seem to be more easily influenced than others and more sensitive to feeling included or excluded by others.(一项研究表明，即使身边有另一个同伴，也会改变大脑中的奖励反应，以及青少年的冒险倾向。有些人似乎比其他人更容易受到影响，对被他人包容或排斥的感觉更敏感。)”可知，青少年有冒险倾向，易受影响，对被他人包容或排斥的感觉更敏感，这都是在讲青少年时期不好的地方，A选项“青春期是一个非常危险的时期。”切合语境，与下文“But it's also a time that peer influence can help teens thrive if it gets them more involved with their community or helps them learn behaviors to get along with others.(但如果同伴的影响能让青少年更多地参与社区或帮助他们学习与他人相处的行为，那么同伴的影响也能帮助他们茁壮成长。)”讲青少年也能成为积极力量形成对比。故选A。 4．【解析】　E　结合下文“High quality friendships provide understanding，support，and recognition of your selfworth.These types of friendships are more steady and satisfying.(高质量的友谊提供对自我价值的理解、支持和认可。这些类型的友谊更稳定、更令人满意。)”描述了什么是高质量的友谊，可推知该空应该承接上文“Friendships you feel you want to let go of may be low quality.(你觉得想要放弃的友谊可能质量很低。)”讲低质量的友谊是怎么样的，E选项“它们与学习成绩不佳和行为问题有关。”切合语境，上下文形成对比。故选E。 5．【解析】　F　由上文“Spending time with friends can be especially helpful for people.Noticing that our behavior is influenced by other people，we can be intentional and try to focus on the people who are doing the things we want to get into ourselves.(与朋友共度时光对人们尤其有帮助。注意到我们的行为受到他人的影响，我们可以有意识地把注意力集中在那些正在做我们想做的事情的人身上。)”可知，同龄人相处有积极作用，青少年可以通过相处交流对他人产生影响，F选项“分享你的健康习惯也会对他人产生真正的影响。”切合语境。故选F。 8 (2025·山东青岛一模) When you think of your closest friends，who will come to your mind? Perhaps your college roommates or the neighbor you played with as a child.Regardless of how you met these people，they most likely have one key thing in common: __1__ A 2023 study found that，for those aged 21 to 30，over 80 percent in their social circles，were born within five years of them.Moreover，nearly 63 percent of adults have no close friends 15 years older or younger than them. Spending our time with such a narrow group of people can fuel age segregation and increase our loneliness.These limitations also keep us from other generations' mindsets and potentially surprising points of connection.__2__ Of course，the ones that are older might offer a brief look into the coming years. A program that runs schools out of senior centers has said a lot about it.__3__ Dawn Carr，a sociology professor，said most older people get much from practical help—with new technology，for instance—their younger friends offered.__4__ Having fun with someone decades younger definitely takes off their pressure to“act their age”． __5__ Lila，aged 75，was proud that her life experiences prepared her to give advice to her young friend with depression，for which the young was grateful.Also，older friends offer more examples of what growing up can look like.If someone's parents are the only older people they know well，they might fail to picture other possibilities.A greater pool of older friends can help young people create their own blueprint. A．You befriend those who live around. B．They're all roughly the same age as you. C．Others might find joy in exposure to new ideas. D．Brought closer，both see more than one benefit. E．Younger friends can be a reminder of past selves. F．Forming these kinds of friendship is particularly hard today. G．Indeed，intergenerational relationship is never a oneway street. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了老年人和年轻人交朋友给双方都会带来的好处。 1．【解析】　B　根据上文“Regardless of how you met these people，they most likely have one key thing in common(不管你是怎么认识这些人的，他们很可能有一个关键的共同点。)”以及后文“A 2023 study found that，for those aged 21 to 30，over 80 percent in their social circles，were born within five years of them.Moreover，nearly 63 percent of adults have no close friends 15 years older or younger than them.(2023年的一项研究发现，对于21岁至30岁的人来说，社交圈中超过80%的人是在5年内出生的。此外，近63%的成年人没有比自己大或小15岁的亲密朋友。)”可知，本句主要说明上文提到的共同点是什么，结合后文的研究可知这些人都年纪接近。故B选项“他们都和你差不多大。”符合语境，故选B。 2．【解析】　E　根据后文“Of course，the ones that are older might offer a brief look into the coming years.(当然，那些年龄较大的可能会让我们对未来几年有一个简要的了解。)”可知，后文提到了年龄大的朋友会让我们了解未来，与此对应的，可知本句是正在说明年轻的朋友会让我们想起过去。故E选项“年轻的朋友可以提醒你过去的自己。”符合语境，故选E。 3．【解析】　D　根据上文“A program that runs schools out of senior centers has said a lot about it.(一个在老年中心开办学校的项目对此做了很多介绍。)”以及后文“Dawn Carr，a sociology professor，said most older people get much from practical help—with new technology，for instance—their younger friends offered.(社会学教授道恩•卡尔说，大多数老年人从年轻朋友提供的实际帮助中获益良多，比如新技术。)”可知，本句主要说明项目介绍了老年人和年轻人相处会得到好处。故D选项“拉近距离，两者都看到了不止一个好处。”符合语境，故选D。 4．【解析】　C　根据后文“Having fun with someone decades younger definitely takes off their pressure to ‘act their age’．(和比自己小几十岁的人玩得开心，绝对可以减轻他们‘表现得像同龄人’的压力。)”可知，后文提到了年纪大的人和比自己小几十岁的人玩得开心，可以减轻心理压力，即心理层面的好处。故C选项“其他人可能会从接触新思想中找到乐趣。”符合语境，故选C。 5．【解析】　G　根据本段内容“Lila，aged 75，was proud that her life experiences prepared her to give advice to her young friend with depression，for which the young was grateful.Also，older friends offer more examples of what growing up can look like.If someone's parents are the only older people they know well，they might fail to picture other possibilities.A greater pool of older friends can help young people create their own blueprint.(75岁的莱拉很自豪，她的生活经历使她能够给患有抑郁症的年轻朋友提供建议，年轻人对此很感激。此外，年长的朋友提供了更多成长的例子。如果某人的父母是他们唯一熟悉的老年人，他们可能无法想象其他可能性。更多的年长朋友可以帮助年轻人创造自己的蓝图。)”结合上文主要论述了年轻人给老年人带来的好处，后文则主要提到了老年人对年轻人的好处，可知带来的好处不是单向的。故G选项“的确，代际关系从来不是单行道。”符合语境，故选G。 9 (2025·山东泰安一模) “Rise to Glory” is an incredibly inspiring film that unfolds the gripping(扣人心弦的) tale of a loser's journey to greatness.__1__ It takes them on an emotional rollercoaster，mixing moments of success with heartbreaking setbacks. The cinematography，the technique of making films for the cinema，in “Rise to Glory” deserves special mention.__2__ The director's ability to perfectly combine intense action sequences(镜头) with quiet moments of reflection adds a layer of depth to the storytelling. __3__ Each character faces their own set of challenges，contributing to the overall theme of growth and resilience(适应力).The supporting cast delivers exceptional performances，filling the story with authenticity and depth.The strong connection among the cast members is noticeable，increasing the appeal of the characters' journeys. The soundtrack of “Rise to Glory” is a standout feature.It perfectly makes up the onscreen events，creating an immersive(沉浸式的) experience for the audience.__4__ “Rise to Glory” leaves a powerful impression on the viewer.It is a mustwatch for anyone who wants to get motivated.The movie delivers a profound message of perseverance and selfdiscovery，presented with a heartfelt sincerity.__5__ It's an emotional journey that attracts from beginning to end.Its exceptional cinematography，compelling characters，and impactful soundtrack come together to create a cinematic masterpiece that will undoubtedly stand the test of time. A．The soundtrack features a collection of music. B．In summary，“Rise to Glory” is more than just a film. C．The visuals are attractive，deepening the emotional impact. D．The movie attracts the audience from the beginning to the end. E．The music adds not only emotion but also depth to the storytelling. F．What sets this film apart is its welldeveloped and relatable characters. G．The film lacks a dramatic emotional journey，leaving viewers unaffected. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了Rise to Glory这部鼓舞人心的电影。 1．【解析】　D　上文“‘Rise to Glory’ is an incredibly inspiring film that unfolds the gripping tale of a loser's journey to greatness.(《走向荣耀》是一部令人难以置信的鼓舞人心的电影，讲述了一个失败者走向伟大的扣人心弦的故事。)”以及下文“It takes them on an emotional rollercoaster，mixing moments of success with heartbreaking setbacks.(这让他们的情绪如过山车，将成功的时刻与令人心碎的挫折交织在一起。)”说明本段介绍了《走向荣耀》这部电影鼓舞人心，电影使得人们的情绪发生变化，D项“这部电影从头到尾都吸引着观众。”说明电影吸引观众，影响观众的情绪，承上启下，符合题意。故选D。 2．【解析】　C　上文“The cinematography，the technique of making films for the cinema，in ‘Rise to Glory’ deserves special mention.(《走向荣耀》中的电影摄影，即为电影制作电影的技巧，值得一提。)”说明电影制作的技巧很好，以及下文“The director's ability to perfectly combine intense action sequences with quiet moments of reflection adds a layer of depth to the storytelling.(导演将紧张的动作场面与安静的反思时刻完美结合的能力为故事增添了一层深度。)”说明电影中的动作场面和反思时刻完美结合，这使得电影故事的深度加深，C项“视觉效果吸引人，加深了情感冲击。”承上启下，说明电影的视觉效果增加了电影的深度，加深情感冲击。故选C。 3．【解析】　F　下文“Each character faces their own set of challenges，contributing to the overall theme of growth and resilience.The supporting cast delivers exceptional performances，filling the story with authenticity and depth.The strong connection among the cast members is noticeable，increasing the appeal of the characters' journeys.(每个角色都面临着自己的一系列挑战，为成长和适应力的整体主题做出贡献。配角们贡献了出色的表演，使故事充满了真实性和深度。演员之间的紧密联系显而易见，增加了角色旅程的吸引力。)”说明电影中的每个角色都表现得很好，F项中“characters”是关键词，F项“这部电影的与众不同之处在于它的人物形象发展得很好，很有亲和力。”引出下文，符合题意。故选F。 4．【解析】　E　上文“The soundtrack of ‘Rise to Glory’ is a standout feature.It perfectly makes up the onscreen events，creating an immersive experience for the audience.(《走向荣耀》的配乐是一个突出的特色。它完美地构成了屏幕上的事件，为观众创造了身临其境的体验。)”说明电影中的配乐也是电影的突出特点，E项中“The music”是关键词，E项“音乐不仅给故事增添了情感，而且给故事增加了深度。”进一步说明电影中音乐的作用，符合题意。故选E。 5．【解析】　B　上文“The movie delivers a profound message of perseverance and selfdiscovery，presented with a heartfelt sincerity.(这部电影传达了一个深刻的信息，毅力和自我发现，呈现出发自内心的真诚。)”以及下文“It's an emotional journey that attracts from beginning to end.Its exceptional cinematography，compelling characters，and impactful soundtrack come together to create a cinematic masterpiece that will undoubtedly stand the test of time.(这是一段从头到尾都吸引人的情感之旅。它非凡的摄影技术、引人入胜的角色和富有影响力的配乐结合在一起，创造了一部毫无疑问经得起时间考验的电影杰作。)”说明《走向荣耀》这部电影除了电影本身传达的信息外，还体现了情感、摄影技术、角色和配乐方面的优异，B项“总之，《走向荣耀》不仅仅是一部电影。”总结上文内容，并引出下文，符合题意。故选B。 10 (2025·山东济宁一模) Recently，I carried out an investigation to discover what it was that prevented people from journalling.__1__ So，today，I want to introduce a very simple tool—The MicroMOVEment Wheel.It will help you pick up your journal even at times when you really don't feel like it. __2__ She describes creating this method so she could use it as a creative planning tool for her writing projects and goals.While it was originally aimed at writers，you can use this technique to help you complete any project in a fun and creative way. __3__ Here's how it works.Take a blank sheet of paper and draw a large circle，and then another smaller circle in the middle.In the centre circle，write down what you are inspired to achieve.Remember，journalling does not need to feel like a chore in your day.So come up with descriptions for your journalling that are inspiring and energising.__4__ These are what SARK refers to as the MicroMOVEments.Each MicroMOVEment is five minutes in length.So，in the case of journalling，that would represent a minimum of up to five minutes of journalling in one sitting，on any given day. Let's say you' re new to journalling.By setting aside five minutes out of your day，you could write one word in your notebook that sums up a feeling or an experience.__5__ The idea of the MicroMOVEment is to create easy steps to get your journal writing or writing projects moving.When you keep the steps small，it will become doable and achievable. A．Next，divide the rest of the circle into eight equal parts. B．It is the brainchild of international bestselling writer SARK. C．There are no hardandfast rules when it comes to journalling. D．Where to start and not having enough time were amongst the top responses. E．Daily tasks such as sweeping and washing are timeconsuming and laborious. F．Then，list any associated words，images or thoughts that are generated by the word. G．The medicine with this approach is breaking your actions down into the tiniest steps. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种名为The MicroMOVEment Wheel的方法可以让人坚持写日记。 1．【解析】　D　根据上文“Recently，I carried out an investigation to discover what it was that prevented people from journalling.(最近，我进行了一项调查，以发现是什么阻碍了人们写日记。)”可知，本句应承接上文，说明调查阻碍人们写日记问题的回答。故D选项“从哪里开始和没有足够的时间是最主要的回答。”符合语境，故选D。 2．【解析】　B　根据上一段“So，today，I want to introduce a very simple tool—The Micro MOVEment Wheel.It will help you pick up your journal even at times when you really don't feel like it.(所以，今天，我想介绍一个非常简单的工具——微动轮。它会帮助你拿起你的日记，即使有时你真的不喜欢它。)”后文“She describes creating this method so she could use it as a creative planning tool for her writing projects and goals.While it was originally aimed at writers，you can use this technique to help you complete any project in a fun and creative way.(她描述了创造这种方法，以便她可以将其作为写作项目和目标的创造性规划工具。虽然它最初是针对作家的，但您可以使用此技术以有趣和创造性的方式帮助您完成任何项目。)”可知，本句主要是在说明上文提到的“MicroMOVEment”是谁提出的，B选项“SARK”对应后文“She”。故B选项“它是国际畅销书作家SARK的创意。”符合语境，故选B。 3．【解析】　G　根据后文“Here's how it works.Take a blank sheet of paper and: draw a large circle，and then another smaller circle in the middle.In the centre circle，write down what you are inspired to achieve.Remember，journalling does not need to feel like a chore in your day.So come up with descriptions for your journalling that are inspiring and energising.(下面是它的工作原理。拿一张白纸，画一个大圆圈，然后在中间再画一个小圆圈。在中间的圆圈里，写下你想要实现的目标。记住，写日记不需要让你觉得每天都是一件苦差事。所以，为你的日记想出一个鼓舞人心、充满活力的描述。)”以及后文“So，in the case of journalling，that would represent a minimum of up to five minutes of journalling in one sitting，on any given day.(所以，在写日记的情况下，这意味着在任何一天，一次至少要写5分钟的日记。)”可知，本段主要介绍了工作原理，且后文提到了写日记的小步骤，可推测是把写日记的动作进行分解，故G选项“这种方法的妙处是把你的行动分解成最微小的步骤。”符合语境，故选G。 4．【解析】　A　根据上文“Take a blank sheet of paper and draw a large circle，and then another smaller circle in the middle.In the centre circle，write down what you are inspired to achieve.Remember，journalling does not need to feel like a chore in your day.So come up with descriptions for your journalling that are inspiring and energising.(拿一张白纸，画一个大圆圈，然后在中间再画一个小圆圈。在中间的圆圈里，写下你想要实现的目标。记住，写日记不需要让你觉得每天都是一件苦差事。所以，为你的日记想出一个鼓舞人心、充满活力的描述。)”以及后文“These are what SARK refers to as the MicroMOVEments.Each MicroMOVEment is five minutes in length.So，in the case of journalling，that would represent a minimum of up to five minutes of journalling in one sitting，on any given day.(这就是SARK所说的微运动。每个MicroMOVEment的长度为5分钟。所以，在写日记的情况下，这意味着在任何一天，一次至少要写5分钟的日记。)”可知，上文提到了画圆，在中间的圆圈里，写下你想要实现的目标，故本句应当是在说明接下来的步骤。故A选项“接下来，把剩下的圆分成8等份。”符合语境，故选A。 5．【解析】　F　根据上文“Let's say you' re new to journalling.By setting aside five minutes out of your day，you could write one word in your notebook that sums up a feeling or an experience.(假设你刚开始写日记。每天抽出五分钟，你可以在笔记本上写下一个词来总结你的感受或经历。)”以及后文“The idea of the MicroMOVEment is to create easy steps to get your journal writing or writing projects moving.(微运动的理念是创造简单的步骤，让你的日记写作或写作项目动起来。)”可知，上文提到了第一步，故本句是在说明接下来该怎么做，故F选项“然后，列出与这个词相关的单词、图像或想法。”符合语境，故选F。 11 (2025·合肥模拟) The Joys of College Often，we college students complain endlessly about all of the things we hate about college.And sure，college is really stressful and there are some aspects I don't like.__1__ The first thing I truly enjoy about being a college student is that I get to take classes that actually interest me.__2__ In college，learning doesn't feel like a chore(苦差事) to me any more because I actually get to design my schedule to my interests. The community at the university is also very important to me.We are all suffering here but we are all suffering together.__3__ I know I can complain to any fellow college student about the stress my assignments are causing and they will always understand. __4__ The campus parties，holiday markets，and concerts give us something to look forward to as we struggle our way through our classes.And a variety of club activities—like the Campus Times—make college life all the more exciting. The university presents us with so many unique opportunities as well.We are encouraged to study abroad，which allows students to experience student life in another country and dive into other cultures in the process.__5__ Students maybe even land a job prior to graduation. So although there are a lot of negatives of college—and I mean a lot—there are also a lot of positives.I know that when I graduate，I'm going to miss being a college student. A．After all，college can be very demanding. B．The fun activities and clubs are also a plus. C．But for once，I'd like to focus on the positives. D．Here，there are so many different fields to study. E．Additionally，being a trainee is a great way to get experience. F．The college experience can get bearable due to this community. G．It isn't like high school where you're required to take the same classes. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了大学的积极因素。 1．【解析】　C　由上文“Often，we college students complain endlessly about all of the things we hate about college.And sure，college is really stressful and there are some aspects I don't like.(我们大学生常常没完没了地抱怨我们讨厌大学的所有事情。当然，大学生活压力很大，有些方面我不喜欢。)”可知，本空要说跟“对大学的感受”有关的话题，由后文“The first thing I truly enjoy about being a college student is that I get to take classes that actually interest me.(作为一名大学生，我真正享受的第一件事是我可以上我真正感兴趣的课程。)”可知，本句要表达大学中的感觉好的事情，故C选项“But for once，I'd like to focus on the positives.(但这一次，我想把重点放在积极的方面。)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选C。 2．【解析】　G　由上文“The first thing I truly enjoy about being a college student is that I get to take classes that actually interest me.(作为一名大学生，我真正享受的第一件事是我可以上我真正感兴趣的课程。)”可知，本空要说跟“大学课程”有关的话题，故F选项“It isn't like high school where you're required to take the same classes.(这不像高中要求你上同样的课。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选G。 3．【解析】　F　由上文“The community at the university is also very important to me.We are all suffering here but we are all suffering together.(大学里的社团对我来说也很重要。我们都在受苦，但我们是一起受苦的。)”可知，本空要说跟“大学里的社团”有关的话题，故F选项“The college experience can get bearable due to this community.(由于有了这个社团，大学的经历是可以忍受的。)”能承接上文，符合题意。F项中的“community”与空前的“community”相对应。故选F。 4．【解析】　B　由下文“The campus parties，holiday markets，and concerts give us something to look forward to as we struggle our way through our classes.And a variety of club activities—like the Campus Times—make college life all the more exciting.(校园聚会、假日市场和音乐会让我们在努力学习的过程中有所期待。各种各样的社团活动——比如《校园时报》——使大学生活更加精彩。)”可知，本空要说跟“活动”有关的话题，故B选项“The fun activities and clubs are also a plus.(有趣的活动和俱乐部也是一个加分项。)”能引起下文，符合题意。故选B。 5．【解析】　E　由后文“Students maybe even land a job prior to graduation.(学生甚至可能在毕业前就找到一份工作。)”可知，本空要说跟“大学里的工作”有关的话题，故E选项“Additionally，being a trainee is a great way to get experience.(此外，成为一名实习生是获得经验的好方法。)”能引起下文，符合题意。故选E。 12 (2025·杭州模拟) “Second place is just the first loser.”is a wellknown saying from the NASCAR champion Dale Earnhardt. We may not want others to know our thoughts，but many of us think this way，because we are born to compete with each other.__1__ Fortunately，there is a way to solve this problem: instead of always going for gold，aim for the bronze. To expand on the wisdom of Earnhardt，although second place may be the first loser，third place can be the real winner，at least when it comes to happiness and longevity.A 1995 study discovered that bronze winners appeared consistently happier on average than silver medalists，while another research in 2018 studied US athletes in the Olympics from 1904 to 1936 and found that those whose best performance was silver lived to 72 on average.Gold medalists beat this by living to 76.__2__ __3__ Silver medalists see themselves as the first loser because they compare themselves only with the champions.In contrast，the bronze winners compare downwards with those who have never made it onto the podium at all.__4__ The emotion shows up in improved health and longevity. The worldly happiness strategy of working for gold every day is foolish.Stop spending most of your time feeling like a silver medalist: always pursuing and relying your happiness on a single outcome.__5__ A．But the first prize went to the bronze winners，who lived to 78. B．Therefore，they feel better about themselves and thus，happier. C．However，if left uncontrolled，this can create conflicts between ourselves and others. D．The social concepts of upward and downward comparison help explain the difference. E．The comparison is not from a feeling of ill will，but because rewards in life are relative. F．Comparing ourselves with the unlucky is a reliable technique for reducing a negative mood. G．Rather，aim for healthy competitions where you do your best without expecting to be the absolute winner. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为什么比赛的第三名获得者才是真正的赢家。 1．【解析】　C　根据上文“We may not want others to know our thoughts，but many of us think this way，because we are born to compete with each other.(我们可能不想让别人知道我们的想法，但我们中的许多人都这样想，因为我们生来就是为了相互竞争。)”以及下文“Fortunately，there is a way to solve this problem: instead of always going for gold，aim for the bronze.(幸运的是，有一种方法可以解决这个问题：不要总是追求金牌，而是要以铜牌为目标。)”可推知，我们互相竞争会产生问题。C项“然而，如果不加以控制，这可能会导致我们和他人发生冲突。”符合语境。故选C。 2．【解析】　A　根据上文“A 1995 study discovered that bronze winners appeared consistently happier on average than silver medalists，while another research in 2018 studied US athletes in the Olympics from 1904 to 1936 and found that those whose best performance was silver lived to 72 on average.Gold medalists beat this by living to 76.(1995年的一项研究发现，铜牌获得者似乎比银牌获得者平均更快乐，而2018年的另一项研究调查了1904年至1936年参加奥运会的美国运动员，发现那些最好成绩是银牌的人，平均寿命为72岁。金牌得主可以活到76岁。)”可知，第三名应该是最长寿的。A项“但寿命最长的是铜牌得主，他们活到了78岁。”符合语境。故选A。 3．【解析】　D　根据下文“Silver medalists see themselves as the first loser because they compare themselves only with the champions.In contrast，the bronze winners compare downwards with those who have never made it onto the podium at all.(银牌获得者认为自己是第一个失败者，因为他们只把自己和冠军比较。相比之下，铜牌获得者向下与那些从未登上领奖台的人比较。)”可知，他们不同的社会概念导致了这种差异。D项“向上比较和向下比较的社会概念有助于解释这种差异。”符合题意。故选D。 4．【解析】　B　根据上文“In contrast，the bronze winners compare downwards with those who have never made it onto the podium at all.(相比之下，铜牌获得者向下与那些从未登上领奖台的人比较。)”可知，本句与上文构成因果关系，指出铜牌获得者更幸福和长寿的原因。B选项“因此，他们自我感觉更好，因此更快乐。”符合语境。且下文中的“The emotion”与B选项中的“happier”相呼应。故选B。 5．【解析】　G　根据上文“The worldly happiness strategy of working for gold every day is foolish.Stop spending most of your time feeling like a silver medalist: always pursuing and relying your happiness on a single outcome.(每天为金钱而工作的世俗幸福策略是愚蠢的。不要把你的大部分时间都花在感觉自己像个银牌得主上：总是追求并依赖于一个单一的结果来获得你的幸福。)”可知，上文提到“不要把你的大部分时间都花在感觉自己像个银牌得主上：总是追求并依赖于一个单一的结果来获得你的幸福。”，故本句是在说明竞争的正确方式和心态。故G项“相反，你应该以健康地竞争为目标，尽你最大的努力，而不是期望成为绝对的赢家。”符合语境。故选G。 13 (2025·嘉兴测试) The Importance of Being Independent The ability to be independent is something not everyone possesses.__1__ And learning to support yourself is fundamental for any success you ever hope to achieve.At the end of the day，you only have yourself to fall back on，so it's very important to be able to handle things on your own. People rely on others far more than it is necessary.People put their happiness in the hands of a significant person，thinking this will bring them satisfaction.__2__ Should you always be dependent on someone else? Of course not.__3__ Therefore，you need to learn how to make decisions on your own.People are unable to be independent for a variety of reasons，with fear being the biggest: the fear of being alone，the fear of rejection and the fear of the future. However，there is no reason to base your life decisions on relationships with people.All relationships end at some point or another.__4__ The only thing you can do is alter your understanding of relationships.Instead of expecting them to make you happy by being in your life and providing enjoyment，appreciate the time spent and enjoyment since you know it will be gone. __5__ Don' t ask for advice，do what you want and learn from your own mistakes.Many people are afraid to think for themselves because that involves taking responsibility for their own lives.This is just one way people become dependent.We are born alone and we die alone，so we each have to take responsibility for our lives at every step along the way. A．There is nothing you can do to change or affect that. B．This is a serious error too many people make these days. C．Make decisions by and for yourself，whatever they may be. D．You can control your own life by making your own choices. E．However，you need to be independent in order to survive in the world. F．In any moment of decision，the best thing you can do is wait for the right time. G．Not only are you limiting yourself，you are also likely to become a burden to this person. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇议论文。文章主要围绕“独立”的重要性进行论述，阐述了独立对于个人成长和成功的重要性。 1．【解析】　E　根据空前“The ability to be independent is something not everyone possesses.(独立的能力不是每个人都具备的。)”可知，不是每个人都具备独立的能力。而空后“And learning to support yourself is fundamental for any success you ever hope to achieve.(学习支持自己是你想要获得成功的基础。)”可知，独立是成功的基础。选项E“However，you need to be independent in order to survive in the world.(然而，为了在这个世界上生存，你需要独立。)”承上启下，与上文存在转折关系，指的是虽然不是每个人都具备独立的能力，但是我们必须独立才能生存，同时引出下文，指出我们应该学会独立。故选E。 2．【解析】　B　根据空前“People rely on others far more than it is necessary.People put their happiness in the hands of a significant person，thinking this will bring them satisfaction.(人们对别人的依赖远远超过了必要的程度。人们把自己的幸福交到重要的人手里，以为这会给他们带来满足。)”可知，人们总是过度依赖别人。而根据下文“Should you always be dependent on someone else？Of course not.(你应该一直依赖别人吗？当然不是。)”可判断，总是依赖他人是不对的。选项B“This is a serious error too many people make these days.(这是现在很多人犯的严重错误。)”是上文内容的总结，指出人们总是过度依赖他人，这是错误的。故选B。 3．【解析】　G　根据空前内容“Should you always be dependent on someone else? Of course not.(你应该一直依赖别人吗？当然不是。)”可知，我们不应该总是依赖别人。选项G“Not only are you limiting yourself，you are also likely to become a burden to this person.(你不仅限制了自己，还可能成为对方的负担。)”是上文内容的自然延续，指的是如果我们总是依赖别人，我们不但限制了自己还可能成为对方的负担。故选G。 4．【解析】　A　根据空前内容“However，there is no reason to base your life decisions on relationships with people.All relationships end at some point or another.(然而，没有理由把你的人生决定建立在与人的关系上。所有的关系都有结束的时候。)”可知，所有的关系都有结束的时候；而根据下文“The only thing you can do is alter your understanding of relationships.(你唯一能做的就是改变你对人际关系的理解。)”可知，对于“所有的关系都有结束的时候”这件事，我们是无法改变的。选项A“There is nothing you can do to change or affect that.(你无法改变或影响这一点。)”承上启下，承接上文说明我们无法改变这一点，引出下文，我们只有改变自己对人际关系的理解。故选A。 5．【解析】　C　空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据下文内容“Don' t ask for advice，do what you want and learn from your own mistakes.Many people are afraid to think for themselves because that involves taking responsibility for their own lives.This is just one way people become dependent.We are born alone and we die alone，so we each have to take responsibility for our lives at every step along the way.(不要寻求建议，做你想做的，从自己的错误中吸取教训。许多人害怕独立思考，因为这涉及到为自己的生活负责。这只是人们变得依赖的一种方式。我们孤独地出生，孤独地死去，所以我们每个人都必须为自己生命中的每一步负责。)”可知，在本段中，作者建议我们做自己想做的，为自己的每一步负责。选项C“Make decisions by and for yourself，whatever they may be.(自己做决定，不管决定是什么。)”与本段内容相符，指出对于自己的人生，我们应该做出自己的决定。故选C。 14 (2025·长沙一模) What is IQ—and how much does it matter? __1__ In short，it is supposed to measure how well someone can use information and logic to answer questions or make predictions.IQ tests begin to assess this by measuring shortand longterm memory.They also measure how well people can solve puzzles and recall information they've heard—and how quickly. __2__ But some students struggle in school because of a weakness in one specific area of intelligence.These students often benefit from special education programs.There，they get extra help in the areas where they're struggling.IQ tests can help teachers figure out which students would benefit from such extra help. IQ tests can also help identify students who would do well in fastpaced“gifted education”programs.__3__ And the US government uses IQ tests when choosing who to hire.These tests help predict which people would make good leaders，or be better at certain specific skills. __4__ Most nonexperts think intelligence is the reason why successful people do so well.Psychologists who study intelligence find this is only partly true.IQ tests can predict how well people will do in particular situations，such as thinking abstractly in science，engineering or art，or leading teams of people.But there's more to the story.Extraordinary achievement depends on many things.And those extra categories include ambition，persistence，opportunity，the ability to think dearly—even luck.__5__ A．IQ plays a role in how successful we become. B．IQ is a measure of a person's reasoning ability. C．Every student can learn，no matter how intelligent. D．Intelligence helps，but so does interest and patience. E．It's tempting for people to read a lot into someone's IQ score. F．In a word，intelligence matters，but not as much as you might think. G．Many colleges and universities also use exams similar to IQ tests to select students. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了智商对成功有一定的作用，但并没有你想象的那么重要。 1．【解析】　B　上文“What is IQ—and how much does it matter？(什么是智商？它有多重要？)”提出什么是智商，空处应该对此做出回答，B项“智商是衡量一个人推理能力的标准。”符合语境。故选B。 2．【解析】　C　由下文“But some students struggle in school because of a weakness in one specific area of intelligence.(但有些学生在学校里表现不佳，是因为他们在某个特定的智力领域存在缺陷。)”的“But”可知，前后是转折关系，C项“不管多聪明，每个学生都能学习。”符合，与下文构成转折关系，表明每个学生都能学习，有聪明的地方，但存在某个特定的智力领域缺陷。故选C。 3．【解析】　G　上文“IQ tests can also help identify students who would do well in fastpaced ‘gifted education’ programs.(智商测试还可以帮助识别那些在快节奏的‘资优教育’项目中表现出色的学生。)”说明智商测验的用途，空处应该承接上文，继续对此进行介绍，G项“许多学院和大学也使用类似于智商测试的考试来选择学生。”符合语境。故选G。 4．【解析】　E　下文“Most nonexperts think intelligence is the reason why successful people do so well.(大多数非专业人士认为，智力是成功人士表现如此出色的原因。)”指出人们对别人的智商进行了一些解读，E项“人们很容易对别人的智商评分进行过多解读。”符合，下文中的“Most nonexperts”与E项中的“people”相呼应。故选E。 5．【解析】　F　上文“But there's more to the story.Extraordinary achievement depends on many things.And those extra categories include ambition，persistence，opportunity the ability to think dearly—even luck.(但事情远不止如此。非凡的成就取决于很多因素。这些额外的类别包括雄心壮志、坚持不懈、有机会深入思考的能力——甚至是运气。)”指出成就的取得由很多因素造成，智力并不是最重要的，由此可知，空处应该承接上文，F项“总之，智力很重要，但并没有你想象的那么重要。”总结上文，符合语境。故选F。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $