语法第一讲谓语动词和非谓语动词导学案-2026届高三英语一轮复习

该高中英语高考复习导学案聚焦谓语动词与非谓语动词核心考点，系统整合时态语态、简单句/并列句/主从句结构及长难句分析等高考必备语法知识，通过“基础辨识-句类应用-长难句拆解”三级架构，引导学生以思考题（如判断多谓语错误句）、例题精讲（找谓语动词）、任务驱动（订正病句）方式自主构建语法知识网络。 亮点在于“诊断-订正-提升”闭环设计，开篇3道病句诊断题助学生自主发现多谓语、非谓语误用问题，课堂练习中“谓语vs非谓语”分类题强化辨识能力，结合高考语法填空真题（如Disney film which was considered）提升应用能力，培养语言能力与思维品质。学案提供错题归因模板，教师可通过学生订正情况精准指导，支持个性化复习与因材施教。

学科教师辅导教案 年 级：高三 辅导科目：英语 学员姓名： 课程主题：谓语动词和非谓语动词 授课时间： 学习目标 1、 掌握语法谓语动词和非谓语动词。 教学内容 【讲练1】 【讲练谓语动词】 第一点：谓语动词 主动 被动 一般现在时 He finishes homework. Homework is finished by him. 一般过去时 He finished homework. 一般将来时 finish为例（finish homework） 现在进行时 过去进行时 现在完成时 过去完成时 思考：以上句子中哪些部分是谓语动词？圈画以上句子中的谓语动词 表示时态的部分是谓语动词（推测谓语动词和之前学的哪个内容有联系，即时态语态） 除了像finish这样实意动词构成谓语动词外，be动词也是谓语动词的一部分。 He is a teacher. He was a teacher. He has been a teacher. He had been a teacher. 通过上面内容可知，一句话中有一个谓语动词，这个谓语动词要么是be动词，要么是实意动词。 例题精讲1：找出下列句子中的谓语动词 1.This is the hotel, which is only five minutes’ walk from here. 2.The speaker will tell us about some writers and their work that are known to us. 注释：be动词也是谓语动词，比如am，is，are是谓语动词，因为它们表示一般现在时。 答案：1.is；is；2.will tell；are 【课堂练习一】 1：判断下列动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词 does；has；is；makes；worked；had begun；was going to be tested out；didn’t want；would be；persuaded；to be harmed；dressing 谓语动词为： 非谓语动词为： 答案：谓语动词为：does, has, is, makes, had begun, was going to be tested out, didn’t want, would be 非谓语动词为：to be harmed, dressing 既可能是谓语动词又可能是非谓语动词的是：worked；persuaded，既可能是过去式也可能是过去分词 2.判断第1、5和10题填谓语动词还是非谓语动词 　1　(feel) anxious, Han Jing started her new life at senior high school. She wanted to make a good first 　2　(impress) but was worried that no one would talk to her.  At 12:30 p.m., she had her first maths class, and 　3　 was difficult. 　4　(lucky), she found her classmates and teachers friendly and helpful. In the afternoon, she 　5　(have) a great chemistry class in the science lab. 　6　 guy next to her was so talkative and prevented her from concentrating 　7　the experiment. She felt 　8　(annoy) and wanted to be left alone.  At the end of the first day, Han Jing was not a bit frightened and became　9　(confident) than she felt in the morning. Although she still misses her old friends, she believes she will make new friends here and there's a lot 　10　 (explore) at senior high.   答案：第1题为非谓语动词，因为这一句中的started是动词过去式，是谓语动词。第5题，句子中没有动词，因此需要填一个谓语动词。第10题，is是谓语动词，因此这里填非谓语动词。 1.Feeling 2.impression　 3.it　 4.Luckily　5.had　6.The　7.on　8.annoyed　9.more confident　10.to explore　 例题精讲2（重点☆☆☆☆：将谓语动词延伸到一般疑问句、否定句和特殊疑问句中） 例1. His parents are teachers. （系动词作谓语） 例2. We study hard.（行为动词作谓语） 例3. We don’t finish reading the book.（助动词和行为动词一起作谓语，注意否定句中的谓语动词） 【课堂练习二】 3. 挑出下列句中的谓语动词 ① My brother doesn't do his homework. 谓语： ② People all over the world speak English. 谓语： ③They all like swimming on Sundays. 谓语： ④ How many new words do you learn ? 谓语： ⑤ Some of the students in the school want to go swimming. 谓语： 时态： 答案：① doesn’t do ②speak ③like ④ do; learn ⑤ want 4.下列四个句子中哪个句子的划线部分是谓语动词 1. Sport provides entertainment for people all over the world. 2. Dinosaurs died a long time before people appeared on Earth. 3. They make your heart stronger and they improve your blood circulation. 4. Many houses have a special system called “central heating”. 答案：第2个句子中画的是谓语动词，尤其注意第4句 第二点：非谓语动词 只有三种形式：to do; doing; done 例句： 1.We all expect to see you back.我们都期待着你回来。 2.I didn't mean to hurt you.我不是有意要伤害你。 3.Have you arranged to meet him?你安排好去见他了吗? 4.Mr Smith had his house broken into while he was away on holiday.史密斯先生 在外度假时,有人闯入了他家。 5.He stood there with his eyes fixed on the picture.他站在那里，眼睛盯着那幅图画。 6.He insisted on doing it in his own way. 他坚持要按照自己的方法做。 7.The boy playing football on the playground is my younger brother.在操场上踢足球的那个男孩是我的弟弟。 注意：（除做句子的主宾表等成分的外，一般分析主干结构时，不分析） 第三点：介词短语 1. In India, for example, most people traditionally eat with their hands. 2. The mother continued to care for the young panda for more than two years. 注意：（固定搭配除外，比如look after，不把after+名词当成一个介词短语） 【讲练2】 长难句基础一： 一、思考 思考题1： 什么是谓语动词？ 思考题2： 找出下列句子中的谓语动词，这些句子是否正确呢？ 1.There are many famous cultural relics in our country, many dated back to thousands of years ago. 2.On the contrary, only 9 percent of people have long-term and clear plans become elites years later. 3.Secondly, I can do what I want after five years, such as travelling around the world and learn more different languages. 二、回答问题：（三种基本句子结构） 1.什么是简单句？ 以上五种基本结构构成的句子为简单句 （大多数的句子都是由以上五种基本结构的句子构成） 2. 什么是并列句？并列连词有哪些？ and，or，but，so 例句： 1.He helps me and I help him.他帮我，我帮他。 2.Hurry up, and we will catch the early bus. 3.It rained heavily yesterday but I had to attend the party.昨天雨下得很大，但是我必须去参加聚会。 2.1并列句和简单句之间的关系. 由并列连词将两个或两个以上平等关系的简单句连接在一起构成的句子叫并列句。其结构是：简单句 +并列连词+简单句 2.2并列句和谓语动词之间的关系。 两个谓语动词；两个简单句的并列 三个谓语动词：三个简单句的并列 以此类推.... He not only gave us a lot of advice, but also helped us to study English. 他不仅给我们出很多建议并且还帮助 我学英语。 Hurry up, or (else) you’ll be late. 快点，否则就会迟到了。 3.什么是主从句？有哪些从句？哪些词可以引导从句？从句和主句的区别。 名词性从句，定语从句和状语从句 状语从句（相当于副词，修饰动词） 定语从句（相当于前置的形容词，修饰名词） 名词性从句（相当于名词） （注意：在基本句型结构中，前置形容词和副词都不做句子成分，因而无需分析，直接去掉。） 3.1主从句和简单句之间的关系 有一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子叫主从句 （可以将它们之间的关系想象成主人和仆从的关系） 3.2主从句和谓语动词之间的关系。 两个谓语动词；一个主句和一个从句 三个谓语动词：一个主句和两个从句 以此类推.... 从句是由连词或关系词开头的句子。主句是没有这些词开头的句子。 3、 总结 英语学习中有三大基本的句类:简单句、并列句和主从句。 （我自己的注：大部分的英语句子都属于这三类） 四、订正 一句话中有且仅有一个非并列的谓语动词。 下面这两句话正确吗？ Class One has 40 students, most of them are boys. Class One has 40 students are boys. 这两句中都有两个谓语动词，has和are，但既不是并列句又不是主从句，因此都是错误的。可以通过加并列连词或主从连词的方式改写句子。 能根据上面讲的内容，改正下列句子吗？ 1.There are many famous cultural relics in our country, many dated back to thousands of years ago. 2.On the contrary, only 9 percent of people have long-term and clear plans become elites years later. 3.Secondly, I can do what I want after five years, such as travelling around the world and learn more different languages. 这三句中都有两个谓语动词，但既不是并列句又不是主从句，因此都是错误的。可以通过加并列连词或主从连词的方式改写句子。 1.There are many famous cultural relics in our country, many dating back to thousands of years ago. 2.On the contrary, only 9 percent of people who have long-term and clear plans become elites years later. 3.Secondly, I can do what I want after five years, such as travelling around the world and learning more different languages. 【巩固练习】 一、句型的区分 1：找出下列句子中的谓语动词，并判断为何种句型。 1.Mary lives in the room, the door of which opens east. 2.Whatever he does has nothing to do with me.（does是助动词还是实意动词，若是实意动词，是什么意思） 3.Energy is what makes things work. 4.The engineer with whom my father is talking has just come from abroad. 5.This is where Shenzhou spaceship landed. 6.This is the hotel, which is only five minutes’ walk from here. 7.It appeared to me that he enjoyed the food very much. 8.The lady whom you spoke to is a woman scientist. 9.However rich people are, they always seem anxious to make more money. 10.He had so little education that he didn’t know that. 第1题，谓语动词为lives和opens，两个谓语动词，不是并列句，因此为主从复合句 第2题，谓语动词为does和has，为主从复合句 第3题，谓语动词为is和makes，为主从复合句。 第4题，谓语动词为is和landed，为主从复合句 第5题，谓语动词为is和is，为主从复合句。 第6题，谓语动词为appeared和enjoyed，为主从复合句。 第8题，谓语动词为spoke和is，为主从复合句。 第9题，谓语动词为are和seem，为主从复合句。 第10题，谓语动词为had和didn’t know，为主从复合句。 2：找出下列句子中的谓语动词，并判断为何种句型。 1.On the train I saw a student I thought was your sister. 2.____he will go to work in a mountain village surprises all of us. 3. ____caused the accident is still a complete mystery. 4.The speaker will tell us about some writers and their work are known to us. 5.The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at _____ I thought was a dangerous speed. 6. A modern city has been set up in ____ was a wasteland ten years ago 7 It is said____ ____ was all ___ he said. 8. It was not long______the writer finished his novel. 9. We shall go swimming______we have time. 第1题 谓语动词为saw和was，注意I thought为插入语，可以先不看。 第2题 谓语动词为will go和surprises 第3题 谓语动词为caused和is 第4题 谓语动词为will tell和are 第5题 谓语动词为drove和was，注意I thought为插入语，可以先不看。 第6题 谓语动词为has been set和was 第7题 谓语动词为is said，was和said 第8题 谓语动词为was和finished 第9题 谓语动词为shall go和have 二、非谓语动词和谓语动词的区分 非谓语动词是汉语中没有的语言现象。汉语中几个谓语动词连用而动词不用作任何形式的变化。如：他明天来拜访你。翻译成英语不是He will come visit you，而是He will come to visit you.这里就用了动词不定式to visit。因此我们要特别注意分析句子的结构。记住：谓语动词在句中可单独作谓语，而非谓语动词可以做除谓语之外的任何成分(见非谓语动词的语法功能)。 例1_______ ill staying in hospital for a long time, he tried his best to make up for what he missed.(be) 例2_______ yourself to it and finally you’ll succeed, if you have a job. (devote) 例3_______ to the top of the high mountain, where you see the whole city.(climb) 例4 The fact that he had rescued 669 children from Czecholslovakia just as the Nazis invaded did not, in his mind, _______heroism.(constitute) 例5 however, everything one sees is filtered through certain conditions, some of _________ historical, and others, natural. 答案：1.Having been ill staying in hospital 2.Devote; 3.Climb 4.Constitute 5.Which 【讲练3】 【长难句分析术】 长难句分析三要点：谓语动词、非谓语动词和介词短语 ( 非谓语动词 ) ( 介词短语 ) ( 谓语动词 ) 分析句子结构时，在它们做定语和状语时，通常可以不看介词短语和非谓语动词，当做主语、宾语、表语和宾补时，仍要注意。 The “Cross-Time and Space Dialogue” exhibition between Ningbo and Xi’ an is the first domestic exhibition to showcase the combined cultural relics of the Silk Road, the Maritime Silk Road, and the Grand Canal, all of ___56___ are world heritage sites. Zhang Liang, the director of Ningbo Museum, said, “the Ningbo Museum ___57___ (seek) partnerships with cultural institutions for years to enable audiences of the Yangtze River Delta region to appreciate treasures at their doorstep. ...” 【答案】56. which 57. has sought 第一句分析 The “Cross-Time and Space Dialogue” exhibition between Ningbo and Xi’ an is the first domestic exhibition to showcase the combined cultural relics of the Silk Road, the Maritime Silk Road, and the Grand Canal, 谓语动词是__is_______,主语是____The exhibition_____ 【答案】本句简化成The exhibition is the first domestic exhibition. 第二个简单句分析 all of ___56___ are world heritage sites. 谓语动词是_________are,主语是_________all of ___56___ 第三句分析 the Ningbo Museum ___57___ (seek) partnerships with cultural institutions for years to enable audiences of the Yangtze River Delta region to appreciate treasures at their doorstep. 谓语动词是_________,主语是_________ 【答案】本句简化成the Ningbo Museum ___57___ (seek) partnerships 【提高练习】 1.For example, in 1998, Disney produced a film named Mulan, which 1 (consider) a great success by critics and the public right after its release. 1.was considered 2.When I 2.1 (wander) there and laid eyes on the masterpieces, mostly I 2.2 (strike) by the works of the two Impressionists Claude Monet and Pierre·Auguste Renoir. Monet, works were greatly inspired by nature, brought the same water lily pond’s beauty to the canvas in unique way, using different colors and styles. 2.wandered；was striken 3.In the mid-19th century, the world ____3.1____ (destroy) by cholera, a disease that killed thousands. In London, the epidemic (流行病) was particularly severe, with bodies piling up and fear running wild. In this chaos, a man named John Snow rose ____3.2____ (challenge) the invisible enemy. 3.1. was destroyed 3.2. to challenge 4. The entire piece 4 (finish) in the handscroll format (手卷格式) at that time and the content reveals the lifestyle of all levels of society from rich to poor as well as different economic activities. 4.is finished 5.The left half is the urban area where economic activities, such as people loading things onto the boat, shops, and even a tax office, 5 (be) clear enough to be seen. 5. are 补充知识： 句型复杂化的三种手段 1. 从句的嵌套 2. 从句的并列 3. 并列句带从句 ( 12 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $