内容正文:
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阅读理解-阅读单选59
试题基本信息
。题型:阅读理解阅读单选
·文章主题:社会问题与社会现象(网络社交)
·考查重点:写作手法判断、推理判断、主旨归纳
材料剖析
·文章结构:第一段通过个人经历引出群聊时代主题;第二段分析群聊的双面性(归属感与
压力);第三段探讨群聊作为关系维护方式的本质。
。核心观点:群聊提供归属感但带来负担,归属感需要努力,这是人际关系的本质。
阅读理解短文
I love a group text-a grext,if you'll permit me-but lately,the huge number of them
competing for my attention has felt out of control.By the time I wake up,the notifications have
already started rolling in;as I'm going to bed,they're still coming.In between,I try to keep
up,but all it takes is one 30-minute meeting before I've somehow gotten 100 new messages.I
scroll up and up,trying to find where I left off,like I've lost my place in a book that keeps getting
longer.For better or for worse,we might be in the Age of the Group Chat.One study found that
less than 2 percent of participants had only one-on-one chats on social media.42 percent said that
group chats can feel like a part-time job.Other studies have found that group chats can contribute
to group bond and shared fun.A group text can be like a reminder that you're part of something.
Some researchers call this "ambient virtual presence":Even when you're alone,you're not
alone.This is like bats and dolphins producing a continuous sound and use the resulting echo(
to sense what's around them.But taking in too many signals can create a "waterfall type of
effect,"where messages keep flooding in and adding up.Eventually,you're underwater.Adding
to the disorder,without a standard rule,people have very different ideas about group norm and
what degree of responsiveness is required-which can cause real tension.Fear of that tension can
make wordless or even leaving a chat feel dispiriting.And anyway,you might not want to miss
out.The desire isn't to exit the room so much as to break a window.If group messaging is like
echolocation,then disconnecting means lost.Ultimately,most of us do want connection,even if it
involves some duties;we'll take quantities of messages when we're busy if it means we can reach
out when we're hurting.A general advice is to give up grexts that are carrying on but that don'
t really interest you.But when you can't,you'll just have to accept that belonging takes some
effort.That's the nature of relationships,right?
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题目列表
1.28.The author uses his experience in Paragraph 1 to
A.introduce the topic B.predict the ending C.highlight an opinion
D.illustrate an
argument
2.29.What can be inferred from Paragraph 2?
A.Lonely people prefer group chats.B.Bats and dolphins have group chats.
C.Group chats offer a sense of belonging.D.Group chats create a few part-time jobs
3.30.What does the writer intend to tell us?
A.Group chat needs a standard rule.B.Group chat gives us more fear than joy
C.Group chat helps promote strong connection.D.Group chat is just a way to maintain
relationships.
核心词汇详解
1.ambient
核心词性
形容词(adj.,高频核心):周围的;环境的(强调围绕在某物周围的状态)
常用搭配:ambient light(环境光)、ambient virtual presence(周围虚拟存
在感)
词性转换
名词:ambience(氛围;环境气氛)
例:a relazing ambience(轻松的氛围)
高频搭配
ambient virtual presence(周围虚拟存在感)、ambient sound(环境声音)
易混辨析
ambient vs surrounding:ambient强调“弥漫于周围的、无形的环境
特征”;surrounding侧重“具体的、围绕在周围的事物”,常用复数形式
surroundings表示“周围环境”。
2.echolocation
核心词性
名词(.,高频核心):回声定位(动物通过发出声音并接收回声来感知周围
环境的能力)
例:Bats use echolocation to find food..(蝙蝠用回声定位寻找食物)
词性转换
动词:echolocate(动物)用回声定位)
例:Dolphins echolocate to navigate.(海豚用回声定位导航)
高频搭配
use echolocation(使用回声定位)
易混辨析
echolocation vs location:echolocation特指“生物通过回声实现的定位
能力”,是生物学专业术语;location泛指“位置:定位”,侧重具体地点或
确定位置的行为。
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3.dispiriting
核心词性
形容词(adj.,高频核心):令人沮丧的;使人气馁的(强调让人失去信心或
动力)
例:The news was dispiriting.(这消息令人沮丧)
词性转换
动词:dispirit(使沮丧;使气馁)、名词:dispiritedness(沮丧;气馁)
例:The failure dispirited him.(失败让他气馁)
高频搭配
feel dispiriting(感到沮丧)
易混辨析
dispiriting vs depressing:dispiriting侧重“使人失去行动动力或信心”;
depressing侧重“引起悲伤或消沉的情绪”,程度更深,常与负面环境或长期
状态相关。
4.quantity
核心词性
名词(n,高频核心):数量;量(尤指可测量的量):数额:数目
常用搭配:a quantity of/quantities of(大量的)
例:The quantity of goods is limited.(商品数量有限)
词性转换
形容词:quantitative(数量的;定量的)、动词:quantify(量化;确定数
量)
例:quantitative analysis(定量分析)
高频搭配
quantities of messages(大量消息)、a large quantity of(大量的)
易混辨析
quantity vs number:quantity用于修饰不可数名词,强调“量”;number
用于修饰可数名词复数,强调“数”,例a large number of people(许多人)。
5.responsiveness
核心词性
名词(.,高频核心):响应能力;反应速度(对他人需求或情况的回应程度)
例:The company improved its customer responsiveness..(公司提升了客户
响应能力)
词性转换
形容词:
responsive(反应迅速的;易响应的)、动词:respond(回应;反
应)
例:a responsive teacher(反应敏捷的老师)
高频搭配
degree of responsiveness(响应程度)
易混辨析
responsiveness vs response:responsiveness
侧重“回应的能力或性
质”(抽象名词);response侧重“具体的回应行为或内容”(可数名词),
例give a quick response(迅速▣应)。
6.tension
核心词性
名词(,高频核心):紧张;紧张关系(人与人或群体间的矛盾状态);张
力:拉力(物理学术语)
例:political tension(政治紧张局势)
词性转换
形容词:tense(紧张的;拉紧的)
例:a tense atmosphere(紧张的气氛)
高频搭配
cause real tension(造成真正的紧张)
易混辨析
tension vs stress:
tension侧重“人际关系或局势的紧张状态”:stress侧
重“个人因压力产生的精神或身体负担”,例work stress(工作压力)。
7.waterfall type of effect
核心词性
名词短语(.,高频核心):瀑布式效应(消息或信息像瀑布一样持续涌入、
累积的状态)
例:the waterfall type of effect in group chats(群聊中的瀑布式效应》
词性转换
无直接词性转换,需理解比喻义:waterfall(n.瀑布)+type of effect(…
类型的效应),整体为比喻性短语。
高频搭配
create a waterfall type of effect(产生瀑布式效应)
易混辨析
无直接易混词,需注意其比喻用法,指“信息持续大量涌入的累积效果”。
8.belonging
核心词性
名词(,高频核心):归属感;隶属感(感觉自己是群体一部分的情感)
例:a sense of belonging(归属感)
词性转换
动词:belong(属于;应归入)
例:belong to(属于)
高频搭配
accept that belonging takes some effort(接受归属感需要付出努力)、sense
of belonging(归属感)
易混辨析
belonging vs ownership:belonging侧重“情感上的归属”;ownership
侧重“法律上的所有权”,例ownership of the house(房子的所有权)。
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9.participant
核心词性
名词(n,高频核心):参与者;参加者(参与活动或研究的人)
例:participants in the study(研究参与者)
词性转换
动词:participate(参加;参与)、形容词:participatory(参与式的)
例:participate in(参与)
高频搭配
study participants(研究参与者)
易混辨析
无易混词,注意拼写正确,避免漏写“”。
10.ambient virtual presence
核心词性
名词短语(,高频核心):周围虚拟存在感(即使独处时,通过群聊等虚拟
方式仍感觉处于群体中的状态)
例:Group chats provide ambient virtual presence.(群聊提供周围虚拟存在
感)
词性转换
无直接词性转换,需拆分理解:ambient(周围的)+virtual(虚拟的)+
presence(存在)。
高频搭配
researchers call this ambient virtual presence(研究者称之为周围虚拟存在
感)
易混辨析
无直接易混词,需理解其在语境中特指“虚拟社交中的群体存在感”。
答案与逐题解析
正确答案:28-30ACD
1.28.A (introduce the topic)
考点:写作手法判断
语境逻辑:第一段描述作者被大量群聊消息淹没的个人经历,如“早上醒来通知就开始涌入”“30
分钟会议后收到100条新消息”,通过具体场景引出“群聊时代”这一主题。
选项辨析:后文第二段明确提出“we might be in the Age of the Group Chat”,可见第一段的
个人经历是为了自然引入话题。B(预测结局)、C(强调观点)、D(阐释论点)均不符合,此
时论点尚未提出。
2.29.C (Group chats offer a sense of belonging.)
考点:推理判断
语境逻辑:第二段提到“A group text can be like a reminder that you're part of something”(群
聊提醒你属于某个群体),“ambient virtual presence:Even when you're alone,,you're not
alone”(虚拟在场感:即使独处也不孤单),可推断群聊提供归属感。
选项辨析:A(孤独的人更喜欢群聊)无原文依据;B(蝙蝠和海豚有群聊)是对“like bats and
dolphins”比喻的曲解;D(群聊创造兼职工作)与“42 percent said that group chats can feel
like a part-time job”(感觉像兼职,非实际创造工作)不符。
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3.30.D (Group chat is just a way to maintain relationships.)
考点:主旨归纳
语境逻辑:最后一段提到“belonging takes some effort.That's the nature of relationships”(归
属感需要努力,这是人际关系的本质),且前文强调“most of us do want connection..we'l
take quantities of messages.when we're hurting”(为了连接愿意承受消息负担),可知作者
认为群聊是维持关系的一种方式,需要付出努力。
选项辨析:A(群聊需要标准规则)是细节问题,非核心观点;B(群聊恐惧多于快乐)与“ost
of us do want connection”(渴望连接)相悖;C(群聊促进强连接)以偏概全,作者承认群聊
有负担,强调其作为关系维持方式的本质。