阅读理解5-北京市部分地区近两年（2024-2025）高三英语期末真题汇编

1 阅读理解-阅读表达5 试题基本信息 。题型：阅读理解-阅读表达（约350词) 。核心知识点：社会问题与社会现象、哲理感悟 。考查重点：细节信息查找、例证目的理解、文本信息辨析、推理概括与表达 材料剖析 。文章主题：通过“1+1”的数学问题探讨数学的本质，强调质疑、推理和探索过程的重要 性。 ·结构线索：引出问题→举例说明“1+1”结果的多样性→阐述数学推理的价值→总结 数学应鼓励好奇心和探索。 。 情感发展：从常规认知的质疑到多角度思考的启发，最终强调过程重于结果。 阅读表达短文 +1=MORE (or LESS)Why does one plus one equal two?One possible answer is simply "It just does!"or "Because I said so!"-an answer that frustrates children for generations.But rather than asking why one plus one is two,let's question if it's always true.Sometimes,one plus one equals more than two,For example,if two pairs of tennis players get together,there are more than two pairs because they can play in different combinations.If the first pair is A and B,and the second is C and D,the possible pains are AB,AC,AD,BC,and CD-making six.Sometimes, one plus one equals just one,like when you combine two piles of sand or mix two colors there's only one pile or one color,Math isn't just about finding the right answer,it's about building solid reasoning.This is why children need to learn different"strategies"for the same problem.Though parents often wonder if they can do something one way,why they need to know all these other ways?But different ways of thinking lead to deeper understanding and provide more ways to check if what you're doing is secure.Consider designing a jungle gym.We'd want to test it in every way to ensure it's safe-by jumping,swinging,or puling it apart-rather than simply trusting that it's well-built.The strength of math comes from questioning its framework so deeply.I hope that mathematics should be seen as a place to pose questions and explore answers,rather than a place where the answers are fixed.We should encourage curiosity and value those who pursue it,even when the journey is slow or uncertain. 2 问题列表 40.According to the passage,when does one plus one equal just one? 41.What does the example of designing the jungle gym try to tell us? 42.Decide which part of the following statement is wrong.Underline it and explain why. >The strength of math lies in questioning its framework,so the math should be a place to explore fixed answers. 43.When exploring answers or solutions,what quality/qualities do we need and why? (In about 40 words) 核心词汇详解 1.frustrate 核心词性 动词(v,高频核心)：核心含义一是“使沮丧；使懊恼”（侧重因受阻而产 生的负面情绪)，例The difficult problem frustrated him.(这道难题让他很 沮丧)：二是“阻碍：挫败”（强调阻止计划或努力成功），例Their attempts were frustrated by bad weather.(他们的尝试因恶劣天气而受挫)。 词性转换 名词：frustration(挫折)、形容词：frustrated(感到沮丧的) 例：a feeling of frustration(挫折感) 高频搭配 动词：frustrate one's efforts(挫败某人的努力)、frustrate easily(容易沮丧) 易混辨析 frustrate vs annoy:前者强调因受阻而沮丧，后者侧重因千扰而恼怒 2.combination 核心词性 名词(n,高频核心)：核心含义一是“结合；联合”（抽象概念，强调事物 间的关联)，常用搭配a combination of..(…的结合)；二是“组合；组 合体”（具体事物的搭配），例different combinations of colors(不同的颜色 组合)：三是数学领域“组合”，例combination problems(组合问题)。 词性转换 动词：combine(结合)、形容词：combined(结合的) 例：combine theory with practice（理论结合实践) 高频搭配 名词：chemical combination(化学结合)、in combination with(与…结 合) 易混辨析 combination vs mixture:前者强调有序结合，后者侧重混合无秩序 3 3.framework 核心词性 名词(，高频核心)：核心含义一是“框架：结构”（具体事物的支撑架构）， 例a metal framework（金属框架)；二是“体系：机制”（抽象概念的理论 框架)，例the framework of a theory(理论框架)；三是“参照标准；准则”， 例within the framework of the law(在法律框架内)。 词性转换 动词：frame(构建；设计) 例：frame a policy(制定政策) 高频搭配 名词：conceptual framework(概念框架)、regulatory framework(监管框架) 易混辨析 framework vs structure: 前者侧重抽象体系，后者强调物理结构 4.reasoning 核心词性 名词(n,高频核心)：核心含义是“推理；论证”（逻辑思维过程），例logical easoning(逻辑推理)：二是“论据；理由”，例His reasoning was sound. (他的论据很有说服力)。 动词(v.,派生考点)：reason的现在分词，含义“推理；思考”，例easoning skills(推理能力)。 词性转换 动词：reason(推理)、形容词：reasonable(合理的) 例：reason from evidence(根据证据推理) 高频搭配 名词：deductive reasoning(演绎推理)、flawed reasoning(有缺陷的推理) 易混辨析 reasoning vs logic:前者强调思维过程，后者侧重逻辑学原理 5.strategy 核心词性 名词(，高频核心)：核心含义一是“策略：计策”（达成目标的计划），常 用搭配a strategy for.(…的策略)；二是“战略；战略学”（军事或宏观层 面)，例military strategy(军事战略)：三是“对策”，例emergency strategies (应急对策)。 词性转换 形容词：strategic(战略的)、动词：strategize(制定战略) 例：strategic planning(战略规划) 高频搭配 名词：business strategy(商业策略)、learning strategy(学习策略) 易混辨析 strategy vs tactic:前者宏观长期，后者具体短期 6.secure 核心词性 形容词(adj,高频核心)：核心含义一是“安全的：稳固的”（无危险或风 险)，例a secure job(稳定的工作)；二是“安心的；有把握的”，例feel secure about the future(对未来感到安心)；三是“牢固的：结实的”，例 secure foundations(牢固的基础)。 动词（v.,高中略考)：含义“保护；使安全”，例secure the building(保护 大楼安全)；二是“获得；取得”（正式用法），例secure a contract(获得合 同)。 词性转换 名词：security(安全)、副词：securely(安全地) 例：national security(国家安全) 高频搭配 形容词：secure environment(安全环境)、verb:secure data(保护数据) 易混辨析 secure vs safe: 前者强调稳固可靠，后者侧重无危险 7.curiosity 核心词性 名词(n,高频核心)：核心含义一是“好奇心；求知欲”，常用搭配out of curiosit(出于好奇)；二是“奇物；珍品”（冷门含义），例a collection of curiosities(一批珍品收藏)。 词性转换 形容词：curious（好奇的)、副词：curiously(好奇地) 例：a curious child(好奇的孩子) 高频搭配 名词：intellectual curiosity(求知欲)、arouse curiosity(激起好奇心) 易混辨析 curiosity vs interest:前者强调新奇探索，后者侧重关注喜好 8.pursue 核心词性 动词(v,高频核心)：核心含义一是“追求；致力于”（目标或事业），例 pursue a career in medicine(从事医学事业)：二是“继续；执行”（活动或 研究)，例pursue the investigation(继续调查)；三是“追赶：追踪”，例 pursue a criminal(追捕罪犯)。 词性转换 名词：pursuit(追求)、形容词：pursuing(追求的) 例：in pursuit of happiness(追求幸福) 高频搭配 动词：pursue knowledge(追求知识)、pursue one's dream(追逐梦想) 易混辨析 pursue vs chase:前者抽象追求，后者物理追赶 5 9.uncertain 核心词性 形容词(adj.,高频核心)：核心含义一是“不确定的；没把握的”（对结果 未知)，例uncertain weather(多变的天气)；二是“犹豫的；迟疑的”，例 He was uncertain about the decision..(他对这个决定犹豫不决)；三是“不 稳定的；不牢靠的”，例an uncertain future(不稳定的未来)。 词性转换 名词：uncertainty(不确定性)、副词：uncertainly(不确定地) 例：economic uncertainty(经济不确定性) 高频搭配 形容词：uncertain outcome(不确定的结果)、feel uncertain(感到不确定) 易混辨析 uncertain vs unsure: 前者强调客观不确定，后者侧重主观没把握 10.frustrates 核心词性 动词(v.,派生考点)：frustrate的第三人称单数形式，含义“使沮丧：阻 碍”，例This problem frustrates many students.(这个问题让很多学生感到 沮丧)。 词性转换 同frustrate, 见词汇1。 高频搭配 动词：frustrates efforts(挫败努力)、frustrates progress(阻碍进展) 易混辨析 同frustrate,见词汇1。 答案与逐题解析 正确答案： 40.When you combine two piles of sand or mix two colors. 41.Different ways of thinking lead to deeper understanding and provide more ways to check if what you're doing is secure. 42.Underline "fixed answers".The passage states math should be a place to pose questions and explore answers,not fixed ones. 43.Curiosity.Because the passage encourages curiosity and values those who pursue it even in slow or uncertain journeys. 40.答案：When you combine two piles of sand or mix two colors. 考点：细节信息查找 语境逻辑：文中明确提到“Sometimes,one plus one equals just one,like when you combine two piles of sand or mix two colors..”,直接定位即可得出答案。 解析：该问题要求找出“1+1=1”的具体情境，文章通过举例直接给出了答案，无需推理。 41.:Different ways of thinking lead to deeper understanding and provide more ways to check if what you're doing is secure. 考点：例证目的理解 语境逻辑：前文提到“different ways of thinking lead to deeper understanding and provide more 6 ways to check if what you're doing is secure”,随后用设计攀爬架举例“test it in every way to ensure it's safe”,可知该例是为了说明不同思考方式的重要性。 解析：例子服务于前文观点，旨在强调多角度思考的价值，而非单纯描述测试方法。 42.答案：Underline”fixed answers”.The passage states math should be a place to pose questions and explore answers,not fixed ones. 考点：文本信息辨析与纠错 语境逻辑：文中指出“I hope that mathematics should be seen as a place to pose questions and explore answers,rather than a place where the answers are fixed”,原句中“fixed answers”与 文意相悖，应强调“explore answers”而非“fixed answers”。 解析：数学的本质是探索未知，而非追求固定答案，原句错误部分与文章主旨冲突。 43.:Curiosity.Because the passage encourages curiosity and values those who pursue it even in slow or uncertain journeys. 考点：推理概括与表达 语境逻辑：文章结尾提到“We should encourage curiosity and value those who pursue it.”,可 见探索答案时需要好奇心，原因是其在过程中的重要性。 解析：文章强调探索过程中的品质，好奇心能驱动持续探索，尤其在困难或不确定时。