主题13 杰出人物 主题词汇专项练习-2026届高三英语一轮复习

2025-12-09
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Unit 13 杰出人物 PartI 主题词汇分类 动词类 基础词汇: 1.       vi. & vt.坚持;坚决要求  2.       vi.总结;概括 n. 金额;款项;总数;总和  3.       vt.解决(难题);应付(局面);处理  4.       vt.使增长;使兴旺 n.增长;提高;激励  5.       vi.认购(股份);定期订购;定期交纳(会费)  6.       vt.(尤指经努力)获得;赢得 vi.(规章、习俗等)存在;流行  7.       vt. (通常经过努力)获得;得到  8.       vt. 偶然碰到;遇到 n.邂逅;遭遇  9.      vt.(     ,      )经历;经受(变化、不快等)  10.       vt. &. vi.哀悼;忧伤  11.       vi. & vt. (      ,       )迅速离开;逃跑  12.pollinate vt.       拓展词汇: 13.       vt.承诺;保证 vi.忠于;全心全意投入(工作、活动等)→       adj.尽心尽力的;坚定的;坚信的→       n.承诺;保证;投入;奉献  14.       vt.把……献(给);把……专用于;专心于→       adj.忠实的;深爱的→       n.献身;奉献;忠诚  15.       vt.评价;评估→       n.评估;评价  16.       vt. & vi. (使)沸腾,煮开;烧开 n. 沸腾;沸点→       adj. 炽热的→       adj.煮沸的  17.       vt.分析→       n.(pl.       )(对事物的)分析;分析结果  18.       vt.创建;建立;把……建立在→       n. 创建;基金会→founder n. 创建者;创始人  19.       vt.推断;推定→       n.结论, 推断的结果  20.       vt. & vi.扩大;增加 vt.扩展;发展(业务) →       n.扩张;扩展;扩大  形容词/副词类 基础词汇: 1.         adj.不一般的;非凡的;意想不到的  2.       adj. 热切的;十分强烈的;激烈的  3.       adj.本国的;国内的;家用的;家庭的  4.       adj. 至关重要的;关键性的  5.       adj.完全必要的;极其重要的  6.       adj.极为恶劣的;十分严重的;严厉的  7.       adj.城市的;都市的;城镇的  8.       adj.众多的;许多的  拓展词汇: 9.       adj. 非凡的;显著的→remark n. 言论, 谈论 v. 评论, 谈论→       adv. 非凡地;显著地  10.       adj.植物学的→botany n.植物学  11.       adj.科学(上)的;关于科学的→       n.科学→       n.科学家  12.       adj.传统的;习惯的→       n.习俗;常规  13.       adj.含盐的;咸的→salt n.盐 v. 用盐腌制  14.       adj. 机械的;发动机的;机器的→       n. 机械师;机械修理工  15.       adj.必不可少的;极其重要的;充满生机的→       adv. 极其;绝对  16.       adj.学业的;学术的→       n.(艺术、文学、科学等的)研究院;学会;专科院校  17.       adj.清晰的;清楚的;有区别的→       n.区别;差别  18.       adv.逐渐地;逐步地→       adj.逐渐的;渐进的  19.       adv.显而易见;看来;显然→       adj.显而易见的;显然的  20.       adv.主要地;一般地→       adj.大部分的  名词类 基础词汇: 1.       n.理论;学说  2.       n.产量;产出 vt.出产(作物);产生(收益、效益等) vi.屈服;让步  3.       n.产量;输出;输出量 vt.(      ,       )输出  4.       n.泥土;土壤;国土;领土  5.       n.流;流动;流畅;供应 vi.流;流动  6.       n.图表 vt.记录;制订计划  7.       n.方法;技巧;装置;仪器  8.       n.草稿;草案 vt.起草;草拟  9.       n.可供选择的事物 adj.可供替代的;非传统的  10.       n.联系;纽带 vt.把……连接起来;相关联  11.       n.发现;调查结果;(法律)判决  12.       n. [usually pl.]条件;环境;状况  13.genius n.( pl. geniuses)       14.physiology n.       15.artemisinin n.        16.malaria n.       17.wormwood n.       18.liquid n.       adj.        19.substance n.       20.penicillin n.       21.bacterium n. (pl. -ria)       22.cholera n.       23.diarrhoea n.       24.formula n.       25.hybrid n.       26.strain n.       27.sorghum n.       28.broom n.       29.aerospace n.       30.aviation n.       31.jet n.       32.extract n.       vt.         33.patent n.       adj.        34.doctorate n.       35.crisis n.( pl. crises )       36.bomb n.       vt.        37.property n.       拓展词汇: 38.       n.酷爱;激情→       adj. 有激情的  39.       n.相对论;相对性→       adj.相对的 n.亲属→       adv.相对地  40.       n.消耗;消耗量;消费→       v.消耗;耗费(燃料、能量、时间等);消费→       n.消费者  41.       n.结论;推论→       vt.推断出;结束,终止  42.       n. 结果;后果→consequent adj.随之发生的→  adv.因此,所以  43.       n.不足;缺少;短缺→       adj.短的;矮的;不足的;缺乏的→       vt.变短;缩短  44.       n.从政者;政治家;政客→politics n. 政治→       adj. 政治的  45.       n.社会公共机构;制度;习俗→       n. (教育、专业等)机构;机构建筑  主题词块 1.           承诺;保证(做某事、遵守协议或安排等)  2.          坚决要求  3.           患(病);染上(小病)  4.          相应地;转而;依次;轮流  5.          总结;概括  6.           最重要的是;尤其是  7.          (开始)掌权;上台  8.           最终地;彻底地  9.          (战争、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然开始;爆发  10.          在内心深处;本质上;实际上  11.flow chart           主题句型 1.        that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize, she said…   当得知自己被授予诺贝尔奖时,她说…… 2.        there, out of a strong passion for knowledge, he continued to study, earning a doctorate in physics in 1905. 在那里工作期间,出于对知识的强烈热爱,他继续学习,于1905年获得物理学博士学位。  3.He had a thick moustache and long white hair, which sometimes stood on end              an electric shock.   他留着浓密的胡须和白色的长发,有时它们都竖起来,好像他刚刚受到电击一样。 4.On 18 April 1955,           Einstein had passed away, and the whole world mourned the great loss of a brilliant scientist.   据报道,爱因斯坦于1955年4月18日去世,全世界都为这位伟大的科学家的逝世而哀悼。 语境运用 Ⅰ 单句填空 1.Tu Youyou, a       (commit) and perseverant scientist, was born in Ningbo, China, on 30 December 1930.  2.Facing the       (short) of water, the government is appealing to everyone to save water.  3.He drew a       (conclude) from their remarks that they were not in favour of the plan.  4.Some animals have a       (remark) ability to adapt to changing environments.  5.The student owed his       (academy) achievement to the guidance and support of his teachers and parents.  6.You can attend some Chinese training courses to lay a solid language       (found) before going to China.  7.After careful       (evaluate)by experts, the value of the property is estimated to be around $500,000.  8.Teachers in remote rural areas are       (devote) to changing the lives of people with less access to the advantages enjoyed by many others.  9.A       (science) experiment has been conducted by some chemists to test the hypothesis.  10.The doctor advised reducing the       (consume) of processed meats, such as ham and sausage, to promote a healthier diet.  11.Critical thinkers have the courage to challenge       (convention) thinking while most of us tend to follow it blindly.  12.With luggage in her hands, the girl stood looking round in all directions. But       (apparent), no one had come to meet her.  Ⅱ 词块填空 1.If you        (坚决要求)doing so, you’ll have to suffer the consequences.  2.This open and tolerant atmosphere allowed Li Bai the liberty to develop a free and unconstrained personality, which,         (反过来,相应地), had a huge impact on his poetic production.  3.I want to thank everyone for being supportive.           (最重要的是), I’d like to thank my parents for believing in me unconditionally.  4.Da Yu, who           (致力于,承诺) controlling the floods, brought peace and stability to the people.  5.He           (患病)with the flu,which made him absent from school for several days.  6.There are concerns that a new civil war may           (爆发) if no solution is found.  7.Ever since he           (掌权)in 2000, links between the two countries have been tightened.  8.She can seem strict, but           (本质上)she’s a very kind person.  9.To           (总结,概括), his fame and wealth were gained through hard work and his in-depth knowledge of his business.  10.It is time we dealt with the issue           (彻底地).  Ⅲ 句型仿写 1.              I’d never seen her smile in all the weeks she’d been among us. (strike) 我突然想到,她和我们在一起这么多星期了,我从没见她笑过。  2.             , the dog raced towards me.(on/upon doing)  小狗一看到我,就向我跑来。 3.             , I was overwhelmed by mixed feelings of regret and shame.(while doing)  当与他们交谈时,我感到既遗憾又羞愧。 4.              the missing girl had been found with the help of the local police.  据报道,在当地警方的帮助下,失踪的女孩已经找到了。 5.She danced gracefully on stage,                   .(as if 从句的虚拟语气)  她在舞台上优雅地跳舞,仿佛飘浮在空中。 PartII 主题词汇分类 动词类 基础词汇: 1.      vt. (     ,      )克服;解决;战胜  2.       vt. & vi.消化 vt.领会;领悟 n.摘要,文摘  3.       vt.估计;估价;估算 n.估计;估算  4.       vt.包括;包含;由……组成  5.       vt.使改观;使改变形态 vi.改变;转变  6.       vt.(     ,      )投射;向……投以(视线、笑容等);投掷  7.       vt.倒出;倾泻;斟(饮料)  8.       vt.追溯;追踪;查出 n.痕迹;遗迹;踪迹  9.       vi.& vt.怀疑;疑有;不信任 n.犯罪嫌疑人;可疑对象  10.       vt.把……归咎于;责怪;指责 n.责备;指责  11.alleviate vt.       拓展词汇: 12.       vt.使感染;传染→       n.感染;传染  13.       vt.产生;引起→       n.代;一代人;产生  14.       vt.展望;想象→       n.想象;视力;视野;影像  15.          vt.承认(属实、权威等);(公开)感谢→          n.承认;感谢  16.       vt.使相信;使确信;说服→       adj.令人信服的→       adj.确信的;信服的  形容词/副词类 基础词汇: 1.       adj.优秀的;杰出的;明显的  2.       adj.聪颖的;绝妙的;明亮的  3.       adj.分布广的;普遍的;广泛的  4.       adj.相互矛盾的;对立的;不一致的  5.       adj.未煮的;生的;未经处理的;原始的  6.       adj.最初的;开始的;第一的  7.       adv.此外;再者  8.       adv.全部地;完整地;完全地  9.patriotic adj.       10.photoelectric adj.       11.substantial adj.       12.solid adj.       n.        拓展词汇: 13.       adj.与化学有关的;化学的 n.化学制品;化学品→       n.化学→       n.化学家  14.       adj. 有机的;不使用化肥的;有机物的→       n.(人或动植物的)器官  15.       adj.稳定的;平稳的;稳步的→       adv.稳定地;坚固地  16.       adj.生动的;鲜明的;丰富的 →       adv.生动地;逼真地;鲜明地  17.       adj.懊恼的;沮丧的;失意的→      v.使懊恼;使沮丧→      n.沮丧;懊恼;挫败  18.       adj.数量多的;多种多样的→       v. 乘;成倍增加;(使)繁殖  19.       adj.干净的;纯的;纯粹的→       vt.使纯净;使洁净  名词类 基础词汇: 1.       (NAmE -vor ) n.味道;特点;特色  2.       n.根;根茎;根部;根源  3.       n.例子;实例;事例  4.       n.把手;拉手;柄 vt.处理;搬动;操纵(车辆、动物、工具等)  5.       n.减少;降低;减少量 vi.& vt.(使大小、数量等)减少;减小;降低  6.       n.改变;转换;轮班 vi.& vt.转移;挪动;转向  7.       n.概念;观念  8.       n.弱点;过错  9.       n.方面;层面  10.       n.一家人;家庭;同住一所/套房子的人  11.       n.思想;思维;见解  12.       n.阴影;影子;背光处  13.       n.混凝土 adj.混凝土制的;确实的;具体的  14.       n.闲暇;休闲;空闲  15.peculiarity n.       16.celebrity n.       17.dehydration n.       18.germ n.       19.epidemiology n.       20.microscope n.       21.protein n.       22.cell n.       23.virus n.       24.vaccine n.       25.plasma n.       26.statistic n. [pl.]       27.hydrogen n.       28.oxygen n.       29.radium n.       30.grain n.       31.wheat n.       32.fertiliser (NAmE -izer ) n.       33.pesticide n.       34.mineral n.       35.missile n.       36.telescope n.       37.framework n.       38.pump n.       39.moustache [especially US mustache] n.        40.tunnel n.       41.batch n.       vt.        拓展词汇: 42.       n.营养;滋养→       adj.有营养的;营养丰富的→nutritional adj.营养(物)的→nutrient n. 养分,营养物  43.       n.天文学→       n.天文学家  44.       n.假定;设定; (责任的)承担; (权利的)获得→       vt.以为;假设→       conj. 假设,假定  45.       n.现实;实际情况;事实→real adj.真实的→       v.实现;意识到→       adv.真正地  46.       n.扩建部分;扩大;电话分机→       vt.延长;延伸;扩大  47.       n.证据;证明;检验→       vt.证明;展现  48.       n.介入;出面;干涉→intervene v.介入;出面;干涉  49.       n.目标;目的 adj.客观的→       n.目标;物体;宾语 vt.提出……作为反对的理由 vi.反对;不赞成  50.       n.贫穷;贫困→       adj. 贫穷的  51.       n.向下(或向里)的距离;深(度) →       adj.深的 adv.深深地;在深处→       vt.加深  介词类       prep.除……之外(还) adv.而且;此外  主题词块 1.          把……用于;献身;致力;专心  2.          包括;包含;由……组成(或构成)  3.          例如;比如  4.          同意;赞同  5.          担任;任职  6.          (正常使用造成的)磨损;损耗  7.           幸亏;由于  8.theoretical framework           9.Nobel Prize            10.water pump           主题句型 1.Indeed, his slim but strong body was just like that of millions of Chinese farmers,                .   确实,他瘦削但结实的身躯,与其为之奉献了毕生的千千万万的中国农民无异。 2.However,             farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat.   然而,他最关心的是农民经常粮食歉收,有时甚至出现严重的食物短缺。 3.           the woman liked the water from the pump so much that she                every day.   这位女士好像很喜欢来自这个水泵里的水以至于她每天都让人把水送到她家里。 4.Perhaps                  China’s aerospace science than Qian Xuesen.   也许再没有哪一位科学家比钱学森对中国航天科学的影响更大了。 5.However,                                  was probably his strong interest in other things, such as music and drawing.   然而,他之所以能成为一名如此杰出、富有创造力的科学家,可能是因为他对音乐、绘画等其他事物的浓厚兴趣。 语境运用 Ⅰ 单句填空 1.The doctors confirmed that he had an      (infect) caused by a virus.  2.I can still       (vivid) remember the day when I wandered by the pond with my parents.  3.These flowers are a small       (acknowledge) of your great kindness.  4.There is       (convince) evidence of a link between exposure to sun and skin cancer.  5.She worked       (steady)on her project, making gradual progress each day.  6.She became increasingly       (frustrate) with the slow progress of the project.  7.When the stars are out, they are visible, but when the lights are out, they are      (visible).  8.Due to years of drought, residents in this region still live in       (poor).  9.The seals usually dive to a       (deep) of 400 metres where they feed on fish such as Antarctic cod.  10.She decided to pursue a degree in       (chemist) to explore her passion for understanding the natural world.  Ⅱ 词块填空 1.To protect the ocean is to protect ourselves, so it is high time that we           (致力于)protecting the ocean.  2.           (例如), virtual reality technology will allow you to explore new worlds and concepts, making learning more fun and exciting.  3.After an interview, she was offered the job and decided to           (担任) of marketing manager.  4.           (由于,多亏) his extraordinary talent and creativity, he was able to transform an ordinary idea into a groundbreaking invention.  5.The tale           (由……组成) historical events and the personal stories of individuals.  6.Many scientists           (赞同) the idea that it is human beings’ activities that have resulted in global warming.  Ⅲ 句型仿写 1.At the time,              all my self-confidence.(seem)  那时,我似乎已经丧失了所有的自信。 2.She was   she lost track of time.(so…that 引导的结果状语从句) 她全神贯注于读她的书,以至于忘记了时间。 3.He ordered flowers for his mother online and                  as a surprise.(have sth done) 他为母亲在网上订购了鲜花,并让人把它们送到她家作为惊喜。  4.             was that his students were able to read, speak and write in English, and they became more confident in learning. (what 引导的主语从句)  让他感到满意的是,他的学生能够用英语读、说、写,他们变得对学习更有信心。 答案 Part Ⅰ 主题词汇分类 动词类 基础词汇: 1.insist 2.sum 3.tackle 4.boost 5.subscribe 6.obtain 7.attain 8.encounter 9.undergo; underwent; undergone 10.mourn 11.flee; fled; fled 12.授粉,传粉 拓展词汇: 13.commit; committed; commitment 14.devote; devoted; devotion 15.evaluate; evaluation 16.boil; boiling; boiled 17.analyse; analysis; analyses 18.found; foundation 19.infer; inference 20.expand; expansion 形容词/副词类 基础词汇: 1.extraordinary 2.intense 3.domestic 4.crucial 5.essential 6.severe 7.urban 8.numerous 拓展词汇: 9.remarkable; remarkably 10.botanical 11.scientific; science; scientist 12.conventional; convention 13.salty 14.mechanical; mechanic 15.vital; vitally 16.academic; academy 17.distinct; distinction 18.gradually; gradual 19.apparently; apparent 20.mostly; most 名词类 基础词汇: 1.theory 2.yield 3.output; output; output 4.soil 5.flow 6.chart 7.device 8.draft 9.alternative 10.link 11.finding 12.circumstance 13.天才,天资,天赋 14.生理学,生理机能 15.[药]青蒿素 16.疟疾 17.蒿,洋艾 18.液体; 液体的,液态的 19.物质,物品,事实根据 20.青霉素,盘尼西林 21.细菌 22.霍乱 23.腹泻 24.公式,方程式,配方 25.杂交植(动)物,合成物,混合动力车 26.(动、植物的)系,品种,拉伤,压力 27.高粱,高粱米 28.扫把,扫帚,金雀花 29.航空航天工业 30.航空制造业,航空 31.喷气式飞机 32.提取物,摘录; 提取,提炼,摘录, (用力)拔出 33.专利,专利证书;有专利的,受专利保护的 34.博士学位 35.危机, 危急关头 36.炸弹; 轰炸,对……投炸弹 37.性质,特征,财产 拓展词汇: 38.passion; passionate 39.relativity; relative; relatively 40.consumption; consume; consumer 41.conclusion; conclude 42.consequence; consequently 43.shortage; short; shorten 44.politician; political 45.institution; institute 主题词块 1.commit oneself to (sth/doing sth/do sth) 2.insist on 3.come down 4.in turn 5.sum up 6.above all 7.come to power 8.once and for all 9.break out 10.deep down 11.流程图 主题句型 1.Upon hearing 2.While working 3.as though he had just received 4.it was reported that 语境运用 Ⅰ.1.committed 2.shortage 3.conclusion 4.remarkable 5.academic 6.foundation 7.evaluation 8.devoted 9.scientific 10.consumption 11.conventional 12.apparently Ⅱ.1.insist on 2.in turn 3.Above all 4.committed himself to 5.came down 6.break out 7.came to power 8.deep down 9.sum up 10.once and for all Ⅲ.1.It struck me that 2.On/Upon seeing me 3.While talking with them 4.It was reported that 5.as if she were floating in the air Part Ⅱ 主题词汇分类 动词类 基础词汇: 1.overcome; overcame; overcome 2.digest 3.estimate 4.comprise 5.transform 6.cast; cast; cast 7.pour 8.trace 9.suspect 10.blame 11.减轻,缓解 拓展词汇: 12.infect; infection 13.generate; generation 14.envision; vision 15.acknowledge;acknowledgement 16.convince; convincing; convinced 形容词/副词类 基础词汇: 1.outstanding 2.brilliant 3.widespread 4.contradictory 5.raw 6.initial 7.furthermore 8.entirely 9.爱国的 10.光电的 11.大量的,价值巨大的,重大的 12.可靠的,固体的,坚实的; 固体 拓展词汇: 13.chemical; chemistry; chemist 14.organic; organ 15.steady; steadily 16.vivid; vividly 17.frustrated; frustrate; frustration 18.multiple; multiply 19.pure; purify 名词类 基础词汇: 1.flavour 2.root 3.instance 4.handle 5.decrease 6.shift 7.concept 8.fault 9.aspect 10.household 11.thinking 12.shadow 13.concrete 14.leisure 15.个性,特点,怪异的性质 16.名望,名誉,名人,名流 17.脱水 18.微生物,细菌,病菌 19.流行病学 20.显微镜 21.蛋白质 22.细胞,小房间,单间牢房 23.病毒 24.疫苗 25.血浆 26.统计数字,统计资料,统计学 27.氢,氢气 28.氧,氧气 29.镭 30.谷物,谷粒,颗粒 31.小麦,小麦籽 32.肥料 33.杀虫剂,除害药物 34.矿物,矿物质 35.导弹 36.望远镜 37.框架,结构 38.泵,抽水机,打气筒 39.上唇的胡子,髭 40.地下通道,地道,隧道 41.一批,一组; 分批处置 拓展词汇: 42.nutrition; nutritious 43.astronomy; astronomer 44.assumption; assume; assuming 45.reality; realize; really 46.extension; extend 47.proof; prove 48.intervention 49.objective; object 50.poverty; poor 51.depth; deep; deepen 介词类 besides 主题词块 1.devote…to 2.be comprised of 3.for instance 4.subscribe to 5.take up a position 6.wear and tear 7.thanks to 8.理论框架 9.诺贝尔奖 10.水泵 主题句型 1.to whom he had devoted his life 2.what concerned him most was that 3.It seemed that; had it delivered to her house 4.no other scientist has had a greater impact on 5.what might have made him such an outstanding and creative scientist 语境运用 Ⅰ.1.infection 2.vividly 3.acknowledgement 4.convincing 5.steadily 6.frustrated 7.invisible 8.poverty 9.depth 10.chemistry Ⅱ.1.were devoted to/devoted ourselves to 2.For instance/example 3.take up the position 4.Thanks to 5.is comprised of 6.subscribe to Ⅲ.1.I seemed to have lost/it seemed that I had lost 2.so absorbed in reading her book that 3.had them delivered to her house 4.What made him feel satisfied 1 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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主题13 杰出人物 主题词汇专项练习-2026届高三英语一轮复习
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主题13 杰出人物 主题词汇专项练习-2026届高三英语一轮复习
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主题13 杰出人物 主题词汇专项练习-2026届高三英语一轮复习
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