阅读理解48-北京市部分地区近两年（2024-2025）高三英语期末真题汇编

1 阅读理解-阅读单选48 试题基本信息 。题型：阅读理解（阅读单选/选择4题，全文约420词） 。核心知识点：职业内容、记叙文 ·考查重点：细节理解、人物性格推断、语境逻辑 材料剖析 。文章类型：记叙文（人物职业故事) ·主要内容：介绍纽约喷气机队首位全职营养师Nici Mense的职业经历、工作内容、面临 的挑战以及她对专业的态度 ·文章结构：第一段介绍职业背景；第二段描述工作安排；第三段阐述工作挑战；第四段展 示专业态度；第五段总结专业贡献 。主旨大意：营养对运动员表现、恢复和长期健康的重要性，以及专业营养师的职业价值 阅读理解短文 Nici Mense,the New York Jets'first full-time dietitian,faces the demanding task of managing the daily nutritional needs of professional athletes.Recently,she has successfully completed her seventh season with the team.Properly fueling players so that they feel the difference in their performance is something she learned while playing soccer at university."I found soccer to be more demanding on my body than I had expected,and I needed to maintain my energy through proper nutrition to match my performance on the field,"she said."This realization changed my perspective.I've always loved sports and food,so combining the two made the most sense." Mense joined the New York Jets and has stayed in tune with the team's schedule."My hours vary from time to time,"she said."It's the busiest during training camp through the end of the season.We will work seven days a week unless it's our bye week,when we don't play a game during the season.We ensure players fuel properly before,during and after practice.They receive recovery shakes,snacks and fruit for post-practice recovery.While they are in training throughout the day, that's my time to plan for the weeks ahead." Occasionally,athletes need a warm-up period when working with a dietitian."It can be quite challenging to prove that dietitians are here to help them and that we are not the food police,"said Mense."There are times when a player doesn't listen to the education and injures themselves.But it's always so awesome to see when it works for them."Nevertheless,Mense feels fulfilled in her role and continues to push the athletes,knowing that nutrition is key to fueling performance,recovery and long-term health. 2 Mense describes herself as "obsessed"with her field,constantly evolving and gaining knowledge. "If I am the same dietitian three years from now,then I am doing something wrong,"she declared. "The more open-minded I am,and the more I am able to learn as a professional,the better I can help athletes with their goals." By staying at the forefront of her field,Mense provides athletes with essential nutrition strate- gies to support their performance,recovery,and long-term health.With her dedication and exper- tise,it's clear that professional athletes are truly eating their way to victory. 题目选项列表 1.24.What motivated Nici Mense to choose her career? A.Her urge to make life changes. B.Her experience of playing soccer. C.Her admiration for athletes'spirits D.Her dream of being a professional athlete. 2.25.What can we learn about Nici Mense? A.She keeps her professional knowledge updated. B.Her priority is to provide post-game recovery meals. C.She works seven days a week during the season period. D.Her working hours are fixed throughout the entire season 3.26.Nici Mense sometimes finds it hard to work with athletes because they A.put their personal interests first B.complain about their unhealthy diet C.disagree about their training schedule D.doubt the role of a dietitian in their team 4.27.Which words can best describe Nici Mense? A.Determined and generous. B.Humble and innovative. C.Talkative and open-minded. D.Enthusiastic and committed. 3 核心词汇详解 1.nutritional 核心词性 形容词(adj,高频核心)：核心含义是”营养的；与营养相关的”，用于描 述与食物营养成分或营养学相关的事物，例nutritional needs(营养需求)、 nutritional strategies(营养策略) 名词(n.,高中拓展)：核心含义是”营养”，为抽象不可数名词，例a balanced nutritional(均衡的营养)，注意该词性在高中阶段使用频率低于形容词 词性转换 名词：nutrition,核心含义是”营养；营养学”，高考常用搭配是proper nutrition（合理营养)、human nutrition(人类营养学) 副词：nutritionally,核心含义是”在营养方面”，例nutritionally balanced meals(营养均衡的膳食) 动词：utrify,核心含义是”给…增加营养”，高中阶段为超纲词汇，了解 即可 高频搭配 形容词nutritional的搭配：nutritional needs(营养需求)、nutritional value (营养价值)、nutritional support(营养支持、nutritional intake(营养摄入) 名词nutrition的搭配：adequate nutrition(充足营养)、nutrition and health (营养与健康)、sports nutrition(运动营养学) 易混辨析 nutritional(adj)vs nutritious(adj.):nutritional侧重”与营养相关 的、属于营养学范畴的”，如nutritional research(营养学研究)；nutritious 侧重”（食物）有营养的、富含营养的”，如a nutritious meal(一顿有营养 的饭) nutrition(n.)vs nutrient(n.):nutrition指抽象概念”营养”或学科” 营养学”；nutrient指具体的”营养物质；营养素”，如essential nutrients(必 需营养素) 2.recovery 核心词性 名词（.，高频核心)：核心含义一是”恢复；康复”（指身体或健康状态的 恢复)，常用搭配recovery from illness(病后康复)；二是”复苏；回升”（指 经济、市场等)，例economic recovery(经济复苏)：三是”找回：收回”（指 丢失物品或权利)，例recovery of stolen goods(赃物追回) 动词(v.,高中略考)：核心含义是”恢复：重新获得”，正式用词，例The company recovered its losses quickly..(公司迅速挽▣了损失) 词性转换 动词：ecover,核心含义是”恢复（健康、意识等）：找回；弥补”，高考常 用搭配是recover from（从…中恢复)、recover oneself(恢复镇定) 形容词：recoverable,核心含义是”可恢复的；可回收的”，例recoverable resources(可回收资源) 形容词：recovered,核心含义是”已恢复的；康复的”，例a recovered patient (康复的病人) 高频搭配 名词recovery的搭配：full recovery(完全康复)、recovery period(恢复期) recovery rate(恢复率)、post-practice recovery(训练后恢复) 动词recover的搭配：recover from injury(受伤后康复)、recover consciousness (恢复意识)、recover losses(弥补损失) 易混辨析 recovery(n.)vs restoration(n.):recovery侧重”身体、健康或状态 的自然恢复过程”；restoration侧重”通过人工千预使某物恢复到原来状态”， 如restoration of old buildings(古建筑修复) recover(v.)vs regain(v,):recover强调”从疾病、挫折中恢复”或”失 而复得”，如recover strength(恢复体力)：regain强调”重新获得失去的东 西或状态”，更侧重动作本身，如regain confidence(重拾信心) 5 3.perspective 核心词性 名词(n.,高频核心)：核心含义一是”观点；看法”（强调个人视角），常用 搭配from one's perspective(从某人的角度看)；二是”视角；透视法”（指 绘画或视觉上的空间感)，例linear perspective(线性透视)；三是”远景；景 观”，例a beautiful perspective of the valley(山谷的美丽景色) 词性转换 形容词：perspective,核心含义是”透视的；有远景的”，该词性在高中阶段 较少见，例a perspective drawing(透视图) 副词：perspectively,核心含义是”透视地；从不同角度地”，高中超纲词汇， 了解即可 高频搭配 名词perspective的搭配：from a historical perspective(从历史角度)、broaden one's perspective(开阔某人的视野)、different perspectives(不同观点)、right perspective(正确的看法) 易混辨析 perspective(n.)vs view(n.):perspective强调”观察问题的视角、观 点”，更具深度和客观性；view泛指”看法、意见”，主观性较强，如inmy view(在我看来) perspective vs outlook(n.):perspective侧重”对事物的具体看法或分 析角度”；outlook侧重”对未来的展望、世界观”，如positive outlook on life (积极的人生观) 6 4.evolving 核心词性 动词(v,高频核心，现在分词形式)：核心含义是”（使）逐渐发展；（使） 进化；（使）演变”，强调过程的渐进性，常用搭配evolve from(从…进化 而来)、evolve into(发展成为) 形容词(adj.,高中略考)：核心含义是”不断发展的：进化的”，例an evolving society(不断发展的社会) 词性转换 动词：evolve,核心含义是”进化；发展；逐步形成”，高考常用搭配是evolve over time(随着时间发展)、biological evolution(生物进化) 名词：evolution,核心含义是”进化；演变；发展”，高考核心词汇，常用搭 配theory of evolution(进化论) 形容词：evolutionary,核心含义是”进化的；演变的”，例evolutionary biology (进化生物学) 高频搭配 动词evolve的搭配：evolve new methods（开发新方法)、evolve from.to .(从…发展到…)、evolve as(逐渐成为) 名词evolution的搭配：the evolution of language(语言的演变)、cultural evolution(文化进化)、technological evolution(技术发展) 易混辨析 evolve(v.)vs develop(v.):evolve侧重”自然的、缓慢的进化或演变”， 尤其用于生物、语言等领域：develop侧重”人为的、有目的的发展、开发”， 如develop a new product(研发新产品) evolving(adj.)vs developing(adj.):evolving强调”处于不断变化、 进化的过程中”，可修饰抽象事物（如ideas);developing侧重”（国家、地 区)发展中的”，如developing countries(发展中国家) 5.forefront 核心词性 名词(，高频核心)：核心含义是”最前列：前沿；领先地位”，常用搭配 at the forefront of(在…的最前沿；处于…的领先地位)，为固定短语， 无复数形式 词性转换 该词无常见词性转换，重点掌握名词用法及固定搭配 高频搭配 名词forefront的搭配：at the forefront of research(在研究前沿)、at the forefront of technology(在技术领先地位)、remain at the forefront(保持领 先地位) 易混辨析 forefront(n.)vs frontline(n.):forefront侧重”抽象的前沿领域、领先 地位”，如scientific forefront(科学前沿)；frontline侧重”具体的前线、第 线”，如medical frontline(医疗前线) forefront vs leading position(n.):forefront为固定搭配at the forefront of,更具书面性；leading position意为”领先地位”，搭配in a leading position (处于领先地位)，更口语化 7 答案与逐题解析 正确答案：24-27BADD 1.24.B 考点：细节理解题 语境：文中提到I found soccer to be more demanding on my body than I had expected,andI needed to maintain my energy through proper nutrition to match my performance on the field... This realization changed my perspective.I've always loved sports and food,so combining the two made the most sense.”可知，她在大学踢足球的经历让她意识到营养对运动表现的重要性， 从而促使她选择该职业。 辨析：A选项”改变生活的渴望”文中未提及；C选项”对运动员精神的饮佩”无相关内容；D 选项”成为职业运动员的梦想”与原文不符，她是运动员饮食专家，并非想成为运动员。只有B 选项符合语境。 2.25.A 考点：细节理解题 语境：文中Mense说"If I am the same dietitian three years from now,then I am doing something wrong...The more open-minded I am,and the more I am able to learn as a professional,the better I can help athletes with their goals.”表明她认为自己需要不断学习，保持专业知识的更 新。 辨析：B选项”优先提供赛后恢复餐”错误，文中提到before,.during and after practice”都 要确保营养，并非仅赛后；C选项”赛季期间每周工作七天”错误，原文是”unless it's our bye week”,即bye week不工作；D选项”工作时间整个赛季固定”错误，文中”My hours vary from time to time”表明时间不固定。只有A选项正确。 3.26.D 考点：细节理解题 语境：文中提到"It can be quite challenging to prove that dietitians are here to help them and that we are not the food police'”,说明运动员可能怀疑营养师的作用，认为他们是”食物警察”， 即质疑营养师在团队中的角色。 辨析：A选项”优先考虑个人兴趣”、B选项”抱怨不健康饮食”、C选项”不同意训练计划”文 中均未提及。只有D选项”怀疑营养师的角色”符合语境。 4.27.D 考点：人物性格推断题 语境：文中"obsessed with her field,constantly evolving and gaining knowledge'"dedication and expertise”体现了她对工作的热情(enthusiastic)和投入(committed)。 辨析：A选项”坚定且慷慨”，”慷慨”未体现；B选项”谦逊且创新”，”谦逊”文中无相关描 述；C选项”健谈且思想开放”，”健谈”不准确，文中是她表达自己的观点，并非健谈。D选 项”热情且投入”最能概括她的性格。