阅读理解20-北京市部分地区近两年(2024-2025)高三英语期末真题汇编

2025-12-09
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晴风教辅
进店逛逛

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1 阅读理解-阅读表达20 试题基本信息 。题型:阅读理解-阅读表达(约400词) 。 核心知识点:方法/策略、社会问题与社会现象 ·考查重点:细节理解、判断推理、开放表达 材料剖析 ·段落结构: 1.第一段:引出问题+呈现调查结果:开篇通过UNESCO的调查揭示核心问题一年 轻人表达思想和观点的能力显著下降,并具体说明调查数据(半数人语言能力差,40 2.第二段:分析核心原因:先排除教育水平低的可能性(参与者多为高学历者),进而提 出主要原因一数字通信的兴起,年轻人偏好短信交流限制了深度对话和完整句子写 作能力。 3.第三段:强调重要性+举例说明:阐述良好沟通能力在学校和职场的必要性,并以巴 菲特(推崇公众演讲)和贝佐斯(用结构化备忘录替代PPT)为例,展示提升沟通能 力的实践方式。 4.第四段:扩展问题范围+介绍应对尝试:指出沟通能力下降是全球性问题,以美国 “homeschoolers'”运动为例,说明其尝试用中世纪“三艺”(语法、修辞、逻辑)的古 典教育智慧解决该问题,并解释“三艺”内容,最后表明其效果有待观察但带来希望。 阅读理解短文 We Need to Talk...and Write A recent survey conducted by UNESCO reveals a significant decline in the ability of young people to express their thoughts and ideas.Half of the 1,333 participants admitted to having poor verbal skills,while 40%struggled with written expressions. Poor education could be a cause of poor communication skills,but that may not explain everything.Most of the participants were well-educated individuals in their 20s and 30s,with over 60%holding a bachelor's degree or higher.The problem more likely resulted from the rise of digital communication,with young people now preferring texting short messages,which may limit their ability to engage in meaningful conversations and write complete sentences. Effective verbal and written communication skills are essential both in school and in the work- place.Warren Buffett,a famous investor,always urges young people to learn public speaking.It may be scary to speak in front of a group,but it boosts confidence.Jeff Bezos,the founder of Amazon,is known for valuing the written word.He replaces PowerPoint presentations in meetings 2 with“six-page,narratively-structured(叙事结构)”memos.Meetings start with each attendee sitting and silently reading a memo for the first 30 minutes. The decline in communication skills is a worldwide problem.In America.there is a movement among "homeschoolers"to try to solve the problem by returning to ancient educational wisdom, the "Trivium",which dates back to medieval times in Europe.The word comes from Latin and means“where three roads meet.”The subjects-the“three roads”-are grammar,rhetoric and logic.Grammar means learning how to write a complete and accurate sentence.Rhetoric is the use of similes(明喻),metaphors(暗喻)and other grammatical devices.And logic is the use of reason to discover what is true or not true,or what can be proved or disproved.Whether such classical education can help with the decline in communication skills remains to be seen,but it offers a glimmer of hope in this challenging situation. 问题列表 40.What does the survey conducted by UNESCO reveal? 41.What is the main reason for young people's poor communication skills? 42.Please decide which part is false in the following statement,then underline it and explain why. Ancient educational wisdom is applied to address today's communication decline in America, and it has already helped students improve expressive skills. 43.Besides the methods mentioned in the passage,what other ways would you use to improve your writing skills?(In about 40 words) 3 核心词汇详解 1.reveal 核心词性 动词(v,高频核心):核心含义一是“揭示;显示”(指通过调查、研究等 方式使未知信息公之于众),例The survey revealed a decline in skills.(调 查揭示了技能的下降):二是“透露;泄露”(指有意或无意公开秘密、隐私 等),例She refused to reveal the truth.(她拒绝透露真相);三是“展现; 显露”(指事物自身呈现出某种特征),例The painting reveals his artistic talent.(这幅画展现了他的艺术天赋)。 词性转换 名词:revelation,核心含义是“揭示;被揭露的事实”,高考常用搭配make a revelation(做出一项披露)。 形容词:revealing,核心含义是“揭露真相的;暴露内情的”,例a revealing interview(一次揭露内情的采访)。 高频搭配 动词reveal的搭配:reveal sth.tosb.(向某人透露某事)、reveal the truth (揭示真相)、reveal a secret(泄露秘密)、reveal itself(显现出来)。 易混辨析 reveal vs expose:reveal侧重“主动揭示原本隐藏的信息或事实”,对象 多为抽象事物(如真相、数据等):expose侧重“使某物/某人暴露于不利环 境或状态,或揭露不道德行为”,例expose children to violence(让孩子接 触暴力)、expose corruption(揭露腐败)。 reveal vs display:reveal强调“使隐藏的事物变得可见或可知”,带有“揭 秘”意味;display侧重“主动展示、陈列某物供人观看”,例display goods in the window(在橱窗展示商品)。 2.significant 核心词性 形容词(adj,高频核心):核心含义一是“重要的;显著的”(强调程度或 影响重大),例a significant change(重大变化):二是“有意义的:意味深 长的”(指事物具有深层含义),例a significant look(意味深长的眼神);三 是“相当数量的”(用于修饰数字,表示数量可观),例a significant number of people(相当多的人)。 词性转换 名词:significance,核心含义是“重要性:意义”,高考常用搭配beof significance(具有重要性)、the significance of(…的意义)。 副词:significantly,核心含义是“显著地;大大地”,例Prices have risen significantly.(价格大幅上涨)。 高频搭配 形容词significant的搭配:significant difference(显著差异)、significant impact(重大影响)、significant progress(显著进步)、significant role(重 要作用)。 易混辨析 significant vs important:significant侧重“因特别、罕见或有深远影响 而重要”,更强调“显著性”;important为通用词,侧重“内在价值或必要 性”,使用范围更广,例an important decision(重要决定)。 significant vs considerable:significant强调“重要性或意义”,可修饰 抽象名词;considerable侧重“数量、程度上相当大的”,例a considerable amount of money(一大笔钱)。 5 3.decline 核心词性 动词(v,高频核心):核心含义一是“下降;减少”(指数量、质革、水平 等降低),例Sales declined by 10%.(销售额下降了l0%):二是“衰退:衰 落”(指事物由盛转衰),例His health declined rapidly.(他的健康迅速衰 退):三是“拒绝;谢绝”(指礼貌地拒绝邀请、提议等),例She declined the invitation.(她谢绝了邀请)。 名词(,高频核心):核心含义一是“下降:减少”(与动词含义对应,指 下降的过程或状态),例a decline in profits(利润下降);二是“衰退;衰落 期”,例the decline of the empire(帝国的衰落)。 词性转换 形容词:declining,核心含义是“下降的;衰退的”,例declining birth rates (下降的出生率)。 高频搭配 动词decline的搭配:decline to do sth..(拒绝做某事)、decline sharply(急 剧下降)、decline gradually(逐渐减少)。 名词decline的搭配:on the decline(在下降中;在衰退中)、a decline in (在…方面的下降)、prevent the decline(阻止下降)。 易混辨析 decline vs decrease:decline作动词时,可表示“拒绝”,作名词时侧重 “逐渐、持续的下降”,常与抽象名词搭配(如health、economy);decrease 仅表示“数量上的减少”,可及物或不及物,例decrease the cost(降低成 本)、The population decreased.(人口减少)。 decline vs refuse:decline指“礼貌、委婉地拒绝”,语气较正式;refuse 指“坚决、直接地拒绝”,语气较强硬,例He refused to help.(他拒绝帮忙)。 4.verbal 核心词性 形容词(adj,高频核心):核心含义一是“口头的:言语的”(与书面相对, 指用语言表达的),例verbal communication(口头交流);二是“词语的; 文字的”(指与词汇、语言本身相关的),例verbal skills(语言技能):三是 “动词的”(语法术语,指动词的),例verbal phrases(动词短语) 词性转换 名词:verb,核心含义是“动词”,语法基础词汇,例transitive verb(及物 动词)。 副词:verbally,核心含义是“口头地;用言语地”,例explain verbally(口 头解释)。 高频搭配 形容词verbal的搭配:verbal agreement(口头协议)、verbal abuse(言语 虐待)、verbal exam(口头考试)、verbal ability(语言能力)。 易混辨析 verbal vs oral:verbal强调“与语言、词汇相关”,可指口头或书面,范围 更广;oral仅指“口头的;口述的”,与written直接对应,例oral English (英语口语)、oral report(口头报告)。 verbal vs linguistic:verbal侧重“具体的语言表达或词汇运用”;linguistic 侧重“语言学的:与语言研究相关的”,例linguistic research(语言学研究)。 6 5.essential 核心词性 形容词(adj,高频核心):核心含义一是“必不可少的:极其重要的”(强调 事物的必要性,没有则无法存在或完成),例Water is essential for life.(水 是生命所必需的);二是“本质的:基本的”(指事物的核心特征),例the essential difference(本质区别). 名词(n.,常用复数):核心含义是“必需品;基本要素”,例daily essentials (日常必需品)、the essentials of grammar(语法基础)。 词性转换 副词:essentially,核心含义是“本质上:基本上”,例The two ideas are essentially the same.(这两个观点本质上相同)。 名词:essence,核心含义是“本质;精髓”,高考常用搭配n essence(本质 上)。 高频搭配 形容词essential的搭配:be essential to/for(对…必不可少)、essential skills(基本技能)、essential information(关键信息)、essential part(核心 部分) 名词essentials的搭配:the essentials of life(生活必需品)、master the essentials(掌握要领)。 易混辨析 essential vs necessary:essential语气比necessary更强,强调“事物之 本,不可或缺”;necessary指“为实现某一目的而需要的”,例necessary tools(必要的工具). essential vs fundamental:essential侧重“事物存在或功能所必需的核 心要素”;fundamental侧重“基础的;根本的”,指构成事物基础的部分,例 fundamental principles(基本原则)。 6.rhetoric 核心词性 名词(n,高频核心):核心含义一是“修辞;修辞学”(指运用语言技巧增 强表达效果的学科),例the use of rhetoric(修辞的运用);二是“华丽的辞 藻;花言巧语”(含贬义,指空洞无物的言语),例His speech was just empty rhetoric.(他的演讲只是空洞的辞藻)。 词性转换 形容词:rhetorical,核心含义是“修辞的;修辞学的”,例rhetorical question (反问句)。 高频搭配 rhetoric device(修辞手法)、political rhetoric(政治辞令)。 易混辨析 rhetoric vs eloquence:rhetoric侧重“修辞技巧或华丽语言”,可能含贬 义;eloquence指“口才;雄辩”,强调表达流畅有力,含褒义,例She spoke with eloquence.(她口才伶俐). 7 答案与解析 参考答案: 40.A significant decline in the ability of young people to express their thoughts and ideas. 41.The rise of digital communication,with young people now preferring texting short mes- sages. 42.The false part is "and it has already helped students improve expressive skills".The pas- sage states "Whether such classical education can help with the decline in communication skills remains to be seen",indicating it hasn't been proven to have helped yet. 43.I would read extensively to learn diverse writing styles,practice writing daily,and seek feedback from teachers or peers to improve my writing skills. 40.考点:细节理解题 解析:文章开头明确提到“A recent survey conducted by UNESCO reveals a significant decline in the ability of young people to express their thoughts and ideas.”,直接点明了调查结果。因 此,答案概括为年轻人表达思想和观点的能力显著下降。 41.考点:细节理解题 解析:文中指出“Poor education could be a cause.but that may not explain everything..The problem more likely resulted from the rise of digital communication,with young people now preferring texting short messages..”,说明主要原因是数字通信的兴起及年轻人偏好短信交流。 因此,答案强调数字通信的上升。 42.考点:细节判断与推理题 解析:原文提到“Whether such classical education can help with the decline in communication skills remains to be seen”,表明这种古老教育智慧是否有效还不确定,而题目中说“it has already helped students improve expressive skills”与原文不符。因此,错误部分是关于已帮助提高表达 技能的断言。 43.考点:开放表达与拓展能力题 解析:题目要求除文中提到的方法外,提出其他提高写作技能的方式。结合实际学习经验,广泛 阅读、日常练习和寻求反馈是常见且有效的方法,符合字数要求。答案体现了这些策略。

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阅读理解20-北京市部分地区近两年(2024-2025)高三英语期末真题汇编
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阅读理解20-北京市部分地区近两年(2024-2025)高三英语期末真题汇编
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阅读理解20-北京市部分地区近两年(2024-2025)高三英语期末真题汇编
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