阅读理解36-北京市部分地区近两年（2024-2025）高三英语期末真题汇编

1 阅读理解36 试题基本信息 。题型：阅读表达(5题，全文约400词) 。核心知识点：哲理感悟、个人经历 ·考查重点：细节理解、推理判断、观点表达 材料剖析 ·故事发展线索：接到研究项目兴奋→被要求写论文沮丧→测试结果不佳坚持尝试→获 得帮助并理解写作需反复修改→最终喜欢上写作 ·感情发展线索：兴奋→沮丧→坚持→领悟→欣然接受 阅读理解短文 When I got my first research project to work as an undergraduate,I was so excited that I could hardly think.My excitement,though,was soon cut short when my professor asked me to write a research paper on the project.My body tensed.Writing was the last thing I wanted to do. I hated writing in high school.It felt like wondering in a chaotic jungle,unsure where to reach next.My teachers would return my papers littered with red. In college,I studied engineering.I took comfort there,knowing objective truth could be found. The professor assigned me a project to improve the efficiency of an inductor )I spent weeks setting up a test for a new design.The results weren't good.I kept trying new designs,using the results to brainstorm ideas with researchers.Finally,we had one.I was overjoyed-until my professor told me to write that research paper. I knew I would need to spend time penning papers.In a panic,I asked a graduate student for help.We defined a goal,and I carefully wrote an outline.But when I asked him for feedback, I soon found the paper covered in red marks.The graduate student explained that red didn't mean I was a bad writer.Writing isn't a one-and-done thing.It requires revising your work,often several times.Suddenly it occurred to me,"Hadn't I done the same thing when I was searching for an efficient inductor design?"I kept refining the outline,eventually turning it into sentences and paragraphs,guided by feedback from others.My initial draft wasn't perfect.But with help,I was finally making my way through the jungle. From then on,writing became one of my favorite parts of research,and it still is today.It's a future I never could have imagined during my early struggles with English classes.But I came around.All it took was some trial and error. 2 题目 1.40.Why was the author's excitement cut short when asked to write a research paper? 2.41.What did the author do when the test results of a new design were not good? 3.42.Please decide which part is false in the following statement,then underline it and explain why. After writing the research paper,the author thought that writing was different from searching for an efficient inductor design. 4.43.What do you think of "red marks"in your life?(In about 40 words) </enumerate> 核心词汇详解 1.chaotic 核心词性 形容词（adj.,高频核心)：混乱的：无秩序的，侧重描述事物杂乱无章 的状态，例chaotic jungle(混乱的丛林) 名词(.，低频拓展)：混沌：混乱状态，多用于抽象概念或特定语境，例 the chaos of the crowd（人群的混乱) 必记词性转换 名词：chaos,核心含义是”混乱；无秩序”，常用搭配in chaos(处于混 乱状态) 副词：chaotically,核心含义是”混乱地；无秩序地”，例The papers were spread chaotically on the desk 高频搭配 形容词chaotic的搭配：chaotic situation(混乱的局面)、chaotic system (混沌系统，专业术语)、chaotic life(混乱的生活) 易混辨析 chaotic vs messy:chaotic强调”因复杂、无序导致的混乱”，程度更 深，常含抽象意味；messy侧重”脏、乱的具体状态”，多形容具体事物， 例messy room(凌乱的房间) 3 2.inductor 核心词性 名词(.，专业核心)：感应器；电感器，为物理/工程领域专业术语，例 improve the efficiency of an inductor(提高感应器的效率) 必记词性转换 动词：induct,核心含义是”使正式就职；引入”，例induct sb.into a position(任命某人担任某职) 名词：induction,核心含义是”就职；归纳法；感应”，例induction ceremony (就职典礼)、induction coil(感应线圈) 高频搭配 名词inductor的搭配：inductor design(感应器设计)、efficient inductor (高效感应器)、test an inductor(测试感应器) 3.brainstorm 核心词性 动词(v,高频核心)：集思广益；头脑风暴，强调通过集体讨论产生想 法，常用搭配brainstorm ideas(集思广益)；二是”突然想到，例She brainstormed a solution. 名词(n.,高频核心)：头脑风暴；集体研讨，常用搭配have a brainstorm (进行头脑风暴) 必记词性转换 动名词：brainstorming,核心含义是”头脑风暴（活动）”，例brainstorming session(头脑风暴会议) 高频搭配 动词brainstorm的搭配：brainstorm with sb.(与某人集思广益)、brain storm solutions(集思广益寻找解决方案) 名词brainstorm的搭配：a brainstorm meeting(头脑风暴会议) 4.refine 核心词性 动词(v.,高频核心)：核心含义一是”改进；完善”，侧重对方法、设计 等的逐步优化，例refine the outline(完善大纲)；二是”提炼；精炼”，例 refine oil(炼油) 必记词性转换 名词：refinement,核心含义是”改进；精致；提炼”，例the refinement of the design(设计的改进) 形容词：refined,.核心含义是”精炼的；优雅的”，例refined taste(高 雅的品味) 高频搭配 动词refine的搭配：refine a plan(完善计划)、refine one's skills(提升 技能)入refine the process(优化流程) 5.trial 核心词性 名词(n.,高频核心)：核心含义一是”试验；试用”，常用搭配trial and error(反复试验)：二是”审判；审讯”，例a criminal trial(刑事审判)； 三是”考验；磨难”，例the trials of life(生活的磨难) 形容词(adj,低频拓展)：核心含义是”试验性的；试用的”，例trial version(试用版) 必记词性转换 动词：ty,核心含义是”尝试；努力；审判”，常用搭配try out(试验)、 try one's best(尽力) 名词：trier,核心含义是”尝试者；努力者”，例a persistent trier(坚持 不懈的尝试者) 高频搭配 名词trial的搭配：on trial(在试验中；受审)、by trial and error(通过 反复试验)、put sb.on trial(审判某人) 6.error 核心词性 名词(n.,高频核心)：核心含义是”错误；过失”，侧重行为或判断上的 失误，例make an error(犯错误)、red marks indicating errors(标注错 误的红笔标记) 必记词性转换 形容词：erroneous,核心含义是”错误的：不正确的”，例erroneous conclusion(错误的结论) 动词：err,核心含义是”犯错；出错”，例err in judgment(判断失误) 高频搭配 名词error的搭配：human error(人为错误)、error correction(错误修 正)、trial and error(反复试验)、spelling error(拼写错误) 7.feedback 核心词性 名词(n.,高频核心)：反馈；回复，侧重对事物的评价或建议，常用搭 配ask for feedback(征求反馈)、feedback from others(他人的反馈) 必记词性转换 动词：feed back,核心含义是”反馈；回输”，例Please feed back your opinions to us. 高频搭配 名词feedback的搭配：positive feedback(积极反馈)、negative feedback (负面反馈)、provide feedback(提供反馈)、receive feedback(收到反馈) 5 8.struggle 核心词性 名词(n.,高频核心)：核心含义一是”斗争；奋斗”，常用搭配the struggle with sth.(与某事的斗争)；二是”难事；斗争”，例everyday struggles (日常的艰难) 动词(v.,高频核心)：核心含义是”奋斗：努力：挣扎”，常用搭配struggle with(与…斗争)、struggle to do(努力做某事) 必记词性转换 形容词：struggling,核心含义是”奋斗的：挣扎的”，例a struggling student(努力的学生) 高频搭配 名词struggle的搭配：the struggle for freedom(为自由的斗争)、life struggles(生活的艰辛) 动词struggle的搭配：struggle against(与…作斗争)、struggle through (艰难渡过) 9.revise 核心词性 动词(v,高频核心)：核心含义一是”修改；修订”，侧重对文章、计划 等的完善，例revise your work(修改作品)：二是”复习”，例revise for exams(复习备考) 必记词性转换 名词：revision,核心含义是”修改；修订：复习”，常用搭配make revisions (进行修改)、do revision(复习) 高频搭配 动词revise的搭配：revise a paper(修改论文)、revise the plan(修订 计划)、revise notes(复习笔记) 10.efficient 核心词性 形容词(adj,高频核心)：高效的：有能力的，侧重做事效率高，例 ef压cient inductor(高效感应器)、efficient worker(高效的工人) 必记词性转换 名词：efficiency,核心含义是”效率；效能”，常用搭配improve efficiency (提高效率) 副词：efficiently,核心含义是”高效地”，例work efficiently(高效工作) 高频搭配 形容词efficient的搭配：ef伍cient use of time(时间的高效利用)、efficient method(高效方法)、energy efficient(节能的) 6 11.initial 核心词性 形容词(adj,高频核心)：最初的：开始的，侧重事物的起始阶段，例 initial draft(初稿)、initial excitement(最初的兴奋) 名词(n.,低频拓展)：核心含义是”首字母”，常用搭配sign with initials (用首字母签名) 必记词性转换 副词：initially,核心含义是”最初地；起初”，例Initially,I was confused. (起初我很困惑。) 高频搭配 形容词initial的搭配：initial plan(初步计划)、initial reaction(最初反 应)、initial stage(初始阶段) 答案与逐题解析 参考答案 (a)40.Because the author hated writing and had struggled with it since high school,finding it like wandering in a chaotic jungle with papers often marked with red. (b)41.The author kept trying new designs and used the results to brainstorm ideas with researchers. (c)42.The false part is"writing was different from searching for an efficient inductor design". The author realized writing was similar to searching for the inductor design,as both required trial and error and revision based on feedback. (d)43.Red marks are helpful feedback,guiding improvement through pointing out weaknesses, like the author's realization that they mean the need for revision,not failure.</enumerate> 逐题解析 40.考点：细节理解题 语境：文中提到I hated writing in high school.It felt like wondering in a chaotic jungle.. My teachers would return my papers littered with red.”,说明作者因高中时就讨厌写作且常 遭红笔修改，所以被要求写论文时兴奋感消失。 解析：本题考查对作者情感变化原因的理解，需要从文中找出作者对写作的负面经历。 41.考点：细节查找题 语境：根据”I kept trying new designs,using the results to brainstorm ideas with researchers.” 可知，新设计测试结果不佳时，作者持续尝试新设计并与研究者头脑风暴。 解析：本题考查对作者行动的查找，需要从文中直接找到相关信息。 42.考点：推理判断题 语境：作者反思Hadn't I done the same thing when I was searching for an efficient inductor design?”,表明意识到写作与寻找感应器设计一样需要反复尝试和修改，故该句错误。 解析：本题考查对作者观点的理解，需要从文中找到作者将写作与设计进行类比的关键句子。 43.考点：观点表达题 7 语境：文中红笔标记让作者明白写作需多次修改，推及生活中红笔是进步的指引，指出不足 以助改进，体现积极态度。 解析：本题考查对”红笔”这一象征意义的理解，需要结合文中作者的态度进行合理延伸。