广东省多校联考2025-2026学年高一上学期12月期中英语试题

2025-2026 学年度第一学期高中阶段联考（12月） 高一英语学科答案 36. amazing 37. has been focused/ has focused/ has been focusing 38. which 39. was given 40. his 41. To help 42. with 43. Watching 44. impression 45. fully 答案详解 1. B 2. C 3. D 【难度】0.85 【知识点】旅游观光、应用文 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了在阿姆斯特丹进行自行车租赁和雇佣导游的操作方式，价格等细节。 1. 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety, including basic bikes with foot brake (刹车), bikes with hand brake and gears (排挡), bikes with child seats, and children’s bikes. (我们提供种类繁多的最新自行车，包括有脚刹的基本自行车、有手刹和带排挡的自行车、带儿童座椅的自行车和儿童自行车)”可推知，MacBike的优势是它提供许多类型的自行车。故选B。 2. 细节理解题。根据定价表可知，租一辆带手刹和三档的自行车一天需要14.75欧元，额外增加天数每天8欧元。所以租一辆带手刹和三档的自行车两天需要14.75+8=22.75欧元。故选C。 3. 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“The tour departs from Dam Square every hour on the hour, starting at 1:00 pm every day. (旅游团每小时从大坝广场出发，每天下午1点开始)”可知，导游城市之旅从大坝广场开始。故选D。 【点睛】 4. A 5. B 6. C 7. D 【难度】0.65 【知识点】语言与文化、记叙文、个人经历 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者在法国旅行时因法语发音错误，将“有点累”说成“有臭味”，闹了个尴尬笑话。这次经历让他意识到外语发音的重要性，并学会以积极心态对待学习中的错误。 4. 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“I was so excited but also a little nervous because my French was not good.(我感到非常兴奋，但也有点紧张，因为我的法语不太好。”)可知，作者对去法国度假感到紧张是因为他的法语不好，即他在法语方面比较薄弱。因此，选项A“He was poor at French.(他的法语不好。”)符合题意。故选A。 5. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Claire explained, “In French, there are words that sound similar but have very different meanings.”peu’ means ‘a little,’ but if you pronounce it differently, it can sound like ‘pue’, which means ‘stinks’ — like something smells bad.(Claire 解释说：“在法语中，有些词发音相似，但意思却大不相同。‘peu’的意思是‘一点点’，但如果你发音不同，听起来就像‘pue’，意思是‘发臭’——就像什么东西闻起来很臭。”)”可知，作者遇到的尴尬时刻是发音错误。故选B。 6. 推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的“It made me realize just how daunting pronunciation can be in a foreign language. Even small differences in pronunciation can completely change the meaning of what you’re trying to say.(这让我意识到发音在外语中是多么令人畏惧。即使发音上的微小差异也可能完全改变你想表达的意思。)”以及后文提到的英语中的例子“ship”和“sheep”的发音相似但意思完全不同，可以推断出作者从这次尴尬的经历中学到了一个教训：语言中的微小错误可能导致重大的误解。因此，选项C“A tiny error in speech can lead to a major misunderstanding.(语言中的微小错误可能导致重大的误解。)”符合题意。故选C。 7. 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“Now, I pay extra attention to how words sound and what they mean. And if I mix them up again? I’ll just laugh along. After all, laughing is part of learning - even if it’s a bit stinky sometimes.(现在，我会格外注意单词的发音和意思。如果我再把它们混淆了呢？我会跟着一起笑的。毕竟，笑是学习的一部分——即使有时有点尴尬。)”可知，作者在法国的经历让他对语言学习中的错误持开放态度，他不再害怕犯错，而是选择以积极的心态面对并从中学习。故选D。 8. C 9. C 10. D 11. A 【难度】0.65 【知识点】语言学习策略、说明文 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了研究发现利用手势学习外语更有利于记忆单词。 8. 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“But Brian Mathias’ research team found out that if you gesture(做手势) with your arms while studying, you can remember the vocabulary better, even months later. (但 Brian Mathias 的研究团队发现，如果你在学习时用手臂做手势，即使几个月后，你也能更好地记住词汇。)”可知，Brian Mathias 的研究总结出运用手势有利于单词学习。故选C。 9. 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“At the same time, they had equipment attached to their heads that sent weak distracting signals to their primary motor cortex(运动皮层) — the brain area that controls voluntary arm movements.(与此同时，他们的头上安装了设备，向他们的初级运动皮层——控制自主手臂运动的大脑区域——发送微弱的分散注意力的信号。)”可知，这种设备会影响大脑活动。故选C。 10. 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“After two months, the two methods were still equally effective. But after six months, the adults benefited more from the gestures than the pictures, while the children were helped equally by both.(两个月后，这两种方法仍然同样有效。但六个月后，成年人从手势中受益比图片更多，而孩子们则从两者中得到了同等的帮助。”)可知，从长远来看，手势学习的好处对成年人更明显。故选D。 11. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“I think we underuse gesture in our classrooms,” Goldin-Meadow says. “Good teachers and good listeners use it, but not always in a systematic way. Others don’t necessarily bring it into the class — and it could be used more often and more effectively.”(戈尔丁-梅多说：“我认为我们在课堂上没有充分利用手势。好的老师和好的听众会使用它，但并不总是系统地使用。其他人不一定会把它带到课堂上，但它可以更经常、更有效地使用。”)”可推测出，作者建议老师更充分地使用手势。故选A。 12. A 13. C 14. D 15. B 【难度】0.4 【知识点】科普知识、议论文 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章围绕“为最坏情况做准备(bracing)”展开讨论，介绍了相关心理理论，指出其弊端，认为抱有积极期望或许更明智。 12. 主旨大意题。根据第二段“Some psychological theories suggest that bracing should help. For example, ‘decision affect theory’ proposes that how we feel about a situation is determined partly by comparing what actually happened with what could have happened. Based on this, people should be happy when an event goes beyond their expectations, and disappointed when an event falls behind. Therefore, by anticipating the worst, one can safeguard themselves against future disappointment, as any result is likely to surpass their expectations.(一些心理理论表明，为最坏情况做准备应该是有帮助的。例如，“决策影响理论”提出，我们对一种情况的感受部分取决于将实际发生的事情与可能发生的事情进行比较。基于此，当一件事情超出我们的预期时，人们应该会感到高兴，而当一件事情未达预期时，人们会感到失望。因此，通过预期最坏的情况，人们可以避免未来的失望，因为任何结果都可能超出他们的预期”可知，该段主要介绍了心理理论表明，通过预期最坏的情况，人们可以避免未来的失望，因为任何结果都可能超出他们的预期。所以本段阐述了为最坏情况做准备背后的逻辑。故选A项。 13. 词句猜测题。根据第三段中“Other psychological theories, nevertheless, undermine the idea that bracing will be helpful. It has been theorized and scientifically established that expectations can powerfully influence reality.(然而，其他心理理论……认为为最坏情况做准备会有帮助的观点。从理论和科学上已经证实，期望会对现实产生强大的影响)”以及后文介绍期望影响现实导致为最坏情况做准备不一定有帮助，可推知，其他理论是削弱了这种认为为最坏情况做准备有帮助的观点。“undermine”意思是“削弱”，与C项“Weaken”同义。故选C项。 14. 细节理解题。根据第四段中“First, people may behave in ways that fit with their expectations. If you expect to fail an upcoming test or interview, then you might not invest efforts in preparation, which in turn reduces your chances of doing well. Second, people may interpret a situation in line with their expectations. Imagine you believe you are insufficiently qualified for a job you’ve applied for. During the job interview, you’re likely to interpret blank expressions from the interviewer in line with this belief, which could negatively affect your performance.(首先，人们的行为方式可能与他们的期望相符。如果你预计即将到来的考试或面试会失败，那么你可能不会投入精力去准备，这反过来会降低你表现出色的机会。其次，人们可能会按照自己的期望来解读一种情况。想象一下，你认为自己申请的一份工作资历不够。在面试过程中，你可能会根据这种信念来解读面试官的面无表情，这可能会对你的表现产生负面影响)”可知，消极期望可能会通过导致准备不足和一些错误解读来影响人们在现实中的表现。故选D项。 15. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Drawing together the scientific studies, it seems that expecting the worst is anything but a wise way to prepare for upcoming news or results. It might be more sensible to hold positive expectations than to brace for the worst.(综合这些科学研究，似乎期待最坏的情况绝不是为即将到来的消息或结果做准备的明智方式。抱有积极的期望可能比为最坏的情况做准备更明智)”可推断，作者认为在实践中，为最坏情况做准备可能带来的弊端多于好处。故选B项。 16. D 17. C 18. B 19. G 20. F 【难度】0.65 【知识点】语言学习策略 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了语言学习的一些误区。 16. 根据设空处前两句“Actually, it is not a big challenge to learn languages. We only have to change the way we learn them.(实际上，学习语言并不是什么大的挑战。我们只需要改变学习它们的方式)”可知，学习语言并不是艰巨的挑战，我们只需改变自己学习语言的方式。再根据下文各段小标题可知，接下来要介绍的是对语言学习的一些误解。D项“我们需要避免一些常见的误解”承接上文并引出下文内容。故选D项。 17. 根据下文“What you mostly need to do is spend some time listening and reading. Believe me, it is that simple.(你最需要做的是花些时间听和读。相信我，就是这么简单)”可知，作者认为学习语言实际上并不难，只需要花时间听和读。C项“学习一门语言需要花些时间，但是不难”符合语境，且C项中的 takes time 与下文中的 spend some time 呼应。故选C项。 18. 根据设空处位置可知，设空处为本部分小标题。再根据下文中的“Anyone who wants to learn can succeed. In Sweden and the Netherlands most people speak more than one language. They can’t just all be gifted in languages.(任何想学习的人都能成功。在瑞典和荷兰，大多数人会说不止一种语言。他们不可能都有语言天赋)”可知，本段解释学习语言和天赋的关系，即语言学习与天赋无关。B项“你必须在学习语言方面很有天赋”是对语言学习的一种误解，能够概括本部分主要内容。故选B项。 19. 根据下文中的“You can download it to your cellphone and listen.(你可以下载到你的手机上听)”可知，这里提到代词 it，所以设空处要说明 it 是指什么，G项“有了因特网，任何人都可以使用电脑获得语言内容”提到了 it 的指代对象“语言内容”，符合语境。故选G项。 20. 根据上文中的“How about the time you spend waiting in line, doing things around the house and going for a walk?(你花在排队、做家务和散步上的时间呢？”可知，作者是在指出哪些时间是可以用来学习语言的。F项“为什么不利用那段时间用你的手机来听一种语言呢？”和上文意思一致。故选F项。 21. C 22. B 23. A 24. B 25. A 26. D 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. A 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. D 35. A 【难度】0.65 【知识点】记叙文、生活故事 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者打算带儿子去自己曾经的大学校园参观。作者制订了详尽的计划，但儿子似乎并不上心，他想要的只是一架秋千。最终作者带着儿子找到了秋千，度过了一段快乐的时光。 21. 考查介词短语辨析。句意：我提前计划好了每一个细节，希望我的儿子熟悉一些我珍爱的东西。A. in total 总数；B. in fact 实际上；C. in advance 提前；D. in order 按顺序。根据句中“had planned out”可知，作者提前作了计划。故选C项。 22. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我给他看了我的宿舍，我最喜欢吃早餐的地方，甚至还有我大学时工作过的酒吧。A. gave 给；B. showed 展示；C. offered 提供；D. invited 邀请。根据上文“wanted my son to become familiar with something dear to me.”和句中“my dorm, my favorite breakfast spot, and even the bar”可知，作者给儿子展示了自己大学时熟悉的地方。故选B项。 23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我给他看了我的宿舍，我最喜欢吃早餐的地方，甚至还有我大学时工作过的酒吧。A. college 大学；B. company 公司；C. childhood 童年；D. trip 旅行。根据上文“I took my six-year-old son Joe on a weekend trip to the University of Virginia, my alma mater (母校).”和“wanted my son to become familiar with something dear to me.”可知，作者带儿子去了自己以前的大学，所以儿子看到的是大学里的一些地方。故选A项。 24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一切都引起了我儿子的注意，但却没有我所期望的反应。A. thought 想法；B. response 反应；C. impression 印象；D. behavior 行为。根据上文可知，作者想让儿子去看自己大学时生活学习的地方，但转折连词“but”说明，实际情况和预想的不一样，结合“I expected”可推知，是儿子的反应和作者的期望不一致。故选B项。 25．考查副词词义辨析。句意：更糟糕的是，我们已经无事可做了。A. Worse 更糟；B. Still 仍然；C. Again 再一次；D. However 然而。根据句中“we were running out of things to do.”可知，不但儿子的反应和作者的期望不一样，到后来，他们甚至都找不到事情做了。这是更糟糕的情况。故选A项。 26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我永远不会忘记他的回答：“我不介意找一套秋千。”。A. ignore 忽略；B. understand 理解；C. miss 错过；D. forget 忘记。作者本想带儿子去看自己大学时生活学习的地方，去缅怀一下自己的过去，但儿子却说“I would not mind finding a swing set (秋千).”。这说明儿子跟作者的想法完全不一样，这是作者没有料到的情况，所以感到意外，印象深刻，不会忘记。故选D项。 27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，我突然意识到，虽然我以为自己对大学城了如指掌，但我不知道该去哪里找秋千。A. promised 承诺；B. destroyed 破坏；C. suggested 建议；D. struck 突然想到。句中“while I thought I knew every inch of my college town, I had no idea & to look.”是作者听到儿子的话后想到的事情；it strike sb. that…”某人突然想到……”。故选D项。 28．考查副词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，我突然意识到，虽然我以为自己对大学城了如指掌，但我不知道该去哪里找秋千。A. how 如何；B. what 什么；C. where 在哪里；D. why 为什么。根据上文“I would not mind finding a swing set (秋千).”可知，儿子想找秋千，结合句中“while I thought I knew every inch of my college town, I had no idea...”可知，作者不知道去哪儿找秋千。故选C项。 29．考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，我想起了维纳布尔小学，一个我经过无数次却从未真正注意过的地方。A. Hardly 几乎不；B. Eventually 最后；C. Undoubtedly 无疑；D. Surprisingly 令人惊讶的是。根据下文“I remembered”可知，作者最终想到了去哪儿找秋千。故选B项。 30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，我想起了维纳布尔小学，一个我经过无数次却从未真正注意过的地方。A. passed 经过；B. saw 看到；C. visited 拜访；D. approached 接近。根据句中“but never really noticed”可知，上下文有转折关系。结合句中“countless times”可推知，我经过维纳布尔小学无数次，但从未真正注意过它，符合语境。故选A项。 31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们把车停在停车场里，周六的停车场空无一人，我推着儿子，看着他高兴地来回摇摆。A. pushed 推；B. encouraged 鼓励；C. amused 使……开心；D. stared 盯着。根据句中“him delightedly swing back and forth”可知，作者推着儿子荡秋千。故选A项。 32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：首先，旅行很有趣，常常会带来快乐。A. joy 欢乐；B. happiness 快乐；C. excitement 兴奋；D. surprise 惊讶。结合常识和下文“greater happiness”可知，旅行能带来快乐。故选B项。 33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：第二，不要过于依赖你的计划。A. schedules 时间表；B. others 其他的人或物；C. plans 计划；D. details 细节。根据上文“But maybe greater happiness is just around the corner.”可知，作者认为虽然自己为旅行制定了完美的计划，但一些计划外的事情能带来更大的快乐，所以作者感悟不要太依赖旅行计划。故选C项。 34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽你所能，但要保持灵活，永远记住约翰·列侬说过的话：生活就是当你忙于制定其他计划时发生在你身上的事情。A. relaxed 放松的；B. independent 独立的；C. grateful 感激的；D. flexible 灵活的。根据上文“do not rely too much on your_13.”可推知，作者认为旅行时不要太依赖旅行计划，要保持灵活，要随机应变。故选D项。 35．考查动词短语辨析。句意：第三，无论你认为你知道多少，总是有新的看待事物的方式。A. look at 看；B. speak up 大声说出来；C. hear of 听说；D. jump at 欣然接受。根据句中“a new way”和“no matter how much you think you know.”可推知，作者认为有新的方式来看待事情。故选A项。 36. amazing 37. has been focused/ has focused/ has been focusing 38. which 39. was given 40. his 41. To help 42. with 43. Watching 44. impression 45. fully 【难度】0.65 【知识点】语言与文化 【文件】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了理查德·西尔斯一直专注于讲述汉字背后故事。 36．考查形容词。句意：汉字是如此神奇，以至于许多外国人都为之疯狂。空格处是表语，说明主语 Chinese characters，为物，表示“惊人的”，应用说明事物状态或性质的-ing 形容词 amazing。故填 amazing。 37．考查时态。句意：在过去的三十年里，理查德·西尔斯一直专注于一件事：讲述许多中国汉字背后的故事。根据时间状语 In the past three decades 可知，句子时态用现在完成时；结合短语 be focused on“专注于”，其中形容词 focused 用来描述主语的状态，对某一事物或目标有专注、集中注意力的态度或行为，主语 Richard Sears 为第三人称单数形式，助动词用 has。故填 has been focused。 38．考查定语从句。句意：他在 2002 年建立了一个网站，并将其命名为“汉语词源”，这个网站给访问者提供机会可以免费查看各种形式的汉字的发展情况。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词 a website，指物，关系词替代先行词在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词 which 引导。故填 which。 39．考查动词时态语态。句意：因为这个广受欢迎的网站，他成了中国网民给他起的绰号“汉字叔叔”。空格处在句中作 which 引导的定语从句的谓语，根据 became 可知，描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，give 与先行词 nickname 之间是被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，be 动词用 was。故填 was given。 40．考查代词。句意：今年 9 月，西尔斯在南京成立了自己的工作室，这是当地政府推广中国文化计划的一部分。此处修饰名词 studio，应用形容词性物主代词 his，作定语。故填 his。 41．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了帮助中外学习者更好地理解汉字，该工作室致力于借助技术手段讲述汉字背后的故事。空格处用动词不定式表示目的，作目的状语，句首单词首字母大写。故填 To help。 42．考查介词。句意：为了帮助中外学习者更好地理解汉字，工作室借助科技讲述汉字背后的故事。固定短语 with the aid of 表示“借助于，在……的帮助下”。故填 with。 43．考查非谓语动词。句意：观看这些视频不仅带来乐趣，而且让人们更加了解汉字，给他们留下了深刻的印象。空处作主语，应用动名词形式，单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填 Watching。 44．考查名词。句意：观看这些视频不仅带来乐趣，而且让人们更加了解汉字，给他们留下了深刻的印象。此处应用名词 impression 作宾语，由 a 可知，应用单数形式，leave sb. a deep impression，意为“给某人留下深刻印象”。故填 impression。 45．考查副词。句意：在西尔斯等人的不懈努力和政府的支持下，更多的人将充分领略汉字的美。修饰动词 appreciate 应用副词 fully 作状语。故填 fully。 71. Dear fellow students, I'm writing to talk about the "Clean Plate Campaign". It's sad to see so much food left in the bins of our canteen every day. Wasting food means wasting the hard work of farmers and hurting our environment. To make a change, here are three practical steps we can all take. First, know your appetite. Please take only the amount of food you can finish. If you're not very hungry, ask for a smaller serving. Second, make "Clean Plate" your goal. Try to finish everything you take and feel good about it. Third, be an encourager. Please share the idea with your friends and remind each other to save food. A small step by each of us can lead to a big change for our school. Let's start from today and make our canteen a better place! Yours, Li Hua 【范文解析】 1. 结构清晰，逻辑连贯 开头（现象与危害）：直接点明主题“光盘行动”，并用“It's sad to see...”描述现象。接着用“means”清晰地指出两大危害，逻辑顺畅。 主体（三点建议）：使用“First,” “Second,” “Third,” 使建议条理分明。三点建议从“个人取餐”到“个人行动”再到“影响他人”，由浅入深，层层递进。 结尾（呼呼行动）：使用“A small step... can lead to a big change...”这一经典句式，并发出具体号召，简洁有力。 2. 语言精准，符合水平 全文词汇均在高一学生所学范围内，但运用得非常地道和准确： 核心词汇：campaign, canteen, appetite, serving, practical steps, encourager. 亮点短语： make a change (做出改变) practical steps (实用的步骤) know your appetite (清楚自己的食量 - 比“think about”更精准) make ... your goal (把...当作你的目标) feel good about it (为此感到高兴 - 传递积极情感) lead to a big change (带来巨大的改变) 3. 思想性与亲和力 文章没有使用生硬的说教，而是用“we”和“you”拉近与读者的距离，像是同学之间的真诚呼吁。在提出建议时，注重心理感受（feel good about it），更容易让人接受。将“节约”这一美德，转化为具体的、可实现的“目标”和“行动”，更具引导性。 总结：这篇范文成功的关键在于，它用最基础的词汇和句式，构建了清晰的结构、地道的表达和积极的号召力，完全符合高考应用文内容完整、语言准确、逻辑清晰的高分标准，非常适合高一学生学习和模仿。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年度第一学期高中阶段联考（12月） 高一英语试卷 考试时间：120分钟 满分：120分 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题，每题2.5分，共37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Bike Rental & Guided Tours Welcome to Amsterdam, welcome to MacBike. You see much more from the seat of a bike! Cycling is the most economical, sustainable and fun way to explore the city, with its beautiful canals, parks, squares and countless lights. You can also bike along lovely landscapes outside of Amsterdam. Why MacBike MacBike has been around for almost 30 years and is the biggest bicycle rental company in Amsterdam. With over 2,500 bikes stored in our five rental shops at strategic locations, we make sure there is always a bike available for you. We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety, including basic bikes with foot brake (刹车), bikes with hand brake and gears (排挡), bikes with child seats, and children’s bikes. Prices Guided City Tours The 2.5-hour tour covers the Gooyer Windmill, the Skinny Bridge, the Rijksmuseum, Heineken Brewery and much more. The tour departs from Dam Square every hour on the hour, starting at 1:00 pm every day. You can buy your ticket in a MacBike shop or book online. 1. What is an advantage of MacBike? A. It gives children a discount. B. It offers many types of bikes. C. It organizes free cycle tours. D. It has over 2,500 rental shops. 2. How much do you pay for renting a bike with hand brake and three gears for two days? A. €15.75. B. €19.50. C. €22.75. D. €29.50. 3. Where does the guided city tour start? A. The Gooyer Windmill. B. The Skinny Bridge. C. Heineken Brewery. D. Dam Square. B Last summer, I went to France for a holiday. I was so excited but also a little nervous because my French was not good. One hot afternoon, after exploring the city, I felt really tired. I wanted to tell my French friend, Claire, “I am a little tired.” I carefully said the words I’d learned: “Je suis un pue fatigue.” But Claire burst out laughing. My face felt hot. What had I done wrong? Claire explained, “In French, there are words that sound similar but have very different meanings; ‘peu’ means ‘a little,’ but if you pronounce it differently, it can sound like ‘pue’, which means ‘stinks’ — like something smells bad. So, instead of saying you needed a rest, it sounded like you were saying you smelled bad and were tired”. This awkward (尴尬的) moment was a real eye-opener for me. It made me realize just how daunting pronunciation can be in a foreign language. Even small differences in pronunciation can completely change the meaning of what you’re trying to say. The same is true in English, for example, “ship” (a large boat) and “sheep” (a woolly animal) sound very similar, but they mean totally different things. Now, I pay extra attention to how words sound and what they mean. And if I mix them up again? I’ll just laugh along. After all, laughing is part of learning - even if it’s a bit stinky sometimes. 4. Why was the author nervous about his holiday in France? A. He was poor at French. B. He never went abroad. C. He had no friends there. D. He was in short of money. 5. What awkward moment did the author meet? A. He met a wrong person. B. He made a pronunciation mistake. C. He was tricked by the locals. D. He spelt a word incorrectly. 6. What lesson did the author learn from his embarrassing experience? A. It is better to stay silent than to risk making mistakes. B. Mastering grammar is more important than pronunciation. C. A tiny error in speech can lead to a major misunderstanding. D. French is the most difficult language for foreigners to learn. 7. How did the author’s experience in France affect him? A. He smelled bad and was tired. B. He hated learning foreign languages. C. He no longer considered Claire as a friend. D. He became open to mistakes in language learning. C When learning a foreign language, most people fall back on traditional ways: reading, writing, listening and repeating. But Brian Mathias’ research team found out that if you gesture(做手势) with your arms while studying, you can remember the vocabulary better, even months later. As Mathias describes, they had 22 German-speaking adults learn a total of 90 invented words over four days. While the test subjects first heard the new vocabulary, they were shown a video of a person making a gesture that matched the meaning of the word. When the word was repeated, the subjects performed the gesture themselves. Five months later, they were asked to translate the vocabulary they had learned into German. At the same time, they had equipment attached to their heads that sent weak distracting signals to their primary motor cortex (运动皮层) — the brain area that controls voluntary arm movements. Those who performed better on the task showed a higher level of activity in their motor cortex. The researchers concluded that the motor cortex contributed to the translation of the vocabulary learned with gestures. The effect did not occur when the subjects were only presented with matching pictures instead of gestures. Another research group led by Leipzig had young adults and eight-year-old children listen to new vocabulary for five days, paired with matching pictures or videos of gestures. After two months, the two methods were still equally effective. But after six months, the adults benefited more from the gestures than the pictures, while the children were helped equally by both. But it is not only the motor cortex itself that promotes learning. The meaning expressed by the gesture also figures in, “I think we underuse gesture in our classrooms,” Goldin-Meadow says. “Good teachers and good listeners use it, but not always in a systematic way. Others don’t necessarily bring it into the class — and it could be used more often and more effectively.” 8. What do we know according to Brian Mathias’ research? A. Those only presented with matching pictures performed better. B. The motor cortex had nothing to do with the vocabulary learning. C. The research concluded that gestures benefited vocabulary learning. D. 22 German-speaking adults and children were chosen as the test subjects. 9. Why was equipment attached to the subjects’ heads during Mathias’ test? A. To count words. B. To record emotion. C. To influence brain activity. D. To give clues to questions. 10. What does Leipzig’s research tell us about language learning? A. Adults and children are equally good learners. B. Pictures have little influence on language learning. C. Pictures are found more helpful than videos for children. D. Benefits of gestures are more obvious in adults in the long run. 11. What does the author suggest teachers do in the classroom? A. Make better use of gestures. B. Teach listening in a systematic way. C. Avoid traditional teaching approaches. D. Do some scientific researches on teaching. D Expecting the worst to avoid feeling bad later is known as “bracing”. It may help them prepare for emotionally challenging situations, particularly in the moments before these situations occur. People brace for the worst while awaiting potentially negative outcomes. Someone might also brace for the worst in anticipation of stressful events like giving a presentation at work. Some psychological theories suggest that bracing should help. For example, “decision affect theory” proposes that how we feel about a situation is determined partly by comparing what actually happened with what could have happened. Based on this, people should be happy when an event goes beyond their expectations, and disappointed when an event falls behind. Therefore, by anticipating the worst, one can safeguard themselves against future disappointment, as any result is likely to surpass their expectations. Other psychological theories, nevertheless, undermine the idea that bracing will be helpful. It has been theorized and scientifically established that expectations can powerfully influence reality. There are two key ways that expectations can shape reality. First, people may behave in ways that fit with their expectations. If you expect to fail an upcoming test or interview, then you might not invest efforts in preparation, which in turn reduces your chances of doing well. Second, people may interpret a situation in line with their expectations. Imagine you believe you are insufficiently qualified for a job you’ve applied for. During the job interview, you’re likely to interpret blank expressions from the interviewer in line with this belief, which could negatively affect your performance. In fact, the interviewer did not want to give anything away. Drawing together the scientific studies, it seems that expecting the worst is anything but a wise way to prepare for upcoming news or results. It might be more sensible to hold positive expectations than to brace for the worst. 12. What is the second paragraph mainly about? A. The logic of preparing for the worst. B. The theory of comparing past and future. C. The conflict between people’s expectation and reality. D. The emotions hidden behind anticipating the worst. 13. What does the underlined word “undermine” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Strengthen. B. Propose. C. Weaken. D. Justify. 14. How can negative expectations probably affect people’s performance in reality? A. By reducing people’s chances of doing well. B. By stimulating people’s ambition and motivation. C. By giving weight to people’s potential of excellence. D. By causing less preparation and some misinterpretations. 15. Which would the author most likely agree with regarding “bracing for the worst”? A. It fully guarantees people a positive emotional experience. B. It may bring more drawbacks than benefits in practice. C. It is a universal solution for handling difficult situations. D. It has no impact on how people view real-life events. 第二节（共5小题，每题2.5分，共12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 As a speaker of 10 languages, I know the benefits of speaking more than one language. Actually, it is not a big challenge to learn languages. We only have to change the way we learn them. ______16______ Language learning is hard. It will be only difficult to learn a language if you don’t want to. ______17______ What you mostly need to do is spend some time listening and reading. Believe me, it is that simple. I have done it many times. Soon you will feel the satisfaction of understanding another language. Before you know it you start speaking. ______18______ No, you don’t. Anyone who wants to learn can succeed. In Sweden and the Netherlands most people speak more than one language. They can’t just all be gifted in languages. Foreign athletes in North America usually learn to speak English faster than people in more formal learning environments. In language learning it is attitude that determines success. You have to live where the language is spoken. Some immigrants (移民) to North America never learn to speak more than broken English. Yet we meet people in other countries who speak perfect English. In 1968, I learnt to speak Mandarin fluently while living in San Francisco. ______19______ You can download it to your cellphone and listen. Where you live is not a problem. I would love to learn but I don’t have the time. How about the time you spend waiting in line, doing things around the house and going for a walk? ______20______ Once you get started, even 10 or 15 minutes a day will soon grow to 30 minutes a day, or one hour. If you believe you will achieve great results, and if you enjoy doing it, as I do, you will find the time. I believe if you can avoid these traps, you will surely become masters of language learning. A. The following are some tips for you to follow. B. You have to have a gift for learning languages. C. Learning a language takes time, but is not difficult. D. We need to avoid some common misunderstandings. E. Languages can only be learnt instead of being taught. F. Why not use that time to listen to a language on your cellphone? G. With the Internet, language content is available to anyone with a computer. 第二部分 语言应用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题，每题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 I took my six-year-old son Joe on a weekend trip to the University of Virginia, my alma mater (母校). I had planned out every detail 21______ and wanted my son to become familiar with something dear to me. I 22______ him my dorm, my favorite breakfast spot, and even the bar where I’d worked in my 23______. All of this registered with my son, but without the 24______ I expected. 25______, we were running out of things to do. I asked Joe what he wanted to see. I would never 26______ his response: “I would not mind finding a swing set (秋千).” That’s when it 27______ me that while I thought I knew every inch of my college town, I had no idea 28______ to look. 29______, I remembered the Venable Elementary School, something I’d 30______ countless times but never really noticed. We parked in the lot, empty on a Saturday, and I 31______ my son and watched him delightedly swing back and forth. What did I learn on that trip? First, travel is great fun and often leads to 32______. But maybe greater happiness is just around the corner. Second, do not rely too much on your 33______. Do your best but stay 34______, and always remember what John Lennon said: Life is what happens to you while you are busy making other plans. Third, there is always a new way to 35______ things, no matter how much you think you know. 21. A. in total B. in fact C. in advance D. in order 22. A. gave B. showed C. offered D. invited 23. A. college B. company C. childhood D. trip 24. A. thought B. response C. impression D. behavior 25. A. Worse B. Still C. Again D. However 26. A. ignore B. understand C. miss D. forget 27. A. promised B. destroyed C. suggested D. struck 28. A. how B. what C. where D. why 29. A. Hardly B. Eventually C. Undoubtedly D. Surprisingly 30. A. passed B. saw C. visited D. approached 31. A. pushed B. encouraged C. amused D. stared 32. A. joy B. happiness C. excitement D. surprise 33. A. things B. others C. plans D. details 34. A. relaxed B. independent C. grateful D. flexible 35. A. look at B. speak up C. hear of D. jump at 第二节（共10小题，每题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese characters are so ______36______ (amaze) that even many foreigners are crazy about them. In the past three decades, Richard Sears ______37______ (focus) on one thing: telling many stories behind Chinese characters. His interest in Chinese language and characters dates back to 1972. He built a website in 2002 and named it Chinese Etymology (词源), ______38______ provides visitors with opportunities to check the development of Chinese characters in a variety of forms for free. Because of this well-received website, he became Uncle Hanzi, a nickname (昵称) which ______39______ (give) by Chinese netizens. In September, Sears set up ______40______ (he) studio in Nanjing as part of the local government’s plan to promote Chinese culture. ______41______ (help) both Chinese and foreign learners have a better understanding of Chinese characters, the studio tells stories behind Chinese characters ______42______ the aid of technology. They have made over 60 videos in English with Chinese subtitles for Bilibili, a popular video website among young people. ______43______ (watch) the videos not only brings fun but also makes people know more about Chinese characters, leaving them a deep ______44______ (impress). With the tireless efforts of people like Richard Sears and the government’s support, more people will appreciate the beauty of Chinese characters ______45______ (full). 第三部分 基础知识（共两节，满分25分） 第一节（共15题，每题1分，共15分） 从下面的四个选项中选出最佳选项。 46. The company’s ______ report showed a significant increase in profits compared to last year. A. curious B. confident C. annual D. fluent 47. To ______ the package on time, the courier (快递员) had to start his route very early in the morning. A. impress B. deliver C. judge D. respect 48. Many students ______ for the school basketball team during the new term. A. apply B. suffer C. focus D. ignore 49. The scientist’s ______ is to complete the research project before the deadline. A. aim B. habit C. method D. attitude 50. This special tool will ______ you to fix the bike much more easily. A. enable B. encourage C. challenge D. persuade 51. The book describes his exciting ______ sailing alone across the Atlantic Ocean. A. generation B. adventure C. system D. expert 52. After the news was announced, the company’s stock price ______ dramatically. A. judged B. impressed C. respected D. crashed 53. Her friendly ______ towards the new student made him feel very welcome. A. summary B. behaviour C. identity D. data 54. When the train began to ______ the platform, all the passengers gathered their luggage. A. appreciate B. select C. approach D. conclude 55. After losing his passport, he had to ______ help from the local embassy (大使馆). A. decline B. donate C. schedule D. seek 56. I'm considering buying a dictionary, ______ is a great help in our study. A. which B. what C. that D. as 57. Please tell me the reason ______ you are late for the meeting. A. that B. which C. whose D. why 58. The artist ______ paintings were exhibited in the gallery is very young. A. That B. which C. whose D. where 59. After the promotion, he entered a stage in his career ______ he faced more challenges and opportunities. A. That B. which C. whose D. where 60. The only thing ______ really matters is your health. A. Who B. which C. that D. why 第二节（共10题，每题1分，共10分） 从下面的10个词组中选择恰当的形式，填入句子。 61. When you feel confused, you should always ______ your teachers ______ help. 62. After he moved abroad, we ______ him and haven't heard from him since. 63. He went to the big city with a dream to ______ through business. 64. Please ______ that all applications must be submitted before the deadline. 65. Scientists are still working hard to find ______ the environmental problem. 66. Despite the heavy snow, the postman had to ______ to deliver our letters. 67. I ______ leave my house when the phone rang suddenly. 68. ______ sports, have you watched the basketball final last night? 69. My suggestion is to save some money each month, and I hope you will ______. 70. With great efforts, they ______ finish the project on time. 第四部分 写作（满分15分） 71. 假设你是李华，你发现学校食堂的食物浪费现象比较严重。请以“光盘行动（Clean Plate Campaign）”为主题，用英文写一封倡议信，发表在校园公告栏上，呼吁同学们节约粮食。 内容包括： 1. 描述食堂里食物浪费的现象； 2. 提出2-3条具体的节约建议； 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 倡议信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear fellow students, ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $