阅读理解42-北京市部分地区近两年（2024-2025）高三英语期末真题汇编

2 阅读理解-阅读单选42 试题基本信息 。题型：阅读理解-阅读单选 核心知识点：美术与摄影、广告/布告、应用文 ·考查重点：细节理解、信息筛选、语境分析 材料剖析 ·第一段：宣布“2025年减少灾害风险青年摄影挑战赛”启动，说明参赛对象为青年和业 余摄影师，以及挑战赛的目的是通过展示入选照片增进对气候危机韧性的理解并提升全 球青年声音。 。 第二段：明确挑战赛主题围绕热浪、野火、洪水的影响，鼓励记录个人、社区和国家应对 气候挑战的解决方案、预防措施及机制，反映逆境中的创新与适应。 ·第三段：阐述照片评选的四个标准，包括与主题的相关性、影响力与叙事性、创意与原创 性、技术质量，并分别说明各标准的具体评估内容。 。 第四段：列出提交指南，包括提交截止日期、入选照片公布日期、提交方式及材料要求， 同时要求参与者确认作品原创性并获得必要许可。 阅读理解短文 We are pleased to announce the launch of the "2025 Youth Photo Challenge for Disaster Risk Reduction "Young and amateur photographers are invited to participate by sharing their best photos.The top 10 selected photos will be exhibited and featured in UN communication materials,which will foster a greater understanding and appreciation of resilience in the face of climate emergency,and to increase the voices of youth globally. Theme The theme centers on the impact of heat waves,wildfires,and floods.In particular,we en- courage participants to: Record solutions,prevention measures,and mechanisms adopted by individuals,local commu- nities,and national authorities to tackle these climate challenges. Reflect innovation and adaptation in the face of adversity. Evaluation criteria Photos will be evaluated based on four criteria: Relevance to theme:This criterion assesses how effectively the photograph captures the impact of heat waves,wildfires,and floods,as well as the response mechanisms employed to address these challenges. Impact and storytelling:This criterion evaluates the emotional strength of the photograph. Special consideration will be given to photos that successfully tell stories of resilience and empow- erment. Creativity and originality:This criterion focuses on the uniqueness of the perspective and the innovative reflection of the themes. Technical quality:This criterion examines the technical aspects of the photograph,including composition and overall visual appeal. Submission guidelines Submission deadline:15 September 2025 Announcement of selected photos:The top 10 photos will be announced on 13 October 2025, the International Day for Disaster Risk Reduction. Entries should be emailed to undrr-roeca@un.org with the subject line "Summer 2025 Photo Challenge Submission". Each submission must include:the photographer's full name and age;location of the photo and date;and brief description (50-100 words)explaining the photo's context and relevance to the theme. Participants must confirm the originality of their work and ensure they have obtained all necessary permissions for any identifiable individuals in the photos. 题目选项列表 21.What do we know about the Photo Challenge? A.It will display the best photographs. B.It mainly focuses on community efforts. C.It is open to professional photographers. D.It aims to work out solutions to disasters. 22.An entry is likely to be chosen if it A.reflects international relief efforts B.demonstrates the optimism of youth C.shows the appeal of advanced technology D.presents original viewpoints on climate crisis 23.What is one of the requirements for submission? A.Attaching a brief introduction. B.Sending the entry by 13 October. C.Completing an application form. D.Getting permission from the community. 4 核心词汇详解 1.resilience 核心词性 名词(，高频核心)：核心含义一是“恢复力：适应力”（尤指面对困境的 快速恢复能力)，文中指“在气候紧急情况下的适应力”；二是“弹力；弹 性”（物理概念，低频）。 词性转换 形容词：resilient,核心含义是“有韧性的：能适应的”，例resilient communities (有韧性的社区)。 动词：resile,核心含义是“弹回；恢复”（低频，多用于正式语境）。 高频搭配 build resilience(培养适应力)；climate resilience(气候适应力)；emotional resilience(情绪恢复力)。 易混辨析 resilience vs resistance:resilience侧重“面对压力后的恢复能力”；re- sistance侧重“抵抗、反抗的能力”（如resistance to disease抗病能力）。 2.criterion 核心词性 名词(，高频核心)：核心含义是“标准；准则”（判断或评价的依据，复 数形式为criteria),文中指“评选照片的标准”。 词性转换 形容词：criterial,核心含义是“标准的：准则的”（低频，多用于学术语境）。 高频搭配 evaluation criterion(评价标准)；selection criteria(选拔标准)；meet the criterion(符合标准)。 易混辨析 criterion vs standard:criterion侧重“特定领域或具体情况下的判断标 准”（如评分标准）；standard侧重“普遍认可的、常规的标准”（如moral standard道德标准)。 3.submission 核心词性 名词(，高频核心)：核心含义一是“提交；呈递”（文件、作品等的提交 行为)，文中指“参赛作品的提交”：二是“屈服；投降”（低频，正式语境）。 词性转换 动词：submit,核心含义是“提交；呈递”，常用搭配submit an application (提交申请)；submit to(屈服于)。 高频搭配 submission deadline(提交截止日期)；submission guidelines(提交指南)； entry submission(参赛作品提交)。 易混辨析 submission vs presentation:submission侧重“按要求正式提交某物”； presentation侧重“公开展示或演示某物”（如presentation of results成果 展示)。 5 4.originality 核心词性 名词(n,高频核心)：核心含义是“独创性；原创性”（思想、作品等的新 颖性)，文中指“照片的原创性”。 词性转换 形容词：original,核心含义一是“原创的；独创的”（例original idea原创 想法)：二是“原来的：最初的”（例original plan最初计划）。 副词：originally,核心含义是“最初；原本”。 名词：origin,核心含义是“起源；根源”（例origin of life生命起源）。 高频搭配 lack of originality(缺乏独创性)；value originality(重视原创性)；originality of work(作品原创性)。 易混辨析 originality vs creativity:originality侧重“前所未有的独特性”；creativity 侧重“创造新事物的能力”（范围更广，包含原创性）。 答案与逐题解析 正确答案：21-23ADA 21.A (It will display the best photographs.) 考点：细节理解题 语境：原文提到“The top 10 selected photos will be exhibited”,即“评选出的前l0张照片将 被展出”，与选项A“展示最佳照片”一致。 辨析：B项“主要关注社区努力”错误，主题虽包含社区措施，但核心是热浪、野火、洪水的影 响及应对，并非仅聚焦社区；C项“对专业摄影师开放”错误，原文明确“invited to participate by Young and amateur photographers”(仅限年轻和业余摄影师)；D项“旨在制定灾害解决方 案”错误，目的是“foster a greater understanding..and increase the voices of youth”(增进理 解和青年话语权)，而非直接解决灾害。 22.D (presents original viewpoints on climate crisis) 考点：细节理解题 语境：评价标准中“Creativity and originality:This criterion focuses on the uniqueness of the perspective'”(创意与原创性：关注视角的独特性)，与选项D“呈现对气候危机的原创观点”直 接对应。 辨析：A项“反映国际救援努力”未提及，原文强调个人、社区和国家层面的措施：B项“展 现青年乐观”非核心，主题围绕灾害影响与应对，未突出“乐观”；C项“展示先进技术的吸引 力”错误，技术质量仅为评价标准之一，且“先进技术”非重点。 23.A (Attaching a brief introduction.) 考点：细节理解题 语境：提交要求中提到“Each submission must include..brief description(50-lO0 words)ex- plaining the photo's context and relevance”(需包含50-l00字的简短描述)，即选项A“附上 简要介绍”。 辨析：B项“10月13日前提交”错误，截止日期为“15 September2025”;C项“填写申请 表”未提及；D项“获得社区许可”错误，要求是“obtained all necessary permissions for any 6 identifiable individuals'”(获得照片中可识别个人的许可)，而非社区。