第2部分 2.阅读理解题之推理判断（PPT课件）-【艺术生百日冲刺】2026高考英语艺术生基础生文化课成功方案

该高中英语高考复习课件聚焦阅读理解核心模块，依据高考评价体系梳理了推理判断、情感态度、文体特点、写作意图等关键考查维度，通过归纳常考题型如推理判断题（高频考点）、情感态度题（重点题型），明确考点权重，构建了系统的答题思路框架。 课件亮点在于“考点拆解+技巧提炼+素养提升”的备考策略，如针对推理判断题，提炼“只推一步，避免绝对化词”原则，结合“3步定对象”（定主题、看群体、对号入座）培养学生分析和推断能力，提升思维品质。针对情感态度题，分类整理支持肯定、反对否定、中立客观词汇表，强化语言能力。同时归纳干扰选项类型（曲解文意、张冠李戴等），帮助学生规避陷阱，教师可据此开展精准训练，助力学生高效冲刺高考。

第二部分　阅读理解 二、阅读理解题之推理判断 第二部分　阅读理解 返回导航 1 第二部分　阅读理解 返回导航 1 第二部分　阅读理解 返回导航 1 第二部分　阅读理解 返回导航 1 第二部分　阅读理解 返回导航 1 第二部分　阅读理解 返回导航 1 第二部分　阅读理解 返回导航 1 第二部分　阅读理解 返回导航 1 第二部分　阅读理解 返回导航 1 第二部分　阅读理解 返回导航 1 第二部分　阅读理解 返回导航 1 第二部分　阅读理解 返回导航 1 第二部分　阅读理解 返回导航 1 第二部分　阅读理解 返回导航 1 第二部分　阅读理解 返回导航 1 第二部分　阅读理解 返回导航 1 第二部分　阅读理解 返回导航 1 第二部分　阅读理解 返回导航 1 第二部分　阅读理解 返回导航 1 第二部分　阅读理解 返回导航 1 第二部分　阅读理解 返回导航 1 第二部分　阅读理解 返回导航 1 第二部分　阅读理解 返回导航 1 第二部分　阅读理解 返回导航 1 第二部分　阅读理解 返回导航 1 第二部分　阅读理解 返回导航 1 第二部分　阅读理解 返回导航 1 第二部分　阅读理解 返回导航 1 第二部分　阅读理解 返回导航 1 第二部分　阅读理解 返回导航 1 第二部分　阅读理解 返回导航 1 第二部分　阅读理解 返回导航 1 第二部分　阅读理解 返回导航 1 第二部分　阅读理解 返回导航 1 谢谢观看 第二部分　阅读理解 返回导航 1 推理判断是指在理解原文字面意思的基础上，通过对语篇逻辑关系的分析和细节的推敲，作出一定的判断和推理，从而理解文章的深层含义的过程。推理判断题主要考查考生分析上下文逻辑关系的能力以及逻辑推理能力。题目所涉及的内容可能是某几句话，要求考生在理解原文意思的基础上，对文章字面信息进行分析、挖掘、逻辑推理，从而揭示其深层含义。纵观近几年高考真题，推断隐含信息、观点态度、写作意图为高频考点，而推断读者对象、后续内容、文章体裁、写作手法、文章结构和文章出处为低频考点。 【选项特征】 技法一 隐含信息题——关键词句细推敲 隐含信息题要求考生根据语篇内容，推断具体细节，如时间、地点、人物关系、人物身份、事件等。一般可根据语篇提供的信息，或者借助语境进行推理判断。考生只有正确把握文章的逻辑关系，理解关键词句的真正含义，才能作出准确的推断。一般此类题干中主要包括六个动词：infer(推断)，indicate(表明，暗示)，imply(暗示)，suggest(暗示)，conclude(得出结论)和assume(假定，设想)。设问方式多以如下形式出现： 1．Which of the following best describes Piet Oudolf's gardens？(2025·浙江卷1月·30) 2．Why is it difficult to create genderless objects？(2025·浙江卷1月·34) 3．Who are the people mentioned at the beginning of paragraph 1？(2025·全国一卷·24) 4．What can be inferred about the author's early life？(2025·全国二卷·32) 5．What can we infer from paragraph 3 about Krasnoyarsk？(2024·全国甲卷·29) 6．What is Daru's suggestion for biodiversity apps？(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷·35) 7．What does the author imply in the last paragraph？(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷·31) 8．What can we learn from the example given in paragraph 5？(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷·34 ) 解此类试题常用“推敲关键词句”法。解题流程如下： 【真题体验】　(2025·全国一卷·25) But things were different for their first essay，which was about the question：“ Why is writing important？”Most of the essays filled less than one page，and few contained a sentence that could be interpreted as a thesis (论点) statement.I was shocked.Then I realized that the problem was the question itself.They could have written pages on the necessity of computers，but writing，in and of itself，simply didn't strike them as important.This would have to change. 25．Why did the students perform poorly in writing their first essay? A.They were not given enough time. B.They had a very limited vocabulary. C.They misunderstood the question. D.They had little interest in the topic. 【解析】　推理判断题。根据第二段前两句可知，学生的第一篇作文的题目是“写作为什么重要？”，结果大多数文章篇幅不足一页，几乎没有能被称作论点的句子，即学生写作表现不好。然后作者对此进行了思考，意识到问题出在题目本身，学生本可以就电脑的必要性写几页文字，却压根不觉得写作本身有何重要。再结合第三段的“This time they found the exercise much more interesting.”可推知，学生们的第一篇文章写得不好是因为学生对写作的重要性缺乏理解，对话题缺乏兴趣。故选D。 【答案】　D 技法二 观点态度题——“忠于措辞”定选项 此类试题往往让考生推断文章作者或文中人物对某事物所持的态度、观点或看法，或推断文中人物的语气、性格等。观点和态度一般分为三大类：①支持、赞同、乐观；②客观、中立；③反对、批评、怀疑、悲观。作者或文中人物的这种思想倾向和感情色彩往往隐含在文章的字里行间。因此，在推断过程中，应特别注意文中的措辞，尤其是表达感情色彩的形容词或副词。解这类题要注意不可掺杂个人观点，不能带着主观倾向评价作者或他人，要基于原文的措辞作出客观的判断。设问方式多以如下形式出现： 1．What do some of Farber's coworkers think of him？(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷·24) 2. What can be concluded about BMF employees？(2024·北京卷·10) 3．What is the author's attitude toward Navajas' studies？(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·35) 4．What does the author think of Weiner's book？(2023·全国甲卷·31) 5．How does the author find his photos taken at Devil's Lake？(2023·全国乙卷·27) 6．What do people usually think of British food？(2023·全国乙卷·28) 7．What was the attitude of the author's father toward buying groceries with jars？(2023·浙江卷1月·25) 解此类试题常用“忠于措辞”法。解题流程如下： 【真题体验】　(2025·浙江卷1月·25) According to Charlotte Markey，a professor of psychology，food is one of the rare subjects where，as parents，saying less is more.“ There are so many things in parenting that are good to talk through，but I'm not convinced that food is one of them，” she says.“It just creates some worries and insecurities in kids that aren't necessarily healthy.” 25．Which of the following would Markey disapprove of? A.Allowing kids to eat cookies occasionally. B.Offering various foods to kids at fixed times. C.Explaining to kids the risks of taking snacks. D.Talking with kids about school at mealtimes. 【解析】　推理判断题。根据第二段Charlotte Markey所说的话“There are so many things in parenting that are good to talk through，but I'm not convinced that food is one of them”可知，在养育子女时，很多事情是值得详细讨论的，但食物不在其中，故C项“向孩子解释吃零食的风险”是Charlotte Markey不主张的。故选C。 【答案】　C 技法三 写作意图题——文体特点推意图 各种话题的阅读材料都可能考查写作目的/意图。通常情况下，作者在文中不直接陈述自己的意图，而是通过文中所列事物使读者感受到其所传递的想法。所以，这种题型要求考生具备对作者阐述的内容进行总结和分析的能力。设问方式多以如下形式出现： 一、整篇文章的写作目的/意图： 1．What is the author's purpose in writing this passage？(2021·天津6月·40) 2．What is the purpose of this text？(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷·31) 二、具体段落的写作目的/意图： 1．What is the author's purpose in mentioning Fuzhou？(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·26) 2．Why does the author list great philosophers in paragraph 4？(2023·全国甲卷·29) 3．Why does the author mention Noa Ovadia in the first paragraph？(2023·浙江卷1月·28) 4．What is the purpose of the laws mentioned in paragraph 4？(2023·浙江卷1月·34) 解此类试题常用“文体特点推意图”法。解题流程如下： 【真题体验】　 (2023·全国甲·C片段) ... Weiner starts each chapter with a scene on a train ride between cities and then frames each philosopher’s work in the context(背景) of one thing they can help us do better.The end result is a read in which we learn to wonder like Socrates，see like Thoreau，listen like Schopenhauer，and have no regrets like Nietzsche.This，more than a book about understanding philosophy，is a book about learning to use philosophy to improve a life. ... 29．Why does the author list great philo­sophers in paragraph 4? A.To compare Weiner with them. B.To give examples of great works. C.To praise their writing skills. D.To help readers understand Weiner's book. 【解析】　写作意图题。根据本段中的“Weiner starts each chapter with a scene on a train ride between cities and then frames each philosopher's work in the context(背景) of one thing they can help us do better.The end result is a read in which we learn to wonder like Socrates，see like Thoreau，listen like Schopenhauer，and have no regrets like Nietzsche.”可知，作者在第四段开头描写了Weiner的书的内容，接着作者通过列举几位伟大的哲学家来描写读完这本书后我们能从中学到的东西，由此可推知，作者列举几位伟大的哲学家是为了帮助读者理解Weiner的书。故选D。 【答案】　D 技法四 推断低频题——内容细节巧判断 这类考题考查频率较低，常包括读者对象题、后续内容题、文章体裁题、写作手法题、文章结构题和文章出处题等。一般来讲，读者对象推断题要求考生根据短文内容和文中的措辞推断文章的读者对象；后续内容推断题要求考生能根据整篇文章的情节发展预测文章的后续内容，这种题型对考生的能力要求较高；文章体裁题要求考生根据文章的行文风格对文章体裁作出判断，如新闻报道、书评、传记、导游手册等；写作手法题主要考查整篇文章或某个段落的写作手法；文章结构题需要考生对文章结构，如总－分或总－分－总等进行分析；文章出处题要求考生具备一定的常识，能够根据文章的体裁和题材来推断文章的出处或类别。设问方式多以如下形式出现： 1．Where is the text most probably taken from？(2023·新高考Ⅱ·28) 2．What might the author continue talking about？(2023·全国乙·31) 3．Which of the following books is the text most likely selected from？(2023·全国乙·35) 4．Where is this text probably taken from？(2022·新高考Ⅰ·21) 5．What is the text？(2022·全国乙·27) 解此类试题常用“内容细节巧判断”法。解题流程如下： 【真题体验】　 (2023·新高考Ⅱ·C片段) ... In this “book of books”，artworks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these connections between different eras and cultures.We see scenes of children learning to read at home or at school，with the book as a focus for relations between the generations.Adults are portrayed(描绘) alone in many settings and poses—absorbed in a volume，deep in thought or lost in a moment of leisure.These scenes may have been painted hundreds of years ago，but they record moments we can all relate to. ... Continued developments in communication technologies were once believed to make the printed page outdated.From a 21st­century point of view，the printed book is certainly ancient，but it remains as interactive as any battery­powered e­reader.To serve its function，a book must be activated by a user：the cover opened，the pages parted，the contents reviewed，perhaps notes written down or words underlined.And in contrast to our increasingly networked lives where the information we consume is monitored and tracked，a printed book still offers the chance of a wholly private，“off­line” activity. 28．Where is the text most probably taken from? A．An introduction to a book. B．An essay on the art of writing. C．A guidebook to a museum. D．A review of modern paintings. 【解析】　文章出处题。依内容判出处，根据语段中的“In this ’book of books’，artworks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these connections between different eras and cultures.”以及最后一段中的“From a 21st­century point of view，the printed book is certainly ancient，but it remains as interactive as any battery­powered e­reader.”可推知，本文最有可能出自一本印刷书的扉页，即对该书的介绍。故选A。 【答案】　A $