专题01 Units 1～2教材核心知识串讲（期末复习讲义）八年级英语上学期新教材仁爱科普版

该初中英语期末复习讲义通过表格对比和分层梳理构建Units 1~2知识体系，涵盖30个核心知识点，如together with与work with的区别、try to do与try doing的用法等，用对比表格（如some day/one day时间范围对比）和例句解析呈现知识脉络，突出重难点内在联系，助力学生夯实语言能力基础。 讲义亮点在于分层练习设计与情境化方法指导，基础通关巩固单选中的语法辨析，重难突破通过语篇填空强化with复合结构等复杂知识点，链接中考真题融入文化传承素材（如苏东波故事）。每个知识点附“易混易错点拨”，如辨析put on/wear/dress的动作与状态，培养学生思维品质，教师可据此实施精准分层教学，学生自主复习时能明确薄弱点。

专题01 Units 1~2教材核心知识串讲（期末复习讲义） 单元 知识点 常考题型 命题趋势 Unit 1-2 1.together with2.happen to 3.maybe 4.because 5.some day 与 one day6.try to do sth. 与 try doing sth. 7.keep用法8.hear 9.protect10.put on 11.join 12.prepare for13.with 的复合结构14.hard work 15.succeed 16.teach 17.come true 18.as long as 19.hope to do sth. 20.help sb. with sth. 21.become interested in 22.it's (not) + adj. + to do sth. 23.will 与 be going to 区别 感叹句 24.辨析: relax，relaxed 和relaxing 25.watch 26.have difficulty (in) doing sth. 27.strict，28.besides，except和but harm， 29.electronic，30.pleasant 单项选择 语法选择 语法填空等 1.注重素养：更加注重对学生英语核心素养的考查。 2.情境化突出：借助生活、学校、社会等多种情境，将语法考察与实际生活相结合。 3.文化传承与价值导向明显：注重选取具有文化内涵和思想价值的语篇。 知识点01 together with... 与 work with 的区别 together with... 介词短语，意为 “与…… 一起；和…… 一同”，强调伴随关系， 遵循 “就远原则”：当连接主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式由 together with 前面的主语决定，与后面的伴随对象无关。 e.g. Lucy, together with her parents, is visiting the museum. 露西和她的父母正在参观博物馆。(谓语 “is” 由 “Lucy” 决定) work with 动词短语，意为 “与…… 一起工作；和…… 协作”, 在句中作谓语，后接宾语（人或团队）。 e.g. She works with her colleagues on this project. 她和同事们一起做这个项目。 知识点02 happen to ... “某人 / 某物发生了某事”，强调事情意外或偶然发生。 特殊疑问句：What happened to + 人 / 物？（…… 怎么了？） 陈述句：Sth. happened to + 人 / 物.（某人 / 某物发生了某事。） e.g. —What happened to your bike? —It looks broken. 你的自行车怎么了？看起来坏了。 A car accident happened to his father last week. 他爸爸上周出了车祸。 注意：happen 是不及物动词，不能用于被动语态（不能说 “Somebody was happened...”）。 主语通常是 “something”“what” 等表示事情的词，宾语是 “人 / 物”，即 “事情发生在人 / 物身上”。 易｜错｜点｜拨 happen to do sth. 表示 “偶然做某事；碰巧做某事”。 e.g. I happened to meet my old friend in the park. 我碰巧在公园遇到了老朋友。 —What ___B____ to your cat? It’s not active today. —It got hurt. A. happen B. happened C. happens 知识点03 maybe adv. “也许；可能；大概”，用于表示推测或不确定的语气。 maybe 是副词，单独使用； may be 是 “情态动词 may + 动词原形 be”, 在句中作谓语, 意为 “可能是”。 e.g. Maybe he is at home. 也许他在家。 He may be at home. 他可能在家。 ____B___ we will move to a new city some day. A. May be B. Maybe C. Probable 知识点04 some day 与 one day 用法 some day one day 时间范围 仅指未来（将来某一天） 可指过去（曾经某一天）或未来（将来某一天） 语境侧重 强调不确定性，常用于愿望、推测 可用于过去的经历或未来的计划，语气更灵活 时态搭配 与一般将来时连用 表示过去时, 与一般过去时连用； 表示未来时, 与一般将来时连用 例句 Some day we will live on Mars. One day I met an old friend in the street. One day I’ll learn to play the piano. If you don’t stop working hard, you ____C____ some day. A. succeed B. succeeded C. will succeed D. have succeeded 知识点05 because conj.“因为”，引导原因状语从句，后接句子。 注意：because不能与 so “所以” 同时使用，二者选其一。because引导原因状语从句，而 so 连接并列句，表示结果。 e.g. ❌ Because trains run overnight, so workers work at night. 因为火车夜间运行，所以工人要上班。(中文思维常见错误！需二选一。) 易｜错｜点｜拨 because of 介词短语，“因为” ，后接名词、代词或动名词。 e.g. He was late _____because of____ the rain. 他迟到是因为下雨。 He was late ___because__ it rained. 他迟到是因为天下雨了。 知识点06 make sth. + n. “使某物成为……” 结构：使役动词 make + 宾语（sth.）+ 名词（n. 作宾语补足语）。 e.g. Hard work can make dreams a reality. 努力能使梦想成为现实。 易｜错｜点｜拨 make 的其他常见结构 make sth. + adj. “使某物……”（形容词作宾补，强调状态） e.g. Exercise makes us strong. 运动使我们强壮。 make sb. do sth. “使某人做某事”（省略不定式符号 to 的不定式作宾补） e.g. The teacher makes us read English every morning. 老师让我们每天早上读英语。 My little brother is funny. He often makes me ___B_____. A. laughing B. laugh C. to laugh D. laughs 知识点07 try to do sth. 与 try doing sth. try to do sth.：强调 “努力、尽力做某事”，侧重目的是完成动作。 e.g. She tries to finish her homework before dinner.她努力在晚饭前完成作业。 try doing sth.：强调 “尝试做某事”，侧重通过尝试看是否有效果，不一定追求完成。 e.g. Why not try eating more vegetables? 为什么不试试多吃点蔬菜呢？ 1.We should try ___B_____ English well. A. learn B. to learn C. learning D. learns 2.We should try our best ____C____ the environment. A. protect B. protecting C. to protect D. protected 知识点08 protect protect v. → protection n. 保护 environment protection 环境保护 易｜错｜点｜拨 protect...from... 保护…… 免受…… 的伤害 e.g. We wear masks to protect ourselves from the cold. 我们戴口罩保护自己免受寒冷侵袭。 Wearing sunglasses can help protect our eyes ____A___ the sunshine in summer. A. from B. with C. by D. of 知识点09 keep用法： keep + 宾语 + 形容词​表示 “使…… 保持某种状态” 例句：We should keep the room clean.（我们应该保持房间干净。） keep + 宾语 + 现在分词​表示 “使…… 一直做某事”，强调动作持续进行​ 例句：The noise kept me waiting all night.（噪音让我等了一整晚。） keep doing sth​表示 “继续做某事；一直做某事”​ 例句：He kept running until he reached the finish line.（他一直跑，直到到达终点线。） keep on doing sth​表示 “反复做某事；继续做某事”，强调动作的反复性和决心​ 例句：She kept on trying although she failed many times.（尽管失败了很多次，她还是继续尝试。） 知识点10 hear v. “听见；听到”，强调 “听” 的结果。 hear 的常见结构： hear + sth. 听见某物 / 某事（强调结果）。 e.g. I heard a loud noise outside. 我听到外面有很大的噪音。 hear sb. do sth. 听见某人做某事（强调动作的全过程或经常性动作，省略不定式符号 to）。 e.g. She often hears her neighbor sing in the morning.她经常早上听到邻居唱歌。 hear sb. doing sth. 听见某人正在做某事（强调动作正在进行）。 e.g. I heard him talking on the phone when I passed by. 我路过时听见他正在打电话。 hear of/about 听说（某事 / 某人），表示间接得知信息。 e.g. Have you heard of this new movie? 你听说过这部新电影吗？ hear from “收到…… 的来信 / 消息 / 电话等” e.g. He often hears from his pen pal. 他经常收到笔友的来信。 对比：listen 侧重 “听的动作或过程”，常与 to 搭配（listen to sth.）。 e.g. Listen! Can you hear the birds singing? 听！你能听到鸟在唱歌吗 知识点11 put on 动词短语，意为 “穿上；戴上; 上演；增加（体重）”， 强调 “穿戴” 的动作过程。 put on + 衣物/饰品(如衣服、帽子、眼镜等)。 注意：代词作宾语时需放在 put 和 on 之间（put it/them on）。 易｜错｜点｜拨 put on 与 wear, dress 的区别 词汇 含义 用法重点 例句 put on 穿上;戴上 强调动作, 后接具体衣物 She put on her coat before going out. 她出门前穿上了外套。 wear 穿着;戴着 强调状态, 后接衣物或饰品 He wears glasses every day. 他每天戴眼镜。 dress 给…穿衣;打扮 后接人(dress sb.), 或表状态(dress in + 颜色/材质) Mom dresses the baby every morning. 妈妈每天早上给宝宝穿衣。 知识点12 join v. “加入；参加”，强调 “成为某个组织、团体或活动的一员”，后接组织、团队、俱乐部等名词（如 team, club, army 等）。 join sb.（加入某人，和某人一起做某事） e.g. Come and join us for dinner. 来和我们一起吃晚饭吧。 join in + 活动（参与某项活动，侧重中途加入） e.g. They joined in the discussion happily. 他们开心地加入了讨论。 同义短语：take part in 参加具体活动、会议、比赛等。 e.g. She took part in the school sports meeting. 她参加了学校运动会。 Since you have __C__ the tennis club, why not ____ the tennis match? A. joined; join B. joined in; join in C. joined; join in D. joined in; join 知识点13 prepare for 动词短语，意为 “为…… 做准备”，后接名词/代词/动名词。 e.g. We are preparing for the exam. 我们在为考试做准备。 prepare to do sth. 准备做某事 e.g. She is preparing to give a speech at the meeting next week. 她正在准备下周在会议上发言。 同义短语：be/get ready for 为…… 做好准备 e.g. They are getting ready for the trip. 他们在为旅行做准备。 知识点14 with 的复合结构：with + 宾语 + 宾语补足语。 其中宾语通常是名词或代词，宾语补足语通常是 doing、to do、done、介词短语、形容词或副词。该结构常作伴随、方式、原因、条件等状语。 e.g. I like to sleep with the windows open. 我喜欢开着窗户睡觉。 With a lot of work to do, he can’t go out. 他有很多工作要做，不能外出。 He walked in the classroom with a book in his hand. 他走进教室，手里拿着一本书。 1.通过努力，他的梦想变成了现实。（完成译句） ___With hard work__, his dream has turned into a reality. 2.北京作为有着悠久历史的中国的首都而闻名。 Beijing is famous for the capital of China with a long history. without prep. “没有；不借助”，后接名词、代词或动名词。 易｜错｜点｜拨 与 with（有；伴随）构成反义 e.g. She left with a smile. 她微笑着离开。→ She left without a word. 她一言不发地离开了。 without doing sth. 表示 “不做某事” e.g. He went out without saying goodbye. 他没说再见就出去了。 The driver stopped the bus without ____B____ twice. A. think B. thinking C. to think D. thought 知识点15 keep doing sth. “持续不断地做某事 / 坚持做某事”，强调动作的持续性、重复性，不表示动作的一次性完成。 ‌ e.g. She keeps __working__ late every night. 她每天晚上都加班到很晚。 ‌ He keeps asking the same question. 他反复问同一个问题。 He keeps practicing the piano every day. 他每天坚持练习钢琴。 易｜错｜点｜拨 否定形式：keep from doing sth. “避免做某事；阻止做某事”。 e.g. She kept from laughing at his funny expression. 她忍住没对他滑稽的表情笑出来。‌ 知识点16 hard work 是名词短语，hard 此处为形容词，意为 “艰苦的；努力的”，修饰不可数名词 work “工作;付出”，表示 “辛勤的努力；艰苦的工作”。 拓展：·work hard 动词短语，“努力工作 / 学习” e.g. He works hard every day. 他每天努力工作。 hard-working 形容词，“勤奋的；努力的”，修饰人。 e.g. She is a hard-working student. 她是个勤奋的学生。 对比：hard work (名词短语, 作主语/宾语) 与 work hard (动词短语, 作谓语) e.g. Hard work brings success. 辛勤的努力带来成功。（作主语） We need to work hard for our dreams. 我们需要为梦想努力。（作谓语） 知识点17 succeed 不及物动词, “成功；达成目标”，不直接接宾语。 e.g. Many people succeed by never giving up. 许多人因永不放弃而成功。若需表达 “在某方面成功” 或 “成功做某事”，需搭配介词 in： succeed in (doing) sth. “在某方面成功” /“成功做某事” e.g. He succeeded in passing the exam after months of study. 经过数月的学习，他成功通过了考试。 易｜错｜点｜拨 名词形式 success “成功；成功的人/事” 。作不可数名词表示 “成功”这一抽象概念，作可数名词表示 “成功的人或事”。 e.g. Hard work leads to success. 努力通向成功。（不可数） The project was a great success. 这个项目非常成功。（可数） 形容词形式 successful “成功的”，搭配: be successful in (doing) sth.。 e.g. She is successful in her career. 她在事业上很成功。 用 “succeed”“success” 或 “successful” 填空： Her __success__ came from hard work, and she ___succeeded____ in becoming a ___successful___ scientist. 知识点18 teach 及物动词， “教；讲授；告诉；启示”。 常见结构：teach sb. sth. 教某人某事 e.g. She teaches us English. 她教我们英语。 teach sb. to do sth. 教某人做某事 e.g. My dad taught me to ride a bike. 爸爸教我骑自行车。 teach + 人 + that 从句 告诉某人某个道理 e.g. Life teaches us that hard work matters. 生活告诉我们努力很重要。 拓展：名词形式 teacher “教师”，指 “从事教学工作的人”。 e.g. Her mother is a math teacher. 她妈妈是一名数学老师。 短语：teach oneself “自学” e.g. He taught himself to play the guitar. 他自学弹吉他。 知识点19 come true 不及物动词短语， “实现；成为现实”，主语通常是 “梦想、愿望、目标” 等抽象名词，不能用于被动语态。 e.g. If you work hard, your dream will come true. 如果你努力，梦想就会实现。 易｜错｜点｜拨 同义表达：realize one’s dream 实现梦想，但 realize 是及物动词，主语通常是人。 e.g. She finally realized her dream of becoming a singer. 她最终实现了当歌手的梦想。 对比：梦想作主语：Her dream came true. 她的梦想实现了。 人作主语：She realized her dream. 她实现了梦想。 知识点20 as long as “只要；如果”，引导条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时表将来，主句用一般将来时（即遵循“主将从现”原则）或情态动词。 结构：主句（主句用一般将来时/情态动词/祈使句） + as long as + 条件从句（从句用一般现在时）。 e.g. You can succeed as long as you keep trying. 只要你坚持尝试,就能成功。 As long as you study hard, you’ll pass the exam. 只要你努力学习，就会通过考试。 注意：as long as 还可表示 “长达…… 时间”，后接时间段。 e.g. We stayed in Beijing as long as two weeks. 我们在北京待了长达两周。 1. ____A__ we keep on trying, our dreams will come true one day. A. As long as B. Even if C. In order that D. So that 知识点21 hope to do sth. 希望做某事 否定形式：hope not to do sth.希望不做某事 hope to + 动词原形（不能用 “hope sb. to do sth.”，这是常见错误！ 若表达 “希望某人做某事”，需用宾语从句：hope (that) sb. will do sth.）。 e.g. I hope (that) you will pass the exam. 我希望你能通过考试。 They hoped to finish the project on time. 他们希望按时完成项目。 —Your cousin hopes you ____B____ to her fashion show tomorrow. —All right! A. to come B. will come C. is going to come D. comes 知识点22 help sb. with sth. “在某方面帮助某人”，sth.可以是名词/动名词。 同义结构：help sb. (to) do sth. “帮助某人做某事”，to 可省略。 e.g. She helps me with my homework. = She helps me __(to) do___ my homework. 她辅导我做作业。 易｜错｜点｜拨 help oneself to sth. “请自便” (用于招待客人)。 e.g. Help yourself to some fruit. 请随便吃点水果。 help out 帮忙解决困难 e.g. He often helps out in the community. 他经常在社区帮忙。 用 “help...with...” 或 “help...(to) do...” 填空： 1.Tom often __helps__ his sister __with___ her English. 2.Mom __helps___ me __(to)___ clean the room every weekend. 知识点23 become interested in “开始对…… 感兴趣”，become是系动词，意为 “变得；成为”。 对比：be interested in 强调 “处于感兴趣的状态”, 而 become interested in强调 “转变为感兴趣的状态” (强调变化过程)。 同义短语：get interested in “开始对…… 产生兴趣” e.g. He __became/got__ interested in painting after watching an art show.看了艺术展后，他开始对绘画感兴趣。 知识点24 it's (not) + adj. + to do sth. 表示 “做某事（不）是…… 的”，其中 it 是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语 to do sth.。 作用：避免句子头重脚轻 (当不定式短语较长时，用 it 代替其位置，使句子更平衡)。 e.g. It is easy to finish the homework in an hour. 一小时内完成作业很容易。 易｜错｜点｜拨 同义结构转换：不定式短语作真正主语时，可将其置于句首。 e.g. To learn English well is important. 学好英语很重要。= ___It is important to learn___ English well. 知识点25 will 与 be going to 的核心用法区别 维度 will + 动词原形 be going to + 动词原形 计划与否 强调临时决定或未提前计划的将来动作。 强调事先计划好、有意图的将来动作。 预测依据 表示无客观证据的预测 （基于主观判断、猜测）。 表示有客观证据的预测（根据迹象推断某事即将发生）。 特殊场景 用于意愿、承诺、请求、命令等情感或态度表达。 无此类情感表达，仅聚焦 “计划” 或 “迹象性 拓展：其他表示将来的结构 1. 表示位置移动的动词 go、come、leave、fly、start、meet、move 等，可以用现在进行时表示将要发生的事。 e.g. —When are you starting out? 你什么时候出发？ —I’m leaving tomorrow. 我明天离开。 2. 一般现在时表示将来。 1）表示按计划要发生的事。例如：e.g. The train leaves/arrives at 10:45. 火车 10 点 45 分开/到。 2）在时间状语从句或条件状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来。 e.g. When she comes, I’ll tell her about it. 她来时我将把这件事告诉她。 If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, I’ll go to the zoo. 如果明天不下雨, 我将去动物园。 易｜错｜点｜拨 There be 句型用在一般将来时中，其结构为：There will be .../There is/are going to be ... e.g. There will be a meeting in this hall this afternoon. 这个厅今天下午有个会。 There is going to be an art festival next weekend. 下周末将有一个艺术节。 知识点26 感叹句 “How＋形容词/副词＋主语＋谓语！”。 E.g. How clever the boy is! 这个男孩真聪明啊！ 注意: how引导的感叹句可替换成what引导的感叹句。 "What+(a/an）＋形容词＋名词＋主语＋谓语！”。 E.g. What a clever boy he is！这个男孩真聪明啊！ 1. ___D____ big the fire is! And ______ brave young man Zhang Hua is! A.What; What a B. What a; How C. How; How D. How; What a 2.我把雨伞落在公交车上了。我是多么健忘啊！I left my umbrella on the bus. How forgetful I was! 知识点27 辨析: relax，relaxed 和relaxing 单词 词性 意思 用法 relax 动词 （使）放松；休息；放松 精神（思想） 常作谓语，后面跟反身代词。 relaxed 形容词 放松的；冷静的；镇定的 常作表语形容人的状态，可构成短语 be relaxed about sth.。 relaxing 形容词 有助于休息的；令人放松的；轻松的 常作定语，修饰物。 Li Ming often relaxes himself by listening to light music. 李明经常通过听轻音乐来放松自己。 I'm relaxed about my final exam now. 现在我对期末考试感到很放松。 This is a relaxing song, and I often listen to it after work. 这是一首令人放松的歌，我经常在下班后听。 知识点28 by watching 意为“通过观察”，介词by后加动词的动名词形式表示“通过做某事”。 E.g. I improve my English by listening to English songs. 我通过听英文歌来提高我的英语。 by的相关用法 短语 意思及用法 by＋交通工具 乘坐某种交通工具 by＋the＋名词 在······旁边；靠近······ by＋时间 不迟于；在······之前 by＋人称代词／反身代词 由某人自己（完成某事） I often go to school by bus. 我常坐公交车去上学。 We live in a big house by the river. 我们住在河边的一间大房子里。 We need to finish our work by 6:00 p.m. 我们需要在下午6点前完成工作。 Lili often goes to school by herself. 丽丽经常独自一人去上学。 知识点29 watch sb／sth．doing sth．意为“观看某人／某物正在做某事”，强调某个动作正在进行。此时watch 在这里作动词，意为“看；注视；观看；观察”，后跟动词原形或动名词形式。 E.g. She happily watched the boys playing football on the playground.她开心地看着男孩们在操场上踢足球。 watch sb.／sth. do sth. 意为“观看某人／某物做某事”，强调观看某个经常发生的动作或某人做某事的全过程。 E.g. He watched the cat catch that mouse. 他看到这只猫抓住了那只老鼠。 知识点30 have difficulty (in) doing sth. “在做某事方面有困难”，介词 "in" 通常可以省略，直接接动名词， 这是最常见的形式。 E.g. I have difficulty (in) understanding spoken English. 我在理解英语口语方面有困难。 知识点31 strict，形容词，意为“要求严格的；严厉的；严谨的”。 be strict with sb. 意为“对某人要求严格”。 E.g. Lili’s parents are very strict with her. 丽丽的父母对她要求十分严格。 be strict about sth. 意为“对某事要求严格”。 E.g. My parents want me to study hard and are strict about my homework.我父母希望我能努力学习并对我的作业要求很严。 The teacher ____C____ the students, but they still like him a lot. A.is popular with B. is good with C. is strict with 知识点32 besides，except和but 单词 意思 用法 besides 除······以外（还） 指除此之外还有。 except 除······之外 指把某物排除在外。 but 除了；除······之外 通常与no one、no、nothing、nobody等表示否定的词连用。 I like autumn besides spring. 除了春季以外我还喜欢秋季。 Everyone in my family likes watching football games except my mother.我家除了我妈妈外每个人都喜欢看足球比赛。 There is nothing but a book in my bag.我包里除了一本书外什么也没有。 知识点33 harm，动词，意为“损害；伤害”。 E.g. Smoking can harm our lungs.吸烟伤肺。 拓展： ① do harm to意为“伤害；损害”，此时harm为名词，意为“伤害；损害”。 E.g. Playing computer games too long does harm to our eyes. 玩电脑游戏太长时间伤害我们的眼睛。 ② be harmful to意为“对······有伤害的”。harmful为harm的形容词形式，意为“（尤指对健康或环境）有害的；导致损害的”，可与短语do harm to互换。 E.g. Smoking is harmful to our health. =Smoking does harm to our health. 吸烟有害健康。 Playing computer games ____B____ our eyes. You had better not play them. A. is good for B.is harmful to C. is helpful to Relying too heavily on AI might do harm ___C____ people’s thinking abilities. A. of B. with C. to D. for 知识点34 electronic，形容词，意为“电子的；电子器件的”。 Wang Lei wants to be an engineer who develops electronic things.王磊想成为一名研发电子产品的工程师。 electronic，electric 和 electricity 单词 词性 意思 用法 electronic 形容词 电子的；电子 器件的 常作定语。 electric 形容词 电的；用电的； 电动的；发电的 常作定语。 electricity 不可数名词 电；电能 可作主语或宾语。 E.g. I prefer electronic dance music. 我更喜欢电子舞曲。 The sunshine can be changed into electricity. 太阳光可以转化为电能。 Now electric cars are very popular in China. 现在电动汽车在中国非常受欢迎。 知识点35 “pleasant” 是形容词，“令人愉快的；舒适的；友好的；和蔼可亲的” The garden is filled with a pleasant smell of flowers.（花园里弥漫着宜人的花香。） 副词：pleasantly，意为 “愉快地；友好地；亲切地”，用于修饰动词、形容词或其他副词 。 She smiled pleasantly at me when I entered the room.我进屋时，她友好地朝我微笑。 名词：pleasure，作不可数名词时意为 “愉快；快乐；满足”；作可数名词时意为 “乐事；快事” 。 It's a pleasure to work with such a great team.与这么棒的团队合作是一件乐事。 基础通关（测试时间：10分钟） 1. —Is there ______ interesting in today’s newspaper? —No, ______. A. something; anything B. anything; nothing C. nothing; anything D. anything; everything 答案：B 疑问句中用anything；答语表示否定“没有有趣的内容”，用nothing。 2. ______ useful advice the teacher gave us! A.What a B. How C. What D. How a 答案：C 中心词是不可数名词advice，故用What引导感叹句。 3. The room is empty. I can’t find ______ there. A.somebody B. anybody C. everybody D. nobody 答案：B 句意“房间是空的，我找不到任何人”，否定句中用anybody。 4. ______ fast the boys are running on the playground! A. What B. What a C. How D. How a 答案：C 中心词是副词fast，故用How引导感叹句。 5. The song Yellow River Cantata can _______ the great spirit of the Chinese people. A. express B. explain C. expect D. exchange 答案：A 根据文档中 “express v. ‘表达；表露；表示’” 及例句 “Yellow River Cantata can best express the great spirit...”，此处需表示 “表达精神”，express 符合语境。explain（解释）、expect（期待）、exchange（交换）均不符合句意。 6. Wang Xizhi's Lanting Xu is one of his famous _______. A. jobs B. works C. jobs D. housework 答案：B 文档中提到 “work 作可数名词时，意为‘著作；作品（强调书、音乐和艺术类）’”，并举例 “Lanting Xu is one of his famous works”。此处指王羲之的书法作品，works 符合用法。jobs（工作）、housework（家务）均不符合。 7. Peking Opera is a popular _______ of traditional Chinese art. A. form B. kind C. type D. sort 答案：A 文档中指出 “form 作可数名词，意为‘（尤指艺术作品或文章的）结构，形式；类型’”，并举例 “This form of music can make me relaxed”。此处指京剧是艺术 “形式”，form 更贴合艺术领域的固定表达。kind/type/sort 虽可表示 “种类”，但 form 更精准。 8. My father _______ strict _______ me when I was young. A. is; with B. was; with C. is; about D. was; about 答案：B 文档中提到 “be strict with sb. 意为‘对某人要求严格’”，且句中 “when I was young” 表明时态为一般过去时，主语 my father 为第三人称单数，故用 was；“对某人严格” 用 with，因此选 B。 8. We can improve our English _______ reading English novels. A. by B. with C. in D. on 答案：A 文档中说明 “介词 by 后加动词的动名词形式表示‘通过做某事’”，并举例 “I improve my English by listening to English songs”。此处 “通过读英文小说” 需用 by，故选 A。 9. The old man has difficulty _______ new things quickly. A. learn B. to learn C. learning D. learned 答案：C 文档中明确 “have difficulty (in) doing sth. ‘在做某事方面有困难’”，in 可省略，后接动名词。因此此处用 learning，选 C。 重难突破（测试时间：10分钟） （24-25八年级上·福建福州·期末）阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Hobby is something that can keep you relaxed in your spare time. Every student should have a hobby. What are the 1 (reason) behind it? First, a hobby provides us with 2 (happy) and fun. Second, you can make many friends when you have the activities. 3 , a hobby can keep you relaxed after the busy work. A hobby can be almost anything, such 4   listening to music, playing with pets, reading books, going for sports and so on. If your hobby is 5 (fish) , it’s good for you to get close with nature. If your hobby is collecting stamps, you can get a lot of 6 (know) from it. Perhaps some people have no hobbies. Don’t worry, just think about it from now on. You can turn what you already love into a hobby. Take 7 (I) as an example, I didn’t have a hobby until I was 10, but I was 8 (interest) in sports. So my mother asked me to learn soccer. Soon I 9 (fall) in love with it. I felt happy when I was running and practicing it on the playground. Now I get   10 (brave) than before. Now playing soccer is my hobby. Why not find a hobby like me? 【答案】1．reasons 2．happiness 3．Third 4．as 5．fishing 6．knowledge 7．me 8．interested 9．fell 10．braver 【导语】本文主要讲述了每个学生都应该拥有爱好的原因，并举例说明如何将喜爱的事物转化为爱好。 1．句意：这背后的原因是什么？根据“are”可知，此处应用复数形式，reason复数形式为reasons。故填reasons。 2．句意：首先，爱好能带给我们快乐和乐趣。根据“provide sb with sth”可知，此处应用名词，happy名词为happiness。故填happiness。 3．句意：第三，爱好还能让你在忙碌的工作后放松身心。根据“First”及“Second”可知，此处应用序数词连接，放句首首字母要大写。故填Third。 4．句意：爱好几乎可以是任何事情，比如听音乐、逗宠物、读书、运动等等。such as“例如”，固定搭配。故填as。 5．句意：如果你的爱好是钓鱼，它对你亲近大自然有好处。根据“is”可知，此处应用动名词形式，fish动名词形成为fishing。故填fishing。 6．句意：如果你的爱好是集邮，你可以从中获得许多知识。根据“a lot of”可知，此处应用名词形式，know名词形式为knowledge。故填knowledge。 7．句意：以我为例，我直到10岁都没有爱好，但我对运动很感兴趣。根据“Take”可知，此处应用宾格形式，I宾格为me。故填me。 8．句意：以我为例，我直到10岁都没有爱好，但我对运动很感兴趣。be interested in“对……感兴趣”，固定搭配。故填interested。 9．句意：很快我就爱上了它。根据时态一致原则，此处应用过去式，fall过去式为fell。故填fell。 10．句意：现在我比以前更勇敢了。根据“than before”可知，此处应用比较级，brave比较级为braver。故填braver。 易混易错（测试时间：10分钟） 1.The drama Teahouse shows the lives of __________ (China) people over half a __________ (century). 2.Swan Lake is a very famous __________ (ballet) that tells a beautiful story. 3.Leonardo da Vinci, an Italian __________ (art), scientist and writer, painted the Mona Lisa. 4.Journey to the West is one of the four great classic __________ (novel) in Chinese literature. 5.Wang Xizhi's Lanting Xu is a famous work of __________ (calligraph). 6.The oil painting by da Vinci __________ (express) the beauty of human nature. 7.Students need to match the forms of art __________ (介词) the correct pictures. 8.I like __________ (paint) best. 9.The Yellow River Cantata __________ (be) a classic __________ (music) work about Chinese history. 10.Each student can talk about __________ (they) favorite piece of art in class. 11.The painting, which is 528.7 ___________ (centimetre) long, ___________ (show) the daily life of the Northern Song Dynasty. 12.Workers are ___________ (pull) a boat under the bridge while ___________ (shout) their work song. 13. ___________ (tour) on the ships can clearly see the shops ___________ (sell) goods on the riverbanks. 14.What an ___________ (amaze) scene! The bridge ___________ (be) full of people. 15.The huge gate tower ___________ (mark) the city entrance, and many ___________ (businessman) go in and out. 16.In the painting, people's ___________ (day) activities are reflected（反映） the city's prosperity（繁荣）. 17.Artists have difficulty in ___________ (find) the right colors to reproduce（重现） such a classic work. 18.You must ___________ (careful) observe the details before ___________ (draw) a conclusion. 19.Follow me ___________ (explore) the world of ancient Chinese art. 20.The painting's great ___________ (value) lies in ___________ (show) how people lived centuries ago. 21. Many students want to be ______________ when they grow up. (teach) 22. Water is ______________ for people living in the desert. (value) 23. There are many ______________ in the supermarket. (shelf) 24. During the Spring Festival, Lin Yi ______________ her family very much. (miss) 25. Mr. Zheng is ______________ the machine carefully. (control) 1. Chinese; century；2. ballet；3. artist；4. novels；5. calligraphy；6. expresses；7. with；8. painting；9. is; musical； 10. their11. centimetres; shows；12. pulling; shouting；13. Tourists; selling；14. amazing; is；15. marks; businessmen； 16. daily；17. finding；18. carefully; drawing；19. to explore；20. value; showing21. teachers 22. valuable 23. shelves 24. misses 25. controlling 链接中考（测试时间：15分钟） （2024·江苏宿迁·中考真题） Su Shi, known as Su Dongpo, was a famous Chinese writer, poet and painter. When he was young, he read a lot of books and wrote many good articles. People thought 1 (high) of him. Because of this, he became very proud and wrote a couplet (对联) for 2 (him). Knowing all the words in the world; Reading all the books on the earth. A wise old man saw this couplet and thought, “It is necessary for Su Shi 3 (learn) how to be modest.” So, one day, he came to Su Shi’s house with a book. The old man showed Su Shi the book and explained, “So far, I 4 (read) the book several times, but there are still some difficult words that I can’t understand. I have asked many people, but none of them could understand their 5 (meaning). I have heard that you are a person of rich knowledge, so I come to ask you.” Full of confidence, Su Shi took the book from the old 6 (man) hand, but when he opened it, he became very 7 (surprise) because there were many words he didn’t know. At that moment, Su Shi realized that there were many more things that he had to learn. Actually, the old man knew every word in this book. He just wanted to make Su Shi know the importance of 8 (be) modest. Su Shi was embarrassed (尴尬的) and said, “Now I know why you came. I shouldn’t have been so arrogant (自大的).” The old man smiled and 9 (leave). Then Su Shi quickly took his brush and ink, and added some words to the couplet: Working hard to know all the words in the world; Being determined to read all the books on the earth. From then on, he worked even 10 (hard) than before. Finally, Su Shi made great achievements in many fields, especially in literature. 【答案】1．highly 2．himself 3．to learn 4．have read 5．meanings 6．man’s 7．surprised 8．being 9．left 10．harder 【导语】本文主要讲述了苏轼“发奋识遍天下字，立志读尽人间书”对联背后的故事。 1．句意：人们对他的评价很高。think highly of“高度评价”，用副词修饰动词，故填highly。 2．句意：因此，他很得意，给自己写了一副对联。根据“he became very proud and wrote a couplet (对联) for...”可知，他给自己写了一副对联，himself“他自己”符合语境，故填himself。 3．句意：一位智者看到这副对联，就想：“苏轼有必要学会谦虚。”此处是“It is+adj+for sb to do sth”句型，使用动词不定式作真正的主语，故填to learn。 4．句意：到目前为止，这本书我已经读了好几遍，但仍有一些难懂的词我不懂。根据“So far”可知，此处应使用现在完成时，故填have read。 5．句意：我问过很多人，但没有一个人能理解它们的意思。此处在动词后作宾语，用名词形式，meaning“意思”，their修饰可数名词复数。故填meanings。 6．句意：苏轼满怀信心地从老人手中接过书，但当他打开它时，他变得非常惊讶，因为里面有很多他不认识的词。此处作定语修饰“hand”，用名词所有格形式man’s，故填man’s。 7．句意：苏轼满怀信心地从老人手中接过书，但当他打开它时，他变得非常惊讶，因为里面有很多他不认识的词。根据“he became very...”可知，此处在句中作表语，修饰人，用surprised“惊讶的”，故填surprised。 8．句意：他只是想让苏轼知道谦虚的重要性。of是介词，其后用动名词作宾语，故填being。 9．句意：老人微笑着离开了。根据“The old man smiled and...”可知，是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填left。 10．句意：从那时起，他比以前更努力了。根据“than before”可知，应使用副词比较级，故填harder。 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 Units 1~2教材核心知识串讲（期末复习讲义） 单元 知识点 常考题型 命题趋势 Unit 1-2 1.together with2.happen to 3.maybe 4.because 5.some day 与 one day6.try to do sth. 与 try doing sth. 7.keep用法8.hear 9.protect10.put on 11.join 12.prepare for13.with 的复合结构14.hard work 15.succeed 16.teach 17.come true 18.as long as 19.hope to do sth. 20.help sb. with sth. 21.become interested in 22.it's (not) + adj. + to do sth. 23.will 与 be going to 区别 感叹句 24.辨析: relax，relaxed 和relaxing 25.watch 26.have difficulty (in) doing sth. 27.strict，28.besides，except和but harm， 29.electronic，30.pleasant 单项选择 语法选择 语法填空等 1.注重素养：更加注重对学生英语核心素养的考查。 2.情境化突出：借助生活、学校、社会等多种情境，将语法考察与实际生活相结合。 3.文化传承与价值导向明显：注重选取具有文化内涵和思想价值的语篇。 知识点01 together with... 与 work with 的区别 together with... 介词短语，意为 “与…… 一起；和…… 一同”，强调伴随关系， 遵循 “就远原则”：当连接主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式由 together with 前面的主语决定，与后面的伴随对象无关。 e.g. Lucy, together with her parents, visiting the museum. 露西和她的父母正在参观博物馆。(谓语 “is” 由 “Lucy” 决定) work with 动词短语，意为 “与…… 一起工作；和…… 协作”, 在句中作谓语，后接宾语（人或团队）。 e.g. She works with her on this project. 她和同事们一起做这个项目。 知识点02 happen to ... “某人 / 某物发生了某事”，强调事情意外或偶然发生。 特殊疑问句：What happened to + 人 / 物？（…… 怎么了？） 陈述句：Sth. happened to + 人 / 物.（某人 / 某物发生了某事。） e.g. —What happened to your bike? —It looks broken. 你的自行车怎么了？看起来坏了。 A car accident happened to his father last week. 他爸爸上周出了车祸。 注意：happen 是不及物动词，不能用于被动语态（不能说 “Somebody was happened...”）。 主语通常是 “something”“what” 等表示事情的词，宾语是 “人 / 物”，即 “事情发生在人 / 物身上”。 易｜错｜点｜拨 happen to do sth. 表示 “偶然做某事；碰巧做某事”。 e.g. I happened to meet my old friend in the park. 我碰巧在公园遇到了老朋友。 —What _______ to your cat? It’s not active today. —It got hurt. A. happen B. happened C. happens 知识点03 maybe adv. “也许；可能；大概”，用于表示推测或不确定的语气。 maybe 是副词，单独使用； may be 是 “情态动词 may + 动词原形 be”, 在句中作谓语, 意为 “可能是”。 e.g. Maybe he is at home. 也许他在家。 He may be at home. 他可能在家。 _______ we will move to a new city some day. A. May be B. Maybe C. Probable 知识点04 some day 与 one day 用法 some day one day 时间范围 仅指未来（将来某一天） 可指过去（曾经某一天）或未来（将来某一天） 语境侧重 强调不确定性，常用于愿望、推测 可用于过去的经历或未来的计划，语气更灵活 时态搭配 与一般将来时连用 表示过去时, 与一般过去时连用； 表示未来时, 与一般将来时连用 例句 Some day we will live on Mars. One day I met an old friend in the street. One day I’ll learn to play the piano. If you don’t stop working hard, you ________ some day. A. succeed B. succeeded C. will succeed D. have succeeded 知识点05 because conj.“因为”，引导原因状语从句，后接句子。 注意：because不能与 so “所以” 同时使用，二者选其一。because引导原因状语从句，而 so 连接并列句，表示结果。 e.g. ❌ Because trains run overnight, so workers work at night. 因为火车夜间运行，所以工人要上班。(中文思维常见错误！需二选一。) 易｜错｜点｜拨 because of 介词短语，“因为” ，后接名词、代词或动名词。 e.g. He was late _________ the rain. 他迟到是因为下雨。 He was late _____ it rained. 他迟到是因为天下雨了。 知识点06 make sth. + n. “使某物成为……” 结构：使役动词 make + 宾语（sth.）+ 名词（n. 作宾语补足语）。 e.g. Hard work can make dreams a reality. 努力能使梦想成为现实。 易｜错｜点｜拨 make 的其他常见结构 make sth. + adj. “使某物……”（形容词作宾补，强调状态） e.g. Exercise makes us strong. 运动使我们强壮。 make sb. do sth. “使某人做某事”（省略不定式符号 to 的不定式作宾补） e.g. The teacher makes us read English every morning. 老师让我们每天早上读英语。 My little brother is funny. He often makes me ________. A. laughing B. laugh C. to laugh D. laughs 知识点07 try to do sth. 与 try doing sth. try to do sth.：强调 “努力、尽力做某事”，侧重目的是完成动作。 e.g. She tries to finish her homework before dinner.她努力在晚饭前完成作业。 try doing sth.：强调 “尝试做某事”，侧重通过尝试看是否有效果，不一定追求完成。 e.g. Why not try eating more vegetables? 为什么不试试多吃点蔬菜呢？ 1.We should try ________ English well. A. learn B. to learn C. learning D. learns 2.We should try our best ________ the environment. A. protect B. protecting C. to protect D. protected 知识点08 protect protect v. → protection n. 保护 environment protection 环境保护 易｜错｜点｜拨 protect...from... 保护…… 免受…… 的伤害 e.g. We wear masks to protect ourselves from the cold. 我们戴口罩保护自己免受寒冷侵袭。 Wearing sunglasses can help protect our eyes _______ the sunshine in summer. A. from B. with C. by D. of 知识点09 keep用法： keep + 宾语 + 形容词​表示 “使…… 保持某种状态” 例句：We should keep the room .（我们应该保持房间干净。） keep + 宾语 + 现在分词​表示 “使…… 一直做某事”，强调动作持续进行​ 例句：The noise kept me all night.（噪音让我等了一整晚。） keep doing sth​表示 “继续做某事；一直做某事”​ 例句：He kept until he reached the finish line.（他一直跑，直到到达终点线。） keep on doing sth​表示 “反复做某事；继续做某事”，强调动作的反复性和决心​ 例句：She kept on although she failed many times.（尽管失败了很多次，她还是继续尝试。） 知识点10 hear v. “听见；听到”，强调 “听” 的结果。 hear 的常见结构： hear + sth. 听见某物 / 某事（强调结果）。 e.g. I heard a loud noise outside. 我听到外面有很大的噪音。 hear sb. do sth. 听见某人做某事（强调动作的全过程或经常性动作，省略不定式符号 to）。 e.g. She often hears her neighbor sing in the morning.她经常早上听到邻居唱歌。 hear sb. doing sth. 听见某人正在做某事（强调动作正在进行）。 e.g. I heard him talking on the phone when I passed by. 我路过时听见他正在打电话。 hear of/about 听说（某事 / 某人），表示间接得知信息。 e.g. Have you heard of this new movie? 你听说过这部新电影吗？ hear from “收到…… 的来信 / 消息 / 电话等” e.g. He often hears from his pen pal. 他经常收到笔友的来信。 对比：listen 侧重 “听的动作或过程”，常与 to 搭配（listen to sth.）。 e.g. Listen! Can you hear the birds ? 听！你能听到鸟在唱歌吗 知识点11 put on 动词短语，意为 “穿上；戴上; 上演；增加（体重）”， 强调 “穿戴” 的动作过程。 put on + 衣物/饰品(如衣服、帽子、眼镜等)。 注意：代词作宾语时需放在 put 和 on 之间（put it/them on）。 易｜错｜点｜拨 put on 与 wear, dress 的区别 词汇 含义 用法重点 例句 put on 穿上;戴上 强调动作, 后接具体衣物 She put on her coat before going out. 她出门前穿上了外套。 wear 穿着;戴着 强调状态, 后接衣物或饰品 He wears glasses every day. 他每天戴眼镜。 dress 给…穿衣;打扮 后接人(dress sb.), 或表状态(dress in + 颜色/材质) Mom dresses the baby every morning. 妈妈每天早上给宝宝穿衣。 知识点12 join v. “加入；参加”，强调 “成为某个组织、团体或活动的一员”，后接组织、团队、俱乐部等名词（如 team, club, army 等）。 join sb.（加入某人，和某人一起做某事） e.g. Come and join us for dinner. 来和我们一起吃晚饭吧。 join in + 活动（参与某项活动，侧重中途加入） e.g. They joined in the discussion happily. 他们开心地加入了讨论。 同义短语：take part in 参加具体活动、会议、比赛等。 e.g. She took part in the school sports meeting. 她参加了学校运动会。 Since you have ____ the tennis club, why not ____ the tennis match? A. joined; join B. joined in; join in C. joined; join in D. joined in; join 知识点13 prepare for 动词短语，意为 “为…… 做准备”，后接名词/代词/动名词。 e.g. We are preparing for the exam. 我们在为考试做准备。 prepare to do sth. 准备做某事 e.g. She is preparing to give a speech at the meeting next week. 她正在准备下周在会议上发言。 同义短语：be/get ready for 为…… 做好准备 e.g. They are getting ready for the trip. 他们在为旅行做准备。 知识点14 with 的复合结构：with + 宾语 + 宾语补足语。 其中宾语通常是名词或代词，宾语补足语通常是 doing、to do、done、介词短语、形容词或副词。该结构常作伴随、方式、原因、条件等状语。 e.g. I like to sleep with the windows open. 我喜欢开着窗户睡觉。 With a lot of work to do, he can’t go out. 他有很多工作要做，不能外出。 He walked in the classroom with a book in his hand. 他走进教室，手里拿着一本书。 1.通过努力，他的梦想变成了现实。（完成译句） , his dream has turned into a reality. 2.北京作为有着悠久历史的中国的首都而闻名。 Beijing is famous for the capital of China . without prep. “没有；不借助”，后接名词、代词或动名词。 易｜错｜点｜拨 与 with（有；伴随）构成反义 e.g. She left with a smile. 她微笑着离开。→ She left without a word. 她一言不发地离开了。 without doing sth. 表示 “不做某事” e.g. He went out without saying goodbye. 他没说再见就出去了。 The driver stopped the bus without ________ twice. A. think B. thinking C. to think D. thought 知识点15 keep doing sth. “持续不断地做某事 / 坚持做某事”，强调动作的持续性、重复性，不表示动作的一次性完成。 ‌ e.g. She keeps late every night. 她每天晚上都加班到很晚。 ‌ He keeps asking the same question. 他反复问同一个问题。 He keeps practicing the piano every day. 他每天坚持练习钢琴。 易｜错｜点｜拨 否定形式：keep from doing sth. “避免做某事；阻止做某事”。 e.g. She kept from at his funny expression. 她忍住没对他滑稽的表情笑出来。‌ 知识点16 hard work 是名词短语，hard 此处为形容词，意为 “艰苦的；努力的”，修饰不可数名词 work “工作;付出”，表示 “辛勤的努力；艰苦的工作”。 拓展：·work hard 动词短语，“ ” e.g. He works hard every day. 他每天努力工作。 hard-working 形容词，“ ”，修饰人。 e.g. She is a hard-working student. 她是个勤奋的学生。 对比：hard work (名词短语, 作主语/宾语) 与 work hard (动词短语, 作谓语) e.g. Hard work brings success. 辛勤的努力带来成功。（作主语） We need to work hard for our dreams. 我们需要为梦想努力。（作谓语） 知识点17 succeed 不及物动词, “成功；达成目标”，不直接接宾语。 e.g. Many people succeed by never giving up. 许多人因永不放弃而成功。若需表达 “在某方面成功” 或 “成功做某事”，需搭配介词 in： succeed in (doing) sth. “在某方面成功” /“成功做某事” e.g. He succeeded in passing the exam after months of study. 经过数月的学习，他成功通过了考试。 易｜错｜点｜拨 名词形式 success “成功；成功的人/事” 。作不可数名词表示 “成功”这一抽象概念，作可数名词表示 “成功的人或事”。 e.g. Hard work leads to success. 努力通向成功。（不可数） The project was a great success. 这个项目非常成功。（可数） 形容词形式 successful “成功的”，搭配: be successful in (doing) sth.。 e.g. She is successful in her career. 她在事业上很成功。 用 “succeed”“success” 或 “successful” 填空： Her came from hard work, and she in becoming a scientist. 知识点18 teach 及物动词， “教；讲授；告诉；启示”。 常见结构：teach sb. sth. 教某人某事 e.g. She teaches us English. 她教我们英语。 teach sb. to do sth. 教某人做某事 e.g. My dad taught me to ride a bike. 爸爸教我骑自行车。 teach + 人 + that 从句 告诉某人某个道理 e.g. Life teaches us that hard work matters. 生活告诉我们努力很重要。 拓展：名词形式 teacher “ ”，指 “从事教学工作的人”。 e.g. Her mother is a math teacher. 她妈妈是一名数学老师。 短语：teach oneself “ ” e.g. He taught himself to play the guitar. 他自学弹吉他。 知识点19 come true 不及物动词短语， “ ”，主语通常是 “梦想、愿望、目标” 等抽象名词，不能用于被动语态。 e.g. If you work hard, your dream will come true. 如果你努力，梦想就会实现。 易｜错｜点｜拨 同义表达：realize one’s dream 实现梦想，但 realize 是及物动词，主语通常是人。 e.g. She finally realized her dream of becoming a singer. 她最终实现了当歌手的梦想。 对比：梦想作主语：Her dream came true. 她的梦想实现了。 人作主语：She realized her dream. 她实现了梦想。 知识点20 as long as “只要；如果”，引导条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时表将来，主句用一般将来时（即遵循“ ”原则）或情态动词。 结构：主句（主句用一般将来时/情态动词/祈使句） + as long as + 条件从句（从句用一般现在时）。 e.g. You can succeed as long as you keep trying. 只要你坚持尝试,就能成功。 As long as you study hard, you’ll pass the exam. 只要你努力学习，就会通过考试。 注意：as long as 还可表示 “长达…… 时间”，后接时间段。 e.g. We stayed in Beijing as long as two weeks. 我们在北京待了长达两周。 1. ______ we keep on trying, our dreams will come true one day. A. As long as B. Even if C. In order that D. So that 知识点21 hope to do sth. 希望做某事 否定形式：hope not to do sth.希望不做某事 hope to + 动词原形（不能用 “hope sb. to do sth.”，这是常见错误！ 若表达 “希望某人做某事”，需用宾语从句：hope (that) sb. will do sth.）。 e.g. I hope (that) you will pass the exam. 我希望你能通过考试。 They hoped to finish the project on time. 他们希望按时完成项目。 —Your cousin hopes you ________ to her fashion show tomorrow. —All right! A. to come B. will come C. is going to come D. comes 知识点22 help sb. with sth. “在某方面帮助某人”，sth.可以是名词/动名词。 同义结构：help sb. (to) do sth. “帮助某人做某事”，to 可省略。 e.g. She helps me with my homework. = She helps me my homework. 她辅导我做作业。 易｜错｜点｜拨 help oneself to sth. “请自便” (用于招待客人)。 e.g. Help yourself to some fruit. 请随便吃点水果。 help out 帮忙解决困难 e.g. He often helps out in the community. 他经常在社区帮忙。 用 “help...with...” 或 “help...(to) do...” 填空： 1.Tom often his sister her English. 2.Mom me clean the room every weekend. 知识点23 become interested in “开始对…… 感兴趣”，become是系动词，意为 “变得；成为”。 对比：be interested in 强调 “处于感兴趣的状态”, 而 become interested in强调 “转变为感兴趣的状态” (强调变化过程)。 同义短语：get interested in “开始对…… 产生兴趣” e.g. He interested in painting after watching an art show.看了艺术展后，他开始对绘画感兴趣。 知识点24 it's (not) + adj. + to do sth. 表示 “做某事（不）是…… 的”，其中 it 是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语 to do sth.。 作用：避免句子头重脚轻 (当不定式短语较长时，用 it 代替其位置，使句子更平衡)。 e.g. It is easy to finish the homework in an hour. 一小时内完成作业很容易。 易｜错｜点｜拨 同义结构转换：不定式短语作真正主语时，可将其置于句首。 e.g. To learn English well is important. 学好英语很重要。= _ English well. 知识点25 will 与 be going to 的核心用法区别 维度 will + 动词原形 be going to + 动词原形 计划与否 强调临时决定或未提前计划的将来动作。 强调事先计划好、有意图的将来动作。 预测依据 表示无客观证据的预测 （基于主观判断、猜测）。 表示有客观证据的预测（根据迹象推断某事即将发生）。 特殊场景 用于意愿、承诺、请求、命令等情感或态度表达。 无此类情感表达，仅聚焦 “计划” 或 “迹象性 拓展：其他表示将来的结构 1. 表示位置移动的动词 go、come、leave、fly、start、meet、move 等，可以用现在进行时表示将要发生的事。 e.g. —When are you starting out? 你什么时候出发？ —I’m leaving tomorrow. 我明天离开。 2. 一般现在时表示将来。 1）表示按计划要发生的事。例如：e.g. The train leaves/arrives at 10:45. 火车 10 点 45 分开/到。 2）在时间状语从句或条件状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来。 e.g. When she comes, I’ll tell her about it. 她来时我将把这件事告诉她。 If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, I’ll go to the zoo. 如果明天不下雨, 我将去动物园。 易｜错｜点｜拨 There be 句型用在一般将来时中，其结构为：There will be .../There is/are going to be ... e.g. There will be a meeting in this hall this afternoon. 这个厅今天下午有个会。 There is going to be an art festival next weekend. 下周末将有一个艺术节。 知识点26 感叹句 “How＋形容词/副词＋主语＋谓语！”。 E.g. How clever the boy is! 这个男孩真聪明啊！ 注意: how引导的感叹句可替换成what引导的感叹句。 "What+(a/an）＋形容词＋名词＋主语＋谓语！”。 E.g. What a clever boy he is！这个男孩真聪明啊！ 1. _______ big the fire is! And ______ brave young man Zhang Hua is! A.What; What a B. What a; How C. How; How D. How; What a 2.我把雨伞落在公交车上了。我是多么健忘啊！I left my umbrella on the bus.  forgetful I was! 知识点27 辨析: relax，relaxed 和relaxing 单词 词性 意思 用法 relax 动词 （使）放松；休息；放松 精神（思想） 常作谓语，后面跟反身代词。 relaxed 形容词 放松的；冷静的；镇定的 常作表语形容人的状态，可构成短语 be relaxed about sth.。 relaxing 形容词 有助于休息的；令人放松的；轻松的 常作定语，修饰物。 Li Ming often himself by listening to light music. 李明经常通过听轻音乐来放松自己。 I'm about my final exam now. 现在我对期末考试感到很放松。 This is a song, and I often listen to it after work. 这是一首令人放松的歌，我经常在下班后听。 知识点28 by watching 意为“通过观察”，介词by后加动词的动名词形式表示“通过做某事”。 E.g. I improve my English by listening to English songs. 我通过听英文歌来提高我的英语。 by的相关用法 短语 意思及用法 by＋交通工具 乘坐某种交通工具 by＋the＋名词 在······旁边；靠近······ by＋时间 不迟于；在······之前 by＋人称代词／反身代词 由某人自己（完成某事） I often go to school bus. 我常坐公交车去上学。 We live in a big house the river. 我们住在河边的一间大房子里。 We need to finish our work 6:00 p.m. 我们需要在下午6点前完成工作。 Lili often goes to school herself. 丽丽经常独自一人去上学。 知识点29 watch sb／sth．doing sth．意为“观看某人／某物正在做某事”，强调某个动作正在进行。此时watch 在这里作动词，意为“看；注视；观看；观察”，后跟动词原形或动名词形式。 E.g. She happily watched the boys playing football on the playground.她开心地看着男孩们在操场上踢足球。 watch sb.／sth. do sth. 意为“观看某人／某物做某事”，强调观看某个经常发生的动作或某人做某事的全过程。 E.g. He watched the cat that mouse. 他看到这只猫抓住了那只老鼠。 知识点30 have difficulty (in) doing sth. “在做某事方面有困难”，介词 "in" 通常可以省略，直接接动名词， 这是最常见的形式。 E.g. I have difficulty (in) spoken English. 我在理解英语口语方面有困难。 知识点31 strict，形容词，意为“要求严格的；严厉的；严谨的”。 be strict with sb. 意为“对某人要求严格”。 E.g. Lili’s parents are very strict with her. 丽丽的父母对她要求十分严格。 be strict about sth. 意为“对某事要求严格”。 E.g. My parents want me to study hard and are strict about my homework.我父母希望我能努力学习并对我的作业要求很严。 The teacher ________ the students, but they still like him a lot. A.is popular with B. is good with C. is strict with 知识点32 besides，except和but 单词 意思 用法 besides 除······以外（还） 指除此之外还有。 except 除······之外 指把某物排除在外。 but 除了；除······之外 通常与no one、no、nothing、nobody等表示否定的词连用。 I like autumn spring. 除了春季以外我还喜欢秋季。 Everyone in my family likes watching football games my mother.我家除了我妈妈外每个人都喜欢看足球比赛。 There is nothing a book in my bag.我包里除了一本书外什么也没有。 知识点33 harm，动词，意为“损害；伤害”。 E.g. Smoking can harm our lungs.吸烟伤肺。 拓展： ① do harm to意为“伤害；损害”，此时harm为名词，意为“伤害；损害”。 E.g. Playing computer games too long does harm to our eyes.玩电脑游戏太长时间伤害我们的眼睛。 ② be harmful to意为“对······有伤害的”。harmful为harm的形容词形式，意为“（尤指对健康或环境）有害的；导致损害的”，可与短语do harm to互换。 E.g. Smoking is harmful to our health. =Smoking does harm to our health. 吸烟有害健康。 Playing computer games ________ our eyes. You had better not play them. A. is good for B.is harmful to C. is helpful to Relying too heavily on AI might do harm _______ people’s thinking abilities. A. of B. with C. to D. for 知识点34 electronic，形容词，意为“电子的；电子器件的”。 Wang Lei wants to be an engineer who develops electronic things.王磊想成为一名研发电子产品的工程师。 electronic，electric 和 electricity 单词 词性 意思 用法 electronic 形容词 电子的；电子 器件的 常作定语。 electric 形容词 电的；用电的； 电动的；发电的 常作定语。 electricity 不可数名词 电；电能 可作主语或宾语。 E.g. I prefer dance music. 我更喜欢电子舞曲。 The sunshine can be changed into . 太阳光可以转化为电能。 Now cars are very popular in China. 现在电动汽车在中国非常受欢迎。 知识点35 “pleasant” 是形容词，“令人愉快的；舒适的；友好的；和蔼可亲的” The garden is filled with a smell of flowers.（花园里弥漫着宜人的花香。） 副词：pleasantly，意为 “愉快地；友好地；亲切地”，用于修饰动词、形容词或其他副词 。 She smiled at me when I entered the room.我进屋时，她友好地朝我微笑。 名词：pleasure，作不可数名词时意为 “愉快；快乐；满足”；作可数名词时意为 “乐事；快事” 。 It's a to work with such a great team.与这么棒的团队合作是一件乐事。 基础通关（测试时间：10分钟） 1. —Is there ______ interesting in today’s newspaper? —No, ______. A. something; anything B. anything; nothing C. nothing; anything D. anything; everything 2. ______ useful advice the teacher gave us! A.What a B. How C. What D. How a 3. The room is empty. I can’t find ______ there. A.somebody B. anybody C. everybody D. nobody 4. ______ fast the boys are running on the playground! A. What B. What a C. How D. How a 5. The song Yellow River Cantata can _______ the great spirit of the Chinese people. A. express B. explain C. expect D. exchange 6. Wang Xizhi's Lanting Xu is one of his famous _______. A. jobs B. works C. jobs D. housework 7. Peking Opera is a popular _______ of traditional Chinese art. A. form B. kind C. type D. sort 8. My father _______ strict _______ me when I was young. A. is; with B. was; with C. is; about D. was; about 8. We can improve our English _______ reading English novels. A. by B. with C. in D. on 9. The old man has difficulty _______ new things quickly. A. learn B. to learn C. learning D. learned 重难突破（测试时间：10分钟） （24-25八年级上·福建福州·期末）阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Hobby is something that can keep you relaxed in your spare time. Every student should have a hobby. What are the 1 (reason) behind it? First, a hobby provides us with 2 (happy) and fun. Second, you can make many friends when you have the activities. 3 , a hobby can keep you relaxed after the busy work. A hobby can be almost anything, such 4   listening to music, playing with pets, reading books, going for sports and so on. If your hobby is 5 (fish) , it’s good for you to get close with nature. If your hobby is collecting stamps, you can get a lot of 6 (know) from it. Perhaps some people have no hobbies. Don’t worry, just think about it from now on. You can turn what you already love into a hobby. Take 7 (I) as an example, I didn’t have a hobby until I was 10, but I was 8 (interest) in sports. So my mother asked me to learn soccer. Soon I 9 (fall) in love with it. I felt happy when I was running and practicing it on the playground. Now I get   10 (brave) than before. Now playing soccer is my hobby. Why not find a hobby like me? 易混易错（测试时间：10分钟） 1.The drama Teahouse shows the lives of __________ (China) people over half a __________ (century). 2.Swan Lake is a very famous __________ (ballet) that tells a beautiful story. 3.Leonardo da Vinci, an Italian __________ (art), scientist and writer, painted the Mona Lisa. 4.Journey to the West is one of the four great classic __________ (novel) in Chinese literature. 5.Wang Xizhi's Lanting Xu is a famous work of __________ (calligraph). 6.The oil painting by da Vinci __________ (express) the beauty of human nature. 7.Students need to match the forms of art __________ (介词) the correct pictures. 8.I like __________ (paint) best. 9.The Yellow River Cantata __________ (be) a classic __________ (music) work about Chinese history. 10.Each student can talk about __________ (they) favorite piece of art in class. 11.The painting, which is 528.7 ___________ (centimetre) long, ___________ (show) the daily life of the Northern Song Dynasty. 12.Workers are ___________ (pull) a boat under the bridge while ___________ (shout) their work song. 13. ___________ (tour) on the ships can clearly see the shops ___________ (sell) goods on the riverbanks. 14.What an ___________ (amaze) scene! The bridge ___________ (be) full of people. 15.The huge gate tower ___________ (mark) the city entrance, and many ___________ (businessman) go in and out. 16.In the painting, people's ___________ (day) activities are reflected（反映） the city's prosperity（繁荣）. 17.Artists have difficulty in ___________ (find) the right colors to reproduce（重现） such a classic work. 18.You must ___________ (careful) observe the details before ___________ (draw) a conclusion. 19.Follow me ___________ (explore) the world of ancient Chinese art. 20.The painting's great ___________ (value) lies in ___________ (show) how people lived centuries ago. 21. Many students want to be ______________ when they grow up. (teach) 22. Water is ______________ for people living in the desert. (value) 23. There are many ______________ in the supermarket. (shelf) 24. During the Spring Festival, Lin Yi ______________ her family very much. (miss) 25. Mr. Zheng is ______________ the machine carefully. (control) 链接中考（测试时间：15分钟） （2024·江苏宿迁·中考真题） Su Shi, known as Su Dongpo, was a famous Chinese writer, poet and painter. When he was young, he read a lot of books and wrote many good articles. People thought 1 (high) of him. Because of this, he became very proud and wrote a couplet (对联) for 2 (him). Knowing all the words in the world; Reading all the books on the earth. A wise old man saw this couplet and thought, “It is necessary for Su Shi 3 (learn) how to be modest.” So, one day, he came to Su Shi’s house with a book. The old man showed Su Shi the book and explained, “So far, I 4 (read) the book several times, but there are still some difficult words that I can’t understand. I have asked many people, but none of them could understand their 5 (meaning). I have heard that you are a person of rich knowledge, so I come to ask you.” Full of confidence, Su Shi took the book from the old 6 (man) hand, but when he opened it, he became very 7 (surprise) because there were many words he didn’t know. At that moment, Su Shi realized that there were many more things that he had to learn. Actually, the old man knew every word in this book. He just wanted to make Su Shi know the importance of 8 (be) modest. Su Shi was embarrassed (尴尬的) and said, “Now I know why you came. I shouldn’t have been so arrogant (自大的).” The old man smiled and 9 (leave). Then Su Shi quickly took his brush and ink, and added some words to the couplet: Working hard to know all the words in the world; Being determined to read all the books on the earth. From then on, he worked even 10 (hard) than before. Finally, Su Shi made great achievements in many fields, especially in literature. 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $