专题13 被动语态（培优专练）（全国通用）2026年中考英语一轮复习高效培优系列

专题13 被动语态 目 录 刷考点 精准巩固，扫清盲区 考点1 被动语态的基本用法 考点2 主动语态变被动语态的特殊情况 考点3 主动结构表被动意义的情况 练思维 聚焦过程，优化策略 测综合 跨界融合，挑战创新 ■刷考点 考点1 被动语态的基本用法 1．—Look! Those mountains are covered with green trees. —Sure. A number of trees _________ on them every year. A．plant B．planted C．is planted D．are planted 2．We will go on a trip as soon as your homework ________ tomorrow. A．is finished B．finishes C．will be finished D．will finish 3．—Was the old man’s house on fire last night? —Yes. Luckily, the old man ________ in time and now he is fine. A．is saved B．will save C．have saved D．was saved 4．The sick commuters ________ one after another by the farmers this morning. A．examine B．are examined C．examined D．were examined 5．This app ________ last year, and it’s very popular among young people now. A．invents B．invented C．was invented D．is invented 6．The foreign guests ________ around our city by our school bus this afternoon. A．will show B．will be shown C．are shown D．are going to show. 7．It’s reported that a hanfu show ________ in the Museum of History next week. A．is held B．was held C．will be held D．has been held 8．The books ________ to the students in the poor areas. A．give B．will give C．are giving D．will be given 9．—What a mess! The shared bikes shouldn’t ________ everywhere. —Let’s put them in the right place. A．are thrown B．were thrown C．threw D．be thrown 10．In order to build a beautiful China and make the nation even greener, bad habits like wasting water should ________. A．avoid B．be avoided C．cancel D．be cancelled 考点2 主动语态变被动语态的特殊情况 1．A basketball match will ________ in the stadium(体育场) this Sunday. A．take place B．happen C．be happened D．be taken place 2．—You should return the book to Mike. It ________ him. —Sure. A．belongs to B．is belonged C．is belonging to D．is being belonged to 3．—This pair of trousers ________ smooth because they are made of cotton in Xinjiang. —So, they ________ well. A．feels, sell B．is felt, are sold C．was felt, sell D．feel, have sold 4．There are so many places of interest in our country that are worth ________. A．visit B．visiting C．to visit D．to be visited 5．We all know that the Anti-Japanese War ________ in 1937 and ________ for eight years. A．broke out; was lasted B．broke out; lasted C．was broken out; was lasted D．was broken out; lasted 6．— Only a little of the Old Summer Palace(圆明园) ________ after the big fire. —What a pity! A．remains B．is remained C．is remaining D．will be remain 7．It’s reported that another big shopping center ________ here next year. A．will open B．opened C．opens D．is open 8．We had to ask them for help because our money ________. A．used up B．was using up C．ran out D．was run out 考点3 主动结构表被动意义的情况 1．—My computer works much more slowly these days. —Maybe it has caught a virus. The computer requires ________ about once a month. A．checking B．to check C．check D．checked 2．The problem is a little bit complicated (复杂的). It needs ________ again. A．discussed B．discussing C．discuss D．to discuss 3．The tickets for Fantastic Beasts: The Secrets of Dumbledore _________ well, and they will _________soon. A．are sold; sell out B．are sold; be sold out C．sell; sell out D．sell; be sold out 4．—What is mum cooking in the kitchen? —Fish, I guess. How nice it ________! A．is smelling B．is smelt C．will smell D．smells ■练思维 一、单项选择 1．—Tom, do you think the rain forests will disappear from the earth one day? —Unless humans ________ from cutting down trees from now on. A．will stop B．will be stopped C．are stopping D．are stopped 2．—What language ________ in Singapore? —Well, they speak English, but most of them can speak Chinese, too. A．speak B．is speaking C．spoke D．is spoken 3．—Mum, when can we ride around the countryside? —Not until the main road ________ next month. A．repairs B．will repair C．will be repaired D．is repaired 4．The tall building ______________ 10 years ago. A．built B．was built C．is built D．builds 5．—Was the old man’s house on fire last night? —Yes. Luckily, the old man ________ in time and now he is fine. A．is saved B．will save C．was saved D．has saved 6．The new library ________ last year and it has become a popular place for students. A．built B．is built C．has been built D．was built 7．Tea ______ by a Chinese ruler Shen Nong about 5,000 years ago. A．discovers B．discovered C．is discovered D．was discovered 8．The old school building ________ next year. A．rebuild B．will rebuild C．are rebuilt D．will be rebuilt 9．Tianjin ________ by more and more people because of its fast development in the future. A．was visited B．is visited C．will visit D．will be visited 10．A talk on Chinese history ________ in the school hall next week. A．is given B．gives C．gave D．will be given 11．—Do you know if the sports meeting ________ on time? —Hard to say. If it ________ tomorrow, we’ll have to put it off. A．is held; will rain B．will be held; will rain C．is held; rains D．will be held; rains 12．—Would you like to go shopping with me after lunch? —I’d love to, but I ________ to go out this afternoon. A．don’t allow B．will allow C．won’t be allowed D．am not allowed 13．An excellent show ________ in our school for the coming Children’s Day. I’d like to watch it. A．hold B．holds C．will be held D．is holding 14．The young trees should __________ as often as possible. A．water B．be water C．be watered D．watered 15．—Tommy is always careless with his schoolwork. Could you help me? —No problem. I think he ________ to think twice before starting. A．should tell B．should be told C．may tell D．may be told 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1．Silk (bring) to Western countries thousands of years ago. 2．Which things can (do) by common people to protect the environment? 3．To play the game, the students (divide) into four groups yesterday. 4．Students in our school (require) to wear uniforms on school days 5．—Does Jim like playing football? —Yes. He (see) playing football after school every day. 6．I (tell) to go to Australia as an exchange student this morning. 7．The two boys were made (complete) 10 hours of community service. 8．I promise that all the problems (solve) by us soon, Mr. Bates. 9．I’m afraid you can’t have days off until your report (finish). 10．The word we should pay attention to (write) on the blackboard just now. ■测综合 一、完形填空 【试题亮点】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述苏轼年少自满，经老者送书点拨后认识到自身不足，修改对联并勤奋治学，终成大家的故事。考点切合本专题，如第6小题考查被动语态。 Su Shi was a famous Chinese writer, poet and painter. When he was young, he read a lot of books and wrote 1 many good articles that people thought he was pretty talented. Because of this, he wrote a couplet (对联) for 2 : Know all the words in the world Read all the books on the earth An old man saw 3 couplet and thought, “Su Shi is so proud. It is necessary for him 4 how to be modest.” So one day, he came to Su Shi’s house 5 a book. The book 6 to Su Shi and the old man said, “ 7 I have read the book many times, there are still some difficult words that I can’t understand. You 8 a person with rich knowledge so I come to you for help.” Su Shi took the book 9 from the old man’s hand. He thought he 10 understand the words. However, when he opened it, he saw a lot of words he didn’t know. At that time, Su Shi realized that there were many other things he needed to learn. His face turned red and he said, “Now I know 11 you came.” Hearing Su Shi’s words, the old man smiled without saying 12 . That day, they read the book together for several hours and 13 of them learned a lot from each other. After the old man left, Su Shi added some words to the couplet: Work hard to know all the words in the world Be determined to read all the books on the earth From then on, Su Shi worked even 14 . He spent more time reading books and he practised 15 all the time. Day by day, he got better and became more successful. 1．A．very B．so C．such D．too 2．A．he B．him C．his D．himself 3．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 4．A．learn B．learning C．to learn D．learns 5．A．to B．with C．for D．at 6．A．shows B．showed C．is shown D．was shown 7．A．When B．Because C．Though D．Unless 8．A．are B．were C．will be D．has been 9．A．happy B．happily C．happier D．happiness 10．A．should B．might C．could D．had better 11．A．that B．how C．why D．what 12．A．nothing B．something C．everything D．anything 13．A．all B．none C．both D．neither 14．A．hard      B．harder      C．hardest D．the hardest 15．A．write B．writes C．writing D．to write 二、语法填空 【试题亮点】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了泰国的大象节，包括举办时间、当地驯象传统，以及节日游行、大象球赛等活动，体现大象的重要地位。考查被动语态，如第9小题。 There is a special festival in Thailand that people and animals celebrate together. It’s Elephant Festival, 1 takes place in the third week of November. In many parts of Thailand, people there are good at 2 (train) elephants. The festival aims to show the 3 (important) of elephants and people’s relationship with them. Elephants have played an important part in Thailand’s history and culture. People 4 (use) to use them in battles in the past and they are now important for tourism. First 5 all, there are elephant parades. 6 (many) than 300 elephants will join the parades in the festival. People dress up in different kinds of Thai clothes. They also decorate their elephants 7 (beautiful). After the parade, the elephants come to a certain place to enjoy fruit as breakfast. There are quite 8 few activities in the festival. For example, soccer matches and dances 9 (hold) between elephants to show their 10 (strong) and skills. 8 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题13 被动语态 目 录 刷考点 精准巩固，扫清盲区 考点1 被动语态的基本用法 考点2 主动语态变被动语态的特殊情况 考点3 主动结构表被动意义的情况 练思维 聚焦过程，优化策略 测综合 跨界融合，挑战创新 ■刷考点 考点1 被动语态的基本用法 1．—Look! Those mountains are covered with green trees. —Sure. A number of trees _________ on them every year. A．plant B．planted C．is planted D．are planted 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——看！那些山上长满了绿树。——当然。每年都在上面种许多树。 考查被动语态和主谓一致。主语“A number of trees”为复数，与动词“plant”为逻辑上的动宾关系，需用被动语态；时间状语“every year”表示一般现在时，因此使用一般现在时的被动语态“are planted”。故选D。 2．We will go on a trip as soon as your homework ________ tomorrow. A．is finished B．finishes C．will be finished D．will finish 【答案】A 【解析】句意：明天你的作业一完成，我们就去旅行。 考查时态和语态。本句是as soon as引导的时间状语从句，主句是将来时，从句用一般现在时，且主语your homework与谓语finish之间是动宾关系，因此用一般现在时的被动语态is finished。故选A。 3．—Was the old man’s house on fire last night? —Yes. Luckily, the old man ________ in time and now he is fine. A．is saved B．will save C．have saved D．was saved 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——昨晚那位老人的房子着火了吗？——是的。幸运的是，老人及时获救了，现在他没事了。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。is saved一般现在时的被动语态；will save一般将来时的主动语态；have saved现在完成时的主动语态；was saved一般过去时的被动语态。根据“last night”可知，事件发生在过去，需用过去时；且“the old man”是“被救”的对象，应用被动语态，“was saved”符合“过去被拯救”的语境，故选D。 4．The sick commuters ________ one after another by the farmers this morning. A．examine B．are examined C．examined D．were examined 【答案】D 【解析】句意：今天早上，生病的通勤者们被农民们一个接一个地检查。 考查被动语态和时态。分析句子可知，主语“The sick commuters”是动作的承受者，需用被动语态；时间状语“this morning”表示过去的时间，因此用一般过去时的被动语态“was/were+动词的过去分词”，主语是复数，be动词用were。故选D。 5．This app ________ last year, and it’s very popular among young people now. A．invents B．invented C．was invented D．is invented 【答案】C 【解析】句意：这个应用程序是去年发明的，现在在年轻人中很流行。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据时间状语“last year”可知，动作发生在过去，且“app”与“invent”之间是被动关系，应用是被发明的，所以此处用一般过去时的被动语态“was/were done”。故选C。 6．The foreign guests ________ around our city by our school bus this afternoon. A．will show B．will be shown C．are shown D．are going to show. 【答案】B 【解析】句意：今天下午，外宾将乘坐我们的校车被带领参观我们的城市。 考查一般将来时的被动语态。根据“this afternoon”可知动作还未进行，所以用一般将来时；show sb. around表示“带某人参观” ，主语“The foreign guests”与动词“show”之间存在被动关系，应使用被动语态。故选B。 7．It’s reported that a hanfu show ________ in the Museum of History next week. A．is held B．was held C．will be held D．has been held 【答案】C 【解析】句意：据报道，一场汉服表演将于下周在历史博物馆举行。 考查时态和语态辨析。is held一般现在时的被动语态；was held一般过去时的被动语态；will be held一般将来时的被动语态；has been held现在完成时的被动语态。句中“next week”表示将来时间，且主语a hanfu show是动作hold的承受者，需用一般将来时被动语态will be done。故选C。 8．The books ________ to the students in the poor areas. A．give B．will give C．are giving D．will be given 【答案】D 【解析】句意：这些书将会被赠给贫困地区的学生们。 考查一般将来时的被动语态。根据句意可知，主语“The books”和动词“give”之间存在被动关系，应用被动语态，结合语境可知这些书还未送出，应用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为will be+过去分词，give的过去分词为given，故选D。 9．—What a mess! The shared bikes shouldn’t ________ everywhere. —Let’s put them in the right place. A．are thrown B．were thrown C．threw D．be thrown 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——真乱！共享单车不应该被到处乱扔。——咱们把它们放回原位。 考查情态动词的被动语态。根据“The shared bikes shouldn’t…everywhere.”以及选项可知，此处指共享单车不应该被到处乱扔，主语“The shared bikes”与动词“throw”之间是被动关系，其结构为“be done”；空前为shouldn’t，其后用动词原形，空处应用be thrown。故选D。 10．In order to build a beautiful China and make the nation even greener, bad habits like wasting water should ________. A．avoid B．be avoided C．cancel D．be cancelled 【答案】B 【解析】句意：为了建设美丽中国并使国家更加绿色，浪费水等坏习惯应该被避免。 考查被动语态。根据“bad habits like wasting water should...”可知，此处表达坏习惯应该被避免，情态动词的被动语态，should be avoided“应该被避免”。故选B。 考点2 主动语态变被动语态的特殊情况 1．A basketball match will ________ in the stadium(体育场) this Sunday. A．take place B．happen C．be happened D．be taken place 【答案】A 【解析】句意：本周日体育场将举行一场篮球赛。 考查语态和动词短语。happen/take place表示“发生”时无被动语态，排除CD项。happen指偶然发生的， take place指事先布置好，有计划发生的事，篮球赛是安排好的事情，应用take place。故选A。 2．—You should return the book to Mike. It ________ him. —Sure. A．belongs to B．is belonged C．is belonging to D．is being belonged to 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——你应该把书还给迈克。它属于他。——当然。 考查动词时态和语态。belong to sb“属于某人”，这是一个状态短语，不用于进行时和被动语态，排除BCD选项。故选A。 3．—This pair of trousers ________ smooth because they are made of cotton in Xinjiang. —So, they ________ well. A．feels, sell B．is felt, are sold C．was felt, sell D．feel, have sold 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——这条裤子摸起来很光滑，因为是新疆棉做的。——是的，它们卖得好。 考查无被动语态的动词。feel表示“摸起来”，无被动语态；sell well“畅销”，无被动语态；排除BC选项。this pair of修饰主语，动词用三单，排除D选项，故选A。 4．There are so many places of interest in our country that are worth ________. A．visit B．visiting C．to visit D．to be visited 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我们国家有很多值得一去的名胜古迹。 考查非谓语动词。sth be worth doing“某事值得做”，空处用visiting。故选B。 5．We all know that the Anti-Japanese War ________ in 1937 and ________ for eight years. A．broke out; was lasted B．broke out; lasted C．was broken out; was lasted D．was broken out; lasted 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我们都知道，抗日战争爆发于1937年，持续了八年。 考查无被动语态的情况。broke out爆发，不及物动词短语，无被动语态；lasted持续，不及物动词，无被动语态。故选B。 6．— Only a little of the Old Summer Palace(圆明园) ________ after the big fire. —What a pity! A．remains B．is remained C．is remaining D．will be remain 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——大火过后，圆明园只剩下一小部分。——真遗憾！ 考查动词时态。remain是不及物动词，意为“剩下，遗留”，不用于进行时态也不用于被动语态，排除BC选项，本句使用一般现在时，D选项有误，排除，故选A。 7．It’s reported that another big shopping center ________ here next year. A．will open B．opened C．opens D．is open 【答案】A 【解析】句意：报道，另一个大型购物中心明年将在这里开业。 考查时态和不及物动词。根据“next year”可知，空处指“大型购物中心将开业”，需一般将来时，其结构为will do，这里open为不及物动词，无宾语，不用被动语态；D项open为形容词，B、C项时态错误。故选A。 8．We had to ask them for help because our money ________. A．used up B．was using up C．ran out D．was run out 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我们不得不向他们求助，因为我们的钱用完了。 考查动词短语和被动语态。use up用光；run out耗尽。根据“We had to ask them for help because our money…”可知钱被用光了，use up 应用被动语态，run out 为不及物动词短语，没有被动语态。run out符合语境。故选C。 考点3 主动结构表被动意义的情况 1．—My computer works much more slowly these days. —Maybe it has caught a virus. The computer requires ________ about once a month. A．checking B．to check C．check D．checked 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——这些天我的电脑工作起来慢多了。——也许它感染了病毒。这台电脑大约需要每月检查一次。 考查非谓语动词。require doing“需要做某事；表示某事需要被做或完成”，是固定搭配。故选A。 2．The problem is a little bit complicated (复杂的). It needs ________ again. A．discussed B．discussing C．discuss D．to discuss 【答案】B 【解析】句意：这个问题有点复杂。需要再讨论一下。 考查非谓语动词。it指代前文提到的problem，与动词discuss之间是被动关系，need doing sth=need to be done，所以此空应填discussing，故选B。 3．The tickets for Fantastic Beasts: The Secrets of Dumbledore _________ well, and they will _________soon. A．are sold; sell out B．are sold; be sold out C．sell; sell out D．sell; be sold out 【答案】D 【解析】句意：《神奇动物：邓布利多之谜》的门票卖得很好，很快就会售罄。 考查被动语态。sell售卖，sell well“卖的好”无被动语态，故第一空填sell。sell out卖光，主语they与动词短语sell out之间是被动关系，故第二空应填be sold out，故选D。 4．—What is mum cooking in the kitchen? —Fish, I guess. How nice it ________! A．is smelling B．is smelt C．will smell D．smells 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——妈妈在厨房煮什么？——我猜是鱼。闻起来多么好闻啊！ 考查感官动词用法。根据“What is Mum cooking in the kitchen”和“Fish, I guess”可知，此处表示现在的情况，应用一般现在时，smell是系动词，所以一般都是主动表被动，主语it是单数，感官动词用三单形式。故选D。 ■练思维 一、单项选择 1．—Tom, do you think the rain forests will disappear from the earth one day? —Unless humans ________ from cutting down trees from now on. A．will stop B．will be stopped C．are stopping D．are stopped 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——汤姆，你认为雨林有一天会从地球上消失吗？——除非人类从现在起被阻止砍伐树木。 考查时态和语态。“humans”与“stop”之间为动宾关系，人类“被阻止”砍伐树木，需用被动语态；句子为unless引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，主句隐含将来时，从句用一般现在时。故选D。 2．—What language ________ in Singapore? —Well, they speak English, but most of them can speak Chinese, too. A．speak B．is speaking C．spoke D．is spoken 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——新加坡说什么语言？——嗯，他们说英语，但大多数人也会说中文。 考查被动语态。speak说，一般现在时态，主动语态；is speaking正在说，现在进行时态主动语态；spoke说了，一般过去时态主动语态；is spoken被说，一般现在时态，被动语态。根据“What language...in Singapore?”可知，主语“language”与动词“speak”之间是被动关系，表示语言被说，因此用一般现在时的被动语态。故选D。 3．—Mum, when can we ride around the countryside? —Not until the main road ________ next month. A．repairs B．will repair C．will be repaired D．is repaired 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——妈妈，我们什么时候可以骑车去乡下？——要等到下个月主干道被修好。 考查被动语态和动词时态。repair“修理”，not until引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时表将来，因此排除选项B和C；主语“the main road”与谓语repair之间是被动关系，因此用被动语态。故选D。 4．The tall building ______________ 10 years ago. A．built B．was built C．is built D．builds 【答案】B 【解析】句意：这座高楼建于10年前。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。主语“The tall building”与动词build存在被动关系，且时间状语“10 years ago”表示过去时间，因此需用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为was/were + 过去分词，主语为单数，be动词应用was，动词build的过去分词为built，即was built。故选B。 5．—Was the old man’s house on fire last night? —Yes. Luckily, the old man ________ in time and now he is fine. A．is saved B．will save C．was saved D．has saved 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——这老人的房子昨晚着火了吗？——是的。幸运的是，这老人被及时地救出来了，现在他很好。 考查被动语态。根据“Was the old man’s house on fire last night?”可知询问昨晚是否着火，因此回答是昨晚的情况，应用一般过去时，且老人是被救，因此用被动语态。故选C。 6．The new library ________ last year and it has become a popular place for students. A．built B．is built C．has been built D．was built 【答案】D 【解析】句意：新图书馆是去年建成的，它已成为学生们的热门去处。 考查动词时态和语态。根据时间状语“last year”可知，动作发生在过去，且主语“The new library”是动作“build”的承受者，需用一般过去时的被动语态“was/were+动词过去分词”，主语为第三人称单数，be动词用was，故选D。 7．Tea ______ by a Chinese ruler Shen Nong about 5,000 years ago. A．discovers B．discovered C．is discovered D．was discovered 【答案】D 【解析】句意：茶是由中国统治者神农在大约5000年前发现的。 考查一般过去时态的被动语态。根据“5,000 years ago”可知，此句时态为一般过去时。主语“Tea”与动词“discover”之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，指茶被发现，用一般过去时态的被动语态，结构为was/were done。故选D。 8．The old school building ________ next year. A．rebuild B．will rebuild C．are rebuilt D．will be rebuilt 【答案】D 【解析】句意：这座旧的教学楼将在明年被重建。 考查动词时态和语态。根据时间状语“next year”可知，句子应用一般将来时；主语“The old school building”是动作rebuild的承受者，因此用被动语态。一般将来时的被动语态结构为：will be + 过去分词。故选D。 9．Tianjin ________ by more and more people because of its fast development in the future. A．was visited B．is visited C．will visit D．will be visited 【答案】D 【解析】句意：天津将来会因为它的快速发展而被越来越多的人访问。 考查时态和语态。根据时间状语“in the future”可知用将来时，且主语“Tianjin”与动词“visit”之间是被动关系，故用将来时的被动语态“will be visited”。故选D。 10．A talk on Chinese history ________ in the school hall next week. A．is given B．gives C．gave D．will be given 【答案】D 【解析】句意：下周将在学校礼堂举行一个关于中国历史的讲座。 考查一般将来时的被动语态。分析句子结构可知，主语“A talk”是动作“give”的承受者，需用被动语态，故排除选项B、C；再由“next week”可知，需用一般将来时。故选D。 11．—Do you know if the sports meeting ________ on time? —Hard to say. If it ________ tomorrow, we’ll have to put it off. A．is held; will rain B．will be held; will rain C．is held; rains D．will be held; rains 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——你知道运动会是否会准时举行吗？——很难说。如果明天下雨，我们将不得不推迟。 考查动词的时态。根据“Do you know if the sports meeting...on time?”可知，第一个空是if引导的宾语从句，主句是一般现在时，因此从句根据需要选择时态，主语“the sports meeting”与谓语“hold”之间是动宾关系，且动作还未发生，因此用一般将来时的被动语态will be done；根据“If it...tomorrow, we’ll have to put it off.”可知，第二个空是由if引导的条件状语从句，根据“主将从现”原则，从句用一般现在时表示将来。故选D。 12．—Would you like to go shopping with me after lunch? —I’d love to, but I ________ to go out this afternoon. A．don’t allow B．will allow C．won’t be allowed D．am not allowed 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——午饭后你愿意和我一起去购物吗？——我很想去，但今天下午我不被允许外出。 考查动词时态和语态。don’t allow不允许，一般现在时主动语态；will allow将会允许，一般将来时主动语态；won’t be allowed不会被允许，一般将来时被动语态；am not allowed不被允许，一般现在时被动语态。根据“—Would you like to go shopping with me after lunch? —I’d love to, but I…to go out this afternoon.”可知，“不被允许外出”是下午将要发生的事，应用一般将来时，且I与allow之间是被动关系，用被动语态will be done，否定形式为won’t be done。故选C。 13．An excellent show ________ in our school for the coming Children’s Day. I’d like to watch it. A．hold B．holds C．will be held D．is holding 【答案】C 【解析】句意：为即将到来的儿童节，我们学校将举办一场精彩的演出。我想去看。 考查一般将来时的被动语态。根据句中“for the coming Children’s Day”可知，句子表示的是还没有发生的事情，应用一般将来时，且主语“An excellent show”和动词“hold”之间是被动关系，即“演出被举办”，所以应用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为“will be+过去分词”，“hold”的过去分词是“held”，因此句子应用“will be held”。故选C。 14．The young trees should __________ as often as possible. A．water B．be water C．be watered D．watered 【答案】C 【解析】句意：小树应该尽可能经常浇水。 考查被动语态。主语是“The young trees”，应该是被浇水，该句是被动语态“be done”，water应该改为过去分词watered。故选C。 15．—Tommy is always careless with his schoolwork. Could you help me? —No problem. I think he ________ to think twice before starting. A．should tell B．should be told C．may tell D．may be told 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——Tommy总是对他的功课粗心大意。你能帮助我吗？——没问题！我认为应该让他三思而后行。 考查情态动词的被动语态。should tell应该告诉；should be told应该被告诉；may tell可能告诉；may be told可能被告诉。根据“I think he...to think twice before starting.”可知，主语he与谓语动词之间是被动关系，用情态动词的被动语态，谓语动词构成是：情态动词+be done。故排除A和C。结合语境，此处用情态动词should。故选B。 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1．Silk (bring) to Western countries thousands of years ago. 【答案】was brought 【解析】句意：几千年前丝绸被带到了西方国家。bring“带来”，主语Silk和动词bring之间是被动关系，表示丝绸被带到西方国家，要用被动语态，其结构为“be+过去分词”；根据“thousands of years ago”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，主语Silk是不可数名词，be动词用was，bring的过去分词是brought。故填was brought。 2．Which things can (do) by common people to protect the environment? 【答案】be done 【解析】句意：普通人可以做哪些事情来保护环境？主语“Which things”与动词do“做”是被动关系，指事情被普通人做。结合情态动词“can”可知，需用含有情态动词的被动语态，结构为：can be + 过去分词。do的过去分词为done。故填be done。 3．To play the game, the students (divide) into four groups yesterday. 【答案】were divided 【解析】句意：为了玩这个游戏，昨天学生们被分成四组。分析句子可知，主语“the students”和动词divide存在被动关系，再结合语境判断，“学生被分成四组”是过去发生的事情，故此处应用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为was/were done；主语“the students”，be动词用were。故填were divided。 4．Students in our school (require) to wear uniforms on school days 【答案】are required 【解析】句意：我们学校的学生在上学日被要求穿校服。主语Students和动词require之间是被动关系，需用被动语态（be动词+过去分词）；句子描述的是常规要求，用一般现在时，主语Students是复数，be动词用are，require的过去分词是required。故填are required。 5．—Does Jim like playing football? —Yes. He (see) playing football after school every day. 【答案】is seen 【解析】句意：——吉姆喜欢踢足球吗？——是的。每天放学后都能看到他踢足球。 see“看见”，动词原形；根据“every day”可知，时态为一般现在时，“He”和“see”之间是被动关系，表示他被看见踢足球，一般现在时的被动语态结构为“am/is/are+过去分词”，主语“He”是第三人称单数，be动词用“is”，“see”的过去分词是“seen”，故填is seen。 6．I (tell) to go to Australia as an exchange student this morning. 【答案】was told 【解析】句意：今天早上我被告知将作为交换生前往澳大利亚。分析题干可知，主语I和动词tell之间是被动关系，即“我被告知”，结合“this morning”可知，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是I，be动词用was。故填was told。 7．The two boys were made (complete) 10 hours of community service. 【答案】to complete 【解析】句意：这两个男孩被要求完成10小时的社区服务。complete“完成”，be made to do sth.“被要求做某事”，因此此处填动词不定式。故填to complete。 8．I promise that all the problems (solve) by us soon, Mr. Bates. 【答案】will be solved 【解析】句意：Bates先生，我承诺所有问题将很快被我们解决。根据“by us soon”可知，句子为将来时的被动语态。一般将来时的被动语态结构为“will be+过去分词”，solve的过去分词为“solved”。故填will be solved。 9．I’m afraid you can’t have days off until your report (finish). 【答案】is finished 【解析】句意：恐怕在你的报告完成之前，你不能休假。根据“I’m afraid you can’t...until your report...”可知主语“your report”与动词“finish”之间是被动关系（报告是被完成的），需用被动语态“be + 过去分词”。主句“can’t have”为一般现在时，从句时态需一致。故填is finished。 10．The word we should pay attention to (write) on the blackboard just now. 【答案】was written 【解析】句意：我们应该注意的那个词刚刚被写在了黑板上。根据“just now”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，且主语“The word”和动词“write”之间为被动关系，表示“单词被写”，因此需用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为“was/were+过去分词”。write“写”，动词，其过去分词为written。主语为单数形式，故be动词用was。故填was written。 ■测综合 一、完形填空 【试题亮点】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述苏轼年少自满，经老者送书点拨后认识到自身不足，修改对联并勤奋治学，终成大家的故事。考点切合本专题，如第6小题考查被动语态。 Su Shi was a famous Chinese writer, poet and painter. When he was young, he read a lot of books and wrote 1 many good articles that people thought he was pretty talented. Because of this, he wrote a couplet (对联) for 2 : Know all the words in the world Read all the books on the earth An old man saw 3 couplet and thought, “Su Shi is so proud. It is necessary for him 4 how to be modest.” So one day, he came to Su Shi’s house 5 a book. The book 6 to Su Shi and the old man said, “ 7 I have read the book many times, there are still some difficult words that I can’t understand. You 8 a person with rich knowledge so I come to you for help.” Su Shi took the book 9 from the old man’s hand. He thought he 10 understand the words. However, when he opened it, he saw a lot of words he didn’t know. At that time, Su Shi realized that there were many other things he needed to learn. His face turned red and he said, “Now I know 11 you came.” Hearing Su Shi’s words, the old man smiled without saying 12 . That day, they read the book together for several hours and 13 of them learned a lot from each other. After the old man left, Su Shi added some words to the couplet: Work hard to know all the words in the world Be determined to read all the books on the earth From then on, Su Shi worked even 14 . He spent more time reading books and he practised 15 all the time. Day by day, he got better and became more successful. 1．A．very B．so C．such D．too 2．A．he B．him C．his D．himself 3．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 4．A．learn B．learning C．to learn D．learns 5．A．to B．with C．for D．at 6．A．shows B．showed C．is shown D．was shown 7．A．When B．Because C．Though D．Unless 8．A．are B．were C．will be D．has been 9．A．happy B．happily C．happier D．happiness 10．A．should B．might C．could D．had better 11．A．that B．how C．why D．what 12．A．nothing B．something C．everything D．anything 13．A．all B．none C．both D．neither 14．A．hard      B．harder      C．hardest D．the hardest 15．A．write B．writes C．writing D．to write 【答案】 1．B 2．D 3．C 4．C 5．B 6．D 7．C 8．A 9．B 10．C 11．C 12．D 13．C 14．B 15．C 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述苏轼年少自满，经老者送书点拨后认识到自身不足，修改对联并勤奋治学，终成大家的故事。 1．句意：他年轻时读了很多书，写了很多好文章，以至于人们认为他很有才华。 very非常；so如此，修饰形容词/副词等；such如此，修饰名词；too太。根据“he read a lot of books and wrote…many good articles that people thought he was pretty talented.”可知，该句是“so+many+名词复数+that从句”结构表“如此多……以至于”，“so”符合语义。故选B。 2．句意：因此，他为自己写了一副对联。 he他，主格；him他，宾格；his他的，形容词性物主代词；himself他自己，反身代词。根据“Because of this, he wrote a couplet (对联) for…”可知，此处指苏轼为“自己”写对联，反身代词“himself”符合语境。故选D。 3．句意：一位老人看到这副对联，心想：“苏轼太骄傲了。” a一个，不定冠词，用于辅音音素开头单词前；an一个，不定冠词，用于元音音素开头单词前；the定冠词，表特指；/零冠词。根据“An old man saw…couplet and thought”可知，此处特指前文苏轼写的那副对联，定冠词“the”符合语境。故选C。 4．句意：他有必要学会如何谦虚。 learn学习，动词原形；learning动名词/现在分词；to learn不定式；learns第三人称单数形式。根据“It is necessary for him…how to be modest.”可知，“It is+形容词+for sb. to do sth.”是固定句型，表示“对某人来说做某事是……的”，不定式“to learn”符合语法要求。故选C。 5．句意：所以有一天，他带着一本书来到苏轼家。 to到；with带着；for为了；at在。根据“So one day, he came to Su Shi’s house…a book.”可知，此处指老人“带着”一本书来，介词“with”符合语境。故选B。 6．句意：这本书被拿给苏轼，老人说：“虽然我读了很多遍这本书，但仍有一些难词我不懂。” shows展示，第三人称单数形式；showed过去式；is shown被展示，一般现在时被动语态；was shown被展示，一般过去时被动语态。根据“The book…to Su Shi and the old man said”可知，文章为过去时态，“book”与“show”是被动关系，“was shown”符合语法和语境。故选D。 7．句意：这本书被拿给苏轼，老人说：“虽然我读了很多遍这本书，但仍有一些难词我不懂。” When当……时；Because因为；Though虽然；Unless除非。根据“…I have read the book many times, there are still some difficult words that I can’t understand.”可知，前后句为让步关系，“Though”符合语境。故选C。 8．句意：你是一个知识渊博的人，所以我来向你求助。 are是，一般现在时，主语是复数/第二人称；were是，一般过去时，主语是复数/第二人称；will be将是，一般将来时；has been已经是，现在完成时。根据“You…a person with rich knowledge so I come to you for help.”可知，本句是老者对苏轼说的原话，用一般现在时，主语是“you”，“are”符合语法和语境。故选A。 9．句意：苏轼高兴地从老人手里接过书。 happy高兴的，形容词；happily高兴地，副词；happier更高兴的，形容词比较级；happiness高兴，名词。根据“Su Shi took the book…from the old man’s hand.”可知，此处修饰动词“took”，副词“happily”符合语法要求。故选B。 10．句意：他认为他能理解这些词。 should应该；might可能；could能；had better最好。根据“He thought he…understand the words.”可知，此处指苏轼认为自己“能”理解书中的词，“could”符合语境。故选C。 11．句意：他脸红了，说：“现在我知道你为什么来了。” that无实义，宾语从句引导词；how如何；why为什么；what什么。根据“Now I know…you came.”可知，此处指苏轼明白老人来的“原因”，“why”符合语境。故选C。 12．句意：听到苏轼的话，老人微笑着什么也没说。 nothing没有什么；something某事；everything一切；anything任何事，常用于否定句/疑问句。根据“Hearing Su Shi’s words, the old man smiled without saying…”可知，“without”表否定，“anything”符合否定句语境。故选D。 13．句意：那天，他们一起读了几个小时的书，两人都从对方身上学到了很多。 all三者及以上都；none三者及以上都不；both两者都；neither两者都不。根据“That day, they read the book together for several hours and…of them learned a lot from each other.”可知，此处指苏轼和老人“两人”，“both”符合语境。故选C。 14．句意：从那以后，苏轼学习更加努力了。 hard努力地，原级；harder更努力地，比较级；hardest最努力地，最高级；the hardest最努力地，最高级。根据“From then on, Su Shi worked even…”可知，“even”修饰比较级，“harder”符合语法和语境。故选B。 15.句意：他花更多时间读书，一直练习写作。 write写，动词原形；writes第三人称单数形式；writing动名词/现在分词；to write不定式。根据“He spent more time reading books and he practised…all the time.”可知，“practise doing sth.”是固定搭配，动名词“writing”符合语法要求。故选C。 二、语法填空 【试题亮点】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了泰国的大象节，包括举办时间、当地驯象传统，以及节日游行、大象球赛等活动，体现大象的重要地位。考查被动语态，如第9小题。 There is a special festival in Thailand that people and animals celebrate together. It’s Elephant Festival, 1 takes place in the third week of November. In many parts of Thailand, people there are good at 2 (train) elephants. The festival aims to show the 3 (important) of elephants and people’s relationship with them. Elephants have played an important part in Thailand’s history and culture. People 4 (use) to use them in battles in the past and they are now important for tourism. First 5 all, there are elephant parades. 6 (many) than 300 elephants will join the parades in the festival. People dress up in different kinds of Thai clothes. They also decorate their elephants 7 (beautiful). After the parade, the elephants come to a certain place to enjoy fruit as breakfast. There are quite 8 few activities in the festival. For example, soccer matches and dances 9 (hold) between elephants to show their 10 (strong) and skills. 【答案】 1．which 2．training 3．importance 4．used 5．of 6．More 7．beautifully 8．a 9．are held 10．strength 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了泰国的大象节，包括举办时间、当地驯象传统，以及节日游行、大象球赛等活动，体现大象的重要地位。 1．句意：这就是大象节，它在11月的第三周举办。根据“It’s Elephant Festival,…takes place in the third week of November”可知，此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是Elephant Festival，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，故填which。 2．句意：在泰国的很多地区，那里的人们擅长训练大象。根据“people there are good at…elephants”可知，介词at后接动词的动名词形式，train的动名词形式是training，故填training。 3．句意：这个节日的目的是展示大象的重要性以及人与大象之间的关系。根据“The festival aims to show the…of elephants” 可知，定冠词the后需接名词，important的名词形式是importance，故填importance。 4．句意：过去人们常常在战争中使用它们，现在它们对旅游业很重要。根据“People…to use them in battles in the past”可知，此处表示“过去常常”，“used to do sth.”表示“过去常常做某事”，故填used。 5．句意：首先，会有大象游行活动。根据“First…all, there are elephant parades”可知，“first of all”表示“首先”，故填of。 6．句意：超过300头大象会参加节日的游行。根据“…than 300 elephants will join the parades”可知，此处表示数量比较，“more than”表示“超过，多于”，句首首字母大写，故填More。 7．句意：他们还把自己的大象装饰得很漂亮。根据“They also decorate their elephants…”可知，此处修饰动词“decorate”，需用副词，beautiful的副词形式是beautifully，故填beautifully。 8．句意：节日里有不少活动。根据“There are quite…few activities in the festival”可知，“quite a few”表示“不少，相当多”，故填a。 9．句意：例如，大象之间会举办足球比赛和舞蹈表演，来展示它们的力量和技能。根据“soccer matches and dances…between elephants”可知，主语“soccer matches and dances”和动词“hold”是被动关系，全文为一般现在时，需用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为复数，故填are held。 10．句意：例如，大象之间会举办足球比赛和舞蹈表演，来展示它们的力量和技能。根据“to show their…and skills”可知，形容词性物主代词“their”后需接名词，strong的名词形式是strength，故填strength。 8 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $