阅读理解120-北京市部分地区近两年（2024-2025）高二英语期末真题汇编

1 阅读理解-阅读单选120 试题基本信息 。题型：阅读理解-阅读单选（约370词) 。核心知识点：哲理感悟、记叙文、个人经历 ·考查重点：细节理解、人物性格推断、主旨大意 材料剖析 ·故事发展线索：未能入选啦啦队→自主练习啦啦队动作→在父亲建议下尝试田径→首 次田径赛季表现不佳但坚持完成→再次报名长跑并取得优异成绩→获得大学体育奖学 金→感悟做自己的重要性 。感情发展线索：失落尴尬→期待尝试→挫败想放弃→坚定坚持→挑战自我→自豪 满足→平静领悟+领悟主旨（应忠于自我，而非随波逐流） 阅读理解短文 Running with Heart My name was missing from the list.All my friends had made the cheer-leading team.But somehow my name was not there.I felt lost and embarrassed.Knowing that next year would bring a new round of try-outs,I began practicing routines on my own,hoping to become a cheerleader the next year.But my dad suggested that I get involved in running track-just to try it out for a year.I had always been the fastest kid to run a mile in gym class,so I figured that I might as well sign up for running for just one season.I had no idea what I was getting myself into.In the first race on the track team,I took the last place.Race after race,I continued to place last and I felt my lungs burning from the effort.I wanted to quit,feeling like a failure.But my dad reminded me that once you are committed to something,you should always follow through.So I finished my first track season,placing last in every race. The next year came.Although running was not a popular activity,like cheer-leading was at our school,I signed up again to run the long-distance races.I wanted to challenge myself.Within one year,I became the fastest female cross-country runner on our school's team.A few years later, I placed 3rd in the Ohio State meet.Not only that,but I was offered an athletic scholarship for college. Classmates may have laughed at me for choosing running over cheer-leading,but I didn't care.I wasn't running track to be cool or to prove anything to anyone else.Running made me proud of who I was.When I chose to be a runner,I chose to be true to myself.We all make that choice every day-we can be who we were born to be or we can simply follow the crowd.For me, 2 I am happiest to be...just me. 题目选项列表 1.24.After failing to make the cheer-leading team,the author ·A.wanted to quit ·B.blamed her father C.turned to her friends .D.continued to practice 2.25.The author managed to finish her first track season mainly because she. A.wanted to prove herself B.was inspired by her father C.got an athletic scholarship D.performed well in the races 3.26.Which of the following words can best describe the author? .A.Confident and honest. B.Creative and ambitious C.Generous and committed. D.Hardworking and determined. 4.27.In the passage,the author mainly wants to show that we should. A.follow others'opinions B.try out for popular activities C.appreciate who we really are D.help those who are in trouble 3 核心词汇详解 1.embarrassed 核心词性 形容词(adj,高频核心)：尴尬的；窘迫的（因社交场合或自身失误感到不 自在)，例She felt embarrassed when she tripped in public..(她在公共场合 绊倒时感到尴尬)；难为情的；局促不安的，强调因害羞或愧疚产生的心理 状态，例He was embarrassed to ask for help.(他不好意思求助)。 动词(v.,高中略考)：embarrass,核心含义是“使尴尬；使窘迫”，侧重 通过言行或情境让人陷入不自在的境地，例The question embarrassed him (这个问题让他很尴尬)。 词性转换 名词：embarrassment,核心含义是“尴尬；窘迫”，抽象不可数名词，例 She tried to hide her embarrassment.(她试图掩饰自己的尴尬)。 副词：embarrassedly,核心含义是“尴尬地；难堪地”，修饰动作或状态，例 He smiled embarrassedly.(他尴尬地笑了笑)。 高频搭配 形容词embarrassed的搭配：feel embarrassed about(因…感到尴尬)、be embarrassed to do sth.(做某事感到难为情)、look embarrassed(看起来很 尴尬)。 动词embarrass的搭配：embarrass sb.with sth.(用某事使某人尴尬)、be embarrassed by(被…弄得尴尬)。 易混辨析 embarrassed(adj.)vs embarrassing(adj.):embarrassed修饰人，表 示“（人）感到尴尬的”；embarrassing修饰事物，表示“（事物）令人尴尬 的”，例an embarrassing moment(一个令人尴尬的时刻)。 embarrass vs shame:embarrass强调“因突发情境或社交失误产生的短 暂不自在”；shame侧重“因道德过错或丢脸行为产生的长期羞耻感”，程度 更深。 2.commit 核心词性 动词(v.,高频核心)：核心含义一是“承诺：保证”（后接todo或that从 句)，例She committed to finish the task on time.(她承诺按时完成任务)： 二是“投入（时间、精力等）”，搭配commit.to.,例He committed all his energy to the project..(他把所有精力投入到这个项目中)；三是“犯（错误、 罪行等)”，例commit a crime(犯罪)。 名词(n.,低频补充)：commitment,核心含义是“承诺：献身；投入”，高 频搭配make a commitment(做出承诺)、commitment to sth.(对某事的投 入)。 词性转换 形容词：committed,核心含义是“坚定的：忠诚的；投入的”，高考常用搭 配be committed to(致力于…)，例a committed teacher(一位敬业的老 师)。 名词：commitment,核心含义同上，为动词commit的名词形式，是高考 书面表达高频词。 高频搭配 动词commit的搭配：commit to doing sth.(承诺做某事)、commit oneself to(使自己致力于)、commit a mistake(犯错误)、commit suicide(自杀， 注意为委婉表达)。 名词commitment的搭配：sense of commitment(责任感)、fulfill a com- mitment(履行承诺)、emotional commitment(情感投入)。 易混辨析 commit(v.)vs promise(v.):commit比promise更正式，强调“严肃、 有约束力的承诺”，常与to搭配；promise更口语化，侧重“口头保证”，后 接todo或直接接名词。 commit vs devote:commit侧重“主动承诺并投入资源”，宾语可以是抽 象事物（如事业）或具体行为：devote侧重“全身心奉献”，搭配devote..to, 宾语多为抽象概念（如事业、研究），例devote oneself to science(献身科 学)。 5 3.scholarship 核心词性 名词(n.,高频核心)：核心含义一是“奖学金”（可数），例win a scholarship (获得奖学金)；二是“学术；学识”（不可数，正式用语），例a man of great scholarship(一位学识渊博的人)。 词性转换 动词：scholar,核心含义是“学者”，为scholarship的同源词，例a history scholar(一位历史学者)。 形容词：scholarly,核心含义是“学术的；学者的”，例a scholarly article (一篇学术文章)。 高频搭配 名词scholarship的搭配：get/receive a scholarship(获得奖学金)、academic scholarship(学术奖学金)、sports scholarship(体育奖学金)、full scholarship (全额奖学金)。 易混辨析 scholarship vs grant:scholarship侧重“基于成绩、才艺等的奖励性奖学 金”，通常需要竞争获得；grant侧重“政府或机构给予的资助金”，多用于 研究、项目等，不一定基于成绩。 4.determined 核心词性 形容词(adj,高频核心)：核心含义是“坚定的；有决心的”，高频搭配be determined to do sth.(决心做某事)，例She was determined to overcome the dif伍clty.(她决心克服困难)。 动词(v.,高中核心)：determine,核心含义一是“决定；确定”，例The date has not been determined yet..(日期尚未确定)；二是“使下定决心”， 例His words determined her to try again.(他的话使她决心再试一次)。 词性转换 名词：determination,核心含义是“决心；果断”，高考书面表达高频词，例 show great determination(表现出极大的决心)。 副词：determinedly,核心含义是“坚定地；决然地”，例He walked forward determinedly.(他坚定地往前走)。 高频搭配 形容词determined的搭配：be determined that..(决心…)、a determined look(坚定的表情)。 动词determine的搭配：determine to do sth.(决定做某事)、determine on sth.(决定某事)、be determined by(由…决定)。 易混辨析 determined(adj.)vs decisive(adj.):determined侧重“主观上有坚定 的意志去达成目标”；decisive侧重“有决断力的；决定性的”，例a decisive victory(决定性的胜利)。 determine vs decide:determine语气比decide更强，强调“经过深思 熟虑后做出的坚定决定”；decide更侧重“在多种选择中做出抉择”，例She decided to go by train.(她决定乘火车去)。 6 5.routines 核心词性 名词(，高频核心)：核心含义一是“常规：惯例”（指日常重复的程序），例 daily routines(日常惯例)：二是“（演出等的）一套动作；节目”，例dance routines(舞蹈动作)。 形容词（adj,低频补充)：routine,.核心含义是“常规的；例行的”，例 routine work(日常工作)。 词性转换 名词：routine,核心含义与routines单数形式相同，为可数名词，例a morning routine(晨间惯例). 副词：routinely,核心含义是“常规地；惯常地”，例The task is routinely done by computers.(这项任务通常由电脑完成)。 高频搭配 名词routines的搭配：daily routines(日常作息)、exercise routines(锻炼 流程)、break the routine(打破常规)。 形容词routine的搭配：routine check(例行检查)、routine maintenance(日 常维护)。 易混辨析 routine(n.)vs habit:routine侧重“有规律的一系列重复行为”，如日 常安排；habit侧重“个人长期养成的习惯”，如吸烟习惯，例a bad habit (坏习惯)。 答案与逐题解析 正确答案：24-27DBDC 1.24.D (continued to practice) 考点：细节理解题 语境逻辑：根据第一段“Knowing that next year would bring a new round of try--outs, I began practicing routines on my own,hoping to become a cheerleader the next year.”可知，作者在未能入选啦啦队后，选择继续练习。A项“wanted to quit”是作者在田 径比赛失利时的想法，B项“blamed her father”和C项“turned to her friends'”在文 中均未提及。 2.25.B (was inspired by her father) 考点：细节理解题 语境逻辑：第二段提到“I wanted to quit..But my dad reminded me that once you are committed to something,you should always follow through.So I finished my first track season”,明确说明作者坚持完成第一个田径赛季是因为父亲的提醒和鼓励。A项 “wanted to prove herself'”是后续参加长跑的动机，C项“got an athletic scholarship'” 是后来的结果，D项“performed well in the races”与文中“placing last in every race” 不符。 3.26.D (Hardworking and determined) 考点：人物性格推断题 语境逻辑：作者在啦啦队落选后坚持练习，田径初期屡战屡败却不放弃，最终成为校队最快的 越野跑选手并获得奖学金，体现了她的勤奋(Hardworking)和决心(determined)。A项 “Confident”在初期比赛失利时并未体现；B项“Creative'”无相关内容支撑；C项“Generous'” 在文中未涉及。 4.27.C (appreciate who we really are) 考点：主旨大意题 语境逻辑：最后一段点明主旨“We can be who we were born to be or we can simply follow the crowd.For me,I am happiest to be...just me.”,强调应该欣赏并忠于真 实的自己。A项“follow others'opinions'”与作者观点相悖，B项“try out for popular activities'”与作者选择非热门的田径运动不符，D项“help those in trouble”并非文章重 点。