阅读理解110-北京市部分地区近两年（2024-2025）高二英语期末真题汇编

2 阅读理解-阅读单选110 试题基本信息 。题型：阅读理解-阅读单选（约400词) 。核心知识点：阅读记叙文教育 ·考查重点：细节理解、人物性格推断、语境逻辑 材料剖析 ·故事发展线索：母亲对威廉姆斯阅读兴趣的影响→威廉姆斯成为教师后发现学生书籍获 取受限→通过赠送书籍帮助学生爱上阅读→设定赠送一百万本书的目标并多方收集书 籍→四年内已赠送七万八千多本书且持续推进目标 ·感情发展线索：受母亲影响爱上阅读→发现学生困境后的关切→对赠送书籍初期成果 的不满足为实现宏大目标的坚定执着→对阅读价值的深刻认同与使命感 阅读理解短文 The Book Lady It was Jennifer Williams's mother who got her hooked on books.A librarian,she read to her three children every day."Not until we went to kindergarten,"Williams told vadogwood.com,a local news site.“Until we went to college.” When Williams,now 54,became an elementary school teacher and tutor in Danville,Virginia, she wanted her students to fall in love with reading just as she had.But early on,she realized that some kids had limited access to books."It's very obvious to teachers of young children which kids are read to versus kids who are not,"she said."It's obvious at the end of the first day of school.To Williams,the solution was simple:Give kids books.In 2017,as part of a civic event called Engage Danville,she gave away 900 used children's books over three days.Most people would be satisfied with that. “I was like,‘Anybody could do that,.'”she said.“I wanted to do something that's going to stretch my faith,my work ethic,my everything." So she set a new goal for herself:Give away one million books.It sounds like an unreachable number,but as Williams posted on Facebook:"Don't complain in the bleachers if you aren't willing to work hard out on the field. So she got to work,first by roping in friends to donate books or money to buy books.Before long,as news of Williams's project spread,strangers started leaving piles of books on her front porch.As quickly as the books come in,Williams gives them to local schools-free of charge- and also supplies books to little free libraries around the city of 41,000 just over the North Carolina 3 border.She also hosts a book club for prisoners in the local prison. In the four years she's been doing all this,the Book Lady,as Williams has come to be known, has given away more than 78,000 books-only 922,000 more to reach her goal!And she's not slowing down.It's too important for kids with few options. "Reading can take you anywhere,"she told CNN."You can travel in time and space.If you can read,you can learn almost anything." 题目选项列表 24.What made William interested in reading? A.Her children's hobby.B.Her mother's influence. C.A stranger's encouragement.D.A teacher's impact. 25.Why did William originally contribute so many books? A.To satisfy most people.B.To celebrate the civic event. C.To help students love reading.D.To stretch her faith and work ethic. 26.How did William collect books for her goal? A.By asking her friends to buy books.B.By attaining books from the prison. C.By getting donation from free libraries.D.By receiving donated books from strangers. 27.According to the passage,what words can best describe William? A.helpful and ambitious.B.respectable and innocent. C.hardworking and adventurous.D.determined and humorous. 4 核心词汇详解 1.hooked 核心词性 形容词(adj,高频核心)：核心含义一是“入迷的；上瘾的”，常用搭配be hooked on sth.(对某事着迷)；二是“钩住的：连接的”（物理状态），例a hooked fish(上钩的鱼). 动词(v,高中略考)：核心含义是“钩住：挂住”，强调“被钩子或类似物 固定”，例Her coat was hooked on the nail.（她的外套被钉子钩住了)。 词性转换 名词：hook,核心含义是“钩子；挂钩”，高考常用搭配是a fish hook(鱼 钩)。 动词短语：hook up,核心含义是“连接；接通”（设备）或“与某人交往”， 例hook up the computer(连接电脑)。 高频搭配 形容词hooked的搭配：be hooked on reading(沉迷阅读)、get hooked on (开始对…上瘾)。 动词hook的搭配：hook onto sth.(紧紧抓住某物)、hook sb.into doing sth.(引诱某人做某事)。 易混辨析 hooked vs addicted:hooked侧重“对某事产生强烈兴趣而着迷”，程度 较addicted轻，且可用于积极语境（如对阅读、运动着迷）；addicted强调 “生理或心理上的成瘾”，多含贬义，常见搭配be addicted to drugs(吸毒成 瘾)。 hook vs link:hook强调“通过钩子或弯曲部分连接”，物理性更强；link 侧重“逻辑或系统上的关联”，可抽象可具体，例link A with B(将A与B 联系起来)。 2.civic 核心词性 形容词(adj,高频核心)：核心含义一是“公民的：市民的”（与公民权利、 义务相关)，常用搭配civic duty(公民义务)：二是“城市的；市政的”（与 城市管理、设施相关)，例civic center(市政中心)。 词性转换 名词：citizen,核心含义是“公民；市民”，高考常用搭配是a Chinese citizen (中国公民)。 名词：civics,.核心含义是“公民学；市政学”（学科名称）。 高频搭配 形容词civic的搭配：civic event(市民活动)、civic responsibility(公民责 任)、civic pride(城市自豪感)。 易混辨析 civic vs civil:civic侧重“与城市或市民群体相关的事务”，如市政设施、 市民活动；civil含义更广，可表示“公民的”(civil rights公民权利)、“民 事的”(civil law民法)、“文明的”(civil behavior文明行为)。 5 3.donate 核心词性 动词(V,高频核心)：核心含义是“捐赠；捐献”，强调“无偿给予财物、 时间等”，常用搭配donate sth.tosb./sth.(向…捐赠某物)，例donate books to schools(向学校捐赠书籍)。 词性转换 名词：donation,核心含义是“捐赠物：捐款”，高考常用搭配是make a donation(进行捐赠)、receive donations(接受捐赠)。 名词：donor,核心含义是“捐赠者；献血者”，例a blood donor(献血者)。 高频搭配 动词donate的搭配：donate money(捐款)、donate time(奉献时间)、donate organs(捐献器官)。 名词donation的搭配：charitable donation(慈善捐款)、in-kind donation (实物捐赠)。 易混辨析 donate vs contribute:donate侧重“无偿捐赠给需要的人或机构”，对 象多为财物、器官等实物；contribute含义更广，可表示“贡献（时间、力 量、ideas等)”，搭配contribute to sth.(为…做贡献)，例contribute to the development(为发展做贡献). 4.prisoner 核心词性 名词(，高频核心)：核心含义是“囚犯：犯人”，指被关押在监狱中的人， 常用搭配political prisoner(政治犯)、prisoner of war(战俘，简称POW)。 词性转换 名词：prison,核心含义是“监狱；看守所”，高考常用搭配是be sent to prison(被送进监狱，注意无the)。 动词：imprison,核心含义是“监禁；关押”，例be imprisoned for theft(因 盗窃被监禁)。 高频搭配 名词prisoner的搭配：release a prisoner(释放囚犯)、take sb.prisoner(俘 虏某人)。 易混辨析 prisoner vs criminal:prisoner强调“被关押的状态”，不一定是罪犯（如 战俘)；criminal侧重“触犯法律的罪犯”，可指未被关押的犯人，例a wanted criminal(通缉犯)。 6 5.option 核心词性 名词（n.,高频核心)：核心含义一是“选择；选择权”，常用搭配have no option but to do sth.(别无选择只能做某事)；二是“选项；备选事物”，例 multiple options(多个选项)。 词性转换 动词：opt,核心含义是“选择；挑选”，高考常用搭配是opt for sth.(选择 某物)、opt to do sth.(选择做某事)。 形容词：optional,核心含义是“可选择的；非强制的”，例optional courses (选修课)。 高频搭配 名词option的搭配：keep one's options open(不急于做决定)、weigh up the options(权衡选项)， 动词opt的搭配：opt out of sth.(决定不参与某事)。 易混辨析 option vs choice:option侧重“供选择的具体选项或机会”，数量上可能 有限；choice强调“选择的行为或权利”，可指抽象的选择自由，例freedom of choice(选择自由)。 6.stretch 核心词性 动词(v,高频核心)：核心含义一是“伸展：延伸”（身体部位或物体长度）， 常用搭配stretch one's legs(伸腿：散步)；二是“拉长；撑大”（布料、时 间等)，例stretch the deadline(延长截止日期)；三是“尽力：努力”（抽象 含义)，例stretch oneself to do sth.(尽力做某事)。 名词(n.,高中略考)：核心含义是“伸展；延伸”，例a stretch of road(一 段路)、do stretches(做伸展运动). 词性转换 形容词：stretchy,核心含义是“有弹性的：可伸展的”，例stretchy fabric (弹性面料)。 高频搭配 动词stretch的搭配：stretch over(延伸覆盖)、stretch the truth(夸大事 实)、stretch one's budget(精打细算预算)。 名词stretch的搭配：a long stretch of time(很长一段时间)、at a stretch (连续地)。 易混辨析 stretch vs extend:stretch侧重“通过拉力使物体变长、变宽或身体伸 展”，也可指时间、空间的自然延伸；extend强调“有意识地延长时间、扩 大范围”，例extend the meeting(延长会议)、extend a warm welcome(表 示热烈欢迎)。 7.ethic 核心词性 名词(，高频核心)：核心含义一是“道德准则：伦理标准”（常用复数 ethics),例professional ethics(职业道德)；二是“伦理；伦理学”（单数， 学科名称)。 词性转换 形容词：ethical,核心含义是“道德的；伦理的”，高考常用搭配是ethical issues(伦理问题)。 副词：ethically,核心含义是“道德上；伦理上”，例ethically acceptable (道德上可接受的)。 高频搭配 名词ethic的搭配：work ethic(职业道德；敬业精神)、code of ethics(道 德准则)。 易混辨析 ethic vs morality:ethic侧重“特定群体或职业的道德规范”，如企业伦 理、医学伦理；morality指“普遍的道德观念”。 答案与逐题解析 正确答案：24-27BCDA 24.B (Her mother's influence) 考点：细节理解题 语境逻辑：文章开头明确提到“It was Jennifer Williams's mother who got her hooked on books. A librarian,she read to her three children every day.”,说明威廉姆斯对阅读的兴趣源于母亲的 影响。 选项辨析：A选项“她孩子的爱好”文中未提及；C选项“陌生人的鼓励”与原文无关；D选 项“老师的影响”错误，是她自己成为老师后想让学生爱上阅读。只有B选项符合文意。 25.C (To help students love reading) 考点：细节理解题 语境逻辑：文中提到“she wanted her students to fall in love with reading just as she had.But early on,she realized that some kids had limited access to books...the solution was simple: Give kids books.”,表明她最初捐书是为了帮助学生爱上阅读。 选项辨析：A选项“满足大多数人”与原文“I was like,‘Anybody could do that'”不符；B 选项“庆祝公民活动”只是她2017年捐书的契机，并非根本原因；D选项“锻炼她的信念和职 业道德”是她设定新目标的原因，不是最初捐书的原因。所以C选项正确。 26.D(By receiving donated books from strangers) 考点：细节理解题 语境逻辑：文中指出“first by roping in friends to donate books or money to buy books..Before long.strangers started leaving piles of books on her front porch.”,说明她通过朋友捐赠和陌 生人捐书来收集书籍，选项D符合“接收陌生人捐赠的书籍”这一内容。 选项辨析：A选项“让朋友买书”不全面，朋友还捐赠书籍；B选项“从监狱获得书籍”文中 未提；C选项“从免费图书馆获得捐赠”错误，是她给免费图书馆提供书籍。因此D选项正确。 27.A (helpful and ambitious) P 考点：人物性格推断题 语境逻辑：她免费给学生、监狱囚犯等捐赠书籍，体现了“乐于助人(helpful)”;她设定捐赠一 百万本书的目标，尽管目前只完成七万多本但仍不放弃，体现了“有雄心(ambitious)”。 选项辨析：B选项“天真的”、C选项“爱冒险的”、D选项“幽默的”在文中均无体现。所以 A选项“helpful and ambitious”最能描述她。