七选五6-北京市部分地区近两年（2024-2025）高三英语期末真题汇编

1 阅读理解-七选五6 试题基本信息 。题型：阅读理解七选五（约290词） 。 核心知识点：方法/策略、社会问题与社会现象 ·考查重点：上下文逻辑衔接、段落主旨概括、论点论据匹配 材料剖析 ·第一段：引出手机频繁查看现象+分析行为特征：描述无意识刷手机的普遍场景，通过 研究数据指出89%的手机查看是无计划、自动发生的，强调人们对持续刺激的依赖。 ·第二段：解释行为背后的生理机制：从大脑本能出发，说明其对知识、娱乐等奖励的渴求， 而手机作为便捷的”奖励buffet'”,满足了大脑的即时需求。 。第三段：辩证讨论手机查看的影响：先指出单次快速查看危害不大，再转折强调长期频繁 刷手机会对工作、关系、睡眠及人身安全产生负面影响。 ·第四段：补充心理层面的负面效应：在第三段讨论外在影响的基础上，提出心理层面的问 题一因屈服于查看冲动而产生的内疚感和失败感会加剧心理负担。 。第五段：提出打破频繁查看习惯的方法：针对前文问题，给出建立自我意识的解决途径， 建议通过反思行为动机（如是否在拖延任务）来减少无意识刷手机。 阅读理解短文 You're standing in line at the grocery store or waiting for an elevator.You have no more than a minute to kill.And yet,before you've even realized what you're doing,you've pulled out your phone and have begun to mindlessly scroll (through apps.35 Research suggests plenty of people do the same thing.Only 11%of people's smartphone checks were in response to a notification.For the rest of the time,they checked their phones totally unplanned,often without thinking through why they were doing it.We're so used to constant stimulation that we feel uncomfortable when we're not doing anything,even for just a few seconds. Our brains are hardwired to seek out rewards like knowledge,entertainment,and social connec- tion.All of those things were much harder to find before we had tiny computers at our fingertips. Now we do.Our phones are basically all-you-can-eat buffets for our brains,endlessly and easily serving up the things they want.36 A quick phone check probably isn't doing your brain any real harm.37 Over time,constant scrolling could have a negative effect on your job performance,relationships,sleep,and possibly even physical safety,if you're doing things like checking your phone while you walk or drive.38 When you give in to your urges and check your phone,then feel guilty about it,the feeling of failure 2 adds shame to injury. If you want to break the habit of constant checking,you'll have to work at it.Building awareness is a good way.39 For example,next time you catch yourself scrolling through short videos without even absorbing the content,think about whether you really want to be on your phone,or you are just putting off a less-fun task. 题目选项列表 A.Checking your phone is often automatic. B.There's also a mental-health element to consider. C.Of course our minds can't help but feed themselves. D.Start going without your phone for set periods of time. E.The urge to check your phone is often related to stress relief. F.Take a moment to ask yourself what is driving your behavior. G.But it's also worth considering how all those little checks add up. 核心词汇详解 1.stimulation 核心词性 名词(，高频核心)：刺激；激发（指对感官、思想或身体的刺激作用） 常用搭配：sensory stimulation(感官刺激)、intellectual stimulation(智力 激励) 动词(v.,同根词)：stimulate,核心含义是”刺激；促进；激发” 例：The book stimulated debate.(这本书激发了辩论。) 词性转换 形容词：stimulating(令人兴奋的；启发性的) 名词：stimulus(刺激物：促进因素) 高频搭配 provide stimulation(提供刺激)、lack of stimulation(缺乏刺激)、emotional stimulation(情感刺激) 易混辨析 stimulation vs motivation:stimulation侧重”通过外部因素使身体或精 神受到刺激而活跃”；motivation侧重”内在的动力或动机” 3 2.buffet 核心词性 名词(，高频核心)：自助餐（指顾客自己取食物的餐饮方式） 常用搭配：buffet dinner(自助晚餐)、cold buffet(冷自助餐) 动词(v,高中略考)：连续猛击：反复敲打 例：The ship was buffeted by waves..(船被波浪连续猛击。) 词性转换 形容词：buffeted(受到连续打击的；遭受重创的) 高频搭配 buffet restaurant(自助餐厅)、buffet table(自助餐桌) 易混辨析 buffet vs cafeteria:buffet指”顾客自己从摆放的食物中取餐”；cafeteria 指”学校、公司等的自助餐厅” 3.urges 核心词性 名词(，高频核心)：强烈的欲望；冲动（强调难以控制的渴望） 常用搭配：the urge to eat(进食的欲望)、strong urge(强烈的欲望) 动词(v,高频核心)：催促；力劝；强烈要求 例：She urged him to go.(她催促他走。) 词性转换 形容词：urgent(紧急的；紧迫的)、副词：urgently(紧急地；迫切地) 高频搭配 resist the urge(抵制欲望)、have an urge to do sth.(有做某事的欲望) 易混辨析 urge vs desire:urge强调”非常强烈、难以抑制的欲望”；desire侧重”对 某物的渴望，语气相对较弱” 4.guilty 核心词性 形容词(adj,高频核心)：内疚的：自责的：有罪的：犯罪的 常用搭配：feel guilty about sth.(对某事感到内疚)、be guilty of murder(犯 谋杀罪) 名词(n,同根词)：guilt(内疚；罪责) 例：a sense of guilt（内疚感) 词性转换 副词：guiltily(内疚地；有罪地) 高频搭配 be guilty of(犯…罪；对…感到内疚)、guilty conscience(良心不安) 易混辨析 guilty vs ashamed:guilty侧重”因做错事或犯罪而感到内疚”；ashamed 侧重”因行为不道德而感到羞耻” 5.awareness 核心词性 名词(，高频核心)：意识；认识；知道（强调对某事物的了解或察觉） 常用搭配：environmental awareness(环保意识)、public awareness(公众意 识) 动词(v.,同根词)：aware（意识到的；知道的) 例：be aware of(意识到) 词性转换 形容词：aware(意识到的；知道的) 高频搭配 raise awareness (提高意识)、lack of awareness(缺乏意识) 易混辨析 awareness vs consciousness:awareness侧重”对外部事物的认识”；con- sciousness侧重”人的清醒状态、意识本身” 答案与逐题解析 正确答案：35A36C37G38B39F 1.35 A (Checking your phone is often automatic. 考点：段落主旨+上下文衔接 语境逻辑：前文描述”无意识掏出手机刷应用”的场景，后文通过数据”仅11%的查看是响应 通知，其余是无计划的”进一步说明行为的自发性。A项”查看手机通常是无意识的”总结该现 象，与unplanned"without thinking”形成呼应。 选项辨析：其余选项中，C强调”大脑忍不住自我满足”，G讨论”小检查的累积效应”，均与” 无计划、无意识”的核心不符。 2.36 C (Of course our minds can't help but feed themselves. 考点：逻辑衔接+代词指代 语境逻辑：前文指出”手机像自助餐，不断提供大脑想要的东西（知识、娱乐、社交）”，C项 中”feed themselves”(自我满足)与”al-you-can-eat buffets'"serving up the things they want” 形成比喻呼应，”our minds”指代前文”our brains”,逻辑连贯。 选项辨析：A重复”无意识查看”话题，与”大脑主动寻求奖励”的递进关系不符；E提及”压 力缓解”，原文未涉及该角度。 3.37 G (But it's also worth considering how all those little checks add up. 考点：转折逻辑+上下文对比 语境逻辑：前文说”单次快速查看可能无害”，后文转而讨论”长期滚动对工作、关系、睡眠的 负面影响”，G项中"but”引出转折，”all those little checks add up”(小检查的累积效应)衔 接”single check”与”over time”的对比，为后文”负面影响”铺垫。 选项辨析：B涉及”心理健康”，与后文”job performance,relationships'”等多方面影响相比范 围过窄：D建议”设定无手机时段”，属于解决措施，与后文”负面影响”的问题陈述脱节。 4.38 B (There's also a mental-health element to consider. 考点：段落主旨+并列结构 语境逻辑：前文列举”工作、关系、睡眠、安全”等实际影响，后文补充”因屈服于冲动而内疚， 失败感加剧羞耻感”，B项”心理健康因素”概括后者，”lso”体现与前文”多方面影响”的并列 5 关系。 选项辨析：F强调”反思行为动机”，属于解决方法，与”心理伤害”的问题描述不符；E”压力 缓解”与”内疚、羞耻”的负面情绪矛盾。 5.39 F (Take a moment to ask yourself what is driving your behavior.) 考点：论点+论据匹配 语境逻辑：前文提出”打破习惯需培养意识”，后文举例”刷短视频时思考是否真的想玩手机，还 是在拖延任务”，F项”花时间问自己行为的驱动力”是对”building awareness'”的具体阐释，与 例子中”think about whether.”直接呼应。 选项辨析：D”设定无手机时段”是具体方法，但后文例子聚焦”即时反思动机”，F更贴 合”awareness'”的核心；G讨论”累积效应”，与”培养意识”的解决措施无关。