阅读理解29-北京市部分地区近两年（2024-2025）高三英语期末真题汇编

1 阅读理解-阅读单选29 试题基本信息 。题型：阅读理解-阅读单选/选择4题 。核心知识点：科普知识、说明文 ·考查重点：词义猜测、细节理解、观点态度、主旨大意 材料剖析 。文章主题：创造力与大脑关系的探讨 ·文章结构：提出问题介绍研究→分析案例→深入剖析→总结评价 。作者观点：创造力是复杂的脑部活动，不能简单归因于单一因素 阅读理解短文 Creativity is a product of the human mind.But why are some people more creative than others? Having a unique brain has been proposed as one possibility.Take Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's musical creativity.It has been suggested that he had Tourette's syndrome,a brain condition linked to a range of symptoms,which could have played a role.Other proposals link creativity to intelligence or even to the use of certain drugs. In the Creative Brain:Myths and truths.scientist Anna Abraham examines these ideas and four more,describing them as myths (and each is discussed in a chapter.But rather than fully debunk them,Abraham's precondition is that they all contain a truth. She researches into how these beliefs developed and spread-and why they are so hard to desert.Her focus is on how misinformation is often related to conflicting results in the scientific evidence that is supposed to back them up. Take the common idea that the brain's right hemisphere is associated with creativity. Both behavioral and brain-based studies have explored this,but findings are hard to compare because the ways of measuring different aspects,such as the level of creativity,vary greatly.This means we can find evidence supporting both the right and left hemispheres being dominant in creative activities,as well as the joint involvement of the two. Such problems,says Abraham,originate in the fact that creativity typically involves many elements but the focus is often drawn to just one,the imagination needed to make something new. Other aspects-such as the drive to create,the hard work involved and the ability to produce something that sympathizes with an audience-are also crucial.Many explanations,she says, treat creativity too simplistically:for example,taking certain drugs can make someone more open, and thus better able to think creatively,but may not affect their motivation. 2 Abraham provides a good summarization of the relationship between creativity and the brain,covering a lot of ground while doing so.She encourages readers to think more deeply about brain-based creativity theories,even if they seem backed up by evidence.How creativity originates in the brain is complex and probably can't be explained by a simple narrative.Perhaps we need a new approach. 题目选项列表 1.What does the word "debunk"underlined in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A.Deny.B.Expose.C.Approve.D.Clarify. 2.What can we learn about creativity from the passage? A.It helps to sympathize with an audience. B.It is dominated by the brain's right hemisphere. C.It is a complex process involving many factors. D.It can be enhanced by hard work and motivation. 3.As for brain-based creativity theories,Abraham is A.appreciative B.disapproving C.unconcerned D.objective 4.What is the main purpose of the passage? A.To explore the myths and truths about creativity and the brain. B.To prove that creativity is greatly linked with a unique brain. C.To argue that creativity is mainly determined by intelligence. D.To encourage the use of drugs to partly enhance creativity. 核心词汇详解 1.debunk 核心词性 动词(v,高频核心)：揭穿；驳斥（指揭露错误或虚假的观点、理论等） 例：The article debunked the myth about creativity.(这篇文章揭穿了关于 创造力的谬见) 词性转换 名词：debunking,核心含义是”揭穿；驳斥的行为”，例the debunking of false theories(对错误理论的驳斥) 高频搭配 动词debunk的搭配：debunk a myth(揭穿谬见)、debunk a theory(驳斥 理论)、debunk a claim(揭穿说法) 3 2.syndrome 核心词性 名词(.，高频核心)：综合征；综合症状（医学术语，指一组同时出现的症 状) 例：Tourette's syndrome（图雷特综合征) 引申义：综合特征；典型表现，例the syndrome of modern life(现代生活 的典型特征) 词性转换 形容词：syndromic,核心含义是”综合征的；与综合征相关的”，例syndromic symptoms(综合征症状) 高频搭配 名词syndrome的搭配：genetic syndrome(遗传综合征)、acquired syndrome (获得性综合征)、post-traumatic stress syndrome(创伤后应激障碍综合征) 3.hemisphere 核心词性 名词(n,高频核心)：半球（地球或大脑的半球） 例：brain hemisphere（脑半球)、Northern Hemisphere（北半球) 引申义：范围；领域，例the Eastern hemisphere of culture(东方文化领域) 词性转换 形容词：hemispheric,.核心含义是”半球的；半球形的”，例hemispheric differences(半球差异) 高频搭配 名词hemisphere的搭配：left hemisphere(左半球)、right hemisphere(右 半球)、cerebral hemisphere(大脑半球) 4.dominant 核心词性 形容词(adj,高频核心)：占主导地位的；支配的 例：dominant hemisphere（优势半球) 生物学含义：显性的，例dominant gene(显性基因) 词性转换 名词：dominance,核心含义是”主导地位；优势”，例cultural dominance (文化主导地位) 副词：dominantly,核心含义是”主要地；支配地”，例dominantly influenced (主要受影响) 高频搭配 形容词dominant的搭配：dominant role(主导作用)、dominant position (优势地位)、dominant factor(主导因素) 4 5.motivation 核心词性 名词（n.,高频核心)：动机；动力 例：creative motivation（创造动机) 引申义：积极性；干劲，例lack of motivation(缺乏积极性) 词性转换 动词：motivate,核心含义是”激发；激励”，例motivate sb.to do sth.(激 励某人做某事) 形容词：motivated(有动机的；积极的)，例highly motivated students(积 极性高的学生) 形容词：motivating(激励人的)，例a motivating speech(激励人心的演 讲) 高频搭配 名词motivation的搭配：intrinsic motivation(内在动机)、extrinsic moti- vation(外在动机)、source of motivation(动力来源)、motivation for sth. (某事的动机) 6.summarization 核心词性 名词（n.,高频核心)：总结：概括 例：a good summarization（很好的总结) 例：the summarization of findings（研究结果的概括) 词性转换 动词：summarize,核心含义是”总结；概括”，例summarize the main points (总结要点) 名词：summary,核心含义是”摘要；概要”，例a brief summary(简要摘 要) 高频搭配 名词summarization的搭配：accurate summarization(准确总结)、compre- hensive summarization(全面慨括)、summarization of data(数据总结) 答案与逐题解析 正确答案：31-34BCDA 1.B (Expose) 考点：词义猜测 语境：第三段提到”Abraham examines these ideas and four more,.describing them as myths'”, 后文转折”but rather than fully debunk them,Abraham's precondition is that they all contain a truth”,即她并未完全否定这些观点，而是认为其中有合理成分。 辨析：A.Deny(否认)；B.Expose(揭露，指出错误)；C.Approve(批准)；D.Clarify(澄 清)。”debunk'”与”myths'”搭配，结合”not fully”和”contain a truth”可知，此处指”揭露（谬 误)”而非完全否定，B符合语境。 2.C (It is a complex process involving many factors.) 5 考点：细节理解 语境：第五段提到”creativity typically involves many elements'”"Other aspects..are also cru- cial”,末段强调How creativity originates in the brain is complex”。 辨析：A.曲解文意，原文”produce something that sympathizes with an audience”指作品能 引起共鸣，而非创造力帮助共鸣；B.与第四段”find evidence supporting both..as well as the joint involvement'”矛盾；C.符合”involves many elements'”和”complex'”的描述；D.原文未提 及”hard work and motivation”能”enhance creativity'”,仅说它们是关键要素。 3.D (objective) 考点：观点态度 语境：第三段”Abraham examines these ideas..describing them as myths..but.they all contain a truth”,第五段分析科学证据的矛盾，未段”provides a good summarization.…encourages readers to think more deeply”。 辨析：A.appreciative(赞赏的)；B.disapproving(反对的)：C.unconcerned(不关心的)；D. objective(客观的)。Abraham既指出这些理论是”myths”,又肯定其中的”truth”,并客观分析 问题，鼓励深入思考，体现客观性，D正确。 4.A (To explore the myths and truths about creativity and the brain.) 考点：主旨大意 语境：全文围绕Abraham的《Creative Brain:Myths and truths》展开，第三段”examines these ideas..myths and truths'”,末段总结”relationship between creativity and the brain...complex.. need a new approach”。 辨析：B、C、D均为文中被质疑的”myths”(如”unique brain”intelligence'”drugs”),并非主 旨；A准确概括了文章对创造力与大脑关系的”谬见与真相”的探讨。