专题05 定语从句（期末复习讲义）高一英语上学期人教)版

该高中英语定语从句期末复习讲义通过表格与框架图系统构建知识体系，先以近三年高考真题考点分析表明确考向，再按“概念-关系代词-关系副词-特殊结构”递进梳理，用对比表格呈现关系代词（that/which/who等）与关系副词（where/when/why）的功能及适用场景，突出非限制性定语从句、“介词+关系代词”等重难点的内在联系。 讲义亮点在于分层练习设计与精准方法指导，“即时检测”聚焦基础辨析，“链接高考”融入2023-2025年真题，通过易错点拨（如that/which使用差异）和“介词+关系代词”与关系副词转换技巧，培养学生分析比较的思维品质与高效解题的学习能力。不同难度练习适配分层需求，教师可据此实施精准教学，助力学生提升语言运用能力。

专题05 定语从句（期末复习讲义） 年份 卷别 考点 考情分析 2025 2025全国一卷 非限制性定语从句--关系代词which 【考向透视】 分析近年高考英语真题，定语从句是高考英语的语法基石与能力分水岭，其考查全面渗透于各题型，兼具基础性和区分度。 在语法填空和短文改错中直接考查，重点区分： 1． 关系代词 (that/ which/ who/ whom/ whose) 在从句中充当的成分（主、宾、定）。 2． 关系副词 (when/where/why) 与“介词+which”的转换。 3． 非限制性定语从句（用逗号隔开，不用that）是高频易错点。 在阅读理解中考查学生能否快速拆解含有嵌套定语从句的长难句，准确定位先行词，是理解复杂信息、攻克主旨与推断题的关键。在完形填空语境中，选择正确的关系词（如区分where与which）以保障逻辑连贯，考查微观语篇能力。在书面表达中能否主动、准确地使用定语从句（尤其是非限制性定语从句）升级句式，是作文获得语言丰富性高分的关键标志。 【复习目标】 1.了解定语从句的基本用法; 2.区分限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句; 3.熟知关系代词和关系副词的用法并能正确判断使用哪种关系词； 4.掌握“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句及as引导的定语从句。 2025浙江1月卷 非限制性定语从句--关系代词which 2025全国二卷 非限制性定语从句--关系副词where 2025北京卷 非限制性定语从句--关系代词which 2024 2024·新课标I卷 限制性定语从句--关系代词which/that 2024·新课标II卷 非限制性定语从句--关系代词who 2024·全国甲卷 限制性定语从句--关系代词which 2024·北京卷 非限制性定语从句--关系代词who 2024·浙江1月 限制性定语从句--关系代词which/that 2023 2023·全国乙卷 限制性定语从句--关系代词which/that 2023·全国甲卷 非限制性定语从句--关系副词where 非限制性定语从句--关系代词as 定语从句的概念和位置 1．概念：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句起形容词的作用，在句中修饰一个名词或代词。被修饰的词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 关系词常有三个作用： ①连接主句和定语从句。 ②指代先行词。 ③在定语从句中充当成分。 2．位置：通常放在被修饰词(即先行词)之后。 如：在复合句“Mary is a girl who has long hair.”中“who has long hair”为定语从句，修饰a girl，a girl即为先行词，who为关系词，起连接作用，同时在从句中充当主语。关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词所代替的先行词是表示人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。 01 关系代词who who指人，在从句中可作主语、宾语和表语，作宾语时可省略。 There is a girl who wants to see you. 有个女孩儿想见你。(who作主语) That is the man (who) I met in Beijing last year. 他就是我去年在北京碰见的那个人。(who作宾语，可省略) 02 关系代词whom whom指人，在从句中作宾语，可省略，此时也可用who代替。 He was a personal friend (who/whom) I’ve known for many years. 他是一位我认识多年的私人朋友。(who/whom在定语从句中作known的宾语) The old man (who/whom) you saw yesterday is a thinker. 你昨天见到的那位老人是一位思想家。(who/whom在定语从句中作saw的宾语) 03 关系代词that that代替指人或指物的先行词，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时可省略。 This is the house (that) we bought last month. 这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。 This is the thief (that) we have been looking for these days. 这就是我们近日来一直在找的小偷。 关系代词只能用who，不能用that的情况。 ①先行词是指人的代词时，如one、ones、anyone、those等。 One who has nothing to fear dares to tell the truth. 一个无所畏惧的人敢于说实话。 ②先行词为人称代词时，关系代词应用who。 He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man. 不到长城非好汉。 04 关系代词which which指物，在从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可以省略。 The river which runs through the centre of the city has been cleaned. (which 指物，在从句中作主语，不能省略) 穿过市中心的那条河已经清理过了。 The exact year (which) Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008. (which指物，在从句中作宾语，可以省略) 安杰拉和她的家人在中国共同度过的确切年份是2008年。 (1)关系代词只能用which，不能用that的情况。 ①引导非限制性定语从句时。 Football，which is a very interesting game，is played in many countries. 足球是一项很有趣的运动，很多国家的人都踢足球。 ②介词后只能用which，不能用that。 We depend on the land from which we get our food.(which不可以省略) 我们依靠土地获得食物。 (2)关系代词只能用that，不能用which的情况。 ①当先行词为anything、nothing、something、all、much、few、any、little等不定代词或先行词被all、much、few等词修饰时。 All that is needed is a supply of oil. 所需的只是油的供给。 ②先行词被the only、the very等修饰时。 This is the very scarf that my mother has been looking for. 这就是我妈妈一直在找的那条围巾。 ③先行词被序数词、数词、形容词最高级修饰时。 This is the most beautiful park that I have ever visited. 这是我参观过的最美丽的公园。 ④先行词既有人又有物时。 Can you tell me the people and events that you saw in Britain? 你能告诉我你在英国见到的人和事吗? ⑤当关系代词在从句中作表语时。 China is no longer the country (that) it used to be.(在主句中，the country作表语) 中国已不再是过去的那个中国了。 ⑥当关系代词出现在以who或which开头的疑问句中时，为避免重复，关系代词用that。 Who is the boy that is talking to Tina in English? 那个用英语和蒂娜说话的男孩是谁? 05 关系代词whose whose既可指人也可指物，表所属关系。在定语从句中修饰名词作定语，相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格。它可以转化为“the+名词+of which/whom”和“of which/whom+the+名词”的形式。 I want to read the book whose cover is blue，and please pass it to me. =I want to read the book of which the cover is blue，and please pass it to me. =I want to read the book the cover of which is blue，and please pass it to me. 我想看那本封面是蓝色的书，劳驾您递一下给我。 This is the person whose story surprises everybody. =This is the person of whom the story/the story of whom surprises everybody. 就是这个人的故事让所有人感到吃惊。 whose通常可被“the+n.+of whom/which”或“of whom/which+the+n.”替换。 Our school plans to hold a foreign language festival，whose aim is to improve students’ interest in learning foreign language. →Our school plans to hold a foreign language festival，the aim of which/of which the aim is to improve students’ interest in learning foreign language. 我们学校计划举办一次外语节，其目的是提高学生们学习外语的兴趣。 06 关系代词as as指人或物，在从句中作主语或宾语。常和the same、such连用。构成固定用法“the same...as...”和“such...as...”。 Even in my dreams I couldn’t imagine such a beautiful place as you have offered us. 我做梦也想象不到你给了我们一个如此美丽的地方。 It was so difficult a problem as nobody in my class could work out. 这个问题很难以至于我们班里没有人能解出来。 【即时检测】 1．Anyone who is a server or ____ has been one knows that customers always come first. A．whom B．what C．who D．which 2．—Class， you should be thankful to those people _______ helped and supported you. —We will. Miss Chen. A．which B．whom C．who D．whose 3．She has a teenager granddaughter about my age ________ is really kind. A．who B．which C．where D．/ 4．—What are you looking for? —I' m looking for the dictionary ______ you lent me last week. A．who B．what C．that D．when 5．— What do you think of the show Readers on CCTV? — It’s a great TV show _______ expresses our true feelings by reading aloud in public. A．whom B．who C．whose D．that 6．—What kind of teachers do you like， John? —I like the teachers _____are friendly to us. A．which B．whose C．who 7．—In the program The Singer in 2018， I like Hua Chenyu most. —Yes. He is the singer _______ won the first prize of Happy Boy’s Voice in 2013. A．what B．which C．who 8．—Only You is a TV program _______is popular with most young people. —Yes， it is definitely true. A．that B．whose C．what D．who 9．Yuan Longping is a Chinese rice scientist _______________is leading a research to develop "sea rice". A．who B．whom C．which D．whose 10．Danny met a famous astronaut ________ was the first Canadian astronaut in space. A．which B．what C．whose D．who 11．—I hear that Lucy’s uncle is a worker here. —Yes. Look， the man ________ is working over there is her uncle. A．whom B．who C．what D．which 12．—Have you watched the TV play “In the Name of People”(人民的名义)？ —It’s the most popular play ______ our Party’s trying to struggle against corruption(反对腐败). A．where show B．which show C．that shows D．who shows 13．My grandparents like stories ________ have happy endings. A．they B．who C．which D．/ 14．—Is this the new dictionary  ___ you got yesterday? —Yes. Now it's very convenient for me to look up words. A．that B．why C．what 15．That’s the boy _______won the first prize in the competition yesterday. A．who B．which C．whom 易｜错｜点｜拨 (1)关系代词只能用which，不能用that的情况。 ①引导非限制性定语从句时。 Football, which is a very interesting game，is played in many countries. 足球是一项很有趣的运动，很多国家的人都踢足球。 ②介词后只能用which，不能用that。 We depend on the land from which we get our food.(which不可以省略) 我们依靠土地获得食物。 (2)关系代词只能用that，不能用which的情况。 ①当先行词为anything、nothing、something、all、much、few、any、little等不定代词或先行词被all、much、few等词修饰时。 All that is needed is a supply of oil. 所需的只是油的供给。 ②先行词被the only、the very等修饰时。 This is the very scarf that my mother has been looking for. 这就是我妈妈一直在找的那条围巾。 ③先行词被序数词、数词、形容词最高级修饰时。 This is the most beautiful park that I have ever visited. 这是我参观过的最美丽的公园。 ④先行词既有人又有物时。 Can you tell me the people and events that you saw in Britain? 你能告诉我你在英国见到的人和事吗? ⑤当关系代词在从句中作表语时。 China is no longer the country (that) it used to be.(在主句中，the country作表语) 中国已不再是过去的那个中国了。 ⑥当关系代词出现在以who或which开头的疑问句中时，为避免重复，关系代词用that。 Who is the boy that is talking to Tina in English? 那个用英语和蒂娜说话的男孩是谁? 关系副词引导的定语从句 当先行词在定语从句中作状语，即定语从句不缺主语、宾语或者表语时，通常要用关系副词引导定语从句。常用的关系副词有where，when，why。关系副词的指代及功能如下: 关系副词 先行词 功能 when 表示时间的名词 时间状语 where 表示地点的名词 地点状语 why reason 原因状语 01 关系副词when 关系副词when引导定语从句时，先行词应是表示时间的名词，关系副词在从句中作时间状语。相当于“介词in/at/on/during...+which”结构。常见的表示时间的名词有time、hour、day、year、moment、occasion(时刻)、age(年代)、period(阶段)、stage(时期)、interval(间隙)等。 I will never forget the day when/on which I first saw you. 我永远不会忘记我第一次见到你的日子。 I’ll never forget the days when/in which I studied in the classroom. 我永远不会忘记我在教室里学习的那些日子。 Occasions are quite rare when I have the time to spend a day with my kids. 我有时间和孩子们待一天的机会很少。 若时间名词后面的定语从句的关系词在从句中作主语或宾语，则定语从句改用which或that引导。 Do you remember the days which/that we spent together on the farm? 你还记得我们在农场一起度过的那些日子吗?(which/that作spent的宾语) 02 关系副词where 关系副词where引导定语从句时，先行词应是表示地点或抽象地点的名词，关系副词在从句中作地点状语。相当于“介词in/at/on...+which”结构。常见的表示抽象地点的名词有situation、point、case、position、condition、occasion等。 The school where/in which my son studies is near a park. 我儿子就读的学校靠近公园。 It came to a point where I had to make a decision. 事情到了我必须做出决定的地步。 若地点名词后面的定语从句的关系词在从句中作主语或宾语，则定语从句改用which或that引导。 The school which/that we visited yesterday is newly built. 我们昨天参观的那所学校是新建的。(which/that作visited的宾语) 03 关系副词why 关系副词why引导定语从句时，先行词常为reason，关系副词在从句中作原因状语。相当于“for+which”结构。 Do you know the reason why/for which he got up so early yesterday? 你知道他昨天起个大早的原因吗? Helping an old man on the way to school is the reason why/for which he was late for school last Wednesday. 上学路上帮助一位老人是他上周三上学迟到的原因。 若reason后的定语从句的关系词在从句中作主语或宾语，则定语从句改用which或that 引导。 Do you want to know the reason why/for which he always gets full marks in maths examinations? 你想知道他在数学考试中总是得满分的原因吗?(why作原因状语) I won’t listen to the reason which/that you have given us. 我坚决不听你告诉我们的那个理由。(定语从句中缺少宾语，所以用which/that，不用why) “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句 关系代词作介词的宾语时，为了使关系代词与先行词的关系更加紧凑，可以将从句中的介词提到关系代词前，形成“介词+关系代词”结构。该结构中的关系代词可用which或whom。 01 代词的选用 (1)根据与定语从句中动词所需要的某种习惯搭配来确定。 He bought a beautiful house on which he spent all his money. 他花掉所有的积蓄买了一套漂亮的房子。 Since I was a little child，I’ve been friends with diary with whom I can share my deepest feelings. 从孩时起，我和日记就一直是朋友，我可以和它分享我最深的感受。 (2)根据定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配而定。 The West Lake for which Hangzhou is famous is a beautiful place. 西湖，杭州以其而闻名，是一个美丽的地方。 Mr Wang for whom I was grateful encouraged me to have a positive attitude to challenges in life. 我很感激王先生，他鼓励我在面对生活中的挑战时保持积极的态度。 (3)根据与先行词搭配的具体含义而定。 He will never forget the day on which they once stayed together. 他永远也忘不了他们曾一起待过的那一天。 (4)根据所表达的意思来确定。 The colorless gas without which we can’t live is called oxygen. 这种无色的气体就是氧气，离了它我们无法生存。 ①某些在从句中充当时间、地点或原因状语的“介词+关系代词”结构可以同关系副词when、where和why互换。 I still remember the time when (=during which) I was in college. 我仍然记得我上大学的那段时光。 This is the hotel where (=in which) they stayed. 这就是他们待过的旅馆。 This is the reason why (=for which) he left in a hurry. 这就是他匆匆离去的原因。 ②有些“动词+介词”短语，如look for、look after、send for、call on、come across、long for等，不可拆开把介词置于关系代词之前。 The doctor that you sent for has not come. 你派人去请的医生还没来。 02 关系代词的选择 “介词+关系代词”既可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。在此结构中，先行词指人时，关系代词用whom，不能用who/that;先行词指物时，关系代词用which，不能用that。 This is the student for whom I bought a book. 这就是我给买了一本书的那个学生。 I’ll never forget the farm on which I spent my childhood in the country. 我永远不会忘记我在乡村度过童年时光的那个农场。 03 “名词/数词/代词等+介词of+关系代词”结构 “名词/数词/代词等+介词of+关系代词”结构，表示部分、整体、数量等概念。 The river, the banks of which are covered with trees，flows to the sea. 这条两岸种满了树的河流流向大海。 He has three sons, two of whom are teachers. 他有三个儿子，其中两个是老师。 Maria has written two novels, both of which have been made into television series. 玛丽亚已经写了两部小说，这两部小说都被拍成了电视剧。 【即时检测】 1．Known as the starting point of the Silk Road, it serves as the capital for several ancient dynasties in Chinese history, including the Qin, Han, and Tang, , the city was called Chang’an. 2．That freedom to choose is one reason more people like to eat alone. There was a time people may have felt awkward about asking for a table for one, but those days are over. Now, we have our smartphones to keep us company at the table. 3．With higher education becoming more accessible across the developing world, gone are the days it was merely a luxury reserved for the privileged elite. 4．Rankings, however, are only one reason a low value is placed on teaching in higher education. 5．The skill of the job, which is done today by Karo Jedrzejczyk, is in perfecting sound effects for subjects such as wildlife to the point the audience believes they are natural. 6．“With demand stimulated and supply constrained, fuel prices will continue rising until demand is destroyed to a level it can meet supply,” she said. 7．New lawyers often come across various cases they really don’t know how to deal with tough situations in the beginning. 8．The English language was settled by the 19th century two big changes in English happened. 9．Milo especially liked going to the railway station near their home during rush hour, ________ commuting (通勤) was challenging for most people. 10. These included a national Go championship hosted by the Chinese Weiqi Association, a Shanghai amateur fencing open organized by the China Sport School Federation, and a youth jump rope competition 60 talented students demonstrated their athletic abilities. 基础通关（测试时间：10分钟） 一、单句语法填空 1．The new CRH train between Beijing and Shanghai speed can reach about 380 km/h will benefit people a lot. 2．I will stamp my golden stay in Paris on my heart I led a happy and fruitful life. 3．Can you think of a situation this word can be used? 4．Those are going to Peking University are the best students of our school. 5．She bought a plant leaves change color with the seasons. 6．We met a traveler had visited over 50 countries and shared amazing stories. 7．The only thing matters in teen-parent communication is mutual respect. 8．The reason she came late was that she was stuck in the traffic. 9．New Year is a wonderful time family and friends come together to say goodbye to the old year and welcome the new one. 10．They cut down trees and use chemicals that kill the plants monarch caterpillars eat. 11．Some passers-by witnessed the car accident five passengers were killed, a baby included. 12．Horses are capable of strategic thinking and planning ahead, a new study has found. Researchers at Nottingham Trent University made a game for horses they had to touch a piece of card with their noses to get a treat. 13．Orissa is the home to three mass nesting sites of the Oliver turtles, a species threatened with extinction, and one of the sites, Gahirmatha, around 70 to 80 million turtles lay eggs on the beach every year, is considered one of the world’s largest nesting sites. 14．McCarthy interviews can now be found everywhere online claims that crunning is a more complete workout because it includes the upper body as well. 15．Their leader, Robert E. Peary, captured the historic moment in photographs as his team proudly held up their flags. Among them was Matthew Henson, an experienced explorer skills had been vital to their success. 16．In today’s digital world most communication is electronic, writing heartfelt thank-you notes enhances emotional intelligence and strengthens relationships. It makes your workplace or home better. 17．He is not so stubborn a man refuses to listen to reasonable suggestions. 18．The new AI model user feedback directly adjusts its learning algorithms (算法) has shown much higher accuracy than the old version. 19．She eventually reached a point she had to make a choice between her career and her family. 20．The girl chose to live in a room window faces the sea. 重难突破（测试时间：10分钟） 1．She’s in a situation she has to support her family alone. 2．The woman we talked about is my sister. 3．Just then I caught sight of a violin was hanging on the wall. 4．With him was a young fellow appearance told of many days in hiding. 5．Temples and other cultural sites were put back together again in a place they were safe from the water. 6．The reason he could not go to that famous university was that his grades was too low. 7．The day New China was founded will never be forgotten. 8．That was the day it took six hours to break my soul.（用适当的词填空） 9．Disneyland is the most unforgettable place I have ever been to. 10．The four countries belong to the United Kingdom work together in some areas. 11．This is the great architect works have won many international prizes. （用适当的词填空） 12．The canal played an important role in ancient China is now being widened. 13．The only thing we can do now is to wait. 14．I’m very grateful to the boy bright smile gave me so much confidence. 15．Have you found the answer to the question I asked you this morning? 16．Great changes have taken place in our city in the past ten years. Everything comes into sight is so new to me. 17．Paul’s favourite player was a guy played for Charlotte Hornets. 18．The man leg broke in a match used to be a football player. 19．We work harder to make further progress in the field of science we are curious about. 20．Don’t set goals go beyond our abilities and skills. 二、完成句子 1．He went to a big city. Many of his friends work in the city. (改写定语从句) → 2．The child is going through a difficult phase. More care and guidance are needed in this phase. (用定语从句合并句子) → 3．Do you remember the place? We all used to meet there.(用定语从句把句子合并起来) → 4．She refused the offer. I’d like to know the reason. (合并成定语从句) → 5．①There is a park nearby. ②Children gather to play in the park. (合并为含定语从句的复合句) → 链接高考（测试时间：15分钟） 一、单句语法填空 1.（2025北京卷）However, according to a report by the World Wildlife Fund, tourists left over 1.3 billion tons of food waste last year, accounted for about 8% of the total global gas release in 2024. 2.（2024新课标I卷） The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England. 3.（2024全国甲卷）Yellowstone was the largest United States national park - 2.2 million acres - until Wrangell- Saint Elias in southern Alaska, became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres. 4.（2024浙江1月卷）Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way _________ will make them the most money. 5.（2023全国乙卷）But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural wonders standing side by side with historical buildings of the past. 6.（2021新课标II卷）I decided that if I learned of a company ___________used a lot of plastic, I’d send it an email urging it to cut back. 7.（2021浙江1月卷）BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool ___________ gives an indication of whether someone is a healthy weight. 8.（2020新课标卷）The 80，000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, formed the core collection of the British Museum __________ opened in 1759. 9.（2020江苏卷）Many lessons are now available online, from ___________students can choose for free. 10.（2024新课标II卷）Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown. 11.（2023全国甲卷）Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, _________Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow”. 12.（2023全国乙卷）The color she chose came in a box which had a picture of a woman ________hair color looked just perfect. 13.（2022浙江1月卷）Kim Cobb, a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, is one of a small but growing minority of academics ___________ are cutting back on their air travel because of climate change. 14.（2022全国甲卷）On the 1,100. Kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang， ___________ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three province. 15.（2020全国III卷）In ancient China lived an artist, __________ paintings were almost lifelike. The artist’s reputation had made him proud. 16.（2020天津卷）Dr. Rowan, __________ secretary resigned two weeks ago, has had to do all his own typing. 17.（2025全国二卷） Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, bamboo and tea bushes (灌木) grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free-range, and central heating doesn’t exist. 18.（2021天津卷）William Hastie once suggested that history informs us of past mistakes from __________we can learn without repeating them. 19.（2023全国甲卷）“There was once a town in the heart of America, _________ all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with is surroundings,” her fable begins, borrowing some familiar words from many age-old fables. 20.（2021天津卷）At the Chinese art festival, there are different stands _________ artists demonstrate their skills and teach the visitors. 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题05 定语从句（期末复习讲义） 年份 卷别 考点 考情分析 2025 2025全国一卷 非限制性定语从句--关系代词which 【考向透视】 分析近年高考英语真题，定语从句是高考英语的语法基石与能力分水岭，其考查全面渗透于各题型，兼具基础性和区分度。 在语法填空和短文改错中直接考查，重点区分： 1． 关系代词 (that/ which/ who/ whom/ whose) 在从句中充当的成分（主、宾、定）。 2． 关系副词 (when/where/why) 与“介词+which”的转换。 3． 非限制性定语从句（用逗号隔开，不用that）是高频易错点。 在阅读理解中考查学生能否快速拆解含有嵌套定语从句的长难句，准确定位先行词，是理解复杂信息、攻克主旨与推断题的关键。在完形填空语境中，选择正确的关系词（如区分where与which）以保障逻辑连贯，考查微观语篇能力。在书面表达中能否主动、准确地使用定语从句（尤其是非限制性定语从句）升级句式，是作文获得语言丰富性高分的关键标志。 【复习目标】 1.了解定语从句的基本用法; 2.区分限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句; 3.熟知关系代词和关系副词的用法并能正确判断使用哪种关系词； 4.掌握“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句及as引导的定语从句。 2025浙江1月卷 非限制性定语从句--关系代词which 2025全国二卷 非限制性定语从句--关系副词where 2025北京卷 非限制性定语从句--关系代词which 2024 2024·新课标I卷 限制性定语从句--关系代词which/that 2024·新课标II卷 非限制性定语从句--关系代词who 2024·全国甲卷 限制性定语从句--关系代词which 2024·北京卷 非限制性定语从句--关系代词who 2024·浙江1月 限制性定语从句--关系代词which/that 2023 2023·全国乙卷 限制性定语从句--关系代词which/that 2023·全国甲卷 非限制性定语从句--关系副词where 非限制性定语从句--关系代词as 定语从句的概念和位置 1．概念：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句起形容词的作用，在句中修饰一个名词或代词。被修饰的词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 关系词常有三个作用： ①连接主句和定语从句。 ②指代先行词。 ③在定语从句中充当成分。 2．位置：通常放在被修饰词(即先行词)之后。 如：在复合句“Mary is a girl who has long hair.”中“who has long hair”为定语从句，修饰a girl，a girl即为先行词，who为关系词，起连接作用，同时在从句中充当主语。关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词所代替的先行词是表示人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。 01 关系代词who who指人，在从句中可作主语、宾语和表语，作宾语时可省略。 There is a girl who wants to see you. 有个女孩儿想见你。(who作主语) That is the man (who) I met in Beijing last year. 他就是我去年在北京碰见的那个人。(who作宾语，可省略) 02 关系代词whom whom指人，在从句中作宾语，可省略，此时也可用who代替。 He was a personal friend (who/whom) I’ve known for many years. 他是一位我认识多年的私人朋友。(who/whom在定语从句中作known的宾语) The old man (who/whom) you saw yesterday is a thinker. 你昨天见到的那位老人是一位思想家。(who/whom在定语从句中作saw的宾语) 03 关系代词that that代替指人或指物的先行词，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时可省略。 This is the house (that) we bought last month. 这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。 This is the thief (that) we have been looking for these days. 这就是我们近日来一直在找的小偷。 关系代词只能用who，不能用that的情况。 ①先行词是指人的代词时，如one、ones、anyone、those等。 One who has nothing to fear dares to tell the truth. 一个无所畏惧的人敢于说实话。 ②先行词为人称代词时，关系代词应用who。 He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man. 不到长城非好汉。 04 关系代词which which指物，在从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可以省略。 The river which runs through the centre of the city has been cleaned. (which 指物，在从句中作主语，不能省略) 穿过市中心的那条河已经清理过了。 The exact year (which) Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008. (which指物，在从句中作宾语，可以省略) 安杰拉和她的家人在中国共同度过的确切年份是2008年。 (1)关系代词只能用which，不能用that的情况。 ①引导非限制性定语从句时。 Football，which is a very interesting game，is played in many countries. 足球是一项很有趣的运动，很多国家的人都踢足球。 ②介词后只能用which，不能用that。 We depend on the land from which we get our food.(which不可以省略) 我们依靠土地获得食物。 (2)关系代词只能用that，不能用which的情况。 ①当先行词为anything、nothing、something、all、much、few、any、little等不定代词或先行词被all、much、few等词修饰时。 All that is needed is a supply of oil. 所需的只是油的供给。 ②先行词被the only、the very等修饰时。 This is the very scarf that my mother has been looking for. 这就是我妈妈一直在找的那条围巾。 ③先行词被序数词、数词、形容词最高级修饰时。 This is the most beautiful park that I have ever visited. 这是我参观过的最美丽的公园。 ④先行词既有人又有物时。 Can you tell me the people and events that you saw in Britain? 你能告诉我你在英国见到的人和事吗? ⑤当关系代词在从句中作表语时。 China is no longer the country (that) it used to be.(在主句中，the country作表语) 中国已不再是过去的那个中国了。 ⑥当关系代词出现在以who或which开头的疑问句中时，为避免重复，关系代词用that。 Who is the boy that is talking to Tina in English? 那个用英语和蒂娜说话的男孩是谁? 05 关系代词whose whose既可指人也可指物，表所属关系。在定语从句中修饰名词作定语，相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格。它可以转化为“the+名词+of which/whom”和“of which/whom+the+名词”的形式。 I want to read the book whose cover is blue，and please pass it to me. =I want to read the book of which the cover is blue，and please pass it to me. =I want to read the book the cover of which is blue，and please pass it to me. 我想看那本封面是蓝色的书，劳驾您递一下给我。 This is the person whose story surprises everybody. =This is the person of whom the story/the story of whom surprises everybody. 就是这个人的故事让所有人感到吃惊。 whose通常可被“the+n.+of whom/which”或“of whom/which+the+n.”替换。 Our school plans to hold a foreign language festival，whose aim is to improve students’ interest in learning foreign language. →Our school plans to hold a foreign language festival，the aim of which/of which the aim is to improve students’ interest in learning foreign language. 我们学校计划举办一次外语节，其目的是提高学生们学习外语的兴趣。 06 关系代词as as指人或物，在从句中作主语或宾语。常和the same、such连用。构成固定用法“the same...as...”和“such...as...”。 Even in my dreams I couldn’t imagine such a beautiful place as you have offered us. 我做梦也想象不到你给了我们一个如此美丽的地方。 It was so difficult a problem as nobody in my class could work out. 这个问题很难以至于我们班里没有人能解出来。 【即时检测】 1．Anyone who is a server or ____ has been one knows that customers always come first. A．whom B．what C．who D．which 2．—Class， you should be thankful to those people _______ helped and supported you. —We will. Miss Chen. A．which B．whom C．who D．whose 3．She has a teenager granddaughter about my age ________ is really kind. A．who B．which C．where D．/ 4．—What are you looking for? —I' m looking for the dictionary ______ you lent me last week. A．who B．what C．that D．when 5．— What do you think of the show Readers on CCTV? — It’s a great TV show _______ expresses our true feelings by reading aloud in public. A．whom B．who C．whose D．that 6．—What kind of teachers do you like， John? —I like the teachers _____are friendly to us. A．which B．whose C．who 7．—In the program The Singer in 2018， I like Hua Chenyu most. —Yes. He is the singer _______ won the first prize of Happy Boy’s Voice in 2013. A．what B．which C．who 8．—Only You is a TV program _______is popular with most young people. —Yes， it is definitely true. A．that B．whose C．what D．who 9．Yuan Longping is a Chinese rice scientist _______________is leading a research to develop "sea rice". A．who B．whom C．which D．whose 10．Danny met a famous astronaut ________ was the first Canadian astronaut in space. A．which B．what C．whose D．who 11．—I hear that Lucy’s uncle is a worker here. —Yes. Look， the man ________ is working over there is her uncle. A．whom B．who C．what D．which 12．—Have you watched the TV play “In the Name of People”(人民的名义)？ —It’s the most popular play ______ our Party’s trying to struggle against corruption(反对腐败). A．where show B．which show C．that shows D．who shows 13．My grandparents like stories ________ have happy endings. A．they B．who C．which D．/ 14．—Is this the new dictionary  ___ you got yesterday? —Yes. Now it's very convenient for me to look up words. A．that B．why C．what 15．That’s the boy _______won the first prize in the competition yesterday. A．who B．which C．whom 1．C 考查定语从句。句意：任何服务员或曾经做过服务员的人都知道顾客至上的道理。此处是限定性定语从句，先行词是anyone，指人，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，应用who引导。故选C。 2．C 考查定语从句。句意：——同学们，你们应该感谢那些帮助你们和支持你们的人。——陈老师，我们会的。which引导定语从句，修饰事物，作主语、宾语和表语；whom引导定语从句，修饰人，作宾语或表语；who引导定语从句，修饰人，作主语或宾语。whose引导定语从句，修饰人或物，作定语；此处修饰先行词people，表示人，作定语从句的主语，故用who。故选C。 3．A 考查定语从句。句意：她有一个和我年龄相仿的十几岁的孙女，人真的很好。此处是限定性定语从句，先行词是granddaughter，指人，关系词替代先行词在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词who或that引导。故选A。 4．C 考查定语从句。句意：—你在寻找什么？—我正在寻找你上周借给我的字典。A. who谁；B. what什么；C. that那个；D. when什么时候。分析句子结构可知，本句为定语从句，先行词为dictionary，指物做宾语，可以用关系代词that/which，故选C. 5．D 考查定语从句。句意：——你对中央电视台的节目 《朗读者》有什么看法？——这是 一个很棒的电视节目，通过公开朗读来表达我们的真实感受。分析句子可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为a great TV show，指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，要用关系代词that/which。故答案为D。 6．C 考查定语从句。句意：——约翰，你喜欢哪类的老师？——我喜欢对我们友好的老师。此处是限定性定语从句，先行词是teachers，关系词替代先行词在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词who或that引导。故选C。 7．C 考查定语从句。句意：——2018年的《歌手》节目，我最喜欢华晨宇。——是的。他是2013年获得快乐男声一等奖的歌手。句中先行词为the singer，指人，关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who引导。故选C。 8．A 考查定语从句。句意：——《只有你》是一个深受年轻人欢迎的电视节目。——是的，这绝对是真的。此处是限定性定语从句，先行词是TV program，指物，关系词替代先行词在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词which或that引导。故选A。 9．A 考查定语从句关系词的选择。句意：袁隆平是领导研究海稻米的一个中国的稻米科学家。当先行词表人，且定语从句缺少主语或宾语时，应选择关系代词who；当先行词表人，且定语从句缺少宾语时，应选择关系代词whom；当先行词表物，且定语从句缺少主语或宾语时，应选择关系代词which；当先行词指人或物，且定语从句缺少定语时，应选择关系代词whose。分析可知，定语从句修饰先行词scientist，意为：科学家，表人，且在从句中作主语；故选A。 10．D 考查定语从句。句意：丹尼遇到了一位著名的宇航员，他是进入太空的第一位加拿大宇航员。which指代物，whose指代人或物，先行词在定语从句中作定语；who指代人，先行词在定语从句中作主语或宾语；what一般不引导定语从句。这里先行词astronaut是人，在从句中作主语，故用who引导。故选D。 11．B 考查定语从句。句意：——我听说露西的叔叔是这里的工人。——是的。看，在那边工作的那个人是她的叔叔。此处是限定性定语从句，先行词是man，指人，关系词替代先行词在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词who或that引导。故选B。 12．C 考查定语从句。句意：——你看过电视剧《人民的名义》吗?——这是我们党努力反腐的最受欢迎的剧本。当先行词前有形容词的最高级或者序数词来修饰的时候，关系代词只能用that。谓语与先行词保持一致，用第三人称单数。故选C。 13．C 考查定语从句。句意：我祖父母喜欢有快乐结尾的故事。根据句意，这是一个含有定语从句的复合句。句中stories是先行词，故关系词要用that或者which，故可排除AB；再根据所缺的空在定语从句中作主语，故关系代词不能省略，故排除D。故选C。 14．A 考查定语从句。句意：这就是昨天你得到的新字典吗？--是的，我用它查单词非常方便。分析句子可知，这是一个定语从句，先行词是dictionary，且先行词在从句中做宾语，故应用关系代词来引导。结合选项，故选A。 15．A 考查定语从句。句意：那就是那个昨天在比赛中获得一等奖的男孩。根据题干可知这是一个定语从句，先行词the boy，是人，所以应该用who引导定语从句，且关系代词在从句中作主语；which的先行词是物；whom的先行词是人，whom指代的部分在从句中做宾语。故选A。 易｜错｜点｜拨 (1)关系代词只能用which，不能用that的情况。 ①引导非限制性定语从句时。 Football, which is a very interesting game，is played in many countries. 足球是一项很有趣的运动，很多国家的人都踢足球。 ②介词后只能用which，不能用that。 We depend on the land from which we get our food.(which不可以省略) 我们依靠土地获得食物。 (2)关系代词只能用that，不能用which的情况。 ①当先行词为anything、nothing、something、all、much、few、any、little等不定代词或先行词被all、much、few等词修饰时。 All that is needed is a supply of oil. 所需的只是油的供给。 ②先行词被the only、the very等修饰时。 This is the very scarf that my mother has been looking for. 这就是我妈妈一直在找的那条围巾。 ③先行词被序数词、数词、形容词最高级修饰时。 This is the most beautiful park that I have ever visited. 这是我参观过的最美丽的公园。 ④先行词既有人又有物时。 Can you tell me the people and events that you saw in Britain? 你能告诉我你在英国见到的人和事吗? ⑤当关系代词在从句中作表语时。 China is no longer the country (that) it used to be.(在主句中，the country作表语) 中国已不再是过去的那个中国了。 ⑥当关系代词出现在以who或which开头的疑问句中时，为避免重复，关系代词用that。 Who is the boy that is talking to Tina in English? 那个用英语和蒂娜说话的男孩是谁? 关系副词引导的定语从句 当先行词在定语从句中作状语，即定语从句不缺主语、宾语或者表语时，通常要用关系副词引导定语从句。常用的关系副词有where，when，why。关系副词的指代及功能如下: 关系副词 先行词 功能 when 表示时间的名词 时间状语 where 表示地点的名词 地点状语 why reason 原因状语 01 关系副词when 关系副词when引导定语从句时，先行词应是表示时间的名词，关系副词在从句中作时间状语。相当于“介词in/at/on/during...+which”结构。常见的表示时间的名词有time、hour、day、year、moment、occasion(时刻)、age(年代)、period(阶段)、stage(时期)、interval(间隙)等。 I will never forget the day when/on which I first saw you. 我永远不会忘记我第一次见到你的日子。 I’ll never forget the days when/in which I studied in the classroom. 我永远不会忘记我在教室里学习的那些日子。 Occasions are quite rare when I have the time to spend a day with my kids. 我有时间和孩子们待一天的机会很少。 若时间名词后面的定语从句的关系词在从句中作主语或宾语，则定语从句改用which或that引导。 Do you remember the days which/that we spent together on the farm? 你还记得我们在农场一起度过的那些日子吗?(which/that作spent的宾语) 02 关系副词where 关系副词where引导定语从句时，先行词应是表示地点或抽象地点的名词，关系副词在从句中作地点状语。相当于“介词in/at/on...+which”结构。常见的表示抽象地点的名词有situation、point、case、position、condition、occasion等。 The school where/in which my son studies is near a park. 我儿子就读的学校靠近公园。 It came to a point where I had to make a decision. 事情到了我必须做出决定的地步。 若地点名词后面的定语从句的关系词在从句中作主语或宾语，则定语从句改用which或that引导。 The school which/that we visited yesterday is newly built. 我们昨天参观的那所学校是新建的。(which/that作visited的宾语) 03 关系副词why 关系副词why引导定语从句时，先行词常为reason，关系副词在从句中作原因状语。相当于“for+which”结构。 Do you know the reason why/for which he got up so early yesterday? 你知道他昨天起个大早的原因吗? Helping an old man on the way to school is the reason why/for which he was late for school last Wednesday. 上学路上帮助一位老人是他上周三上学迟到的原因。 若reason后的定语从句的关系词在从句中作主语或宾语，则定语从句改用which或that 引导。 Do you want to know the reason why/for which he always gets full marks in maths examinations? 你想知道他在数学考试中总是得满分的原因吗?(why作原因状语) I won’t listen to the reason which/that you have given us. 我坚决不听你告诉我们的那个理由。(定语从句中缺少宾语，所以用which/that，不用why) “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句 关系代词作介词的宾语时，为了使关系代词与先行词的关系更加紧凑，可以将从句中的介词提到关系代词前，形成“介词+关系代词”结构。该结构中的关系代词可用which或whom。 01 代词的选用 (1)根据与定语从句中动词所需要的某种习惯搭配来确定。 He bought a beautiful house on which he spent all his money. 他花掉所有的积蓄买了一套漂亮的房子。 Since I was a little child，I’ve been friends with diary with whom I can share my deepest feelings. 从孩时起，我和日记就一直是朋友，我可以和它分享我最深的感受。 (2)根据定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配而定。 The West Lake for which Hangzhou is famous is a beautiful place. 西湖，杭州以其而闻名，是一个美丽的地方。 Mr Wang for whom I was grateful encouraged me to have a positive attitude to challenges in life. 我很感激王先生，他鼓励我在面对生活中的挑战时保持积极的态度。 (3)根据与先行词搭配的具体含义而定。 He will never forget the day on which they once stayed together. 他永远也忘不了他们曾一起待过的那一天。 (4)根据所表达的意思来确定。 The colorless gas without which we can’t live is called oxygen. 这种无色的气体就是氧气，离了它我们无法生存。 ①某些在从句中充当时间、地点或原因状语的“介词+关系代词”结构可以同关系副词when、where和why互换。 I still remember the time when (=during which) I was in college. 我仍然记得我上大学的那段时光。 This is the hotel where (=in which) they stayed. 这就是他们待过的旅馆。 This is the reason why (=for which) he left in a hurry. 这就是他匆匆离去的原因。 ②有些“动词+介词”短语，如look for、look after、send for、call on、come across、long for等，不可拆开把介词置于关系代词之前。 The doctor that you sent for has not come. 你派人去请的医生还没来。 02 关系代词的选择 “介词+关系代词”既可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。在此结构中，先行词指人时，关系代词用whom，不能用who/that;先行词指物时，关系代词用which，不能用that。 This is the student for whom I bought a book. 这就是我给买了一本书的那个学生。 I’ll never forget the farm on which I spent my childhood in the country. 我永远不会忘记我在乡村度过童年时光的那个农场。 03 “名词/数词/代词等+介词of+关系代词”结构 “名词/数词/代词等+介词of+关系代词”结构，表示部分、整体、数量等概念。 The river, the banks of which are covered with trees，flows to the sea. 这条两岸种满了树的河流流向大海。 He has three sons, two of whom are teachers. 他有三个儿子，其中两个是老师。 Maria has written two novels, both of which have been made into television series. 玛丽亚已经写了两部小说，这两部小说都被拍成了电视剧。 【即时检测】 1．Known as the starting point of the Silk Road, it serves as the capital for several ancient dynasties in Chinese history, including the Qin, Han, and Tang, , the city was called Chang’an. 【答案】when 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：西安作为丝绸之路的起点而著名，是中国古代历史上几个朝代的首都，包括秦、汉和唐，那时这个城市被叫做长安。空处引导了非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Qin， Han， and Tang，且在从句中作时间状语。故填when。 2．That freedom to choose is one reason more people like to eat alone. There was a time people may have felt awkward about asking for a table for one, but those days are over. Now, we have our smartphones to keep us company at the table. 【答案】when 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这种自主选择的权利是越来越多的人喜欢独自用餐的一个原因。曾经，人们可能会觉得向服务员提出要一张单人桌会有些尴尬，但那样的日子已经一去不复返了。如今，我们有了智能手机，在用餐时它们会陪伴我们左右。先行词是time，定语从句中缺少时间状语，故填when。 3．With higher education becoming more accessible across the developing world, gone are the days it was merely a luxury reserved for the privileged elite. 【答案】when 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：随着高等教育在发展中国家变得越来越容易，高等教育仅仅是特权精英专属的奢侈品的日子已经一去不复返了。定语从句修饰先行词days，在从句作时间状语。故填when。 4．Rankings, however, are only one reason a low value is placed on teaching in higher education. 【答案】why 【解析】考查定语从句。句意: 然而，排名只是高等教育对教学重视程度较低的一个原因。设空处引导定语从句， 修饰先行词reason，引导词在从句中作原因状语， 应用关系副词why。故填why。 5．The skill of the job, which is done today by Karo Jedrzejczyk, is in perfecting sound effects for subjects such as wildlife to the point the audience believes they are natural. 【答案】where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这项工作目前由卡罗·杰德热齐克负责完成，其职责在于精心制作诸如野生动物等主题的音效，直至让观众感觉这些音效是自然发生的。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词point，表示抽象的地点，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，应用where引导从句。故填where。 6．“With demand stimulated and supply constrained, fuel prices will continue rising until demand is destroyed to a level it can meet supply,” she said. 【答案】where 【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意：她说：在需求受到刺激而供应受限的情况下，燃料价格将继续上涨，直到需求被抑制到与供应相匹配的水平。此处为关系词引导的定语从句，先行词为“a level”，从句中不缺少主语和宾语，所以使用关系副词，先行词为抽象地点名词“在该水平上”，所以应用关系副词 where 引导定语从句。故填 where。 7．New lawyers often come across various cases they really don’t know how to deal with tough situations in the beginning. 【答案】where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：新律师经常遇到各种各样的案件，在这些案件中他们一开始真的不知道如何处理棘手的情况。空格处引导定语从句，先行词是various cases，在从句中作地点状语，因此应用关系副词where引导定语从句。故填where。 8．The English language was settled by the 19th century two big changes in English happened. 【答案】when 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：英语在19世纪得以定型，而也就是在这个时期，英语发生了两大变化。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为 the 19th century，在从句中作时间状语，所以应用关系副词when引导。故填when。 9．Milo especially liked going to the railway station near their home during rush hour, ________ commuting (通勤) was challenging for most people. 【答案】when 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：Milo尤其喜欢在上下班高峰期去家附近的火车站，那时上下班对大多数人来说都是一种挑战。本空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是rush hour，关系词代替先行词在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导。故填when。 10. These included a national Go championship hosted by the Chinese Weiqi Association, a Shanghai amateur fencing open organized by the China Sport School Federation, and a youth jump rope competition 60 talented students demonstrated their athletic abilities. 【答案】where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：其中包括由中国围棋协会主办的全国围棋锦标赛，由中国体校联合会组织的上海业余击剑公开赛，以及才华横溢的学生展示运动能力的青少年跳绳比赛。分析句子可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，“a youth jump rope competition”是先行词，在后面的定语从句中作地点状语，即“在青少年跳绳比赛中”，所以用关系副词 “where”。故填where。 基础通关（测试时间：10分钟） 一、单句语法填空 1．The new CRH train between Beijing and Shanghai speed can reach about 380 km/h will benefit people a lot. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：北京和上海之间的新型和谐号列车，其速度可达约380公里每小时，这将使人们受益匪浅。先行词“the new CRH train”，在定语从句中作定语，关系代词为whose。故填whose。 2．I will stamp my golden stay in Paris on my heart I led a happy and fruitful life. 【答案】when 【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：我会将在巴黎那段美好的时光深深印在心里，在那段时间里我过着快乐且充实的生活。英文句子中“____ I led a happy and fruitful life”为定语从句，修饰先行词“stay”，先行词在从句中作时间状语，所以用关系副词“when”。故填when。 3．Can you think of a situation this word can be used? 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你能想到一个这个单词可以使用的情境吗？空格处需要引导一个定语从句，修饰先行词situation，且situation在从句中作地点状语，表示“在某个地方”。关系副词where可以引导定语从句并在从句中作地点状语。故填where。 4．Those are going to Peking University are the best students of our school. 【答案】who 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：那些要去北京大学的人是我们学校最优秀的学生。空格处引导定语从句，先行词为“Those”，指代人，关系代词在从句中作主语，需用关系代词who引导。故填who。 5．She bought a plant leaves change color with the seasons. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：她买了一株叶子随季节变化颜色的植物。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a plant，先行词指物，在从句中作定语，和leaves之间是所属关系，应用关系代词whose作引导词。故填whose。 6．We met a traveler had visited over 50 countries and shared amazing stories. 【答案】who/that 【详解】 考查定语从句关系代词。句意：我们遇到了一位旅行者，他访问过50多个国家，并分享了精彩的故事。空格前后均有谓语，分别为“met”和“had visited”，因此设空处应填连词；分析句子结构，结合句意可知，空格后是一个定语从句，修饰先行词“a traveler”。先行词是人，且关系词在从句中作主语，因此应使用关系代词who或that来引导。故填who/that。 7．The only thing matters in teen-parent communication is mutual respect. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在青少年和父母之间的交流中，唯一重要的是相互尊重。空处引导限制性定语从句，从句缺少主语，先行词thing指物，且被the only修饰，只能用关系代词that作引导词。故填that。 8．The reason she came late was that she was stuck in the traffic. 【答案】why/for which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：她迟到的原因是堵车了。for the reason“由于这个原因”。“____she came late”为定语从句，先行词是The reason，关系词代替先行词在从句中作原因状语，可用关系副词why或“介词for+关系代词which”引导。故填why/for which。 9．New Year is a wonderful time family and friends come together to say goodbye to the old year and welcome the new one. 【答案】when 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：新年是一个美好的时光，家人和朋友在这个时候聚在一起，向旧年告别，迎接新年。设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词New Year，引导词在从句中作时间状语，需用关系副词when引导。故填when。 10．They cut down trees and use chemicals that kill the plants monarch caterpillars eat. 【答案】that/ which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他们砍伐树木，使用杀死帝王蝶幼虫所食植物的化学物质。空处引导限定性定语从句，先行词是the plants，指物，在从句中作eat的宾语，应用关系代词that或which引导该从句。故填that/which。 11．Some passers-by witnessed the car accident five passengers were killed， a baby included. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：一些路人目睹了这场车祸，事故中五名乘客丧生，其中包括一名婴儿。此处为关系词引导的定语从句，先行词为“the car accident”，从句中不缺主谓宾，需用关系副词where引导，在从句中作地点状语。故填where。 12．Horses are capable of strategic thinking and planning ahead, a new study has found. Researchers at Nottingham Trent University made a game for horses they had to touch a piece of card with their noses to get a treat. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：诺丁汉特伦特大学的研究人员为马设计了一个游戏，在这个游戏中它们必须用鼻子触碰一张卡片才能得到食物奖励。根据空格前后都有谓语动词可知，此处应填连词。结合句意及句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词game，从句“they had to touch a piece of card with their noses to get a treat”结构完整，先行词代入从句中充当地点状语，即“在这个游戏里”，应用关系副词where引导定语从句。故填where。 13．Orissa is the home to three mass nesting sites of the Oliver turtles, a species threatened with extinction, and one of the sites, Gahirmatha, around 70 to 80 million turtles lay eggs on the beach every year, is considered one of the world’s largest nesting sites. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：奥里萨邦是橄榄龟的三个大规模筑巢地的家园，橄榄龟是一种濒临灭绝的物种，其中一个筑巢地Gahirmatha被认为是世界上最大的筑巢地之一，每年约有7000万到8000万只海龟在海滩上产卵。“____ around 70 to 80 million turtles lay eggs on the beach every year”为定语从句，修饰先行词Gahirmatha，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 14．McCarthy interviews can now be found everywhere online claims that crunning is a more complete workout because it includes the upper body as well. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：现在在网上随处都能找到麦卡锡接受采访的内容，他声称爬跑是更全面的锻炼，因为它也锻炼到了上半身。“____ interviews can now be found everywhere online”是定语从句，修饰先行词McCarthy，关系词将其代入从句中作定语，修饰interviews，用表示所属关系的关系代词whose引导该定语从句。故填whose。 15．Their leader, Robert E. Peary, captured the historic moment in photographs as his team proudly held up their flags. Among them was Matthew Henson, an experienced explorer skills had been vital to their success. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在他们当中有 Matthew Henson，一位经验丰富的探险家，他的技能对他们的成功至关重要。“_____ skills had been vital to their success”为定语从句，修饰先行词an experienced explorer，关系词代替先行词在从句中作定语，修饰skills，用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。 16．In today’s digital world most communication is electronic, writing heartfelt thank-you notes enhances emotional intelligence and strengthens relationships. It makes your workplace or home better. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在当今数字世界中，大多数通信都是电子化的，而写发自内心的感谢信能增强情商并加强人际关系。它能让你的工作场所或家庭变得更好。“____most communication is electronic”为定语从句，修饰先行词world，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 17．He is not so stubborn a man refuses to listen to reasonable suggestions. 【答案】as 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他并不是一个固执到拒绝听取合理建议的人。此处为关系词引导的定语从句，从句中缺少主语，所以此处使用关系代词，先行词man被so修饰，所以此处使用关系代词as。故填as。 18．The new AI model user feedback directly adjusts its learning algorithms (算法) has shown much higher accuracy than the old version. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：根据用户反馈直接调整学习算法的新人工智能模型的准确性比旧版本高得多。先行词“the new AI model”，在定语从句中作地点状语。关系副词为where。故填where。 19．She eventually reached a point she had to make a choice between her career and her family. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：她最终到了必须在事业和家庭之间做出选择的地步。空处引导限制性定语从句，代替先行词point在从句中作抽象的地点状语，应用关系副词where作引导词。故填where。 20．The girl chose to live in a room window faces the sea. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这个女孩选择住在一个窗户面向大海的房间。空处引导定语从句，先行词为room，在从句中作定语修饰window，故应用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。 重难突破（测试时间：10分钟） 1．She’s in a situation she has to support her family alone. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：她现在的处境是必须独自养家。空处引导定语从句，先行词是situation，关系词在从句中作抽象的地点状语，应用关系副词where引导，故填where。 2．The woman we talked about is my sister. 【答案】who/ whom/ that 【详解】考查定语从句关系代词。句意：我们谈论的那个女人是我的姐姐。根据上文The woman可知此处为who/whom/that引导的定语从句，表示“我们谈论的......人”，应填关系代词who/whom/that作宾语。故填who/whom/that。 3．Just then I caught sight of a violin was hanging on the wall. 【答案】which/ that 【详解】考查定语从句关系代词。句意：就在那时，我看见了一把挂在墙上的小提琴。根据上文a violin，且关系代词在从句中作主语，可知此处为定语从句a violin which/that was hanging on the wall.，表示“一把挂在墙上的小提琴”，应填关系代词which/that作主语。故填which/that。 4．With him was a young fellow appearance told of many days in hiding. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句关系代词。句意：和他在一起的是一个年轻小伙子，他的外貌表明他已经躲藏了很多天。此处为定语从句，先行词是 “a young fellow”，关系代词在从句中修饰名词 “appearance”，表示 “…… 的”，应用 “whose” 引导定语从句。故填 whose。 5．Temples and other cultural sites were put back together again in a place they were safe from the water. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：寺庙和其他文化遗址被重新安置在一个不受洪水侵袭的安全地方。空处引导定语从句，先行词是a place，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，所以空处需用关系副词where引导定语从句。故填where。 6．The reason he could not go to that famous university was that his grades was too low. 【答案】why 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他没能进入那所著名大学的原因是他的成绩太差了。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词reason，在从句作原因状语，需用关系副词why引导。故填why。 7．The day New China was founded will never be forgotten. 【答案】when 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：新中国成立的那一天将永远不会被忘记。“ New China was founded”是限制性定语从句，对先行词the day进行限定说明，先行词在从句中作时间状语，所以，应该用关系副词when引导从句。故填when。 8．That was the day it took six hours to break my soul.（用适当的词填空） 【答案】when/on which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：就是在那一天，我花了六个小时来摧毁我的灵魂。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，在此句中，“the day”是先行词，后面的“it took six hours to break my soul”是定语从句，修饰“the day”。从句中缺少时间状语，即“在那一天”，所以可以用关系副词“when 或者“介词 + 关系代词”结构“on which”来引导定语从句。故填when/on which。 9．Disneyland is the most unforgettable place I have ever been to. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：迪士尼乐园是我去过的最难忘的地方。此处引导限制性定语从句，指事物，作宾语，且先行词被最高级修饰，用关系代词that引导定语从句。故填that。 10．The four countries belong to the United Kingdom work together in some areas. 【答案】which/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：属于联合王国的这四个国家在一些领域开展合作。空处引导限定性定语从句，修饰先行词The four countries，指物，且关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which或that引导该从句。故填which/that。 11．This is the great architect works have won many international prizes. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这位是伟大的建筑师，他的作品赢得了许多国际奖项。空处引导定语从句，先行词architect，在定语从句中作定语，需用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。 12．The canal played an important role in ancient China is now being widened. 【答案】which/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这条对古中国很重要的运河现在正在被扩宽。此处引导定语从句，修饰先行词The canal，指物，且在定语从句中作主语，故应用which/that引导，故填which/that。 13．The only thing we can do now is to wait. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们现在唯一能做的就是等待。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词thing，指物，在从句中作宾语成分，结合先行词thing被表示唯一性的词only所修饰，所以只能用that引导。故填that。 14．I’m very grateful to the boy bright smile gave me so much confidence. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我非常感谢那个男孩，他灿烂的微笑给了我如此多的信心。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为the boy，作从句中bright smile的定语，用关系代词whose。故填whose。 15．Have you found the answer to the question I asked you this morning? 【答案】which/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你找到我今天早上问你的问题的答案了吗？空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the question，先行词在从句中充当宾语成分，用关系代词which/that引导。故填which/that。 16．Great changes have taken place in our city in the past ten years. Everything comes into sight is so new to me. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在过去的十年间我们的城市发生了巨大改变，一切出现在眼前的事物对我来说都是新的。空处引导定语从句，先行词为不定代词everything，关系代词作从句主语，用that。故填that。 17．Paul’s favourite player was a guy played for Charlotte Hornets. 【答案】who/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：Paul最喜欢的球员是一个曾为夏洛特黄蜂队效力的人。根据句子结构，空处需填关系词引导定语从句，修饰先行词“a guy”，在从句中作主语，指代人，应用关系代词who或者that。故填who/that。 18．The man leg broke in a match used to be a football player. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在比赛中摔断腿的那个人以前是个足球运动员。本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是The man，指人，关系词代替先行词在从句中作定语，修饰名词leg，应用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。 19．We work harder to make further progress in the field of science we are curious about. 【答案】that/ which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们努力工作，在我们感兴趣的科学领域取得更大的进步。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“the field of science”，在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词that或which。故填that/which。 20．Don’t set goals go beyond our abilities and skills. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：不要设定超出我们能力和技能的目标。此处为关系词引导的限定性定语从句，修饰先行词goals，从句中缺少主语，所以此处使用关系代词，先行词指的是事物，所以使用关系代词that或者which。故填that或which。 二、完成句子 1．He went to a big city. Many of his friends work in the city. (改写定语从句) → 【答案】He went to a big city in which many of his friends work./He went to a big city where many of his friends work. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他去了一个大城市，他的许多朋友都在这个城市工作。两个句子含有共同部分“city”，结合题目要求“改写定语从句”，可以用a big city作先行词，指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语，所以需用关系副词where或介词in+关系代词which引导定语从句，替代in the city。故填：He went to a big city in which/where many of his friends work. 2．The child is going through a difficult phase. More care and guidance are needed in this phase. (用定语从句合并句子) → 【答案】The child is going through a difficult phase when more care and guidance are needed./The child is going through a difficult phase in which more care and guidance are needed. 【详解】考查限制性定语从句。原句句意：这个孩子正在经历一个困难的阶段。在这个阶段需要更多的关心和指导。第二句中的this phase指代前一句中的a difficult phase，可将a difficult phase作为先行词，用限制性定语从句加以修饰，可将先行词作为定语从句中的时间状语，用关系副词when引导，或将先行词作为从句中介词in的宾语，用关系代词which引导。故答案为：The child is going through a difficult phase when more care and guidance are needed./The child is going through a difficult phase in which more care and guidance are needed. 3．Do you remember the place? We all used to meet there.(用定语从句把句子合并起来) → 【答案】Do you remember the place where we all used to meet? 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你还记得那个地方吗？我们过去常在那里见面。根据题目要求，将We all used to meet there改写为定语从句，先行词为the place，在定语从句中作地点状语，需用关系副词where引导。故答案为Do you remember the place where we all used to meet? 4．She refused the offer. I’d like to know the reason. (合并成定语从句) → 【答案】I’d like to know the reason why she refused the offer./I’d like to know the reason for which she refused the offer. 【详解】考查限制性定语从句。句意：我想知道她拒绝这个提议的原因。题干分析可知，“I’d like to know the reason.”中的“the reason”是指上一句“她拒绝这个提议（She refused the offer）”的原因；“She refused the offer”可转化为定语从句修饰名词短语the reason；因此，这两个句子可合并为含有定语从句的主从复合句：I’d like to know the reason why she refused the offer.，why she refused the offer为定语从句修饰先行词the reason，关系副词why指代先行词在从句中作原因状语；此外，在此定语从句中关系副词why可以替换为for which，构成“介词+which”引导的限制性定语从句。故答案为：I’d like to know the reason why she refused the offer./I’d like to know the reason for which she refused the offer. 5．①There is a park nearby. ②Children gather to play in the park. (合并为含定语从句的复合句) → 【答案】There is a park nearby where children gather to play. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：附近有一个公园，孩子们聚集在那里玩耍。此处合并为where引导的定语从句修饰先行词park，故填There is a park nearby where children gather to play. 链接高考（测试时间：15分钟） 一、单句语法填空 1.（2025北京卷）However, according to a report by the World Wildlife Fund, tourists left over 1.3 billion tons of food waste last year, accounted for about 8% of the total global gas release in 2024. 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句关系代词。句意：然而，根据世界野生动物基金会的一份报告，去年游客留下了超过13亿吨的食物垃圾，约占2024年全球气体排放总量的8%。此句为非限制性定语从句，先行词是“1.3 billion tons of food waste”，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，用which引导。故填which。 2. （2024新课标I卷） The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England. 【答案】 which/that 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：Mark Woodruff补充说：“这是当代设计的最高成就，在丝绸之路的尽头，中国亚热带西南部的植物群从温带的欧洲穿过山脉、干旱的土地和高山牧场，这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英国，定义了英国园艺的丰富和荣耀。”空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词design，先行词指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词which或that引导从句。故填which/that。 3.（2024全国甲卷）Yellowstone was the largest United States national park - 2.2 million acres - until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres. 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意同上。本空所在句子为定语从句，先行词为Wrangell-Saint Elias，从句中作主语，指物，引导非限制性定语从句用which，故填which。 4.（2024浙江1月卷） Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way _________ will make them the most money. 【答案】that/which。 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：当然，商店不是慈善机构——他们以最赚钱的方式给商品定价。在定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为way，所以应用关系代词that或which。故填that/which。 5.（2023全国乙卷）But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural wonders standing side by side with historical buildings of the past. 【答案】which/that 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：但是，除了古建筑，北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方，21世纪的建筑奇迹与过去的历史建筑并存。这里为定语从句的关系代词，先行词为“a place”，在定语从句中担当主语，所以用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。 6.（2021新课标II卷）I decided that if I learned of a company ___________used a lot of plastic, I’d send it an email urging it to cut back. 【答案】which或that 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我决定，如果我知道有哪家公司大量使用塑料，我就给它发邮件，敦促它减少使用塑料。分析句子结构，_________ used a lot of plastic是一个定语从句，修饰先行词a company，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，用which或that引导该从句，所以填which或that。 7.（2021浙江1月卷）BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool ___________ gives an indication of whether someone is a healthy weight. 【答案】that/which 【解析】考查定语从句。根据句意和句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，并在定语从句中作主语，而先行词tool为物，故此处要填关系代词that或which。 8.（2020新课标卷）The 80，000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, formed the core collection of the British Museum __________ opened in 1759. 【答案】which/that 【解析】考查定语从句。句意:例如，汉斯•斯隆爵士的8万件藏品构成了1759年开馆的大英博物馆的核心藏品。此处是限定性定语从句，先行词是the British Museum，关系词在从句中做主语，应使用关系代词which/that引导。故填which/that。 9.（2020江苏卷）Many lessons are now available online, from ___________students can choose for free. 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：许多课程现在都可以在网上找到，学生们可以从中免费选择。此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词是many lessons，关系词在从句中做介词from的宾语，应使用关系代词which引导。 10.（2024新课标II卷）Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, 56 is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown. 【答案】 who 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：为了纪念被誉为“亚洲莎士比亚”的汤显祖，中国文化元素为莎士比亚的故乡——埃文河畔的斯特拉特福增添了国际化的色彩。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“Tang Xianzu”，在非限制性定语从句中担当主语，表示人，用关系代词who引导。故填who。 11.（2023全国甲卷） Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, _________Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow”. 【答案】as 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：然而，正如雷切尔·卡森在《明日寓言》中所说，寓言的形式在今天仍然具有价值。引导非限定性定语从句，且有“正如”之意，用关系代词as引导。故填as。 12.（2023全国乙卷） The color she chose came in a box which had a picture of a woman ________hair color looked just perfect. 【答案】whose 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：她选的颜色装在一个盒子里，盒子里有一张女人的照片，她的头发颜色看起来非常完美。此处是限定性定语从句，先行词是woman，关系词在从句中作hair的定语，应用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。 13.（2022浙江1月卷）Kim Cobb, a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, is one of a small but growing minority of academics ___________ are cutting back on their air travel because of climate change. 【答案】that/who 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：亚特兰大佐治亚科技研究院的教授Kim Cobb是一个少数但是不断增加的少数学者中的一员，因为气候变化，他们正在削减他们的飞机旅行。名词academics后为定语从句且在从句中作主语，应使用关系代词替代，故填that/who。 14.（2022全国甲卷）On the 1,100. Kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang， ___________ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three province. 【答案】 who 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在1100公里的旅程中，8岁时因一次车祸失明的男子曹盛康穿过了三个省的40个城市和县。分析句子结合句意可知，此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词为Cao Shengkang，指人，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导。故填who。 15.（2020全国III卷）In ancient China lived an artist, __________ paintings were almost lifelike. The artist’s reputation had made him proud. 【答案】whose 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：中国古代有一位画家，他的画几乎栩栩如生。此处为定语从句修饰先行词artist，且先行词在从句中作定语，故应用关系代词whose。故填whose。 16.（2020天津卷）Dr. Rowan, __________ secretary resigned two weeks ago, has had to do all his own typing. 【答案】 whose 【解析】考查定语从句。句意:罗文博士的秘书两周前辞职了，他现在只能自己打字。______ secretary resigned two weeks ago是非限制性定语从句，修饰Dr. Rowan，引导词在从句中作定语，表示“Dr. Rowan’s ”，表示“……的” ，应用关系代词whose引导该从句，故填whose。 17.（2025全国二卷） Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, bamboo and tea bushes (灌木) grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free-range, and central heating doesn’t exist. 【答案】where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：然而现在，我和我的中国丈夫和他的家人住在中国浙江的农村，在那里山上野生竹子和茶树丛生，鸡总是自由放养的，而且没有集中供暖。本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the countryside of Zhejiang，China，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 18.（2021天津卷） William Hastie once suggested that history informs us of past mistakes from __________we can learn without repeating them. 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：威廉•哈斯蒂曾经说过，历史会告诉我们过去的错误，我们可以从中学习避免重复犯错。分析句子可知，past mistakes为现行词，_________ we can learn without repeating them.为定语从句，从句中谓语动词can learn可知，要从过去的错误中学习，learn from“从……中学习”，可知应用from which引导定语从句。 19.（2023全国甲卷）“There was once a town in the heart of America, _________ all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with is surroundings,” her fable begins, borrowing some familiar words from many age-old fables. 【答案】 where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：“从前，在美国的中心地带有一个小镇，那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一起享受着和平的生活，”她的寓言是这样开头的，借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中先行词为town，在非限定性定语从句作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。故填where。 20.（2021天津卷）At the Chinese art festival, there are different stands _________ artists demonstrate their skills and teach the visitors. 【答案】where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在中国艺术节上有不同的展台，在那里艺术家可以展示他们的技巧并教给参观者。分析句子成分可知，stands 作先行词，空格后的句子为定语从句来修饰stands ，从句中不缺主宾表，故选关系副词，先行词stands 在从句中作地点状语，所以应用where。 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $