阅读理解53-北京市部分地区近两年（2024-2025）高三英语期末真题汇编

2 阅读理解-阅读单选53 试题基本信息 。题型：阅读理解-阅读单选（约450词) 。 核心知识点：哲理感悟、记叙文、个人经历 ·考查重点：细节理解、情感态度、主旨大意、推理判断 材料剖析 故事发展线索：作者因职业目标决定参加即兴表演课→学习即兴表演核心概念”yes,and” 并初次实践→通过长期训练逐渐适应并提升能力→将”ves,and”理念应用于科研实验 →获得重要发现并总结科研启示 ·感情发展线索：最初因内向恐惧而纠结→初次实践时内心矛盾挣扎→训练过程中逐渐 变得舒适享受→面对实验异常数据时从曾有的沮丧到积极探索→最终因新发现感到兴 奋并领悟主旨 3 阅读理解短文 When I first heard about the improv(即兴表演)classes,I was torn.As an introvert,I feared getting on stage and improvising in front of strangers.However,I knew I wanted to work as a science communicator after finishing my Ph.D.,so it seemed like the perfect opportunity to improve my speaking ability and gain confidence thinking on my feet. During our first class,we learned a core concept of improv:"yes,and."It means that,as improvisers,we accept what fellow performers say.If someone says that rhinos()are librarians,for example,then rhinos are librarians.We do not question the logic;we say "yes" and continue with the scene as if no him is wrong. I got a taste of how difficult that was when acting out my first scene.My classmate turned to me and said,"Mom is going to be so mad."Mad about what?My mind spun out ideas, and my inner critic shot them all down.We broke the car?No,that's too easy.We failed a test?No,you don't want your classmates thinking you're stupid on the first day.I finally landed on an answer:"Yes,we're going to be late for dinner."The scene proceeded from there,and we eventually finished as two sisters who lost their way on a hiking trail. The first few scenes were hard,but as weeks turned into months,I became more comfortable thinking on my feet and even started to enjoy our classes.I never silenced my inner critic entirely,but over time,I didn't police my words with quite so much effort.I also became better at listening,relating to my conversation partners.and communicating clearly in the moment. That training proved useful 6 months ago,when my experiments generated unreasonable data.Early on in graduate school,I would get stuck when this happened;my inner critic would assume I had made a mistake.But then,after embracing the "yes,and"concept, instead of getting discouraged,I kept exploring the data and ended up identifying a new type of cell-one that wasn't behaving as expected.If I hadn't accepted the possibility that the results were real,I would have missed out on the most exciting finding of my Ph.D.so far. All scientists can benefit from this lesson.If the data say rhinos are librarians.then it's worth investigating whether rhinos are,in fact,librarians.Our job as scientists isn't to generate data that support a preconceived(预想的)story.Our job is to say"yes,and.” 题目选项 1.Why did the author take the improv classes? A.To improve her logical mind. B.To finish her Ph.D.assignment. C.To develop her communication skills D.To pursue her interest in performance. 2.How did the author feel during the first scene? A.Conflicted. 4 B.Bored. C.Discouraged. D.Embarrassed. 3.According to the author,in her experiments,"yes,and"helped her A.accept failures B.make a new discovery C.make up for a mistake D.correct unreasonable data 4.What can we learn from this passage? A.The unknown can be an inspiration. B.The unexpected can be rewarding. C.The unfortunate can be a chance. D.The unusual can be decisive. 核心词汇详解 1.improv 核心词性 名词(.，高频核心)：核心含义是”即兴表演；即兴创作”（艺术领域专用 术语) 例：improv classes（即兴表演课)；improve one's improu skills（提升即兴 表演能力) 词性转换 动词：improvise(即兴创作；临时准备) 名词：improvisation(即兴表演) 形容词：improvisational(即兴的) 高频搭配 improv comedy(即兴喜剧)、improv theater(即兴剧场) 2.introvert 核心词性 名词(，高频核心)：核心含义是”性格内向的人；内敛者”（心理学/性格 描述专用词) 例：As an introvert,I feared getting on stage.（作为内向者，我害怕上台) 词性转换 形容词：introverted(内向的) 名词：introversion(内向性格) 高频搭配 social introvert(社交内向者)、introvert personality(内向人格) 易混辨析 introvert vs extrovert:前者”内向”，后者”外向” 5 3.communicator 核心词性 名词(.，高频核心)：核心含义是”交流者；传播者”（抽象职业/身份名词） 例：science communicator（科学传播者)、effective communicator（高效沟 通者) 词性转换 动词： communicate(交流；沟通) 名词：communication(交流；通信) 高频搭配 professional communicator(专业沟通者)、mass communicator(大众传播 者) 4.critic 核心词性 名词(，高频核心)：核心含义一是”批评家；评论家”；二是”内心的自我 批判声”（抽象含义） 例：inner critic（内心的批判声音)：film critic（影评人) 词性转换 形容词：critical(批判的；关键的) 动词：criticize(批评) 名词：criticism(批评) 高频搭配 harsh critic(严厉的批评者)、self-critic(自我批评) 5.identify 核心词性 动词（v,高频核心)：核心含义一是”确认；识别；发现”（科研场景） 例：identify a new type of cell(发现一种新型细胞) 词性转换 名词：identification(识别；身份证明) 形容词：identifiable(可识别的) 高频搭配 identify with(认同)、identify the problem(识别问题) 6.preconceived 核心词性 形容词(ad山j,高频核心)：核心含义是”预想的；先入为主的” 例：preconceived story（预想的情节)、preconceived ideas(先入为主的观念) 词性转换 动词：preconceive(预想) 名词：preconception(先入之见) 高频搭配 preconceived notion(先入为主的观念)、preconceived opinion(预想的观点) 6 7.generate 核心词性 动词(v,高频核心)：核心含义一是”产生；生成”（数据/结果等） 例：generate data（生成数据)、generate electricity（发电) 词性转换 名词：generation(产生；一代) 形容词：generative(有生产能力的) 高频搭配 generate interest(引发兴趣)、generate profits(产生利润) 8.investigate 核心词性 动词(v,高频核心)：核心含义是”调查；研究：探究”（科研场景） 例：investigate the cause（调查原因)、investigate whether..（探究是否… 词性转换 名词：investigation(调查) 形容词：investigative(调查的) 高频搭配 investigate thoroughly(彻底调查)、scientific investigation(科学调查) 答案与逐题解析 正确答案：24-27CABB 1.C (To develop her communication skills.) 考点：细节理解题 语境：第一段提到so it seemed like the perfect opportunity to improve my speaking ability and gain confidence thinking on my feet'”,明确说明作者参加即兴表演课是为了提升说话能力和即 兴思考的自信，即发展沟通技能。 辨析：A项”逻辑思维”在文中未提及；B项”完成博士作业”与原文”wanted to work as a science communicator after finishing my Ph.D.”不符；D项”追求表演兴趣”与作者”as an introvert,I feared getting on stage”矛盾。只有C项符合"improve my speaking ability”的表述。 2.A (Conflicted.) 考点：情感态度题 语境：第三段描述第一次场景时，作者”Mad about what?My mind spun out ideas,.and my inner critic shot them all down”,内心不断产生想法又自我否定，体现出矛盾纠结的状态。 辨析：B项”无聊”、C项”气馁”、D项”尴尬”均未体现；”mind spun out ideas...shot them all down'”表明内心的冲突，A项"Conflicted”(矛盾的)符合语境。 3.B (make a new discovery) 考点：细节理解题 语境：第五段提到"ended up identifying a new type of cell..the most exciting finding of my Ph.D.so far'”,说明”yes,and”帮助作者发现了新细胞。 辨析：A项”接受失败”与”instead of getting discouraged,I kept exploring'”不符：C项”弥补 错误”、D项”纠正不合理数据”与原文”accepted the possibility that the results were real'”矛 盾。B项”make a new discovery”是”identifying a new type of cell'”的同义替换。 4.B (The unexpected can be rewarding.) 考点：主旨大意题 语境：全文通过即兴表演的”yes,and”理念，引出科学研究中接受意外数据的重要性，最终带 来"the most exciting finding?”,强调意外情况的价值。 辨析：A项”未知是灵感”侧重创造性，原文强调接受意外结果；C项”不幸是机会”中的”不 幸”不准确，数据异常并非不幸；D项”不寻常是决定性的”过于绝对。B项”意外情况可能有 回报”符合”unreasonable data→new discovery”的逻辑，与”yes,and”接受意外并从中获益的 核心一致。