精品解析：河南省天立教育2025-2026学年高二上学期12月期中英语试题

河南省天立教育2025—2026学年度秋期高二年级期中联考 英语试题卷 本试题卷共8页，四大题，67小题，满分150分。考试时间120分钟。 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、考场号、座位号、考生号填写在答题卡上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，将本试题卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1.What does the man want to do? A. Borrow a book. B. Return a novel. C. Renew a magazine. 2.What time is it now? A. 7:30. B. 8:00. C. 8:30. 3.What is the woman’s problem? A. She missed the deadline. B. She lost an important file. C. Her computer broke down. 4.Where does the conversation most probably take place? A. In a library. B. In a bookstore. C. In a post office. 5.What is the woman’s opinion about the movie? A. It’s exciting. B. It’s disappointing. C. It’s worth watching. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6.Why is Mike calling? A. To make an appointment. B. To cancel a meeting. C. To invite Susan to a party. 7.When will they probably meet? A. On Tuesday. B. On Wednesday. C. On Thursday. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8.What are the speakers mainly discussing? A. A weekend plan. B. A homework assignment. C. A basketball game. 9.What will the boy do on Saturday morning? A. Visit the museum. B. Finish his essay. C. Play basketball. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10.What is the probable relationship between the two speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Classmates. C. Brother and sister. 11.What problem does the girl have with her project? A She lacks data. B. She finds the topic too broad. C. She has trouble with the software. 12.What does the boy suggest? A. Focusing on one aspect. B. Changing the topic completely. C. Asking the teacher for an extension. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13.What is the main topic of the conversation? A. Environmental protection. B. A school activity. C. A camping trip. 14.Where will the tree planting event be held? A. By the river. B. In the city park. C. On the school campus. 15.What should participants bring? A. Their own gloves. B. Lunch and water. C. Gardening tools. 16.How can one sign up for the event? A. By calling the organizer. B. By sending an email. C. By filling out a form online. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17.What is the speaker mainly introducing? A. A new school policy. B. A summer course schedule. C. A volunteering program. 18.Who is the program designed for? A All students. B. Senior students only. C. Students interested in science. 19.When is the application deadline? A. June 1st. B. June 15th. C. July 1st. 20.What is the main purpose of the program? A. To improve grades. B. To gain work experience. C. To help the community. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Animal-like robots are popular. And yet says Barbara Mazzolai, an Italian roboticist, the field of robotics is far less interested in exploring the other major category of living things — plants. She puts the unwillingness down to a misconception (误解) about the usefulness of plant behavior: that they are capable of neither motion nor perception (感知). “It’s not true at all,” she says. Dr. Mazzolai and her team recently created FiloBot, a robot based on climbing plants. Like the real thing. FiloBot is capable of growing, attaching to and wrapping itself around supports, and adapting itself to an environment in response to external stimuli. FiloBot imitates the behaviors of a climbing tree using sensors in its head which is also equipped with a layer of plastic and a heating element. By softening and extruding (挤压出) the plastic in a circular patter, it can 3D-print its own body at a rate of two to seven millimeters per minute. Depending on brightness and direction, it changes the heat that the plastic is exposed to — lower temperatures result in a lighter body that increases in size more quickly, while higher temperatures make it thicker and stronger and grow more slowly. The researchers found that these simple functionalities were enough to let FiloBot move through a complex and unseen environment, cross gaps and find things to attach to. The lack of heavy on-board computing hardware, they say, means that it moves easily and requires minimal monitoring, while its slow pace means that it doesn’t disturb things around it. They suppose that this makes it suitable for potential applications including environmental monitoring in hard-to-reach locations, or monitoring disaster sites where existing facilities is unstable. Dr. Mazzolai hopes that such projects will motivate other roboticists to draw inspiration from plants. The plant kingdom is a world, she says, with a completely different approach to the animal one. “And we can develop new technologies and artificial solutions, because it is so different.” 1. What leads to limited exploration of plant-like robots? A. The slow growth rate of plants. B. The lack of plant research capability. C. The misunderstanding of plant behavior. D. The difficulty of applying plant-like robots. 2. How does FiloBot grow? A. By pressing a motion sensor. B. By exposing itself to sunlight. C. By pushing out softened plastic. D. By controlling outside temperature. 3. What is the purpose of this text? A. To point out the value of robotics. B. To present a newly invented robot. C. To call for more research into robots. D. To correct a misconception about plants. 【答案】1. C 2. C 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了人们对于植物的误解，认为植物不能移动，不能感知外界，所以人们对于植物类机器人开发得很少。然而，意大利机器人学家芭芭拉·马佐莱认为植物可以感知外界，并以此为思路发明了机器人FiloBot，它可以在复杂的环境中移动，并监测周围环境，它的慢节奏移动也意味着它不会打扰周围的事物。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“And yet, says Barbara Mazzolai, an Italian roboticist, the field of robotics is far less interested in exploring the other major category of living things — plants. She puts the unwillingness down to a misconception (误解) about the usefulness of plant behavior: that they are capable of neither motion nor perception (感知). (然而，意大利机器人专家芭芭拉·马佐莱说，机器人领域对探索生物的另一个主要类别——植物——的兴趣要小得多。她把这种不情愿归结为对植物行为有用性的误解：它们既不能运动也不能感知。)”可知，是因为对植物行为的误解导致了人们不愿意去开发植物机器人。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“FiloBot imitates the behaviors of a climbing tree using sensors in its head which is also equipped with a layer of plastic and a heating element. By softening and extruding (挤压出) the plastic in a circular patter, it can 3D-print its own body at a rate of two to seven millimeters per minute. (FiloBot通过头部的传感器模仿爬树的行为，该传感器还配备了一层塑料和加热元件。通过将塑料软化并挤压成圆形，它可以以每分钟2到7毫米的速度3D打印自己的身体。)”可知，FiloBot通过塑料软化并挤压成为圆形，促进生长。故选C。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Dr. Mazzolai and her team recently created FiloBot, a robot based on climbing plants. Like the real thing. FiloBot is capable of growing, attaching to and wrapping itself around supports, and adapting itself to an environment in response to external stimuli. (马佐莱博士和她的团队最近创造了一种基于攀缘植物的机器人FiloBot。就像真的一样。FiloBot能够生长，附着在支撑物上，并将自己包裹在支撑物周围，并根据外部刺激使自己适应环境。)”以及全文内容可知，本文主要介绍一项新发明的机器人。故选B。 B Time magazine has chosen its 2024 Kid of the Year — and it’s Heman Bekele, a teenager who could change the way skin cancer is treated. As a student from Fairfax’s Woodson High School, Bekele divides his time between the classroom and the lab at Johns Hopkins University, where he’s inventing a soap that could one day treat the deadly disease. “I was raised under the thought that I could always ask questions, and be as curious as possible,” Bekele said. “ And this pushed me to the field of science.” Some of Bekele’s earliest memories were seeing farmers work under the terrible heat with no heat protection from the sun’s UV rays in Ethiopia, where he was born. This was one factor that made him tackle skin cancer after he moved to the US. At home, Bekele — who’d entertain himself for hours as a child by mixing together any household products he could get his hands on and seeing what would happen — began wondering how he could help. “ What’s one thing that is an internationally impactful idea, something everyone can use, regardless of socioeconomic class?” Bekele asked himself. “Almost everyone uses soap and water for cleaning. So soap would probably be the best option.” So Bekele began his deliberate trial- and- error process, which led him to learn about a cream- based skin cancer treatment called Imiquimod that did produce desired results — but can cost as much as $180 for the uninsured in America. Inspired by the cream, Bekele designed his affordable soap. Bekele knew he’d need an actual lab to refine his creation. Bekele applied to — and won— the Minnesota- based tech company 3M’s Young Scientist Challenge in 2023, securing$25,000 and the title of “America’s Top Young Scientist”. Now, with the help of Johns Hopkins’ professor and biologist Vito Rebecca, Bekele has been testing the soap on mice at the university’s lab for almost half a year. The soap still has a long way to go: Testing, patenting it and getting FDA certification could take a decade. But even then, Bekele will only be 25 years old. 4. What initially inspired Bekele to come up with his idea to cure skin cancer? A. The farmers’ exposure to the hot sun. B. His journey from the classroom to the lab. C. The deadly disease he once suffered from. D. His being named Time’s Kid of the Year. 5. What do we know about Imiquimod? A. It was invented by Bekele. B. Bekele proved its side effects. C. It is effective but expensive. D. Bekele produced it for his soap. 6. Why did Bekele participate in the Young Scientist Challenge? A. To meet Professor Vito Rebecca. B. To get support to better his soap. C. To gain the soap patent from 3M. D. To promote ready- made products. 7. What can we learn from Bekele’s story? A. Thinking and action mean potential success. B. Success will get personal desires satisfied. C. Being famous is a great thirst of the young. D. Geniuses tend to get things done creatively. 【答案】4. A 5. C 6. B 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了Heman Bekele发明了一种可能有助于对抗皮肤癌的肥皂。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Some of Bekele’s earliest memories were seeing farmers work under the terrible heat with no heat protection from the sun’s UV rays in Ethiopia, where he was born. This was one factor that made him tackle skin cancer after he moved to the US.( Bekele最早的记忆是在他出生的Ethiopia，看到农民在可怕的高温下工作，没有隔热措施来抵御太阳的紫外线。这是他移居美国后应对皮肤癌的一个因素。)”可知，是看农民在太阳下暴晒工作从而导致他想要来找出办法治疗皮肤癌。故选A。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“So Bekele began his deliberate trial- and- error process, which led him to learn about a cream- based skin cancer treatment called Imiquimod that did produce desired results — but can cost as much as $180 for the uninsured in America.(因此Bekele就开始了深思熟虑的试验-错误-再试验的过程，这也就让他了解了一种名为Imiquimod的以奶油为基础的皮肤癌的治疗方法，它的确产生了预期的效果，但它的成本却高达180美元。)”可知，Imiquimod是有效果的，但价格很贵。故选C。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Bekele knew he’d need an actual lab to refine his creation. Bekele applied to — and won— the Minnesota- based tech company 3M’s Young Scientist Challenge in 2023(Bekele知道他需要一个真正的实验室来完善他的创造，Bekele在2023年申请并赢得了Minnesota科技公司3M青年科学家挑战赛。)”可推知，Bekele参加去青年科学挑战赛是为了可以有实验室来完善他的肥皂发明，故是为了得到支持从而进一步完善肥皂。故选B。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Time magazine has chosen its 2024 Kid of the Year — and it’s Heman Bekele, a teenager who could change the way skin cancer is treated.(《时代》杂志评选出了“2024年最佳儿童”——一位青少年，他可能会改变癌症的治疗方法。)”以及后文对Heman Bekele发明了一种可能有助于对抗皮肤癌的肥皂的介绍可知，文章主要通过对青少年Heman Bekele发明抗癌肥皂的故事的描写，从而表达出只要敢想敢行动，不论什么年龄，都能成功。故选A。 C A system that helps visually impaired (视觉受损的) people to navigate their surroundings using cameras, earphones and artificial intelligence (AI) could offer advantages over conventional sticks for people living in large cities. Cameras have a higher range than a stick, which can typically detect obstacles (障碍物) that are around one metre in front of the person. The system features a pair of glasses equipped with a camera that captures live images of the wearer’s surroundings. A tiny computer processes these images to detect the presence of other people and objects such as doors, walls and furniture. The device gives the user audio cues about their surroundings every 250 milliseconds, producing a sound in either the right or left earphone to guide them in the right direction. The researchers also created flexible “artificial skin” layers that users wear on their wrists and fingers, for additional navigational assistance. The bands are equipped with their own camera system and the layers vibrate (震动) to warn the wearer when an obstacle is between 40 centimetres and 50 centimetres away. The researchers first worked with 12 participants with visual impairments to evaluate how well the system could help them to avoid obstacles when walking through rooms. After training with the system, all participants were able to navigate indoors. In another trial, the technology continued to perform well when eight participants tested the device in real-world situations - including walking on a city street and through a conference room with furniture. The approach is unique in combining audio and touch feedback to keep users aware of what is around them, says Eduardo Fernández Jover, a medical doctor at Miguel Hernández University. “It’s a proof of concept. They still need to prove it in a higher number of subjects as well as people of different ages. The authors now plan to adjust the design of the device to make it lighter and tinier. Then it’s more invisible, so people will feel comfortable to use it.” says study co-author Leilei Gu, an AI researcher at Shanghai Jiao Tong University in China. 8. Why might the new system be better for the blind? A. It replaces the need for a walking stick. B. It can detect things farther than a stick. C. It has been invisible and comfortable to use. D. It has more cameras than other smart devices. 9. What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A. How the system functions. B. How audio cues are used. C. How the system detects obstacles. D. How artificial skin layers are created. 10. What makes this navigation system special? A. It uses both hearing and touch feedback. B. It needs no training to work well. C. It can be applied to people of different ages. D. It can be used in any real-world situation. 11. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. AI Glasses and Skin Layers for Navigation B. Smarter Way for the Blind to Walk in the City C. New Tech Helps Blind People Avoid Obstacles D. High-Tech Tools to Assist the Visually Impaired 【答案】8. B 9. A 10. A 11. D 【解析】 【导语】这篇文章是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种帮助视障人士导航的新系统，该系统结合了摄像头、耳机和人工智能，提供了比传统手杖更远的探测范围和更全面的导航辅助。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据原文第一段的句子“Cameras have a higher range than a stick, which can typically detect obstacles that are around one metre in front of the person.(摄像头的探测范围比拐杖大，拐杖通常只能检测到前方约一米处的障碍物)”可知，新系统能比拐杖检测到更远的东西，这是它对盲人更好的原因。故选B项。 【9题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段的主要内容“The system features a pair of glasses equipped with a camera that captures live images of the wearer’s surroundings. A tiny computer processes these images to detect the presence of other people and objects such as doors, walls and furniture. The device gives the user audio cues about their surroundings every 250 milliseconds, producing a sound in either the right or left earphone to guide them in the right direction. The researchers also created flexible “artificial skin” layers that users wear on their wrists and fingers, for additional navigational assistance. The bands are equipped with their own camera system and the layers vibrate to warn the wearer when an obstacle is between 40 centimetres and 50 centimetres away.(该系统配备了一副带有摄像头的眼镜，可以实时捕捉佩戴者周围环境的图像。一台小型计算机处理这些图像，以检测其他人的存在以及诸如门、墙和家具等物体。该设备每250毫秒向用户提供关于周围环境的音频提示，在右耳塞或左耳塞中产生声音，引导他们朝正确方向前进。研究人员还创造了可弯曲的“人造皮肤”层，用户可以戴在手腕和手指上，以获得额外的导航辅助。这些带子配备了它们自己的摄像头系统，当障碍物在40厘米到50厘米之间时，这些层会震动以警告佩戴者。)”可知，第二段详细描述了该系统的工作原理，包括摄像头如何捕捉图像、计算机如何处理图像以检测障碍物，以及如何通过音频和触觉反馈引导用户。因此，第二段主要介绍了系统的功能。故选A项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段的句子“The approach is unique in combining audio and touch feedback to keep users aware of what is around them, says Eduardo Fernández Jover, a medical doctor at Miguel Hernández University.(米格尔Hernández大学的医学博士Eduardo Fernández Jover说，这种方法的独特之处在于，它将声音和触摸反馈结合在一起，让用户了解周围的情况。)”可知，该导航系统特别之处在于它结合了听觉和触觉反馈。故选A项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据全文内容，特别是第一段“A system that helps visually impaired people to navigate their surroundings using cameras, earphones and artificial intelligence (AI) could offer advantages over conventional sticks for people living in large cities.(一个帮助视障人士使用摄像头、耳机和人工智能导航周围环境的系统，可能为生活在大城市的视障人士提供比传统手杖更多的优势。)”可知，文章主要介绍了一种结合了摄像头、耳机和人工智能的新型导航系统，旨在帮助视障人士更好地导航。因此，最佳标题是“D. High-Tech Tools to Assist the Visually Impaired(高科技工具帮助视障人士)”。故选D项。 D Is text-messaging driving us apart? These days, we talk to each other a lot with our thumbs — sending six billion text messages a day, and likely a few billion more on services like Whats App. But some worry that so much messaging leads to less communication. For instance, when hanging out with friends, we’d be texting secretively at the same time, pretending to maintain eye contact but mentally somewhere else. New technologies often upset the way we relate to one another, of course. But such division caused by texting has a strong echo in the arguments we had over telephone a hundred years ago. The small device gave us a new way to contact one another and quickly promote new forms of socializing. Callers arranged regular “visiting” calls, dialing remote family to catch up on news. Soon, though, social critics thought it would be so easy to talk that we’d never leave each other alone. Others worried that the telephone sped up life, demanding instant reactions. The use of the telephone gave little room for reflection. It produced a craziness in the ordinary concerns of life which didn’t make for domestic happiness. “We shall soon be nothing but transparent piles of jelly (果冻) to each other,” a London writer moaned in 1897. However, nowadays the telephone call seems like a throwback to a gentler era. When Jenna Birch, a communication professor at the University of Iowa, started dating a man who insisted on calling her on the phone, she found it warm and delightful. So she doesn’t think the shift to texting has degraded our interactions. According to her study, teenagers who text the most are also those who spend the most time face to face with friends. Communication, it seems, brings more communication, and — as she argues — just because talk happens in text doesn’t mean it’s not meaningful. Michéle Martin of Carleton University, thinks we’re living through a replay of the telephone, where the things that made it valuable — instant communications — are the same that made it annoying. “People believe they are liberated because they can bring the mobile phone everywhere,” Martin says. “But at the same time, they are slaves to it.” 12. What’s the function of the first paragraph? A. To introduce the topic. B. To describe a scene. C. To offer an argument. D. To issue a warning. 13. According to paragraph 4, what does telephone use cause? A. People experience very tight schedule. B. People tend to lack individuality. C. People become narrow and uninformed. D. People lose the ability to reflect. 14. What can we learn from paragraph 5? A. Telephone calls are particularly welcomed in dating. B. Teenagers are addicted to communicating by texting. C. The shift to texting is destructive to face-to-face time. D. The meaning of communication goes beyond medium. 15. What’s the best title for the text? A. Oh My God! We’ve Been Here Before! B. Gone with the Wind, Dear Texting! C. Life is Too Short for So Many Texting. D. Oh, Telephone, a Tale of Two Sides. 【答案】12. A 13. B 14. D 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了短信交流是否导致人与人之间疏远，通过对比短信与电话交流的影响来探讨这一问题。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Is text-messaging driving us apart? These days, we talk to each other a lot with our thumbs — sending six billion text messages a day, and likely a few billion more on services like Whats App.(短信正在让我们疏远吗？如今，我们经常用拇指互相交谈——每天发送60亿条短信，而在Whats App等服务上可能还会多发送几十亿条。)”可知，第一段通过提出“短信是否让我们疏远”的问题，并给出当前短信发送量的数据，来引出文章要讨论的主题。故选A。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“ Soon, though, social critics thought it would be so easy to talk that we’d never leave each other alone. Others worried that the telephone sped up life, demanding instant reactions. The use of the telephone gave little room for reflection. It produced a craziness in the ordinary concerns of life which didn’t make for domestic happiness. “We shall soon be nothing but transparent piles of jelly ( 果冻 ) to each other,” a London writer moaned in 1897.(然而不久之后，社会评论家们认为，仅仅通过通话就能交流得如此顺畅，以至于我们根本无法独处片刻。还有人担心电话会加快生活节奏，要求人们立即做出反应。电话的使用几乎没有给人们留下思考的空间。它让日常生活中原本平凡的事情变得混乱不堪，这不利于家庭的幸福。“我们很快就会变成彼此透明的果冻般的存在了。”1897 年，一位伦敦作家如此哀叹道。)”可知，文章第四段提到，反对电话的人认为，电话使得人们交流过于便捷，会让人失去独处的时间，还会加速生活节奏，要求人们即时回应，且缺乏思考空间，甚至认为这会让人们在日常事务中变得 “疯狂”，一位伦敦作家还抱怨 “我们很快会变成彼此面前透明的果冻”，暗示人们会因电话失去个性和隐私。A 选项 “日程紧张” 并非原文强调的核心问题；C 选项 “视野狭窄、信息闭塞” 与电话促进沟通的特点相悖；D 选项 “失去思考能力” 原文表述为 “缺乏思考空间（gave little room for reflection）”，并非 “失去思考能力”，表述不准确，故 B 选项正确。电话的使用导致人们往往缺乏个性。故选B。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“However, nowadays the telephone call seems like a throwback to a gentler era. When Jenna Birch, a communication professor at the University of Iowa, started dating a man who insisted on calling her on the phone, she found it warm and delightful. So she doesn’t think the shift to texting has degraded our interactions. According to her study, teenagers who text the most are also those who spend the most time face to face with friends. Communication, it seems, brings more communication, and — as she argues — just because talk happens in text doesn’t mean it’s not meaningful.(但如今，打电话反而像是回到了更温和的旧时光。爱荷华大学的传播学教授珍娜・伯奇曾和一个坚持打电话联系她的人约会，她觉得这种方式温暖又愉快。因此她认为，转向短信交流并没有降低我们互动的质量。根据她的研究，发短信最多的青少年，也是和朋友面对面相处时间最长的群体。看来，沟通只会带来更多沟通——而且正如她所说，不能仅仅因为交流是通过短信进行的，就否定它的意义。)”可知，沟通的意义超越了媒介本身。故选D。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章首先提出短信是否导致人与人之间疏远的问题，然后通过对比短信与电话交流的影响，指出新技术往往会改变我们彼此相处的方式，但短信交流并不一定意味着沟通没有意义。文章最后提到，我们正在经历电话时代的重演，其中使电话有价值的东西——即时通讯——也是使它令人讨厌的东西。因此，A选项“Oh My God! We’ve Been Here Before!(天哪！我们以前来过这里！)”最符合文章主旨，既表达了短信与电话交流影响的相似性，又带有一种对历史重演的感慨，适合用作标题。故选A。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The Daily Habits of Effective Leaders Leadership is often perceived as a gift with birth. ____16____ Life coach Allison Task highlights that by adopting specific daily habits and mental shifts, anyone can learn to step into a role of greater influence and responsibility. Everyone has access to the same information; the difference lies in how it’s used. ____17____ Leaders identify opportunities in situations and help others do the same. Crucially, you don’t need to be born with this skill, instead it can be built by focusing on opportunities, especially in tough times. Allison Task once worked at EarthWeb, where CEO Jack Hidary (a former NYC mayor candidate) often said, “____18____” He would explain market ideas, then wait for team members to rephrase the vision in their own words — ensuring everyone felt invested in the goal. While this communication takes time, it avoids the bigger trouble of leading alone while the team members wander off in different directions. Task once greeted a therapist who has an office in her building. He responded, “Crazy, like usual,” and hurried off. He’s talking about being crazy. ____19____ If he can’t do that in his own life, how can he help people live theirs? Leaders are constant role models. Their behavior — from how they treat others to their personal habits regarding sleep, diet, and exercise — is continuously observed and subconsciously followed by their team. In conclusion, the journey to becoming an effective leader is accessible to all. It begins with cultivating a mindset that seeks opportunity in adversity, ensures shared understanding through deliberate communication, and leads by example in both professional and personal conduct. ____20____ A. It isn’t said until everyone says it. B. Isn’t a therapist’s goal to help people be less crazy? C. Real leaders don’t get trapped in the wormhole of social media. D. It is a collection of skills that can be intentionally developed, though. E. On a rainy day, one can complain or seize the chance to sell umbrellas. F. By integrating these habits, individuals can step into rewarding leadership roles. G. It’s easy to believe that leaders are brave and confident enough to take bold risks. 【答案】16. D 17. E 18. A 19. B 20. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了有效领导者的日常习惯，说明人人都能通过培养这些习惯成为有效领导者。 【16题详解】 由上文“Leadership is often perceived as a gift with birth.(领导力常被视为与生俱来的天赋。)”以及下文“Life coach Allison Task highlights that by adopting specific daily habits and mental shifts, anyone can learn to step into a role of greater influence and responsibility.(人生教练Allison Task强调，通过养成特定的日常习惯并做出思维转变，任何人都能学会承担更具影响力和责任感的角色。)”可知，领导力可后天培养。选项D“It's a collection of skills that can be intentionally developed, though.(但是，它是一系列可刻意培养的技能)”衔接上下文，其中代词It指代上文提到的“Leadership”，且“intentionally developed”对应下文的“anyone can learn”，选项D起到承上启下的作用，符合题意。故选D。 【17题详解】 由上文“Everyone has access to the same information; the difference lies in how it's used.(每个人都能获取相同信息，差异在于如何运用)”以及下文“Leaders identify opportunities in situations and help others do the same.(领导者在情境中发现机会并帮助他人也做到)”可知，选项E“On a rainy day, one can complain or seize the chance to sell umbrellas.(下雨天，有人会抱怨，有人会抓住卖伞的机会。)”通过举例说明如何运用信息、发现机会，且选项中“complain or seize”对应上文“the difference lies in how it’s used”，符合题意。故选E。 【18题详解】 由下文“He would explain market ideas, then wait for team members to rephrase the vision in their own words—ensuring everyone felt invested in the goal.(他会阐释市场理念，然后等待团队成员用自己的话重新表述愿景——确保每个人都能融入到目标中。)”可知，选项A“it isn't said until everyone says it.(直到每个人都能表达出来才算数。)”说明要让每个人都能理解并表达愿景，符合题意，且选项中“everyone says it”对应下文 “their own words”。故选A。 【19题详解】 由上文“Task once greeted a therapist who has an office in her building. He responded, ‘Crazy, like usual,’ and hurried off. He’s talking about being crazy.(Task曾和一位在她办公楼里有办公室的治疗师打过招呼。那位治疗师回应道：‘疯了，和往常一样。’然后就匆匆离开了。他是在说‘疯了’这种状态。)”可知，选项B“Isn't a therapist's goal to help people be less crazy?(治疗师的目标不是帮人们减少疯狂吗？)”承接上文，选项中“be less crazy”对应上文“being crazy”，符合逻辑。故选B。 【20题详解】 由上文“In conclusion, the journey to becoming an effective leader is accessible to all. It begins with cultivating a mindset that seeks opportunity in adversity, ensures shared understanding through deliberate communication, and leads by example in both professional and personal conduct.(总之，成为一名高效领导者的过程对所有人都是可企及的。它始于培养一种思维模式：在逆境中寻找机会，通过审慎的沟通确保团队达成共识，并在职业和个人行为中都以身作则。)”可知，选项F“By integrating these habits, individuals can step into rewarding leadership roles.(通过整合这些习惯，个人能承担有意义的领导角色。)”对前文进行总结，说明整合这些习惯的结果，其中“these habits”指代上文提到的几种方法，符合语境。故选F。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 The Poseidon Effect Late one autumn day at the local swimming pool in Ancenis, France, an 18-year-old named Jean LeRoy came for his regular evening swim in the 25-metre pool. When people are drowning, they don’t usually shout and _____21_____ in the way it happens on television. Most people drown quite _____22_____, with the person quickly sinking beneath the water. On the evening, LeRoy was testing how far he could swim underwater _____23_____ one breath. At some moment, as he was doing this, he became unconscious. _____24_____ he tried he couldn’t breathe. He sank to the bottom of the pool. LeRoy was drowning. Luckily for him, the swimming pool was ____25____ with an electronic surveillance system called Poseidon. Although the human lifeguards had not noticed, 12 large machine eyes deep underwater were watching the whole thing. Poseidon has underwater cameras which _____26_____ people as they swim. The cameras are connected to a computer. It is _____27_____ to recognize _____28_____ a swimmer is not moving normally. The lifeguards at the Ancenis pool were wearing a special device that _____29_____ when the computer detected a possible problem. Sixteen seconds after Poseidon noticed LeRoy’s body, the lifeguards had pulled him out of the pool. He started breathing again. After one night in hospital, he was sent home completely _____30_____. Poseidon had saved his life. Machines like Poseidon completely change how we live. Think of your life before the answering machine was invented. Think of your grandparents’ lives before the television and the airplane were introduced. The change will be just as great. It is _____31_____ happening. Soon, machines will recognize our faces and our fingerprints. They will _____32_____ for drowning people, for ____33____ carrying bombs, for speeding drivers and heart patients. Imagine devices that monitor a baby’s breathing and track children as they go to and from school. Imagine machines _____34_____ quiet signals to nearby computers, which will send information to your doctor, your lawyer, and the local police. As time passes, more and more of our lives will be _____35_____ by machines. They will know all about us. 21. A. splash B. cry C. yell D. scream 22. A. soon B. quietly C. silently D. simply 23. A. in B. within C. over D. on 24. A. No matter how B. However C. Whoever D. Whatever 25. A. established B. installed C. set D. equipped 26. A. show B. film C. propagate D. outline 27. A. postulated B. made C. programmed D. relayed 28. A. whether B. when C. while D. if 29. A. alarmed B. beeped C. warned D. alerted 30. A. healthy B. normal C. safe D. well 31. A. always B. merely C. readily D. already 32. A. watch out B. take care C. look back D. go over 33. A. terrorists B. invalids C. senators D. tyrants 34. A. will send B. to send C. send D. sending 35. A. recorded B. checked C. monitored D. supervised 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. D 24. B 25. B 26. B 27. C 28. B 29. B 30. D 31. D 32. A 33. A 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。介绍了Poseidon电子监控系统如何改变我们的生活方式，以及它如何帮助拯救溺水者的生命。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当人们溺水时，他们通常不会像电视上那样大喊大叫、四处扑腾。A. splash拍水；B. cry哭泣；C. yell大喊；D. scream尖叫。根据后文“Most people drown quite 　　　　　2　　　　　, with the person quickly sinking beneath the water.”可知，大多数人溺水时很安静，很快就沉到水下，所以不会大喊大叫、四处扑腾。故选A项。 【22题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：大多数人溺水时很安静，很快就沉到水下。A. soon很快；B. quietly安静地；C. silently无声地；D. simply仅仅。根据前文“they don’t usually shout”可知，不会大喊大叫，所以沉默无声地。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：晚上，LeRoy正在测试他一口气能在水下游多远。A. in在……里面；B. within在内部；C. over在……期间；D. on在……上。根据后文“one breath”可知，此处是固定搭配：on one breath意为“一口气”。故选D项。 【24题详解】 考查状语连接词辨析。句意：无论他怎么努力，他都无法呼吸。A. No matter how不管怎样；B. However不管怎样；C. Whoever无论是谁；D. Whatever无论什么。根据后文“he tried he couldn’t breathe”可知，此处表达“不管怎样”之意，又However是比较正式的用语，大都用于书面语，口语中较少使用；no matter how则比较口语化，它的语势比however重，故常用在强调的场合。故选B项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，游泳池安装了一个名为“波塞冬”的电子监控系统。A. established建立；B. installed安装；C. set设置；D. equipped装备。根据后文“an electronic surveillance system”可知，电子监控系统应该是被安装在游泳池。故选B项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：波塞冬有水下摄像机，可以拍摄人们游泳的过程。A. show显示；B. film拍摄；C. propagate传播；D. outline概述。根据前文“Poseidon has underwater cameras”可知，摄像机是用来拍摄的。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它的程序是，当游泳者不正常移动时，它就会识别出来。A. postulated假设；B. made制造；C. programmed编写程序；D. relayed转发。根据前文“an electronic surveillance system called Poseidon”可知，Poseidon是一个电子监控系统，所以应是被编程。故选C项。 【28题详解】 考查状语连接词辨析。句意：它的程序是，当游泳者不正常移动时，它就会识别出来。A. whether是否；B. when当……时；C. while与……同时；D. if如果。根据后文“a swimmer is not moving normally.”可知，此处表达“当游泳者不正常移动时”之意。故选B项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：安塞尼斯游泳池的救生员都戴着一种特殊的设备，当电脑检测到可能出现的问题时，它就会发出哔哔声。A. alarmed使担心；B. beeped发出哔哔声；C. warned警告；D. alerted使警惕。根据前文“The lifeguards at the Ancenis pool were wearing a special device”可知，救生员带着装置，由常识推断，这个装置应是提醒救生员有人需要救援，所以应是发出哔哔声进行提醒。故选B项。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在医院住了一夜之后，他完全康复出院了。A. healthy健康的；B. normal正常的；C. safe安全的；D. well状态良好。根据后文“Poseidon had saved his life.”可知，波塞冬救了他的命，所以他是完全恢复了。故选D项。 【31题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：这已经发生了。A. always总是；B. merely仅；C. readily乐意地；D. already已经。根据前文“Think of your life before the answering machine was invented. Think of your grandparents’ lives before the television and the airplane were introduced.”可知，作者的举例都是已发生的事。故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们会小心溺水的人、携带炸弹的恐怖分子、超速驾驶的司机和心脏病患者。A. watch out提防；B. take care当心；C. look back回顾；D. go over仔细检查。根据后文“for drowning people, for 　　　　13　　　　 carrying bombs, for speeding drivers and heart patients.”可知，对于溺水的人，超速驾驶的司机和心脏病患者都应该小心。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们会小心溺水的人、携带炸弹的恐怖分子、超速驾驶的司机和心脏病患者。A. terrorists恐怖分子；B. invalids病弱者；C. senators参议员；D. tyrants暴君。根据后文“carrying bombs”可知，携带炸弹，应是恐怖分子。故选A项。 【34题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：想象一下，机器向附近的计算机发送安静的信号，这些计算机将向你的医生、律师和当地警察发送信息。A. will send将发送；B. to send去发送；C. send发送；D. sending发送。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词Imagine，所以send用非谓语形式，和逻辑主语machines之间是主动关系，用现在分词形式。故选D项。 【35题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，我们越来越多的生活将被机器监控。A. recorded记录；B. checked检查；C. monitored监视；D. supervised监督。根据前文“Imagine devices that monitor a baby’s breathing and track children as they go to and from school. Imagine machines 　　　　　14　　　　　 quiet signals to nearby computers, which will send information to your doctor, your lawyer, and the local police.”可知，我们越来越多的生活将被机器监控。故选C项。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Albert Einstein, who is perhaps the greatest scientist in modern physics, is often considered one of the smartest men who ever lived. He made numerous ___36___ (contribution) to the world, the most well-known ___37___ (be) the general theory of relativity and the famous formula E=mc2. Einstein was not only a genius; he was a ___38___ (courage) and kind figure loved by many people. This gentle genius was born in Germany on 14 March 1879. When he was 16, he tried to enter university in Switzerland, but failed due to his low scores in the general part of the entrance exam, ___39___ obtaining exceptional scores in maths and physics. After studying for another year, he managed to pass the exam, ___40___ (enter) university in 1896 and graduating in 1900. After two years of looking for work as a teacher, Einstein took a job as a clerk in the Swiss patent office. While working there, out of a strong passion for knowledge, he continued to study, earning a doctorate in physics in 1905. That same year, ___41___ was later recorded as a miracle year in science, he published four extraordinary physics papers. Following this, he ___42___ (gradual) became famous throughout the world as the new Isaac Newton. After four years, he was able to quit his job at the patent office and enter research full-time at a university. In 1922, he ___43___ (award) the 1921 Nobel Prize for Physics for his ___44___ (explain) of the photoelectric effect. To the public, he was seen as a slightly odd-looking but kind and funny man. He had a thick moustache and long white hair, which sometimes stood on end as though he had just received ____45____ electric shock. On 18 April 1955, it was reported that Einstein had passed away, and the whole world mourned the great loss of a brilliant scientist 【答案】36. contributions 37. being 38. courageous 39. despite 40. entering 41. which 42. gradually 43. was awarded 44. explanation 45. an 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了爱因斯坦的生平、科学成就及公众形象。 【36题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：他为世界做出了无数贡献，其中最著名的便是广义相对论和质能方程E=mc²。空处为名词形式担当宾语，根据numerous可知，空处为名词的复数形式。故填contributions。 37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他为世界做出了无数贡献，其中最著名的便是广义相对论和质能方程E=mc²。空处为非谓语动词引导的独立主格；逻辑主语“the most well-known”和“be”之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填being。 【38题详解】 考查形容词。句意：爱因斯坦不仅是一位天才，更是一个勇敢且善良的人，深受人们爱戴。修饰名词用形容词形式，意为“勇敢的”。故填courageous。 【39题详解】 考查介词。句意：16岁时，他试图进入瑞士的大学，但尽管数学和物理成绩优异，却因入学考试中综合科目分数较低而失败。空处为介词形式，意为“虽然、尽管”，用介词“despite”。故填despite。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：又学习了一年后，他终于通过了考试，1896年进入大学，并在1900年毕业。空处为非谓语动词形式担当结果状语，表示自然而然的结果，用现在分词形式。故填entering。 【41题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：同年，后来被称为科学史上的“奇迹之年”，他发表了四篇极具分量的物理学论文。空处为定语从句的关系词；先行词“That same year”在非限制性定语从句中担当主语，用关系代词“which”引导。故填which。 【42题详解】 考查副词。句意：此后，他逐渐以“新艾萨克・牛顿”的身份闻名于世。修饰动词，担当句子的状语，表示“逐渐”。故填gradually。 【43题详解】 考查谓语动词。句意：1922年，他因对光电效应的解释而被授予1921年度诺贝尔物理学奖。空处为本句谓语动词；根据时间状语“In 1922”可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语“he”和动词“award”之间为被动关系。故填was awarded。 【44题详解】 考查名词。句意：1922年，他因对光电效应的解释而被授予1921年度诺贝尔物理学奖。空处为名词形式担当宾语，意为“解释”。故填explanation。 【45题详解】 考查冠词。句意：他留着浓密的小胡子和长长的白发，有时头发直立，仿佛刚遭受了电击一般。修饰名词单数，表示泛指，用不定冠词；空后单词为元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。故填an。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假如你是李华，上周游览了家附近新开的城市公园并在朋友圈发了照片。你的新西兰好友Peter看到后很感兴趣，想了解更多信息。请你写封邮件向他介绍该公园。内容要点包括： 1. 公园名字和位置。 2. 休闲活动。 注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯 Dear Peter, _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Peter, I’m glad you’re interested in the newly-opened city park near my home. It's called Greenfield Park and is located on the west side of the city, not far from my place. There are various leisure activities there. You can take a leisure walk along the tree-lined paths, enjoying the beautiful scenery. There’s also a large lake where you can go boating. In addition, many people fly kites on the spacious lawn, having a great time. I’m sure you’d love it if you came here. Best regards, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。请考生应 Peter 的要求，介绍新开城市公园的名字、位置以及休闲活动。 【详解】1.词汇积累： 快乐的：glad→pleased 位于：locate→situate 悠闲的：leisure→unhurried 宽敞的：spacious→roomy 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：It’s called Greenfield Park and is located on the west side of the city, not far from my place. 拓展句：It’s called Greenfield Park and is located on the west side of the city, which is not far from my place. 【点睛】【高分句型 1】 There’s also a large lake where you can go boating.（运用 where 引导的定语从句） 【高分句型 2】 You can take a leisurely walk along the tree-lined paths, enjoying the beautiful scenery.（运用了现在分词作伴随状语） 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Recently, my work has been incredibly overwhelming — the constant deadlines, endless meetings, and high expectations are really wearing me down, making me lost in life. It’s hard to quiet my mind to focus on anything else. I knew I needed to find a way to manage these emotions before things got worse. I decided to go hiking in a forest near my city to escape from all those that stressed me. I packed my backpack carefully, making sure I had everything I needed — water, some snacks, and sunscreen to protect my skin from the sun. With everything prepared, I set off, ready for a little adventure. The forest was more beautiful than I had imagined. Tall, ancient trees stretched high above me, their leaves forming a green roof that let in patches of sunlight. Colorful wildflowers dotted the ground, and the air smelled fresh and earthy. Birds sang sweetly from the branches, and the sound of rustling leaves made the forest feel alive. The peacefulness of nature calmed me down. I followed a narrow, winding path with fewer hikers, enjoying every moment. The deeper I went, the more magical everything seemed. I was so busy looking at the trees and listening to the birds that I didn’t pay attention to where I was going. Suddenly, I stopped. The trees around me looked strange — different from the ones I had passed earlier. My heart skipped a beat. Obviously, I was lost in nature, just like I was in my life. The sun was beginning to set, painting the sky in shades of orange and pink. I knew I had to find my way back before it got dark. I tried to remember which direction I had come from, but the forest was like a giant maze (迷宫). Every path I took seemed to lead me in circles. The trees all looked the same. 注意： (1) 续写词数应为150 个左右； (2) 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 As it was becoming dark, I realized how serious my situation was. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Just as I was feeling hopeless, I spotted a faint (微弱的) light in the distance. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 As it was becoming dark, I realized how serious my situation was. The forest, once a place of beauty, now felt like a prison. Shadows loomed large, and every sound made me jump. I tried to retrace my steps, but everything looked the same. Panic welled up as I thought about the long, cold night ahead. What if there were wild animals? My hands shook as I fumbled with my backpack, looking for anything that could help. Desperation filled me as the light faded. Just as I was feeling hopeless, I spotted a faint light in the distance. A glimmer of hope surged through me. I stumbled towards it, branches snagging at my clothes. To my relief, it was a group of fellow hikers. They had set up camp for the night. After listening to my plight, they shared their food and offered me a place to sleep. Their kindness not only saved me from a perilous night but also made me realize that help is often closer than we think, both in the forest and in life’s challenges. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者因工作压力巨大，选择去城市附近的森林徒步以缓解压力，却不幸在森林中迷路，随着太阳逐渐落山，作者意识到处境危险，正在绝望之时看到远处微弱灯光的经历。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“天渐渐黑了，我意识到自己的处境有多严峻。”可知，第一段可描写作者感觉森林从美好的地方变成了困住自己的牢笼，巨大的阴影和各种声音让其惊恐，试图原路返回却无法找到方向，想到即将面临漫长寒冷的夜晚且可能遭遇野生动物，内心充满恐慌与绝望，手忙脚乱地在背包中寻找可能有用的东西。 ②由第二段首句内容“就在我感到绝望的时候，我看到远处有一丝微弱的光”可知，第二段可描述作者看到灯光后燃起希望，不顾一切地朝着灯光跌跌撞撞走去，途中树枝挂住衣服也不在意，最后发现是一群徒步旅行者的营地，他们倾听作者的困境后，分享食物并提供住宿。作者由此意识到在森林中以及生活的挑战里，帮助往往近在咫尺。 2. 续写线索：迷路后陷入恐慌（天色渐暗，作者感觉森林危险，找路无果，担心夜晚和野生动物，内心充满恐慌与绝望）——看到希望并获助与感悟（看到远处灯光，奔向灯光发现营地，得到徒步旅行者帮助，领悟到生活中帮助常在） 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ①帮助：help /assist ②消失：fade/vanish ③提供：offer /provide 情绪类 ①绝望：desperation/despair ②宽慰：relief/comfort 【点睛】【高分句型1】My hands shook as I fumbled with my backpack, looking for anything that could help. (运用了as引导的时间状语从句和现在分词作状语) 【高分句型2】Their kindness not only saved me from a perilous night but also made me realize that help is often closer than we think, both in the forest and in life’s challenges. (运用了not only...but also结构和that引导的宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 河南省天立教育2025—2026学年度秋期高二年级期中联考 英语试题卷 本试题卷共8页，四大题，67小题，满分150分。考试时间120分钟。 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、考场号、座位号、考生号填写在答题卡上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，将本试题卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1.What does the man want to do? A. Borrow a book. B. Return a novel. C. Renew a magazine. 2.What time is it now? A. 7:30. B. 8:00. C. 8:30. 3.What is the woman’s problem? A. She missed the deadline. B. She lost an important file. C. Her computer broke down. 4.Where does the conversation most probably take place? A. In a library. B. In a bookstore. C. In a post office. 5.What is the woman’s opinion about the movie? A. It’s exciting. B. It’s disappointing. C. It’s worth watching. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6.Why is Mike calling? A. To make an appointment. B. To cancel a meeting. C. To invite Susan to a party. 7.When will they probably meet? A. On Tuesday. B. On Wednesday. C. On Thursday. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8.What are the speakers mainly discussing? A. A weekend plan. B. A homework assignment. C. A basketball game. 9.What will the boy do on Saturday morning? A. Visit the museum. B. Finish his essay. C. Play basketball. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10.What is the probable relationship between the two speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Classmates. C. Brother and sister. 11.What problem does the girl have with her project? A. She lacks data. B. She finds the topic too broad. C. She has trouble with the software. 12.What does the boy suggest? A. Focusing on one aspect. B. Changing the topic completely. C. Asking the teacher for an extension. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13.What is the main topic of the conversation? A. Environmental protection. B. A school activity. C. A camping trip. 14.Where will the tree planting event be held? A. By the river. B. In the city park. C. On the school campus. 15.What should participants bring? A. Their own gloves. B. Lunch and water. C. Gardening tools. 16.How can one sign up for the event? A. By calling the organizer. B. By sending an email. C. By filling out a form online. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17.What is the speaker mainly introducing? A. A new school policy. B. A summer course schedule. C. A volunteering program. 18.Who is the program designed for? A. All students. B. Senior students only. C. Students interested in science. 19.When is the application deadline? A. June 1st. B. June 15th. C. July 1st. 20.What is the main purpose of the program? A. To improve grades. B. To gain work experience. C. To help the community. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Animal-like robots are popular. And yet, says Barbara Mazzolai, an Italian roboticist, the field of robotics is far less interested in exploring the other major category of living things — plants. She puts the unwillingness down to a misconception (误解) about the usefulness of plant behavior: that they are capable of neither motion nor perception (感知). “It’s not true at all,” she says. Dr. Mazzolai and her team recently created FiloBot, a robot based on climbing plants. Like the real thing. FiloBot is capable of growing, attaching to and wrapping itself around supports, and adapting itself to an environment in response to external stimuli. FiloBot imitates the behaviors of a climbing tree using sensors in its head which is also equipped with a layer of plastic and a heating element. By softening and extruding (挤压出) the plastic in a circular patter, it can 3D-print its own body at a rate of two to seven millimeters per minute. Depending on brightness and direction, it changes the heat that the plastic is exposed to — lower temperatures result in a lighter body that increases in size more quickly, while higher temperatures make it thicker and stronger and grow more slowly. The researchers found that these simple functionalities were enough to let FiloBot move through a complex and unseen environment, cross gaps and find things to attach to. The lack of heavy on-board computing hardware, they say, means that it moves easily and requires minimal monitoring, while its slow pace means that it doesn’t disturb things around it. They suppose that this makes it suitable for potential applications including environmental monitoring in hard-to-reach locations, or monitoring disaster sites where existing facilities is unstable. Dr. Mazzolai hopes that such projects will motivate other roboticists to draw inspiration from plants. The plant kingdom is a world, she says, with a completely different approach to the animal one. “And we can develop new technologies and artificial solutions, because it is so different.” 1. What leads to limited exploration of plant-like robots? A. The slow growth rate of plants. B. The lack of plant research capability. C. The misunderstanding of plant behavior. D The difficulty of applying plant-like robots. 2. How does FiloBot grow? A. By pressing a motion sensor. B. By exposing itself to sunlight. C. By pushing out softened plastic. D. By controlling outside temperature. 3. What is the purpose of this text? A. To point out the value of robotics. B. To present a newly invented robot. C. To call for more research into robots. D. To correct a misconception about plants. B Time magazine has chosen its 2024 Kid of the Year — and it’s Heman Bekele, a teenager who could change the way skin cancer is treated. As a student from Fairfax’s Woodson High School, Bekele divides his time between the classroom and the lab at Johns Hopkins University, where he’s inventing a soap that could one day treat the deadly disease. “I was raised under the thought that I could always ask questions, and be as curious as possible,” Bekele said. “ And this pushed me to the field of science.” Some of Bekele’s earliest memories were seeing farmers work under the terrible heat with no heat protection from the sun’s UV rays in Ethiopia, where he was born. This was one factor that made him tackle skin cancer after he moved to the US. At home, Bekele — who’d entertain himself for hours as a child by mixing together any household products he could get his hands on and seeing what would happen — began wondering how he could help. “ What’s one thing that is an internationally impactful idea, something everyone can use, regardless of socioeconomic class?” Bekele asked himself. “Almost everyone uses soap and water for cleaning. So soap would probably be the best option.” So Bekele began his deliberate trial- and- error process, which led him to learn about a cream- based skin cancer treatment called Imiquimod that did produce desired results — but can cost as much as $180 for the uninsured in America. Inspired by the cream, Bekele designed his affordable soap. Bekele knew he’d need an actual lab to refine his creation. Bekele applied to — and won— the Minnesota- based tech company 3M’s Young Scientist Challenge in 2023, securing$25,000 and the title of “America’s Top Young Scientist”. Now, with the help of Johns Hopkins’ professor and biologist Vito Rebecca, Bekele has been testing the soap on mice at the university’s lab for almost half a year. The soap still has a long way to go: Testing, patenting it and getting FDA certification could take a decade. But even then, Bekele will only be 25 years old. 4. What initially inspired Bekele to come up with his idea to cure skin cancer? A. The farmers’ exposure to the hot sun. B. His journey from the classroom to the lab. C. The deadly disease he once suffered from. D. His being named Time’s Kid of the Year. 5. What do we know about Imiquimod? A. It was invented by Bekele. B. Bekele proved its side effects. C. It is effective but expensive. D. Bekele produced it for his soap. 6. Why did Bekele participate in the Young Scientist Challenge? A. To meet Professor Vito Rebecca. B. To get support to better his soap. C. To gain the soap patent from 3M. D. To promote ready- made products. 7. What can we learn from Bekele’s story? A. Thinking and action mean potential success. B. Success will get personal desires satisfied. C. Being famous is a great thirst of the young. D. Geniuses tend to get things done creatively. C A system that helps visually impaired (视觉受损的) people to navigate their surroundings using cameras, earphones and artificial intelligence (AI) could offer advantages over conventional sticks for people living in large cities. Cameras have a higher range than a stick, which can typically detect obstacles (障碍物) that are around one metre in front of the person. The system features a pair of glasses equipped with a camera that captures live images of the wearer’s surroundings. A tiny computer processes these images to detect the presence of other people and objects such as doors, walls and furniture. The device gives the user audio cues about their surroundings every 250 milliseconds, producing a sound in either the right or left earphone to guide them in the right direction. The researchers also created flexible “artificial skin” layers that users wear on their wrists and fingers, for additional navigational assistance. The bands are equipped with their own camera system and the layers vibrate (震动) to warn the wearer when an obstacle is between 40 centimetres and 50 centimetres away. The researchers first worked with 12 participants with visual impairments to evaluate how well the system could help them to avoid obstacles when walking through rooms. After training with the system, all participants were able to navigate indoors. In another trial, the technology continued to perform well when eight participants tested the device in real-world situations - including walking on a city street and through a conference room with furniture. The approach is unique in combining audio and touch feedback to keep users aware of what is around them, says Eduardo Fernández Jover, a medical doctor at Miguel Hernández University. “It’s a proof of concept. They still need to prove it in a higher number of subjects as well as people of different ages. The authors now plan to adjust the design of the device to make it lighter and tinier. Then it’s more invisible, so people will feel comfortable to use it.” says study co-author Leilei Gu, an AI researcher at Shanghai Jiao Tong University in China. 8. Why might the new system be better for the blind? A. It replaces the need for a walking stick. B. It can detect things farther than a stick. C. It has been invisible and comfortable to use. D. It has more cameras than other smart devices. 9. What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A. How the system functions. B. How audio cues are used. C. How the system detects obstacles. D. How artificial skin layers are created. 10. What makes this navigation system special? A. It uses both hearing and touch feedback. B. It needs no training to work well. C. It can be applied to people of different ages. D. It can be used in any real-world situation. 11. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. AI Glasses and Skin Layers for Navigation B. Smarter Way for the Blind to Walk in the City C. New Tech Helps Blind People Avoid Obstacles D. High-Tech Tools to Assist the Visually Impaired D Is text-messaging driving us apart? These days, we talk to each other a lot with our thumbs — sending six billion text messages a day, and likely a few billion more on services like Whats App. But some worry that so much messaging leads to less communication. For instance, when hanging out with friends, we’d be texting secretively at the same time, pretending to maintain eye contact but mentally somewhere else. New technologies often upset the way we relate to one another, of course. But such division caused by texting has a strong echo in the arguments we had over telephone a hundred years ago. The small device gave us a new way to contact one another and quickly promote new forms of socializing. Callers arranged regular “visiting” calls, dialing remote family to catch up on news. Soon, though, social critics thought it would be so easy to talk that we’d never leave each other alone. Others worried that the telephone sped up life, demanding instant reactions. The use of the telephone gave little room for reflection. It produced a craziness in the ordinary concerns of life which didn’t make for domestic happiness. “We shall soon be nothing but transparent piles of jelly (果冻) to each other,” a London writer moaned in 1897. However, nowadays the telephone call seems like a throwback to a gentler era. When Jenna Birch, a communication professor at the University of Iowa, started dating a man who insisted on calling her on the phone, she found it warm and delightful. So she doesn’t think the shift to texting has degraded our interactions. According to her study, teenagers who text the most are also those who spend the most time face to face with friends. Communication, it seems, brings more communication, and — as she argues — just because talk happens in text doesn’t mean it’s not meaningful. Michéle Martin of Carleton University, thinks we’re living through a replay of the telephone, where the things that made it valuable — instant communications — are the same that made it annoying. “People believe they are liberated because they can bring the mobile phone everywhere,” Martin says. “But at the same time, they are slaves to it.” 12. What’s the function of the first paragraph? A. To introduce the topic. B. To describe a scene. C. To offer an argument. D. To issue a warning. 13. According to paragraph 4, what does telephone use cause? A. People experience very tight schedule. B. People tend to lack individuality. C. People become narrow and uninformed. D. People lose the ability to reflect. 14. What can we learn from paragraph 5? A. Telephone calls are particularly welcomed in dating. B. Teenagers are addicted to communicating by texting. C The shift to texting is destructive to face-to-face time. D. The meaning of communication goes beyond medium. 15. What’s the best title for the text? A. Oh My God! We’ve Been Here Before! B. Gone with the Wind, Dear Texting! C. Life is Too Short for So Many Texting. D. Oh, Telephone, a Tale of Two Sides. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The Daily Habits of Effective Leaders Leadership is often perceived as a gift with birth. ____16____ Life coach Allison Task highlights that by adopting specific daily habits and mental shifts, anyone can learn to step into a role of greater influence and responsibility. Everyone has access to the same information; the difference lies in how it’s used. ____17____ Leaders identify opportunities in situations and help others do the same. Crucially, you don’t need to be born with this skill, instead it can be built by focusing on opportunities, especially in tough times. Allison Task once worked at EarthWeb, where CEO Jack Hidary (a former NYC mayor candidate) often said, “____18____” He would explain market ideas, then wait for team members to rephrase the vision in their own words — ensuring everyone felt invested in the goal. While this communication takes time, it avoids the bigger trouble of leading alone while the team members wander off in different directions. Task once greeted a therapist who has an office in her building. He responded, “Crazy, like usual,” and hurried off. He’s talking about being crazy. ____19____ If he can’t do that in his own life, how can he help people live theirs? Leaders are constant role models. Their behavior — from how they treat others to their personal habits regarding sleep, diet, and exercise — is continuously observed and subconsciously followed by their team. In conclusion, the journey to becoming an effective leader is accessible to all. It begins with cultivating a mindset that seeks opportunity in adversity, ensures shared understanding through deliberate communication, and leads by example in both professional and personal conduct. ____20____ A It isn’t said until everyone says it. B Isn’t a therapist’s goal to help people be less crazy? C. Real leaders don’t get trapped in the wormhole of social media. D. It is a collection of skills that can be intentionally developed, though. E. On a rainy day, one can complain or seize the chance to sell umbrellas. F. By integrating these habits, individuals can step into rewarding leadership roles. G. It’s easy to believe that leaders are brave and confident enough to take bold risks. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 The Poseidon Effect Late one autumn day at the local swimming pool in Ancenis, France, an 18-year-old named Jean LeRoy came for his regular evening swim in the 25-metre pool. When people are drowning, they don’t usually shout and _____21_____ in the way it happens on television. Most people drown quite _____22_____, with the person quickly sinking beneath the water. On the evening, LeRoy was testing how far he could swim underwater _____23_____ one breath. At some moment, as he was doing this, he became unconscious. _____24_____ he tried he couldn’t breathe. He sank to the bottom of the pool. LeRoy was drowning. Luckily for him, the swimming pool was ____25____ with an electronic surveillance system called Poseidon. Although the human lifeguards had not noticed, 12 large machine eyes deep underwater were watching the whole thing. Poseidon has underwater cameras which _____26_____ people as they swim. The cameras are connected to a computer. It is _____27_____ to recognize _____28_____ a swimmer is not moving normally. The lifeguards at the Ancenis pool were wearing a special device that _____29_____ when the computer detected a possible problem. Sixteen seconds after Poseidon noticed LeRoy’s body, the lifeguards had pulled him out of the pool. He started breathing again. After one night in hospital, he was sent home completely _____30_____. Poseidon had saved his life. Machines like Poseidon completely change how we live. Think of your life before the answering machine was invented. Think of your grandparents’ lives before the television and the airplane were introduced. The change will be just as great. It is _____31_____ happening. Soon, machines will recognize our faces and our fingerprints. They will _____32_____ for drowning people, for ____33____ carrying bombs, for speeding drivers and heart patients. Imagine devices that monitor a baby’s breathing and track children as they go to and from school. Imagine machines _____34_____ quiet signals to nearby computers, which will send information to your doctor, your lawyer, and the local police. As time passes, more and more of our lives will be _____35_____ by machines. They will know all about us. 21. A. splash B. cry C. yell D. scream 22. A. soon B. quietly C. silently D. simply 23. A. in B. within C. over D. on 24. A. No matter how B. However C. Whoever D. Whatever 25. A. established B. installed C. set D. equipped 26. A. show B. film C. propagate D. outline 27. A. postulated B. made C. programmed D. relayed 28. A. whether B. when C. while D. if 29. A. alarmed B. beeped C. warned D. alerted 30. A. healthy B. normal C. safe D. well 31. A. always B. merely C. readily D. already 32. A. watch out B. take care C. look back D. go over 33. A. terrorists B. invalids C. senators D. tyrants 34. A. will send B. to send C. send D. sending 35. A. recorded B. checked C. monitored D. supervised 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Albert Einstein, who is perhaps the greatest scientist in modern physics, is often considered one of the smartest men who ever lived. He made numerous ___36___ (contribution) to the world, the most well-known ___37___ (be) the general theory of relativity and the famous formula E=mc2. Einstein was not only a genius; he was a ___38___ (courage) and kind figure loved by many people. This gentle genius was born in Germany on 14 March 1879. When he was 16, he tried to enter university in Switzerland, but failed due to his low scores in the general part of the entrance exam, ___39___ obtaining exceptional scores in maths and physics. After studying for another year, he managed to pass the exam, ___40___ (enter) university in 1896 and graduating in 1900. After two years of looking for work as a teacher, Einstein took a job as a clerk in the Swiss patent office. While working there, out of a strong passion for knowledge, he continued to study, earning a doctorate in physics in 1905. That same year, ___41___ was later recorded as a miracle year in science, he published four extraordinary physics papers. Following this, he ___42___ (gradual) became famous throughout the world as the new Isaac Newton. After four years, he was able to quit his job at the patent office and enter research full-time at a university. In 1922, he ___43___ (award) the 1921 Nobel Prize for Physics for his ___44___ (explain) of the photoelectric effect. To the public, he was seen as a slightly odd-looking but kind and funny man. He had a thick moustache and long white hair, which sometimes stood on end as though he had just received ____45____ electric shock. On 18 April 1955, it was reported that Einstein had passed away, and the whole world mourned the great loss of a brilliant scientist 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假如你是李华，上周游览了家附近新开的城市公园并在朋友圈发了照片。你的新西兰好友Peter看到后很感兴趣，想了解更多信息。请你写封邮件向他介绍该公园。内容要点包括： 1. 公园名字和位置。 2. 休闲活动。 注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Peter, _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Recently, my work has been incredibly overwhelming — the constant deadlines, endless meetings, and high expectations are really wearing me down, making me lost in life. It’s hard to quiet my mind to focus on anything else. I knew I needed to find a way to manage these emotions before things got worse. I decided to go hiking in a forest near my city to escape from all those that stressed me. I packed my backpack carefully, making sure I had everything I needed — water, some snacks, and sunscreen to protect my skin from the sun. With everything prepared, I set off, ready for a little adventure. The forest was more beautiful than I had imagined. Tall, ancient trees stretched high above me, their leaves forming a green roof that let in patches of sunlight. Colorful wildflowers dotted the ground, and the air smelled fresh and earthy. Birds sang sweetly from the branches, and the sound of rustling leaves made the forest feel alive. The peacefulness of nature calmed me down. I followed a narrow, winding path with fewer hikers, enjoying every moment. The deeper I went, the more magical everything seemed. I was so busy looking at the trees and listening to the birds that I didn’t pay attention to where I was going. Suddenly, I stopped. The trees around me looked strange — different from the ones I had passed earlier. My heart skipped a beat. Obviously, I was lost in nature, just like I was in my life. The sun was beginning to set painting the sky in shades of orange and pink. I knew I had to find my way back before it got dark. I tried to remember which direction I had come from, but the forest was like a giant maze (迷宫). Every path I took seemed to lead me in circles. The trees all looked the same. 注意： (1) 续写词数应为150 个左右； (2) 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 As it was becoming dark, I realized how serious my situation was. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Just as I was feeling hopeless, I spotted a faint (微弱的) light in the distance. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $