阅读理解22-北京市部分地区近两年（2024-2025）高三英语期末真题汇编

1 阅读理解-阅读单选22 试题基本信息 。题型：阅读理解-阅读单选（4题，全文约450词) 核心知识点：新闻报道、善行义举（个人） ·考查重点：细节理解、推理判断、人物性格分析 材料剖析 ·故事发展线索：飓风后Schenker在受灾地区发现他人照片→担忧照片损毁返回收集并 发现更多→为归还照片创建线上页面并整理寄送→成功帮助他人找回照片并获得积极 反馈→解释页面命名原因并体现照片意义 。感情发展线索：同情牵挂→责任驱动→欣慰满足→价值认同+传递温暖 阅读理解短文 After the deadly hurricane in October,Taylor Schenker,who lives in Canton,North Carolina, near hard-hit Asheville,went for a walk with her friend to check out the homes destroyed in the disaster."We spent about four hours digging through the mud,looking for any belongings we could find,"Schenker said.During the process,she found some photographs that didn't belong to them and laid them out,hoping they could be reunited with their owners.Schenker said that thinking about the photos she had left behind kept her up that night.She was afraid that if it rained or the wind blew,the photos wouldn't be able to be reunited with their families.The next day,Schenker went back to collect the photos and ended up finding more-about 200 of them-containing school portraits,birthday cards,and images of childhood friends and families on vacation.She said it was clear that the photos belonged to multiple families,and she understood how special such memories could be to them.Realizing how many important family memories she now had in her possession,she created the Photos from Helene page-a virtual lost-and-found where people could recognize and reclaim their photos.She hoped people would recognize the photos on her page and that word of mouth would help reunite them with their rightful owners.Schenker took the photos home,cleaned them off,and organized them into folders and bins for safekeeping until they could be returned to their owners.Schenker mailed photos to people who were no longer in the area,but she also hand-delivered those that belonged to families who still lived nearby.Each reunion served as a heartwarming reminder of the importance of her work.In one instance,Becky Tate and her daughter both recognized their photos on the online page.Tate's daughter,Nancy, commented that her mom was in tears when they made the discovery."The process is definitely fulfilling,"Schenker said."It's enjoyable to witness the moment when a photograph is returned 2 to its rightful owner,and to observe people in the comments mentioning each other and sharing their thoughts and saying,'Oh my gosh,you just reminded me of this moment in my life that I had totally forgotten about.'"She said she chose the name for her page because most of the photos they've seen come out of the hurricane show the devastation (left behind-but her Photos from Helene are happy memories of Asheville and the lives there. 题目选项列表 1.24.What can we know about the photos on Schenker's page? A.They were all proof of the hurricane. B.They were seriously damaged in the storm C.They were left behind by some families on purpose. D.They were discovered in areas impacted by the hurricane. 2.25.Which sentence best expresses Schenker's motivation for her page? A."The hurricane destroyed everything in its path. B."I wanted to clean the photos and keep them as memories." C."I realized how important these photos must be to someone. D."It was just so sad to see so many photos spread and damaged." 3.26.Why were Schenker's actions important after the hurricane? A.They gave comfort to those affected. B.They inspired others to volunteer and help. C.They provided supplies to families in need. D.They raised awareness of survivors'struggles. 4.27.Which of the following words can best describe Schenker? A.Curious. B.Caring. C.Ambitious. D.Adventurous. 3 核心词汇详解 1.devastation 核心词性 名词(，高频核心)：核心含义是“破坏；毁灭；荒芜”，尤指自然灾害或人 为因素造成的大面积损害，例the devastation left by the hurricane(飓风造 成的破坏)；也可抽象表示“悲痛；震惊”，例The news caused devastation among her family.(这个消息让她的家人悲痛欲绝)。 必记词性转换 动词：devastate,核心含义是“彻底破坏；摧毁；使震惊”，高考常用搭配 be devastated by sth.(因某事而震惊/遭受重创)。 形容词：devastating,核心含义是“毁灭性的；极具破坏力的；令人震惊的”， 高频搭配devastating effect(毁灭性影响)、devastating news(令人震惊的 消息)。 高频搭配 名词devastation的搭配：environmental devastation(环境破坏)、witness the devastation(目睹破坏景象)、the aftermath of devastation(破坏后的 余波)、cause widespread devastation(造成大面积破坏)。 易混辨析 devastation vs destruction:devastation侧重“破坏的严重性和破坏性 后果”，常带有情感色彩（如悲痛、震惊）；destruction为通用词，仅指“摧 毁的动作或状态”，强调事物不复存在，情感色彩较弱。 devastation vs damage:devastation表示“彻底的、灾难性的破坏”，程度 远重于damage;damage侧重“部分损坏，可能修复”，常用搭配do damage to（对…造成损害)。 2.reunite 核心词性 动词(v,高频核心)：核心含义一是“（使）重聚；（使）团聚”，常用搭配 reunite with sb..(与某人团聚)；二是“（使）再结合；（使）合并”，例The two companies reunited to form a new corporation.(两家公司合并组成了 一家新企业)。 必记词性转换 名词：reunion,核心含义是“团聚；重聚；重逢”，高考常用搭配family reunion(家庭团聚)、class reunion(同学聚会)。 高频搭配 动词reunite的搭配：reunite after years apart(多年后重聚)、reunite a family(让一家人团聚)、hopes to reunite(希望团聚)、reunite lost items with owners(使失物与主人团聚)。 易混辨析 reunite vs gather:reunite强调“曾经在一起的人或事物再次相聚”，隐 含“分离后重聚”的背景；gather表示“将分散的人或物聚集到一起”，无 “分离”的前提，通用范围更广。 3.possession 核心词性 名词(n,高频核心)：核心含义一是“拥有；持有”（不可数），常用搭配n possession of sth.(拥有某物)、take possession of(占有；取得)：二是“所 有物；财产”（常用复数possessions)?,例personal possessions(个人财物）： 三是“殖民地；属地”（正式用法，高考低频），例overseas possessions(海 外属地)。 必记词性转换 动词：possess,核心含义是“拥有；具有（品质、能力等)”，高考高频搭配 possess a talent for(有…天赋)、possess great courage(拥有巨大勇气)。 形容词：possessed,核心含义是“着魔的；疯狂的”（表状态），搭配be possessed by(被…附身/控制)；也可表示“拥有的”，例the possessed items(所拥有的物品)。 高频搭配 名词possession的搭配：in possession(占有中)、come into possession of sth. (获得某物)、sb.'s most treasured possession(某人最珍贵的财产)、illegal possession(非法持有). 易混辨析 possession vs property:possession泛指“个人拥有的一切财物”，侧重 “归属权”；property指“不动产（土地、房屋）”或“（法律上的）财产”，正 式且范围较广，可包括有形和无形财产。 possession vs ownership:possession强调“实际持有或控制”；ownership 强调“法律上的所有权”，例He has possession of the car,but the ownership belongs to his father.(他实际使用这辆车，但所有权属于他父亲)。 4.reclaim 核心词性 动词(v,高频核心)：核心含义一是“收回；取回；认领”，常用搭配reclaim sth.from(从…收回某物)、reclaim lost items(认领失物)；二是“开垦： 改造（荒地）”，例reclaim desert land(开垦沙漠土地)；三是“使改正：使 悔改”，例reclaim a criminal(感化罪犯)。 必记词性转换 名词：reclamation,核心含义是“收回；开垦；改造”，高考低频搭配land reclamation(土地开垦)。 高频搭配 动词reclaim的搭配：reclaim one's right(收回权利)、reclaim a bag from the lost and found(从失物招领处取回包)、reclaim damaged photos(认领 受损照片)、reclaim contaminated soil(改良受污染土壤)。 易混辨析 reclaim vs recover:reclaim侧重“通过努力或法律手段收回本属于自己 的东西”；recover强调“找回丢失或失去的东西”，或“身体/精神恢复”，例 recover stolen goods(找回被盗物品)、recover from illness(从疾病中恢复)。 reclaim vs retrieve:reclaim更正式，常涉及“权利、财产的收回”或“荒 地改造”；retrieve侧重“搜寻并找回丢失的东西”，例retrieve data from a computer(从电脑中恢复数据)。 5 5.fulfilling 核心词性 形容词（adj,高频核心)：核心含义是“令人满足的；有意义的；让人有成 就感的”，常用搭配a fulfilling job(一份有成就感的工作)、lead a fulfilling life(过着充实的生活)。 必记词性转换 动词：fll,核心含义是“履行（义务、承诺）；实现（目标）；满足（需 求)”，高考高频搭配fulfill a promise（履行承诺)、fulfill one's dream(实现 梦想)、fulfill the requirements(满足要求)。 名词：fulfillment,核心含义是“满足感；成就感；实现”，高频搭配sense of fulfillment(成就感)、the fulfillment of a goal(目标的实现)。 高频搭配 形"容词fulfilling的搭配：find sth.fulfilling(发现某事有意义)、a deeply fulfilling experience(一次非常充实的经历)、make life fulfilling(让生活有 意义)、feel fulfilling(感到满足)。 易混辨析 fulfilling vs satisfying:fulfilling侧重“因完成有价值的事情而产生的深 层满足感和成就感”；satisfying强调“需求、愿望得到满足后的愉悦感”，程 度较浅，例a satisfying meal(一顿令人满意的饭)。 fulfilling vs rewarding:两者近义，fulfilling更强调“个人内心的充实感”； rewarding侧重“因付出努力而获得回报（物质或精神）”，例a rewarding career(有回报的职业)。 6.virtual 核心词性 形容词(adj,高频核心)：核心含义一是“虚拟的；模拟的”（尤指通过计算 机技术)，常用搭配virtual reality(虚拟现实)、virtual world(虚拟世界)； 二是“实质上的：事实上的（但未在名义上或正式承认）”，例the virtual ruler of the country(这个国家的实际统治者)。 必记词性转换 副词：virtually,核心含义是“几乎；差不多；事实上”，高考高频搭配virtually impossible(几乎不可能)、virtually all(几乎所有)。 名词：virtuality,核心含义是“虚拟性；虚拟状态”，高考低频词汇。 高频搭配 形容词virtual的搭配：virtual meeting(虚拟会议)、virtual classroom(虚 拟教室)、virtual community(虚拟社区)、virtual tour（虚拟游览)、virtual lost-and-found(虚拟失物招领处)。 易混辨析 virtual vs actual:virtual表示“表面上不是，但实际上是”；actual表示 “真实存在的：实际的”，与“假设的”相对。 答案与逐题解析 正确答案：24-27DCAB 1.D (They were discovered in areas impacted by the hurricane.) 考点：细节理解题 语境逻辑：文章开头提到“After the deadly hurricane in October.Schenker..went for a walk with her friend to check out the homes destroyed in the disaster”以及“We spent about four hours digging through the mud,looking for any belongings we could find”,说明照片是在飓风 影响区域被发现的。 选项辨析：A项“都是飓风的证据”与原文“her Photos from Helene are happy memories”不 符；B项“在风暴中严重受损”文中未提及；C项“被一些家庭故意留下”与“laid them out, hoping they could be reunited with their owners'”矛盾；D项“在受飓风影响的地区被发现”符 合原文描述。 2.C ("I realized how important these photos must be to someone.") 考点：推理判断题 语境逻辑：文中提到“She said it was clear that the photos belonged to multiple families,and she understood how special such memories could be to them.Realizing how many important family memories she now had in her possession,she created the Photos from Helene page", 明她意识到照片对他人的重要性是创建网页的动机。 选项辨析：A项未提及；B项“想清洁照片并作为纪念”不是创建网页的目的；C项“意识到 这些照片对某人一定很重要”符合原文；D项“看到照片散落受损很伤心”是发现照片时的感 受，而非创建网页的主要动机。 3.A (They gave comfort to those affected.) 考点：推理判断题 语境逻辑：文中提到“Each reunion served as a heartwarming reminder of the importance of her work""Tate's daughter,Nancy,commented that her mom was in tears when they made the discovery”,说明她的行动给受灾者带来了安慰。 选项辨析：A项“给受灾者带来安慰”符合；B项“激励他人志愿服务”文中未提及；C项“提 供物资”与原文不符：D项“提高对幸存者困境的认识”不是主要作用。 4.B(Caring） 考点：人物性格判断题 语境逻辑：Schenker花费时间寻找、整理、归还照片，为受灾家庭找回珍贵回忆，体现了她的 关爱之心。 选项辨析：A项“好奇的”、C项“有野心的”、D项“爱冒险的”均不符合；B项“有爱心的” 符合她的行为表现。