七选五8-北京市部分地区近两年（2024-2025）高三英语期末真题汇编

1 阅读理解-七选五8 试题基本信息 。题型：阅读理解-七选五（约260词） 核心知识点：社交礼仪及规则 ·考查重点：上下文逻辑衔接、段落主旨理解、词义辨析 材料剖析 ·文章结构：引入话题→赞美的普遍模式→性别差异影响→有效赞美标准→接受赞美 条件 ·主旨线索：赞美虽简单但需技巧→赞美有固定模式→赞美内容受性别影响→有效赞 美需可信、恰当、纯粹→接受赞美需来源可信、态度真诚、场景合适 七选五短文 While compliments (may seem simple,they can have a large impact on you and the people around you,creating a ripple of positivity.However,giving compliments requires skills and knowledge. Most compliments in our culture follow a very predictable pattern.About two-thirds of compliments in the US are made using just five adjectives:nice,good,beautiful,pretty,and great. In addition,about 80 For example,in 2011 a scholar showed that women in unstructured settings both give and receive far more compliments than men.About three-quarters of women's compliments to other women in an unstructured,informal setting involve appearance.In a goal-oriented,formal setting, 68 Whether the compliment is effective depends on whether it is believable,appropriate,and un- qualified.If you tell me my hair looks good,I will dismiss it and suspect your motives,because I have little hair.More generally,people with low self-esteem don't usually receive compliments well.As researchers have shown,in people with high self-esteem,a compliment stimulates parts of the brain responsible for self-referential thinking.This occurs significantly less for people who have low self-esteem. Even if a compliment agrees with one's self-conception,scholars concluded,it must meet three criteria to be accepted by its object.It must be sincere.And it must occur in the appropriate context. 2 题目选项列表 1.A.It must follow the basic patterns. 2.B.The praise must come from a person with credibility to give it. 3.C.What we choose to compliment depends on gender differences. 4.D.A good compliment must not conflict with its recipient's self-conception. 5.E.If people have negative view of a person,they would resist his compliments. 6.F.In contrast,men are more likely to compliment one another on performance in all settings. 7.G.They are generally directed toward another person's appearance,performance,or possessions. 核心词汇详解 1.ripple 核心词性 名词(.，高频核心)：核心含义一是”涟漪：波纹”（具体水面现象)，常用 搭配ripple effect(涟漪效应)；二是”连锁反应：影响”（抽象概念，侧重逐 渐扩散的效果)，例a ripple of applause(一阵扩散开的掌声) 动词（v,高中 核心含义：（水面）起涟；（声音、感觉等）扩散；传开，例The news rippled 略考) through the crowd..(消息在人群中传开了) 2.predictable 核心词性 形容词（adj,高频核心)：核心含义是”可预测的；意料之中的”，侧重”按 规律或常识能推断出结果”，常用搭配predictable pattern(可预测的模式)； 反义词unpredictable(不可预测的)为高考重点衍生词 3.scholar 核心词性 名词(，高频核心)：核心含义一是”学者：学术研究者”（尤指某一领域的 专家)，例a history scholar(历史学者)：二是”奖学金获得者”，例a Rhodes scholar(罗德奖学金获得者) 4.unstructured 核心词性 形容词(adj,高中核心)：核心含义是”无组织的；无结构的；松散的”，侧 重”缺乏明确规则、框架或计划”，常用搭配nstructured setting(非正式场 合；无固定结构的环境)；反义词structured(有组织的；结构化的)为对比 考点 3 5.informal 核心词性 形容词(dj,高频核心)：核心含义是”非正式的；随意的”，侧重”场合、 语言或行为的非官方、轻松性质”，常用搭配informal setting(非正式场合)、 informal language(非正式语言)：反义词formal(正式的)为高考高频对比 词 6.goal-oriented 核心词性 形容词(adj,高中核心)：核心含义是”以目标为导向的：注重目标的”，侧 重”行动或思维围绕达成特定目标展开”，常用搭配goal-oriented setting（目 标导向的场合)、goal-oriented person(有目标导向的人) 7.believable 核心词性 形容词（adj,高频核心)：核心含义是”可信的；可相信的，侧重”内容 或人值得被信任”，常用搭配believable compliment(可信的赞扬)；反义词 unbelievable(难以置信的)为高考重点衍生词 8.unqualified 核心词性 形容词(adj,高中核心)：核心含义一是”无保留的；完全的；绝对的”（褒 义，强调程度)，常用搭配unqualified praise(毫无保留的赞扬)；二是”无 资格的：不合格的”（贬义），例unqualified for the job(不具备job资格)， 需结合语境区分 9.dismiss 核心词性 动词(v,高频核心)：核心含义一是”不予理会；不考虑”，侧重”主观上 拒绝接受或重视”，例dismiss the idea(不考虑这个想法)；二是”解雇；开 除”，例dismiss an employee(解雇员工)；三是”解散（会议、课堂等）”， 例dismiss the class(下课) 10.self-esteem 核心词性 名词(，高频核心)：核心含义是”自尊；自尊心”，抽象不可数名词，侧 重”对自己的评价和尊重程度”，常用搭配high self-esteem(高自尊)、low self-esteem(低自尊)；同义替换self-respect(自尊)为高考阅读常见考点 11.stimulate 核心词性 动词(v,高频核心)：核心含义是”刺激；促进：激发”，侧重”通过外界因 素使事物活跃或发展”，常用搭配stimulate the brain(刺激大脑)、stimulate interest(激发兴趣)；名词形式stimulation(刺激；激励)为写作高频词 12.recipient 核心词性 名词(.，高中核心)：核心含义是”接受者：收受者”，侧重”接收某物（如 礼物、信息、奖项等)的人”，常用搭配recipient of the compliment(赞扬 的接受者)：反义词giver(给予者)为对比考点 13.credibility 核心词性 名词(，高频核心)：核心含义是”可信度；可靠性”，抽象不可数名词，侧 重”某人或某事被信任的程度”，常用搭配credibility to give it(给予评价的 可信度)；形容词credible(可信的)为高考核心衍生词 答案与逐题解析 正确答案：35-39 GCFDB 1.35.G (They are generally directed toward another person's appearance,perfor- mance,or possessions.) 考点：上下文衔接+段落主旨 语境：前文提到Most compliments..follow a very predictable pattern”,后文举例”about two- thirds.five adjectives”和80%..three formats'”,说明赞美有固定模式。G选项”通常指向外貌、 表现或财产”是对”pattern”的具体解释，与后文”appearance'"performance”等细节呼应。 辨析：其他选项中，C提到性别差异，F提到男性，均与该段”普遍模式”主题无关；G的”thy 指代前文”compliments”,符合语法逻辑。 2.36.C (What we choose to compliment depends on gender differences. 考点：段落主旨+上下文过渡 语境：后文举例”women..more compliments than men”women's compliments.involve appear- ance”formal setting..68%about performance”,说明性别影响赞美内容。C选项”选择赞美什 么取决于性别差异”总领该段，与后文”women”men”的对比形成衔接。 辨析：F提到男性，但属于C主题下的具体对比；C作为段落主题句，符合”总-分”结构。 3.37.F(In contrast,men are more likely to compliment one another on performance in all settings.) 考点：上下文对比+逻辑衔接 语境：前文说"women..in unstructured...appearance'”formal.performance?”,F选项以"In con- trast'”开头，对比男性”所有场合更可能赞美表现”，与前文”women”形成性别对比，且”performance'” 5 与前文"68%about performance'”呼应。 辨析：F中的”all settings'”与女性"unstructured”和”formal'”的差异形成对比，符合”男女差 异”主题。 4.38.D (A good compliment must not conflict with its recipient's self-conception.) 考点：段落主旨十例证支持 语境：后文举例"if you tell me my hair looks good...I have little hair”,说明赞美若与对方自 我认知冲突则无效。D选项”好的赞美不应与接受者的自我认知冲突”总领该段，与后文”0w self-esteem don't receive well""self-conception”等关键词呼应。 辨析：E提到”负面看法”，与”自我认知”无关；D直接点出”self-conception”,与例子逻辑一 致。 5.39.B (The praise must come from a person with credibility to give it.) 考点：并列结构+细节衔接 语境：前文提到"three criteria to be accepted”,后文已列”sincere””appropriate context”,B选 项”来自有可信度的人”是第三个标准，且”credibility”与believable'”(前文”effective depends on believable”)呼应。 辨析：A重复前文basic patterns”,与”criteria”无关；B作为第三个标准，符合”credibility→believable” 的逻辑。