2026届高考英语主题测试题30 地球奥秘探索

备战2026高考主题测试题—地球奥秘探索 一、阅读理解 A The Most Extreme Travel Adventures in the World The driest place on Earth:Atacama Desert,Chile You'll definitely need the right kind of sunscreen if you plan on traveling through this desert.From October 1903 to January 1918,Arica did not see so much as one drop of rain,making it the longest rainless period in the world's recorded history.Less populated,the Atacama Desert has several hotels to choose from that cater to tourists who come to explore the land. The hottest place on Earth:Lut Desert,Iran Here,temperatures soar to as high as 158 degrees Fahrenheit,so it's important to have a game plan for staying cool and know the signs of heatstroke in case you develop symptoms.According to a local legend,the name Dasht-e Lut means "toasted wheat"in Persian,referencing a story about a load of wheat that burst into flames after being accidentally left out in the desert for a few days.Though tourists visit this desert land,it's a destination only for those willing to take up the challenge of surviving the heat and the unbearably dry climate. The closest place to outer space:Mount Chimb orazo,Ecuador An inactive volcano that last erupted in approximately 550 AD,Mount Chimborazo stands at over 20,000 feet high.While Mount Qomolangma is over 29,000 feet tall,due to the position of the mountain on the earth's surface,the peak of Mount Chimborazo is the furthest spot from the center of the earth.That also means that standing on Mount Chimborazo will put you closest to outer space,which humans can't get to on foot. The most isolated place on Earth:Tristan da Cunha,the United Kingdom Are you looking for a getaway from your daily life?Forget these popular island getaways and get to this island.Discovered by the Portuguese explorer Tristao da Cunha in 1506,the island is home to fewer than 300 inhabitants and has no airport;Tristan da Cunha is accessible only by sea. 1.Which of the following is a must during your visit to the Atacama Desert? A.Booking a suitable hotel. B.Having a basic knowledge of Martian soil. C.Having a game plan for staying cool. D.Buying a suitable sunscreen. 2.Which place best suits people who have a high tolerance to high temperature? A.The Atacama Desert. B.The Lut Desert. C.Mount Chimborazo.D.Tristan da Cunha. 3.How can one get to Tristan da Cunha? A.By plane. B.By boat C.By train D.By car B In 1880,fourteen-year-old Matthew Henson was fascinated by the tales of sailors'exciting lives at sea.One day he set out on the forty-mile journey to the nearest large port to seek work on a sailing ship. In Baltimore,Henson found a job as a cabin boy on a beautiful ship called the Katie Hinds.For the next five years,Henson sailed around the world.By the time he left the Katie Hinds in 1885,Henson was well-educated,thus becoming an excellent seaman. Unable to find work anywhere else,Henson took a job in a hat shop in Washington,D.C.One day in 1887,a man came in to buy a hat.The man,Robert Peary,asked the owner if he knew anyone with experience at sea.Peary would soon travel to South America for the U.S.govemment.He needed experienced men to accompany him. The shop owner knew about his young employee's skills and experience on ocean voyages,so he introduced Peary to Henson.Henson and Peary soon found they had a great deal in common,including their love of the sea Using his map-reading and sailing skills,Henson proved himself to be a worthy and intelligent seaman.One day Peary told Henson about his real dream:to be the first man to stand on "the top of the world"at the Noith Pole.He asked Henson to help him make his dream come true. Over the next five years,the two explorers made two trips together to the Arctic.However,they were not able to reach the pole each time In 1908,Peary and Henson were ready to make their final attempt at reaching the North Pole.Both men were over foity years old.The years of hardship and suffering in extreme cold had taken their toll on both men.This would be their last chance. In April 1909,Henson's instruments showed they were standing at the North Pole.Together Henson and Peary planted an American flag in the snow.They were greatly honored for their achievement.Today,the two friends and fellow explorers lie in heroes'graves not far apart at Arlington National Cemetery. 1.What can we know about Henson from Paragraph 1? A.He was highly educated.B.He was skilled in sailing C.He used to travel at sea. D.He was interested in sea exploring 2.What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A.Why Matthew Henson went to the hat shop. B.How Matthew Henson met Robert Peary. C.Why Matthew Henson stopped working on the Katie Hinds. D.How the shop owner knew that Matthew Henson had sea experience 3.What does the underlined part mean in Paragraph 7? A.Helped them. B.Satisfied them. C.Weakened them.D.Enlightened them. 4.What could the story between Henson and Peary be compared to? A.Sailors seeking power over others. B.Fighters exploring an unknown land. C.Treasure hunters looking for fortunes. D.Soldiers fighting for their freedom. 二、七选五 The Science of Risk-Seeking Sometimes we decide that a little unnecessary danger is worth it because when we weigh the risk and the reward,the risk seems worth taking.1 Some of us enjoy activities that would astonish and scare the rest of us.Why?Experts say it may have to do with how our brains work. The reason why we take risks might relate to early humans.Risk-takers were better at hunting,fighting,or exploring.2As the quality of risk-taking was passed from one generation to the next,humans ended up with a sense of adventure and tolerance for risk. So why aren't we all jumping out of airplanes then?Well,even 200,000 years ago,too much risk-taking could get one killed.A few daring survived,though,along with a few stay-in-the-cave types.As a result,humans developed a range of character types that still exists today.So maybe you love car racing,or maybe you hate it.3 No matter where you are on the risk-seeking range,scientists say that your willingness to take risks increases during your teenage years.4To help you do that,your brain increases your hunger for new experiences.New experiences often mean taking some risks,so your brain raises your tolerance for risk as well. 5 For the risk-seekers,a part of the brain related to pleasure becomes active,while for the rest of us,a part of the brain related to fear becomes active. As experts continue to study the science of risk-seeking,we'll continue to hit the mountains,the waves or the shallow end of the pool. A.It all depends on your character. B.Those are the risks you should jump to take C.Being better at those things meant a greater chance of survival. D.Thus,these well-equipped people survived because they were the fittest E.This is when you start to move away from your family and into the bigger world. F.However,we are not all using the same reference standard to weigh risks and rewards. G.New brain research suggests our brains work differently when we face a nervous situation. How is dining in space different from eating on Earth? Spacesuits?Check!Oxygen?Check!Water?Check!Are we forgetting something?Food!If you send astronauts into space,you have to send along food as well.But what do astronauts eat,and how do they eat it?1 First,nutrition()is possibly most important.Maintaining the astronauts'physical health is a top task for any space mission.Providing junk foods to eat,such as potato chips,sodas,and pizza,would make the astronauts feel unhealthy. 2 If the food that has been provided is distasteful,then the astronauts may avoid eating it.If you've ever tried to concentrate on something important when your stomach doesn't feel well,you'll know why the scientists in charge of a space mission want their astronauts to eat regularly. The lack of gravity in a spacecraft also determines what foods can or cannot be eaten in space.Meals must be packaged carefully so they won't spill into the cabin().Liquids or tiny bits of food could get inside a machine or electronic device and damage it.3 A loose knife bouncing()around inside the cabin would be dangerous. 4 The weight of every object included in a spacecraft must be calculated in order to ensure that there is enough fuel and power to cany the craft safely into space and home again.5 Most foods are stored in plastic bags,and often,the foods are dehydrated(脱水).When an astronaut is ready to eat,hot water is added to rehydrate(使再水化)the meal and warm it up. Despite all these requirements,much of the food eaten in space is actually similar to what you might eat on any given day A.Variety and taste are also important. B.Finally,weight is an important concern. C.Food packaging is made to be as light as possible. D.Nutrition and practicality are important things to consider E.Believe it or not,they also have fresh fruits and vegetables. F.For the same reason,sharp utensils(I)are never used aboard. G.Scientists take several factors into consideration as they plan meals for space 三、完型填空 I was suddenly awakened at about 4 a.m.by an odd experience which I did not understand at first.I was 1 for a few seconds,as though I were in a cradle().I heard 2 sounds in which I could identify the tinkling()of pots,the rattling of windows, and a certain deep rumbling(轰隆轰隆的)noise 3 from the earth.After a few moments it occurred to me,to my 4,that it was an earthquake. Others in my house and neighbors must have5 it at the same time or a little earlier too,because we all jumped up from our beds in a second and 6 out of our houses.The quake of the earth had stopped,yet we stood in the open for an hour,extremely 7 about another quake.There was a nip()in the air that early morning,and the electric lights had8People stood in darkness,talking about the earth quake and praying()to God that it might not be9 The quakes of the earth caused no damage in Mumbai.For several hours next morning we thought,with 10 to Nature,that the disaster had been 11 on the whole.But at about noon,bad news came that all the houses in parts of Latur had been 12 to the ground and hundreds of humans 13 lives. The destruction caused by the earthquake at Latur proved the 14 of man in the face of an unexpected natural disaster.Humanity still has much to achieve in dealing with Nature.Isn't it a(n)15 that humanity is wasting the natural resources? A.attacked B.comforted C.rocked D.sheltered 2. A.pleasant B.strange C.fascinating D.fluent 3. A.coming B.flashing C.reflecting D.tracking 4. A.annoyance B.joy C.relief D.horror 5. A.warned B.recognized C.impacted D.prevented 6. A.jumped B.walked C.rushed D.struggled 7. A.anxious B.excited C.curious D.hopeful 8. A.blown up B.come out C.died down D.gone off 9. A.expected B.forgiven C.repeated D.stopped 10.A.admiration B.gratitude C.regret D.satisfaction 11.A.generous B.impressive C.harmless D.tough 12.A.burned B.frozen C.thrown D.ruined 13.A.lost B.cured C.discovered D.rescued 14.A.power B.creativity C.helplessness D.limit 15.A.fact B.pity C.honor D.wonder 备战2026高考主题测试题——地球奥秘探索 一、阅读理解 A The Most Extreme Travel Adventures in the World The driest place on Earth:Atacama Desert,Chile You'll definitely need the right kind of sunscreen if you plan on traveling through this desert.From October 1903 to January 1918,Arica did not see so much as one drop of rain,making it the longest rainless period in the world's recorded history.Less populated,the Atacama Desert has several hotels to choose from that cater to tourists who come to explore the land. The hottest place on Earth:Lut Desert,Iran Here,temperatures soar to as high as 158 degrees Fahrenheit,so it's important to have a game plan for staying cool and know the signs of heatstroke in case you develop symptoms.According to a local legend,the name Dasht-e Lut means“toasted wheat”in Persian,referencing a story about a load of wheat that burst into flames after being accidentally left out in the desert for a few days.Though tourists visit this desert land,it's a destination only for those willing to take up the challenge of surviving the heat and the unbearably dry climate. The closest place to outer space:Mount Chimborazo,Ecuador An inactive volcano that last erupted in approximately 550 AD,Mount Chimborazo stands at over 20,000 feet high.While Mount Qomolangma is over 29,000 feet tall,due to the position of the mountain on the earth's surface,the peak of Mount Chimborazo is the furthest spot from the center of the earth.That also means that standing on Mount Chimborazo will put you closest to outer space,which humans can't get to on foot. The most isolated place on Earth:Tristan da Cunha,the United Kingdom Are you looking for a getaway from your daily life?Forget these popular island getaways and get to this island.Discovered by the Portuguese explorer Tristao da Cunha in 1506,the island is home to fewer than 300 inhabitants and has no airport;Tristan da Cunha is accessible only by sea. 1.Which of the following is a must during your visit to the Atacama Desert? A.Booking a suitable hotel. B.Having a basic knowledge of Martian soil. C.Having a game plan for staying cool. D.Buying a suitable sunscreen. 2.Which place best suits people who have a high tolerance to high temperature? A.The Atacama Desert. B.The Lut Desert. C.Mount Chimborazo. D.Tristan da Cunha. 3.How can one get to Tristan da Cunha? A.By plane. B.By boat. C.By train. D.By car. B In 1880,fourteen-year-old Matthew Henson was fascinated by the tales of sailors' exciting lives at sea.One day he set out on the forty-mile journey to the nearest large port to seek work on a sailing ship. In Baltimore,Henson found a job as a cabin boy on a beautiful ship called the Katie Hinds.For the next five years,Henson sailed around the world.By the time he left the Katie Hinds in 1885,Henson was well-educated,thus becoming an excellent seaman. Unable to find work anywhere else,Henson took a job in a hat shop in Washington,D.C.One day in 1887,a man came in to buy a hat.The man,Robert Peary,asked the owner if he knew anyone with experience at sea.Peary would soon travel to South America for the U.S.government.He needed experienced men to accompany him. The shop owner knew about his young employee's skills and experience on ocean voyages,so he introduced Peary to Henson.Henson and Peary soon found they had a great deal in common,including their love of the sea. Using his map-reading and sailing skills,Henson proved himself to be a worthy and intelligent seaman.One day Peary told Henson about his real dream:to be the first man to stand on“the top of the world”at the North Pole.He asked Henson to help him make his dream come true. Over the next five years,the two explorers made two trips together to the Arctic.However,they were not able to reach the pole each time. In 1908,Peary and Henson were ready to make their final attempt at reaching the North Pole.Both men were over forty years old.The years of hardship and suffering in extreme cold had taken their toll on both men.This would be their last chance. In April 1909,Henson's instruments showed they were standing at the North Pole.Together Henson and Peary planted an American flag in the snow.They were greatly honored for their achievement.Today,the two friends and fellow explorers lie in heroes'graves not far apart at Arlington National Cemetery. 1.What can we know about Henson from Paragraph 1? A.He was highly educated. B.He was skilled in sailing. C.He used to travel at sea. D.He was interested in sea exploring. 2.What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A.Why Matthew Henson went to the hat shop. B.How Matthew Henson met Robert Peary. C.Why Matthew Henson stopped working on the Katie Hinds. D.How the shop owner knew that Matthew Henson had sea experience. 3.What does the underlined part mean in Paragraph 7? A.Helped them. B.Satisfied them. C.Weakened them. D.Enlightened them. 4.What could the story between Henson and Peary be compared to? A.Sailors seeking power over others. B.Fighters exploring an unknown land. C.Treasure hunters looking for fortunes. D.Soldiers fighting for their freedom. 二、七选五 A The Science of Risk-Seeking Sometimes we decide that a little unnecessary danger is worth it because when we weigh the risk and the reward,the risk seems worth taking. 1 Some of us enjoy activities that would astonish and scare the rest of us.Why?Experts say it may have to do with how our brains work. The reason why we take risks might relate to early humans.Risk-takers were better at hunting,fighting,or exploring. 2 As the quality of risk-taking was passed from one generation to the next,humans ended up with a sense of adventure and tolerance for risk. we see the world,even if we speak the same language. One of the best ways to understand others'cultures is to first examine your own.Do you take your shoes off when you go inside?2 In Japan,you would never go inside without swapping your outdoor shoes for slippers,whereas in the US,many people don't bother taking their shoes off when they come in.Therefore,it's so important to understand your place in the world,which will help you better understand other people too. 3 When you meet people from a different culture,you can politely ask them about their lives.Seek out some books or watch some movies by and about people who're different from you.Additionally,you can immerse(沉浸在)yourself in a different culture through travel to understand how different other lifestyles can be. However,sometimes,learning a lot about a different culture can lead you into a trap.You may think you know much about a culture,which may lead you to show off your knowledge when you meet someone from that background.But it's a problem to assume that everyone from one particular culture has the same attitudes and experiences.Your assumptions that lead you to prejudge others can be harmful.4 Differences between us are what make life so interesting.So accept the differences between yourself and your friends from different cultures.5 In detail,ask questions if your friends are open to it,but also learn how to just silently observe and appreciate the differences that make us unique. A.It is a simple thing,but it's a huge marker of culture. B.Learning is another great way to understand different cultures. C.Behavior,customs,beliefs,and values are also part of your culture. D.To achieve it,do strike a balance between curiosity and appreciation. E.So don't do it to others even if you understand their culture really well. F.The more you learn,the more you get used to respecting cultural differences. G.Wherever you live,there are probably immigrant communities with their own customs. Make a plan Always make a plan.That way you'll avoid worrying too much over where you're staying,what to see and how you're getting from A to B. Book hotels ahead of time When you're travelling alone for the first time,booking hotels ahead of time is extremely necessary.3.Besides,when you book your hotel,ask if they will send a driver to pick you up. 4 If you're going to a touristy place like Thailand,there are lots of other people who are travelling alone.Most likely,they'll be easy to talk to and they'll want to communicate.They might also ask you to join them for dinner or a beer.That happens a lot. Let someone know where you are Your family and friends love you and probably worry about you every day.What if you are travelling alone for a long time without keeping in contact with them?5.That will make you and them feel safer.And in case something does happen,they'll know where you are. A.Talk to people B.Ask people for help C.Here are some good tips D.It could be somewhere close to home E.The first thing you need to do is believe in yourself F.Scheduled accommodations can make you less nervous G.So text them and let them know what you're up to throughout your trip mental health.People who forgive show less sadness,anger and stress and more hopefulness,according to recent research. 1 Try the following steps: Calm yourself.2 You can take a couple of breaths and think of something that gives you pleasure:a beautiful scene in nature,or someone you love. Don't wait for an apology.Many times the person who hurts you does not intend to apologize.He may not have wanted to hurt you or just doesn't see things the same way.3 Keep in mind that forgiveness does not necessarily mean becoming friends again with the person who upsets you. Take the control away from your offender(冒犯者).Rethinking about your hurt gives power to the person who causes your pain.Instead of focusing on your wounded feelings,learn to look for the love,beauty and kindness around you. 4 If you understand your offender,you may realize that he or she is acting out of unawareness,fear,and even love.You may want to write a letter to yourself from your offender's point of view. Don't forget to forgive yourself.5 But it can rob you of your self-confidence if you don't do it. A.Why should you forgive? B.How should you start to forgive? C.Recognize the benefits of forgiveness. D.Try to see things from your offender's angle. E.For some people,forgiving themselves is the biggest challenge. F.To make your anger die away,try a simple stress-management technique. G.If you wait for other people to apologize,you could be waiting an awfully long time. surface found on other moons,which suggests the presence of underground water.These can include a broken surface as well as spring activity. The amount of water thought to exist below the surface of Mimas would represent just 1.2 to 1.4 percent of Earth's oceans.That is because the moon is very small. However,Mimas does have a very large crater caused by a crash with a space object.The edges ofit are raised very high.For this reason,the appearance of the moon has been compared to the fictional“Death Star”space station in the popular movie series Star Wars. Researchers say the underground ocean appears to have formed recently in space terms,possibly between 5 and 15 million years ago.The ocean would likely have an overall temperature of around zero degrees Celsius.But the temperature at the seafloor might be much higher. The water is in contact with the moon's rocky center,which may create the right complex(复杂的)chemical conditions to support life.But researchers note that because the ocean is believed to be young,it might be a challenge for life's development. However,nobody knows how long life needs to appear from a suitable environment.The ocean on Mimas may offer a unique opportunity to explore the first stage of life's development. Scientists have said that in the past another moon of Saturn,Enceladus(土卫二),might possess the warmth,water and chemical materials necessary to support life. 1.What indicates there is water on Mimas? A.Its small size.B.Its turning speed. C.Its unusual surface.D.Its position in space. Most days after that,lunchtime at school felt like a battle.If I wasn't trying to hide my lunch or bite secretly when no one was looking,I'd insist on bringing in the same peanut butter and jelly sandwich as the other kids.My mom,who didn't grow up eating American food like chips,tried her best,but the sandwiches never looked or tasted as good as the food I enjoyed at home. I didn't know that I wasn't alone.Many kids with immigrant parents encounter(遭遇)what's known as“the lunchbox moment”at school:the experience of being judged for bringing in food considered culturally diverse and so being made to feel like an outsider. For this article,I talked with kids who could relate.But they also surprised me:They dealt with“the lunchbox moment”differently than I did.For example,Satya Singh,6,who takes her mom's Indian cooking to lunch most days,told me that one day a classmate said that her aloo,or potatoes,looked like poop.Another time,someone said that the dal,or lentils,looked like puke.The next day,Satya brought enough dal to share with her entire class—and they loved it.“From then on”,she says,“my teacher at school made a rule:Don't yuck someone's yum.” Looking back,I wish I'd had the wisdom of Satya and offered my friend a bite of my lunch,or just told her it was delicious—especially because now,as an adult,I see that Indian food is universally accepted and loved by my friends.Some even try to cook Indian lentils or chickpeas at home!And when I'm hungry,guess what?I miss my mom's bhindi roti and her care in making it for me.Food is an expression of culture,tradition,family and love.And that's something to celebrate,not hide. 1.Why did the writer go hungry one day in elementary school? A.She didn't like her smelly lunch.B.Her classmates ate up her bhindi roti. C.Her mom didn't prepare lunch for her.D.She skipped her lunch to escape embarrassment. 3 For most people,going off to senior high school means heading off to a new campus.If you worry about the unknown,reach the school and see if someone can help.They might be able to show you around the campus,which will make you a bit more comfortable as you go on with your freshman year. Get organised. Senior high school and junior high school are very different in studying.4 You can buy a planner and spend a few minutes each night revising the notes you took in class that day.Getting on top of your study will make it much easier to get used to senior high school. Create a three-year plan. While there’s no need to plan every day for the next three years,it can’t hurt to make a note of classes you want to take or activities you’d like to try.5 Having a plan in place will help you make the most of your senior high school experience. A.Explore the campus. B.Be open to new experiences. C.If you’re nervous or frightened,start small. D.Believe it or not,the three years goes by really fast. E.Challenges like these might sometimes put you under great pressure. F.Try to get as organised as possible so you can get on top of your study. G.Here are some ways to help you deal with bad feelings and prepare for the first year. Valencia has old buildings from past centuries,as well as modern buildings,which adds to its unique style.A great way to get to know Valencia is by joining a walking tour.It will introduce you to the city’s history and culture.Once you’ve explored the main attractions in the city center,don’t miss the chance to visit the City of Arts and Sciences,located at the former river location.Even if you can’t attend any science exhibitions,you can still enjoy the oceanarium,concerts or watch a film.The buildings in this area are also extremely beautiful!One of the advantages of Valencia is its location on the Mediterranean coast.This means you can relax and enjoy the beach during your stay in the city. If you’re wondering where to stay in Valencia,here are some suggestions:For luxurious hotels,search central areas in the city.For budget-friendly options,explore hotels that are not in the center of the city.Remember to research and compare different neighborhoods and hotels to find the fittest one for your preference and budget. At last,don’t forget to try Valencia’s traditional food,which is also popular with visitors.You can try paella,a traditional rice dish that originated from the city.There are also many other local specialties for you to explore.Exploring the local food scene is a must when you are visiting Valencia! 1.What makes Valencia unique? A.Its large size.B.Its culture. C.Its old and modern buildings.D.Its modern architecture. 2.Where is Valencia located? A.On an island.B.On the Mediterranean coast. C.In the mountains.D.Near a river. 3.Which type of hotel is recommended for a luxurious stay in Valencia? A.Hotels near the beach.B.Hotels in the east of the city. C.Hotels near the river.D.Hotels in the center of the city. 4.In which section of a newspaper can we read the text? A.Tourism.B.Geography.C.Lifestyle.D.Science. calendar.It refers to the time when frost(霜)starts to fall across China,or dew(露水)starts to congeal(凝结)into frost because of the coldness. By the time of Shuangjiang,most of the harvesting work has already been completed in northern China,and farmers are now able to enjoy a period of rest.But in the south the harvest is still on the go.Farmers have to take home the sweet potatoes before they are destroyed by the coming frost.After a year of farming,it is time to plough the fields and prepare the soil for next year both in the south and north. Autumn might be the most colorful season in China with the leaves turning from golden yellow to red.Hiking has become popular since the ancient times as people can enjoy the special autumnal scenery.Du Mu,a well-known poet in the Tang Dynasty wrote the beautiful scenery in a poem:“I stopped the coach as charmed by the maple woods,Frosted autumn leaves outshine February flowers in redness.” The Double Ninth Festival also falls during the season,a festival for the elders.Going hiking in the highlands is part of the celebrations practiced by the ancient Chinese people. “Keeping warm”becomes a most important thing at this time of the year as the weather is getting colder.The persimmon(柿子)is the favored fruit in many areas.The Chinese believe that persimmons can not only keep off the coldness,but strengthen the muscles and bones.Also,chicken or mutton soup is believed to be good for sleep and thus advised. Shuangjiang brings the frost and freezing wind,and autumn has come to an end.But for most Chinese,it is not necessarily a sad time because in winter,they are able to have different but equally beautiful scenery. 1.What does the underlined phrase“on the go”in paragraph 2 probably mean? A.Mild.B.Active.C.Admirable.D.Widespread. 2.What is the main idea of paragraph 5? A.Explain why Shuangjiang gets its name. B.Offer some activities to enjoy the colorful season. C.Introduce the ways to stay warm before the coming of winter. D.Tell the differences of the harvest in the south and north of China. 3.Which of the following statements about Shuangjiang is TRUE according to the text? A.People believe eating persimmons during Shuangjiang can help get rid of the coldness. B.Shuangjiang is the best time for people hoping to lose weight to take exercise. C.Shuangjiang is the end of summer and the beginning of autumn of a year. D.Farmers in the south of China can take a rest during Shuangjiang. 4.Which is the best title of this passage? A.Enjoy the Beautiful Autumn B.Prepare for a Good Harvest C.What Causes Frost's Descent D.Time to Say Goodbye to Autumn So why aren't we all jumping out of airplanes then?Well,even 200,000 years ago,too much risk-taking could get one killed.A few daring survived,though,along with a few stay-in-the-cave types.As a result,humans developed a range of character types that still exists today.So maybe you love car racing,or maybe you hate it. 3 No matter where you are on the risk-seeking range,scientists say that your willingness to take risks increases during your teenage years. 4 To help you do that,your brain increases your hunger for new experiences.New experiences often mean taking some risks,so your brain raises your tolerance for risk as well. 5 For the risk-seekers,a part of the brain related to pleasure becomes active,while for the rest of us,a part of the brain related to fear becomes active. As experts continue to study the science of risk-seeking,we'll continue to hit the mountains,the waves or the shallow end of the pool. A.It all depends on your character. B.Those are the risks you should jump to take. C.Being better at those things meant a greater chance of survival. D.Thus,these well-equipped people survived because they were the fittest. E.This is when you start to move away from your family and into the bigger world. F.However,we are not all using the same reference standard to weigh risks and rewards. G.New brain research suggests our brains work differently when we face a nervous situation. B How is dining in space different from eating on Earth? Spacesuits?Check!Oxygen?Check!Water?Check!Are we forgetting something?Food!If you send astronauts into space,you have to send along food as well.But what do astronauts eat,and how do they eat it? 1 First,nutrition(营养)is possibly most important.Maintaining the astronauts' physical health is a top task for any space mission.Providing junk foods to eat,such as potato chips,sodas,and pizza,would make the astronauts feel unhealthy. 2 If the food that has been provided is distasteful,then the astronauts may avoid eating it.If you've ever tried to concentrate on something important when your stomach doesn't feel well,you'll know why the scientists in charge of a space mission want their astronauts to eat regularly. The lack of gravity in a spacecraft also determines what foods can or cannot be eaten in space.Meals must be packaged carefully so they won't spill into the cabin(座舱).Liquids or tiny bits of food could get inside a machine or electronic device and damage it.3 A loose knife bouncing(弹起)around inside the cabin would be dangerous. 4 The weight of every object included in a spacecraft must be calculated in order to ensure that there is enough fuel and power to carry the craft safely into space and home again. 5 Most foods are stored in plastic bags,and often,the foods are dehydrated(脱水).When an astronaut is ready to eat,hot water is added to rehydrate(使再水化)the meal and warm it up. Despite all these requirements,much of the food eaten in space is actually similar to what you might eat on any given day. A.Variety and taste are also important. B.Finally,weight is an important concern. C.Food packaging is made to be as light as possible. D.Nutrition and practicality are important things to consider. E.Believe it or not,they also have fresh fruits and vegetables. F.For the same reason,sharp utensils(器皿)are never used aboard. G.Scientists take several factors into consideration as they plan meals for space. 三、完型填空 I was suddenly awakened at about 4 a.m.by an odd experience which I did not understand at first.I was 1 for a few seconds,as though I were in a cradle(摇篮).I heard 2 sounds in which I could identify the tinkling(叮当声)of pots,the rattling of windows, and a certain deep rumbling(轰隆轰隆的)noise 3 from the earth.After a few moments it occurred to me,to my 4 ,that it was an earthquake. Others in my house and neighbors must have 5 it at the same time or a little earlier too,because we all jumped up from our beds in a second and 6 out of our houses.The quake of the earth had stopped,yet we stood in the open for an hour,extremely 7 about another quake.There was a nip(寒冷)in the air that early morning,and the electric lights had 8 .People stood in darkness,talking about the earthquake and praying(祈祷)to God that it might not be 9 . The quakes of the earth caused no damage in Mumbai.For several hours next morning we thought,with 10 to Nature,that the disaster had been 11 on the whole.But at about noon,bad news came that all the houses in parts of Latur had been 12 to the ground and hundreds of humans 13 lives. The destruction caused by the earthquake at Latur proved the 14 of man in the face of an unexpected natural disaster.Humanity still has much to achieve in dealing with Nature.Isn't it a(n) 15 that humanity is wasting the natural resources? 1. A.attacked B.comforted C.rocked D.sheltered 2. A.pleasant B.strange C.fascinating D.fluent 3. A.coming B.flashing C.reflecting D.tracking 4. A.annoyance B.joy C.relief D.horror 5. A.warned B.recognized C.impacted D.prevented 6. A.jumped B.walked C.rushed D.struggled 7. A.anxious B.excited C.curious D.hopeful 8. A.blown up B.come out C.died down D.gone off 9. A.expected B.forgiven C.repeated D.stopped 10. A.admiration B.gratitude C.regret D.satisfaction 11. A.generous B.impressive C.harmless D.tough 12. A.burned B.frozen C.thrown D.ruined 13. A.lost B.cured C.discovered D.rescued 14. A.power B.creativity C.helplessness D.limit 15. A.fact B.pity C.honor D.wonder 6.A.approached B.commented C.criticised D.judged 7.A.Unless B.Once C.While D.Despite 8.A.success B.honor C.delight D.relief 9.A.help out B.pick out C.reach out D.put out 10.A.rely on B.insist on C.turn on D.move on 11.A.colleagues B.members C.staff D.volunteers 12.A.Surprisingly B.Immediately C.Fortunately D.Currently 13.A.assistance B.donation C.insurance D.forgiveness 14.A.make an effort B.make a decision C.make a difference D.make a deal 15.A.Repeatedly B.Regrettably C.Admittedly D.Reportedly 7.A.laugh at B.run after C.rely on D.refer to 8.A.works B.wonders C.choices D.examples 9.A.help B.admit C.regret D.allow 10.A.naturally B.purposely C.hardly D.greatly 11.A.Finding B.Feeling C.Hearing D.Noticing 12.A.request B.explain C.complain D.determine 13.A.problem B.expression C.goal D.recognition 14.A.sense B.symbol C.mess D.fool 15.A.satisfied B.annoyed C.anxious D.careful or two of these activities.They’re a simple way to fight frustration and boredom while improving attention.3. Research shows that shorter breaks are more effective for many kids,with younger kids maxing out(达到最高限度)after about 10 minutes and older kids up to a half hour or more.4.So choose the brain break timing according to your child’s specific needs,attention span,and learning style.And create a reliable schedule with timed activities that won’t take up too much time meant for study. 5.Make it clear to your kid how long the brain breaks and schoolwork will last.This system gives your child structure(周密安排)and can make study and doing activities more fun and exciting. A.Tell your child in advance B.These breaks can be very simple C.But the right balance will differ among kids D.Plus they can help meet your child’s daily need for physical activities E.For some kids,it’s easy to become addicted and try to avoid returning to their tasks F.School-based brain break programs often use videos to set the scene for students G.Besides the physical advantages,brain breaks are good for kids’mental health From my point of view,if you are visiting a foreign country and trying to learn the language,you’ll want to seize every chance to go out and practice.4 Successfully making a purchase(购买)or getting information in a foreign language will help you become more confident.Going grocery shopping in your hometown may not be very interesting,but in a foreign country things are different.5 A.They actually became less fluent speakers. B.Later it’ll become easier to follow the dialogues. C.Any situation can be an interesting learning experience. D.Are you trying to learn a new language in a foreign land? E.Here are some suggestions to help you practice your language skills. F.Each day make it a habit to go to a place like a shop,restaurant or bank. G.Talking to someone with whom you feel comfortable is a great way to get experience with actual usage. 5.A.pushed B.felt C.lost D.followed 6.A.Shaking B.Laughing C.Running D.Clapping 7.A.proved B.revised C.noticed D.changed 8.A.respect B.patience C.trust D.joy 9.A.feeling B.fantasy C.solution D.response 10.A.cures B.reminds C.clears D.warns 11.A.hesitated B.happened C.promised D.refused 12.A.regular B.normal C.important D.extreme 13.A.Communication B.Technology C.Friendship D.Inspiration 14.A.energy B.talent C.future D.time 15.A.expects B.invites C.requires D.helps B.Over 120 wildlife species are facing extinction. C.Only experts know how to address the problem. D.The report listed several causes of the situation. E.There just needs to be a greater will to take action. F.It draws on(利用)the work of 450 scientists from dozens of countries. G.Between 1980 and 2000,one million square kilometers of tropical forests were lost. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $备战2026高考主题测试题—地球奥秘探索参考答案 一、阅读理解 A 回语篇解读本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个世界上最极端的旅行目的地：地球上最千燥的地方、最热的地方、 最接近外太空的地方和最偏僻的地方。 l.D细节理解题。根据“The driest place on Earth:Atacama Desert,Chile”部分的“You'll definitely need the right kind of sunscreen if you plan on traveling through this desert.”可知，在你去阿塔卡马沙漠的时候，防晒霜是必需品。故选 D。 2.B细节理解题。根据“The hottest place on Earth:Lut Desert,.ran”部分的“Here,temperatures soar to as high as 158 degrees Fahrenheit""it's a destination only for those willing to take up the challenge of surviving the heat and the unbearably dry climate”可知，伊朗的卢特沙漠非常热，因此这里适合可以忍耐高温的人。故选B。 3.B细节理解题。根据“The most isolated place on Earth:Tristan da Cunha,the United Kingdom”部分的“the island is home to fewer than300 inhabitants and has no airport,:Tristan da Cunha is accessible only by sea”可知岛上没有机场，只 能通过海路到达，由此可知要去这里需要乘船。故选B。 回语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位名叫马修·亨森的人在年轻时追求航海生涯，在一艘船上工作 了五年，积累了丰富的航海经验。后来，他遇到了罗伯特·皮里，并与他一起前往北极探险。经过多年的努力，他们 在1909年成功到达了北极，成为英雄。 l.D细节理解题。根据第一段中“Inl880,fourteen-year-old Matthew Henson was fascinated by the tales of sailors'exciting lives at sea.”可知，马修·亨森对海上探险非常感兴趣。故选D。 2.B主旨大意题。根据第三段中“One day in 1:887,a man came in to buy a hat..He needed experienced men to accompany him.(1887年的一天，一个男人进来买帽子。这名男子是罗伯特·皮里，他问店主是否认识有海上经验的人。皮里不 久将代表美国政府前往南美洲。他需要有经验的人陪伴他。)”可知，本段主要讲述了马修·亨森和罗伯特·皮里是 如何遇到的。故选B。 3.C词义猜测题。根据画线部分前“nl908,Peary and Henson were ready to make their final attempt at reaching the North Pole.Both men were over forty year'sold.”以及“The years ofhardship and suffering”可知，两人为了到达北极经历 了许多艰苦的岁月，两人都已经年过四十了。由此推知，多年的艰苦困境不断地消磨着他们，削弱着他们。故画 线部分与C项“削弱了他们”为同义表达。故选C。 4.B推理判断题。根据最后一段中“n April 1909,Henson's instruments showed they were standing at the North Pole.Together Henson and Peary planted an American flag in the snow.”可知，二人经过努力，最终成功到达了北极。这个 旅途非常艰难，两个人都吃了不少的苦头。由此推知，整个过程就像战士们在探索未知的土地。故选B。 二、七选五 A 回语篇解读这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人们喜欢冒险的来源和科学依据。人们喜欢冒险，因为风险也意味着回 报，生活中人们喜欢做一些让别人惊讶和害怕的事，这和人的大脑有关。 l.F根据上文“Sometimes we decide...the risk seems worth taking..”可知，有时，我们认为一点不必要的危险是值得的， 因为当我们权衡风险和回报时，风险似乎是值得承担的。F项（然而，我们并不是完全使用相同的参考标准来衡量风 险和回报。)承接上文，形成转折关系。F项中的“weigh risks and rewards”和上文中“weigh the risk and the reward” 呼应。 2.C根据上文“Risk-takers were better at hunting,fighting,or exploring.”可知，冒险者更擅长打猎、打架或探险。C项（在 那些方面做得更好意味着生存的机会更大。)承接上文。C项中的“Being better at those things”和上文中的 “were better at hunting,.fighting,or exploring”呼应。 3.A根据上文“As a result..or maybe you hate it.”可知，人类形成了一系列至今仍然存在的性格类型，所以，也许 你喜欢赛车，也许你讨厌赛车。A项（这都依据你的性格。）承接上文。A项中的“character”和上文中的“a range of character types”呼应。 4.E根据上文“scientists say that your willingness to take risks increases during your teenage years((科学家说，在你十几 岁的时候，你冒险的意愿会增加)”和下文“To help you do that,your brain increases your hunger for new experiences.(为了帮你做那件事，你的大脑会增加你对新的体验的渴望。)”可知，E项（这是当你开始离开你的家 庭，走进更大的世界的时候。)承接上下文，符合语境。 5.G根据下文“For the risk-seekers..…becomes active.(对于寻求冒险的人来说，大脑中与快乐有关的部分变得话 跃；而对于我们其他人来说，大脑中与恐惧有关的部分变得活跃。)”可知，不同的人的大脑在面对风险时表现会不 样。G项（新的大脑研究表明，当我们面对紧张的情况时，我们的大脑会以不同的方式工作。）承接下文。 B ©语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家在计划宇航员的太空用餐时考虑的几个因素。 l.G过渡句。根据上文“But what do astronauts eat,,and how do they eat it??”及下文介绍的几个因素可知，本空承上启 下。故G项“科学家在计划太空用餐时考虑了几个因素。”符合语境，factors呼应下文的几个具体因素。 2.A主旨句。根据下文“If the food that has been provided is distasteful,.then the astronauts may avoid eating it..(如果提 供的食物不可口，那么宇航员可能会避免吃它。)”可知，本段在说明食物的口味是很重要的。A项中的taste与空后 的distasteful呼应，故A项“（食物）种类和口味也是很重要的。”符合语境。 3.F细节句。根据上文“Liquids or tiny bits of food could get inside a machine or electronic device and damage it..”可知， 液体或很小块的食物可能会进入机器或电子设备并损坏它。F项“出于同样的原因，锋利的器皿永远不会在宇宙 飞船上使用。”承接上文，且呼应下文中的be dangerous。 4.B主旨句。根据下文“The weight of every object included..into space and home again.”可知，必须计算宇宙飞船中 每一个物体的重量，以确保有足够的燃料和动力使宇宙飞船安全地进入太空并返回家园。故本段介绍还有一个 考虑因素是重量。B项“最后，重量是一个重要的问题。”符合语境。weight是关键词。 5.C细节句。根据下文“Most foods are stored in plastic bags,and often,,the foods are dehydrated..”可知，大多数食物都 储存在塑料袋里，而且通常都是脱水的。这说明食物的包装要尽可能轻。C项中的light呼应下文中的dehydrated。 三、完型填空 ⊙语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者经历了一场地震之后意识到人类在自然灾害面前是无助的，人 们要珍惜自然资源。 l.C由后文的“as though I were in a cradle''可知，作者感觉被摇晃了(rocked)几秒钟，故选C。attack袭击；comfort安 慰；shelter躲避。 2.B由后文的“the tinkling of pots,the rattling of windows,.and a certain deep rumbling noise'可知，作者是听到了奇怪的 (strange)声音，故选B。pleasant令人愉快的；fascinating迷人的；fluent流利的。 3.A由空后的“from the earth”可知，是来自地下的声音，故选A。flash闪光；reflect反射；track跟踪。 4.D由后文的“it was an earthquake”可知，作者知道发生了地震，他感到恐惧，故选D。to one's horror令某人恐惧的是。 annoyance烦恼；joy高兴；relief宽慰。 5.B由后文的“because we all jumped up from our beds in a second'可知，作者家里的其他人和邻居都意识到了 (recognized)地震，故选B。wam警告；impact影响；prevent阻止。 6.C由后文的“we stood in the open''及上文的“it was an earthquake''可知，地震了，人们应该是冲(ushed)出了家门，故 选C。句意：我家里的其他人和邻居一定也在同一时间或更早的时候意识到了地震，因为我们都立刻从床上跳 起来，冲出了家门。jnp跳；walk走路；struggle挣扎。 7.A由后文的“another quake'”可知，作者他们是担心(anxious)再次发生地震，故选A。excited激动的；curious好奇 的；hopeful有希望的。 8.D由本空后的“People stood in darkness'”可知，电灯熄灭了(gone off),故选D。blow up爆炸；come out出现；die down逐 渐变弱。 9.C由上文的“extremely47 about another quake''和“praying to God that it might not be”可知，人们担心再次发生地震， 所以是祈祷地震不会再发生(repeated),故选C。expect期待；forgive原谅；stop停止。 l0.B由上文的The quakes of the earth caused no damage in Mumbai..”可知，地震没有在孟买造成破坏，所以人们对大 自然心怀感激(gratitude),以为这场灾难大体上是无害的(harmless),故第50题选B,第51题选C.admiration羡慕；regret 后悔；satisfaction满意。 11.C解析见上一题。generous慷慨的；impressive令人印象深刻的；tough困难的。 I2.D由上文的bad news came''可知，有坏消息传来，地震把拉杜尔部分地区的所有房屋毁坏了(uined,数百 人丧失(lost)生命，故第52题选D,第53题选A。bum燃烧：freeze结冰：；throw扔。 l3.A解析见上一题。cre治愈；discover发现；rescue救援。 l4.C由上文地震造成的伤亡情况可知，人类在自然灾害面前的无助(helplessness),故选C。power力量；creativity创造 力；limit限制。 l5.B由后文的“humanity is wasting the natural resources”可知，人类浪费自然资源，这是很可惜的，故选B。fact事 实；pity可惜；honor荣誉；wonder奇迹。