阅读理解118-北京市部分地区近两年（2024-2025）高二英语期末真题汇编

1 阅读理解-阅读表达118 试题基本信息 。题型：阅读表达(4题，全文约450词) 。核心知识点：社会问题与社会现象、当代教育问题 ·考查重点：细节信息查找、信息整合、逻辑分析、开放表达 材料剖析 ·主题：父母过度纵容(overindulgence)的成因、影响及解决方法 ·结构：现象引入→专家分析（信念、后果）→健康育儿定义→改善步骤（识别问题、恢 复权威、一致性、家庭参与) 。情感线索：批判过度纵容→强调健康管教→鼓励积极改变 阅读短文 We've all seen the little kids-losing temper in the toy store,screaming in restaurants and generally making a scene in public.For their parents,giving in to a kid's monstrous behavior helps to end the mess and gain some peace and quiet,and this is where overindulgence begins. According to Kathy Webb,a psychotherapist in Brunswick,overindulgence is the result of parents'beliefs.A lot of overindulging parents believe their children should be happy all the time,which is the reason why the parents try to avoid conflict at all costs.They also hold that overindulgence equals love,but experts insist that being overly permissive and indulgent is not a healthy kind of love. Overindulgence can create a myriad of wrong attitudes and behaviors in children.When overindulged,children develop unrealistic expectations which do not serve them as they grow. Healthy parenting,Webb said,means giving children unconditional love,quality time,healthy discipline and respect for what is appropriate."Healthy parents promote good values and use everyday life experiences to teach their children,"she said. Many parents don't intentionally overindulge,but fail to follow through on consequences. "Consequences help children develop their own self-guidance skills,"Webb said."Without conse- quences,children never learn to discipline themselves. But parents who have overindulged shouldn't just throw up their hands and walk away from the situation,feeling like failures.There are steps that can be taken to turn family life around. “All is not lost,”Webb said..“You just have to take it step by step.”Identifying problems and what can be done to correct them are the first steps.This is where parents might want to invest in some counseling or parent coaching and refer to some parenting books. 2 Such parents should also manage to regain proper parental power.In some families,overindulging parents are acting like peers,not parents.Consistency is also important-children often imitate the behavior they see from their parents."Say what you mean and mean what you say,"Webb said.It seems that all it takes is one raised eyebrow and a very stern look to stop the misbehaviour. But Webb believes what really grounded her children is their inclusion in the family's life,not just the fun stuff like vacations and outings.They should also be taught to clean house,cook,and do laundry. 问题列表 35.What do overindulgent parents believe? 36.What is healthy parenting according to Webb? 37.Please decide which part is false in the following statement,then underline it and explain why. To relieve overindulgence,parents can take certain steps such as acting like kids'peers and ensuring consistency. 38.Share one parenting method that benefits your growth and explain why.(In about 40 words) 核心词汇详解 1.overindulgence 核心词性 名词(.，高频核心)：过度纵容：溺爱（指父母无原则满足孩子） 常用搭配：parental overindulgence(父母的溺爱)、result of overindulgence (溺爱的结果) 形容词：overindulgent(过度纵容的；溺爱的) 例：overindulgent parents(溺爱孩子的父母) 动词：overindulge(过度纵容；溺爱) 例：Many parents don't intentionally overindulge.(许多父母并非故意溺 爱) 高频搭配 名词：create overindulgence(造成溺爱)、relieve overindulgence(缓解溺爱) 形容词：overindulgent parenting(溺爱式养育)overindulgent behavior(溺 爱行为) 易混辨析 overindulgence vs indulgence:indulgence泛指“纵容；嗜好”，程度较 轻；overindulgence强调“过度”，特指无原则溺爱 overindulgent vs permissive:permissive侧重“放任的”；overindulgent 强调“过度满足需求” 3 2.psychotherapist 核心词性 名词(.，高频核心)：心理治疗师；精神治疗师（指专业心理疾病治疗人员） 常用搭配：a psychotherapist in Brunswick(不伦瑞克的一位心理治疗师)、 consult a psychotherapist(咨询心理治疗师) 名词：psychotherapy(心理治疗；精神疗法) 例：seck psychotherapy(寻求心理治疗) 形容词：psychotherapeutic(心理治疗的) 例：psychotherapeutic methods(心理治疗方法) 高频搭配 名词：refer to a psychotherapist(咨询心理治疗师)、professional psychother- apist(专业心理治疗师) 动词：receive psychotherapy(接受心理治疗) 易混辨析 psychotherapist vs psychologist:psychologist指“心理学家”，侧重研 究；psychotherapist具备临床治疗资格 psychotherapist vs psychiatrist:psychiatrist为“精神科医生”，可开 具药物；psychotherapist主要通过谈话疗法 3.myriad 核心词性 形容词(adj,高频核心)：无数的；大量的（修饰可数名词复数） 常用搭配：a myriad of wrong attitudes and behaviors(无数错误的态度和 行为) 名词(n,略考)：无数：大量（多用于书面语） 例：a myriad of stars(无数星星) 高频搭配 形容词：myriad challenges(无数挑战)、myriad consequences(无数后果) 名词：a myriad of issues(无数问题)、the myriad of life(生命的多样性) 易混辨析 myriad vs numerous:numerous为常用词，泛指“许多的”；myriad书 面性更强，强调“数量庞大” myriad vs various:various侧重“多样性”；myriad侧重“数量多” 4 4.unconditional 核心词性 形容词(adj.,高频核心)：无条件的；绝对的（指不附加任何条件） 常用搭配：unconditional love(无条件的爱)、unconditional support(无条 件支持) 反义词：conditional(有条件的；附带条件的) 例：conditional love(有条件的爱) 副词：unconditionally(无条件地) 例：love unconditionally(无条件地爱) 名词：unconditionality(无条件性) 例：the unconditionality of parental love(父母之爱的无条件性) 高频搭配 形容词：unconditional acceptance(无条件接纳)、unconditional care(无条 件关怀) 副词：support unconditionally(无条件支持) 易混辨析 unconditional vs absolute:absolute侧重“完全；绝对”，强调没有例 外；unconditional侧重“不附加条件” unconditional vs unlimited:unlimited指“无限的”，侧重数量；uncon- ditional侧重“无附加条件” 5.discipline 核心词性 名词(.，高频核心)：含义一“纪律；自律”（指遵守规则的习惯）：含义二 “学科；科目”（文中不涉及） 常用搭配：self-discipline(自律)、healthy discipline(健康管教) 动词(v,高频核心)：训练：管教；约束（指通过规则约束行为） 例：discipline themselves(自我约束) 词性转换 形容词：disciplined(守纪律的：自律的) 例：a disciplined student(一个自律的学生) 名词：disciplinarian(严格的人；纪律严明的人) 例：a strict disciplinarian(一位严格的纪律执行者) 高频搭配 名词：maintain discipline(维持纪律)、develop discipline（培养纪律性) 动词：discipline properly(恰当管教)、discipline with love(爱中管教) 易混辨析 discipline vs punish:punish侧重“惩罚”；discipline侧重“长期管教以 培养自律” 5 答案与逐题解析 正确答案：35.They believe their children should be happy all the time and overindulgence equals love. 36.Healthy parenting means giving children unconditional love,quality time, healthy discipline and respect for what is appropriate,promoting good values and using everyday life experiences to teach them. 37.The false part is "acting like kids'peers".According to the passage, overindulging parents are acting like peers instead of parents,which is part of the problem,not a step to relieve overindulgence. 38.My parents taught me to do housework since childhood.It made me responsible and independent,learning to take care of myself and contribute to the family. 35.考点：细节信息查找 解析：第二段明确提到“A lot of overindulging parents believe their children should be happy all the time.They also hold that overindulgence equals love”,直接定位关键句即可得出答案。 36.考点：细节信息整合 解析：第三段引用Webb的话“Healthy parenting..means giving children unconditional love, quality time,healthy discipline and respect for what is appropriate.'Healthy parents promote good values and use everyday life experiences to teach their children,'she said”,需整合两个 分句的内容。 37.考点：信息判断与逻辑分析 解析：倒数第二段指出“overindulging parents are acting like peers,not parents”,说明“acting like peers”是过度纵容的表现而非解决方法；而“consistency is also important'”是正确做法。 因此“acting like kids’peers”为错误部分。 38.考点：开放表达与生活联系 解析：要求结合自身经历，需围绕积极的育儿方式（如文中提到的家务劳动、规则一致性等）展 开，说明其对成长的具体益处（如责任感、独立性等)，语言简洁达意。