阅读理解7-北京市部分地区近两年（2024-2025）高三英语期末真题汇编

2 阅读理解-阅读单选7 试题基本信息 。题型：阅读理解·阅读单选(4题，约410词) 核心知识点：家人和亲人、哲理感悟、夹叙夹议 。考查重点：细节理解、推理判断、主旨大意、情感态度 材料剖析 。故事发展线索：作者带自闭症儿子Wilson海滩捡贝壳→作者找完美贝壳，Wlso加专注 收集破碎贝壳→作者困惑询问原因，Wlso如解释破碎贝壳的独特美感→作者被启发， 与儿子共同收集破碎贝壳并展示→感悟”不完美也有独特美”的人生哲理 ·感情发展线索：对儿子进步的欣慰→对破碎贝壳的困惑→被儿子启发后的感动→对 不完美之美的认可与欣赏+领悟”接纳缺陷，发现独特价值”的主旨 阅读理解短文 On a warm afternoon at the shore,my four-year-old son,Wilson,and I headed to the beach, our favorite evening escape.The sun was still bright as Wilson happily raced to the water's edge, letting the waves wet him.It's hard to believe that not long ago,his sensitivities from autism kept him from approaching the beach.After years of treatment,he now loves our seaside adventures,which fills me with joy.We used to look for seashells to fill our bucket ()On this day,there didn't seem to be too many shells washed up on the shore.As we collected seashells,I searched for perfect ones,while Wilson filled our bucket with broken pieces.I wondered why he was doing that.When I suggested finding whole shells,he simply gave me a puzzled look and continued picking up whatever he found,content with his unique collection.I continued my search for a while and then stopped to watch him place more broken shells into the bucket.Again,I stopped, but this time I asked in a firm voice,"Wilson,why do you keep filling our bucket with shells that are broken?"He looked up at me and said,"Mom,there are more broken shells on the beach than perfect ones.We'll fill the bucket faster with these broken ones."True,I thought,but who wants a bucketful of broken shells?Wilson stared at me and said,"Mom,these shells are broken,but they are still beautiful.""You're right,Wilson,"I replied."And,Mom,this one looks like a smile when you hold it this way,"he said as he reached for another broken shell."It reminds me of a clown.This one is round like the sun."Tears filled my eyes as I realized my son was teaching me an important lesson.I took out the perfect shells I had collected and placed them back on the beach. Wilson and I walked along,gathering only broken shells,and admiring their beauty.Back at our beach house,we washed the shells and proudly displayed our "broken shell garden".It reminded 3 us that none of us are perfect,but we all have unique beauty.Now,we collect only broken shells, finding beauty in their imperfections and learning from them. 题目列表 1.How did the author feel upon seeing her son's collection of broken shells at first? A.Annoyed. B.Confused C.Inspired. D.Amused. 2.According to this passage,it is clear that A.Wilson preferred to collect shells with his mother slowly B.broken shells were more beautiful than whole shells C.Wilson collected broken shells for their uniqueness D.broken shells reminded Wilson of his illness 3.In the end,the author A.encouraged her son to find faults in shells B.changed her view on broken shells C.blamed her son for being unique D.kept her belief in perfection 4.What can we learn from this passage? A.No sweet without sweat. B.Beauty is for a feeling heart C.Don't put all your eggs in one basket. D.A shell in the hand is worth two in the sea. 4 核心词汇详解 1.sensitivity 核心词性 名词(，高频核心)：核心含义一是”敏感；感受性”（生理或心理层面）， 例sensitivities from autism(自闭症带来的敏感)；二是”过敏”（医学相关）， 例food sensitivities(食物过敏)；三是”体贴；体恤”，强调对他人感受的察 觉，例show sensitivity to others(体谅他人)。 词性转换 形容词：sensitive,核心含义是”敏感的；易受影响的”，高考常用搭配be sensitive to(对…敏感)，例He is sensitive to criticism.(他对批评很敏 感)。 副词：sensitively,核心含义是”敏感地；体贴地”，例treat sb.sensitively (体贴地对待某人)。 动词：sensitize,核心含义是”使敏感；使意识到”，搭配sensitize sb.to sth. (使某人意识到某事)，例The campaign sensitized people to environmental issues.(这场运动使人们意识到环境问题)。 高频搭配 名词sensitivity的搭配：sensitivities to sth.(对…的敏感)、emotional sensitivities(情感敏感)、cultural sensitivities(文化敏感性)。 形容词sensitive的搭配：sensitive skin(敏感肌肤)、sensitive information (敏感信息)、sensitive topic(敏感话题)。 易混辨析 sensitivity vs sensibility:sensitivity侧重”生理或心理上的敏感反应”， 强调对外界刺激的感受力：sensibility侧重”情感；感受力”，更抽象，指对 艺术、情感等的细腻感知，例poetic sensibility(诗意的感受力)。 sensitive vs sensible:sensitive表示”敏感的；易受影响的”，例sensitive to pain(怕疼)：sensible表示”明智的；合理的”，例a sensible decision(明 智的决定)。 5 2.puzzled 核心词性 形容词(adj,高频核心)：核心含义是”困惑的；迷惑的”，修饰人，强调 因不理解而产生的迷茫状态，例a puzzled look(困惑的表情)，She looked puzzled by his question.(他的问题让她看起来很困惑). 动词(v.,高中略考)：过去式/过去分词，原形为puzzle,核心含义是”使 困惑；使迷惑”，例The problem puzzled him for days.(这个问题困扰了他 好几天)。 词性转换 动词原形：puzzle©，核心含义”使困惑；迷惑”，主动语态主语多为事物，例 What puzzles me most is his attitude..（最让我困惑的是他的态度)。 名词：puzzle,核心含义一是”谜；智力游戏”，例crossword puzzle(填字 游戏)：二是”难题；困惑”，例the puzzle of life(生命之谜)。 副词：puzzlingly,核心含义是”令人困惑地”，例He behaved puzzlingly.. (他的行为令人困惑)。 高频搭配 形容词puzzled的搭配：a puzzled expression(困惑的表情)、look puzzled (看起来困惑)、feel puzzled(感到困惑)。 动词puzzle的搭配：puzzle over sth.(苦苦思索某事)，例puzzle over a math problem(冥思苦想一道数学题)。 名词puzzle的搭配：solve a puzzle(解谜)、brain puzzle(脑力游戏)、puzzle box(谜盒). 易混辨析 puzzled vs puzzling:puzzled修饰人，表示”（人）感到困惑的”；puzzling 修饰事物，表示”（事物）令人困惑的”，例a puzzling situation(令人困惑 的情况)。 puzzle vs confuse:puzzle侧重”因复杂或难以理解而困惑”，强调需要 思考才能解决；confuse侧重”因混淆、混乱而无法清晰思考”，例I always confuse the twins.(我总把这对双胞胎弄混)。 6 3.imperfection 核心词性 名词（.，高频核心)：核心含义是”不完美；缺点：瑕疵”，可指事物或人 的缺陷，例the beauty of imperfection(不完美之美)，imperfections in the design(设计中的瑕疵)。 词性转换 形容词：imperfect,核心含义是”不完美的；有缺陷的”，高考常用搭配an imperfect world(不完美的世界)，例No one is perfects;we all have imperfect moments.(没有人是完美的，我们都有不完美的时刻)。 反义词：perfect(adj.完美的)、perfection(n.完美)，例strive for perfection (追求完美)。 副词：imperfectly,核心含义是”不完美地；有缺陷地”，例The task was imperfectly done.(这项任务完成得不够完美)。 高频搭配 名词imperfection的搭配：natural imperfections(自然瑕疵)、accept im- perfection(接受不完美)、imperfections in sth.（某物中的缺陷)、beauty in imperfection(不完美中的美)。 形容词imperfect的搭配：imperfect knowledge(不完整的知识)、imperfect system(不完善的体系)、imperfect memory(不完美的记忆)。 易混辨析 imperfection vs flaw:imperfection泛指”任何不完美之处”，程度可轻 可重，强调与完美的差距；aw侧重”影响整体质量的缺陷、瑕疵”，更具体， 例a flaw in the diamond(钻石上的瑕疵)，a character faw(性格缺陷)。 imperfection vs defect:imperfection较主观，可指无伤大雅的小缺点； defect侧重”功能上的缺陷、毛病”，更正式，例a genetic defect(基因缺陷)， product defects(产品缺陷)。 4.admire 核心词性 动词(v,高频核心)：核心含义一是”钦佩；赞赏”，强调因品质、能力等 而尊敬，例admire her courage(钦佩她的勇气)；二是”欣赏；观赏”，指对 美景、艺术品等的赞美，例admire the sunset(欣赏日落)：三是”称赞；赞 美”，例Everyone admired his work.(大家都称赞他的作品)。 词性转换 名词：admiration,核心含义是”钦佩；赞赏”，高考常用搭配express admi- ration for(对…表示钦佩)，例She looked at him with admiration.(她 钦佩地看着他)。 形容词：admirable,核心含义是”令人钦佩的；值得赞赏的”，例an admirable achievement(令人钦佩的成就)。 副词：admirably,核心含义是”极好地；令人钦佩地”，例He handled the situation admirably.(他极好地处理了这个局面)。 高频搭配 动词admire的搭配：admire sb.for sth.(因某事钦佩某人)，例I admire her for her honesty.(我钦佩她的诚实)；admire oneself in the mirror(对着 镜子自我欣赏)；admire the view(欣赏风景)。 名词admiration的搭配：win admiration(赢得赞赏)、in admiration(钦佩 地)、with admiration(带着钦佩)。 易混辨析 admire vs respect:admire侧重”因他人的才华、成就、品质等而产生的 欣赏和赞美”；respect侧重”因对方的地位、品德或能力而表示尊重”，例I respect my parents.(我尊敬我的父母)。 admire vs envy:admire是”赞赏；钦佩”，不含负面情绪；envy是”羡 慕；嫉妒”，带有渴望拥有他人所拥有的事物的情绪，例I envy her success. (我羡慕她的成功)。 答案与逐题解析 正确答案：24-27BCCB 1.B (Confused.) 考点：细节理解题 语境逻辑：文中提到作者看到儿子收集破贝壳时，'I wondered why he was doing that'”(我想知 道他为什么这么做)，随后又用firm voice'”提问"Why do you keep filling our bucket with shells that are broken?”(你为什么一直用破贝壳装满桶？)。这些细节表明作者最初对儿子的行为感到 困惑。 选项辨析：A.Annoyed(恼怒的)文中无体现；B.Confused(困惑的)符合”想知道原因”的 心理；C.Inspired(受启发的)是后续领悟后的感受：D.Amused(被逗乐的)与语境不符。 2.C (Wilson collected broken shells for their uniqueness) 考点：推理判断题 语境逻辑：Vilson说"these shells are broken,but they are still beautiful”,并举例This one looks like a smile..It reminds me of a clown.This one is round like the sun”,表明他因破贝 8 壳的独特形态和美感而收集。 选项辨析：A.Wlso未提及”喜欢和母亲慢慢收集”；B.文中未说破贝壳比完整贝壳”更美丽”， 而是强调其独特美；C.符合Wlso对破贝壳独特性的欣赏；D.破贝壳未让他想起疾病，而是 让他发现独特美。 3.B (changed her view on broken shells) 考点：细节理解题 语境逻辑：作者最初寻找”perfect shells”,后来”took out the perfect shells.placed them back. gathering only broken shells,and admiring their beauty”,并与儿子一起展示"broken shell gar den”,说明她改变了对破贝壳的看法。 选项辨析：A.作者未鼓励儿子找贝壳的缺点；B.符合她从追求完美到欣赏残缺美的转变；C 作者未责备儿子：D.她放弃了对完美的坚持，转向欣赏不完美。 4.B (Beauty is for a feeling heart.) 考点：主旨大意题 语境逻辑：全文核心是Wilson教会作者”none of us are perfect,.but we all have unique beauty”, 即美源于内心对独特性的感知。 选项辨析：A.”一分耕耘一分收获”与主题无关；B.”美是心灵的感受”符合从残缺中发现美 的主旨：C.”不要孤注一掷”未体现：D.”一鸟在手胜过双鸟在林”强调珍惜拥有，与本文不符。