阅读理解31-北京市部分地区近两年（2024-2025）高三英语期末真题汇编

1 阅读理解-阅读单选31 试题基本信息 。题型：阅读理解-阅读单选 。核心知识点：职业内容、广告/布告、应用文 ·考查重点：细节理解、词义辨析、语境逻辑 材料剖析 ·文本类型：应用文（招募广告） ·主题内容：ENN(Emergency Nutrition Network)招募青年志愿者伙伴，旨在终结饥饿 和营养不良，并确保工作与年轻人相关。 。结构分析：第一段介绍角色和目标第二段列出申请条件：第三段说明会议安排；第四段 说明报名方式。 阅读理解短文 Become an Emergency Nutrition Network(ENN)voluntary Youth Partner!We are excited to receive applications for our roles,for the period January 2025-2026.The youth partners will inform the work of ENN to help end hunger and malnutrition(营养不良).The youth partners will help ensure that our work is relevant for young people,both those who are malnourished and in need of support,and those students and young professionals looking to join the nutrition sector. Applicants Be 18-24 years of age.Speak good English.Remain in the role with ENN for two years.Be preferred but not limited to young people who already hold experience within leadership roles in their school/community/university,or have experience of being in a youth group. Supposed meetings Attend 6 online meetings per year (about 10 hours in total over the course of a year)on weekdays,but we can be flexible to your schedule if needed.In addition,you may occasionally be asked to give feedback by email in between meetings.Join in three phone meetings given by experts where there are around 15 people present,all giving updates on what they are working on and seeking advice from one another.Attend the other 3 meetings of the year online "workshops".People will discuss their work with you and the other youth partners. They will ask for your opinions and ideas on all kinds of things such as social media posts,research designs,materials,ways of reaching teens,how to motivate teenagers to eat healthy food,etc. Sign up Fill out the attached form telling us about yourself and your motivations.Or alterna- tively,film a video of yourself and email it. 2 题目选项列表 21.Working for ENN,voluntary youth partners A.cooperate to set up the nutrition sector B.donate nutritious food to those in need C.help fight against hunger and malnutrition D.collect applications from young professionals 22.To become a voluntary youth partner,one should A.speak English fluently B.have leadership experience C.shoot a video about nutrition D.promise to work for three years 23.What will the youth partners do in the“workshops”？ A.Meet experts. B.Exchange ideas. C.Post updates. D.Email feedback. 核心词汇详解 1.malnutrition 核心词性 名词(.，高频核心)：营养不良（指因饮食中缺乏必要营养物质导致的健康 状况) 例：The report high.lights the problem of malnutrition in rural areas.(该报 告强调了农村地区的营养不良问题) 词性转换 形容词：malnourished(营养不良的)、动词：malnourish(使营养不良) 例：malnourished children(营养不良的儿童) 高频搭配 severe malnutrition(严重营养不良)、combat malnutrition(对抗营养不良)、 suffer from malnutrition(遭受营养不良)、malnutrition problem(营养不良 问题) 易混辨析 malnutrition vs undernutrition:malnutrition指“营养失调”，涵盖营 养不足或过剩；undernutrition仅指“营养不足”。 malnutrition vs starvation:starvation强调“饥饿；饿死”，指极度缺 乏食物；malnutrition侧重“营养不均衡或缺乏”。 3 2.voluntary 核心词性 形容词(adj,高频核心)：自愿的；志愿的； 义务的；无偿的 例：voluntary work(志愿工作) 名词(n,低频)：自愿者：自愿行动 词性转换 动词：volunteer(自愿做；志愿提供)、名词： volunteering(志愿活动) 例：volunteer to help(自愿帮忙) 高频搭配 voluntary organization(志愿组织)、voluntary participation(自愿参与)、 voluntary contribution(自愿捐赠)、voluntary sector(志愿部门) 易混辨析 voluntary vs willing:voluntary侧重“通过正式或组织化的形式自愿参 与”；willing强调“主观意愿上乐意做某事”。 3.relevant 核心词性 形容词(adj.,高频核心)：相关的；切题的（强调与主题或情境有联系） 例：His erperience is relevant to the job.(他的经验与这份工作相关) 词性转换 名词：relevance(相关性；关联)、副词：relevantly(相关地；切题地) 例：the relevance of the discussion(讨论的相关性) 高频搭配 relevant information(相关信，息)、relevant experience(相关经验)、relevant to sth.(与某事相关)、highly relevant(高度相关) 易混辨析 relevant vs related:relevant强调“与当前问题、目的或情境直接相关且 有价值”；related侧重“在逻辑或血缘上有联系”。 4.motivate 核心词性 动词(v,高频核心)：激励；激发（强调促使某人采取行动） 例：Teachers should motivate students to learn.(教师应激励学生学习) 词性转换 名词：motivation(动机；动力)、形容词：motivated(有动力的；积极的) 例：internal motivation(内在动力) 高频搭配 motivate employees(激励员工)、motivate oneself(自我激励)、be motivated by(受…驱使)、provide motivation(提供动力) 易混辨析 motivate vs inspire:motivate侧重“通过外部因素（如奖励、目标）推 动行动”；inspire强调“通过榜样或精神力量激发灵感或热情”。 5.flexible 核心词性 形容词(ad山j.,高频核心)：灵活的：可变动的；柔韧的；易弯曲的 例：erible working hours(灵活的工作时间) 词性转换 名词：lexibility(灵活性；柔韧性)、副词：flexibly(灵活地) 例：the fleribility of the schedule（日程的灵活性) 高频搭配 且exible approach(灵活的方法)、flexible rules(灵活的规则)、remain flexible (保持灵活)、flexible enough(足够灵活) 易混辨析 exible vs adaptable:flexible侧重“本身具有可调整的特性”；adaptable 强调“人或事物能适应变化的能力”。 6.occasionally 核心词性 副词(adv.,高频核心)：偶尔；间或（表示频率较低） 例：I occasionally go to the cinema.(我偶尔去看电影) 词性转换 形容词：occasional(偶尔的；临时的)、名词： occasion(场合；时机) 例：occasional visits（偶尔的拜访) 高频搭配 visit occasionally(偶尔拜访)、rain occasionally(偶尔下雨)、meet occa- sionally(偶尔见面) 易混辨析 occasionally vs sometimes vs rarely:occasionally频率低于sometimes (有时)，但高于rarely(很少)。 7.feedback 核心词性 名词(n,高频核心)：反馈；回复（指对事物的意见或评价） 例：We need your feedback on the project..(我们需要你对这个项目的反馈) 词性转换 动词：feedback(反馈；回授) 例：feedback information(反馈信息) 高频搭配 positive feedback(积极反债)、negative feedback(负面反馈)、provide feedback(提供反馈)、feedback loop(反馈循环) 易混辨析 feedback vs comment:feedback侧重“针对改进或评估的系统性意见”； comment指“对某事的一般评论或看法”。 5 8.workshop 核心词性 名词(n,高频核心)：研讨会；讲习班；车间；作坊 例：a writing workshop(写作研讨会) 词性转换 合成词：workshop leader(研讨会主持人)、workshop participant(研讨会 参与者) 高频搭配 attend a workshop(参加研讨会)、organize a workshop(组织研讨会)、online workshop(线上研讨会)、training workshop(培训l讲习班) 易混辨析 workshop vs seminar:workshop侧重“实践性强的互动研讨会”；seminar 指“学术性专题研讨会”。 答案与逐题解析 正确答案：21-23CAB 21.C (help fight against hunger and malnutrition) 考点：细节理解题 语境逻辑：文中明确提到“The youth partners will inform the work of ENN to help end hunger and malnutrition'”,可知青年伙伴的工作是帮助终结饥饿和营养不良，即“对抗饥饿和营养不 良”。 选项辨析：A项“合作建立营养部门”原文未提及；B项“捐赠营养食品”无相关内容；D项 “收集年轻专业人士的申请”与原文“帮助确保工作与年轻人相关（包括寻求加入营养部门的学 生和专业人士)”不符。只有C项符合原文表述。 22.A (speak English fluently) 考点：细节理解题 语境逻辑：申请条件中提到“Speak good English”,即“说一口流利的英语”，与A项“speak English fluently”同义。 选项辨析：B项“有领导经验”原文为“preferred but not limited to”(优先但不限于)，并非 必须条件；C项“拍摄营养相关视频”是申请方式之一（可选择填表或拍视频），并非必要条件： D项“承诺工作三年”与原文“remain in the role..for two years”(两年)不符。 23.B (Exchange ideas) 考点：细节理解题 语境逻辑：关于“workshops'”的描述提到“People will discuss their work with you and the other youth partners.They will ask for your opinions and ideas on all kinds of things..”,即人们会 与青年伙伴讨论工作并征求意见，体现“交流想法”。 选项辨析：A项“会见专家”对应“phone meetings given by experts”;C项“发布更新”是 专家电话会议的内容：D项“通过邮件反馈”是会议间隙的任务。只有B项“Exchange ideas” 符合研讨会中“讨论工作、征求意见”的活动内容。