阅读理解101-北京市部分地区近两年（2024-2025）高二英语期末真题汇编

1 阅读理解-阅读单选101 试题基本信息 。题型：阅读理解-阅读单选(5题，全文约450词) 。 核心知识点：语言与文化 ·考查重点：词义猜测、细节理解、主旨大意 材料剖析 ·文章结构：第一段引出话题，提出双语优势；第二段介绍创造力测量工具TTCT;第三段 通过研究证明双语者创造力优势；第四段阐述双语表达优势；第五段说明双语对跨文化理 解及建立深层联系的作用。 。主旨：学习第二语言在职场、创造力、跨文化沟通等方面有诸多好处。 阅读理解短文 For many of us,the desire to speak a foreign language is overshadowed by the idea that it' s a long journey or that there's no practical reason to learn.However,research has shown that speaking two languages has many advantages in this connected world today.Businesses with people around the world need someone who is not only capable of communicating in another language but also culturally aware and open-minded.Many companies prefer the people who are able to speak more than one language since they have faced more difficult situations in their language learning than the people who only speak one language,thus they desire to deal with more challenges in the work. While creativity can be a difficult thing to measure,researchers have attempted to measure creative ability in a number of ways.One of the tools that are most widely used to understand creativity is a test known as the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking (TTCT).The TTCT was first introduced in 1962 by Ellis Paul Torrance and measures one's divergent (thinking in some key areas. Divergent thinking is how well and how quickly your mind can solve problems.A study conducted by the University of Mashhad collected the TTCT results of the people who speak only one language and the people who have learned two languages and clearly showed that the second of the two groups performed better. Some reasons for this could be that people who speak two languages are often faced with situations where they must consider various things,which can have an effect on problem-solving ability. Language allows you to express your thoughts to other people,but what if there are no words 2 to express what you're thinking and feeling?Understanding a second language can allow you to express something you may not be able to with only one language. Because language is linked to culture,you will find that by speaking more than one language you have a better understanding and appreciation of other cultures.This allows you to establish stronger connections with people from other cultural backgrounds.Nelson Mandela once said:"If you talk to a man in a language he understands,that goes to his head.If you talk to him in his language,that goes to his heart.Communicating in someone's native language is not only a great way to show respect,but also helps you develop a deeper personal connection that goes beyond just being understood. 题目选项列表 35.What does the underlined word "overshadowed"in Paragraph 1 most probably mean? A.Reduced.B.Encouraged.C.Controlled.D.Strengthened. 36.People who speak more than one language often_ A.show no interest in new ideas B.communicate more with others C.receive more money for their work D.want to perform more difficult tasks 37.What do we know about TTCT? A.Its results can tell us how creative we are. B.It can be used to develop divergent thinking. C.It trains our minds to solve problems quickly D.It offers us measures to handle different situations. 38.What can help us build deeper personal connections with foreigners? A.Understanding what they said. B.Speaking their native languages. C.Teaching them our native languages. D.Expressing thoughts in our native languages. 39.Which would be the best title for the passage? A.Benefits of Leaning a Second Language B.Importance of Understanding Other Cultures C.TTCT:A Useful Tool for Language Learning D.Second Language:An Advantage in Your Work 3 核心词汇详解 1.overshadowed 核心词性 动词(v,高频核心)：使失色；使显得不重要；遮蔽 常用搭配：be overshadowed by(被…掩盖) 例：Her achievements were overshadowed by her brother's success.(她的成 就因哥哥的成功而黯然失色) 词性转换 名词：overshadowing（遮蔽；使失色) 高频搭配 overshadow one's career(掩盖某人的职业生涯)、overshadow the event(给 事件蒙上阴影) 易混辨析 overshadow vs obscure:前者强调“使显得不重要”，后者强调“使模糊 不清” 2.divergent 核心词性 形容词（adj,高频核心)：发散的：不同的：有分歧的 常用搭配：divergent thinking(发散思维)、divergent views(不同观点) 例：The two groups have divergent opinions on the issue.(两组人对这个问 题有分歧意见) 词性转换 动词：diverge(分歧；偏离)、名词：divergence(分歧；发散) 高频搭配 divergent paths(岔路)、divergent evolution(趋异进化) 易混辨析 divergent vs different:前者强调“从同一源头向不同方向发展”，后者泛 指“不同的” 3.appreciation 核心词性 名词(n,高频核心)：欣赏；感激；理解；增值 常用搭配：show appreciation for(对…表示感谢)、in appreciation of(为 感谢…) 例：I have a deep appreciation for his help.(我非常感激他的帮助) 词性转换 动词：appreciate(欣赏；感激)、形容词：appreciative(感激的) 高频搭配 cultural appreciation(文化欣赏)、currency appreciation（货币升值) 易混辨析 appreciation vs gratitude:前者侧重“欣赏和理解”，后者侧重“感谢之 情” 4.establish 核心词性 动词（v,高频核心)：建立；创立；确立；证实 常用搭配：establish a company(创办公司)、establish a connection(建立 联系) 例：They established a new school in the village.(他们在村里建立了一所新 学校) 词性转换 名词：establishment（建立；机构)、形容词：established(已建立的) 高频搭配 establish relations(建立关系)、establish the truth(证实真相) 易混辨析 establish vs found: 前者强调“稳固建立”，后者侧重“创办” 5.native 核心词性 形容词(adj,高频核心)：本国的；本土的：天生的 常用搭配：native language(母语)、native culture(本土文化) 例：She is a native English speaker.(她的母语是英语) 名词(n,高频核心)：本地人；本国人 例：He is a native o时Beijing.(他是北京人) 词性转换 副词：natively(天生地) 高频搭配 native speaker(说母语者)、go native(入乡随俗) 易混辨析 native vs local: 前者强调“出生地”，后者强调“当地” 6.practical 核心词性 形容词(adj,高频核心)：实际的：实用的；务实的：可行的 常用搭配：practical experience(实践经验)、practical skills(实用技能) 例：The plan is not practical..(这个计划不可行) 词性转换 副词：practically(实际上；几乎)、名词：practicality(实用性) 高频搭配 practical joke(恶作剧)、practical application(实际应用) 易混辨析 practical vs practicable:前者强调“实用的”，后者强调“可实施的” 5 7.culturally 核心词性 副词(adv.,高频核心)：在文化上；从文化角度 常用搭配：culturally aware(有文化意识的)、culturally diverse(文化多元 的) 例：The city is culturally rich.(这座城市文化丰富) 词性转换 形容词：cultural（文化的)、名词：culture(文化) 高频搭配 culturally significant(有文化意义的)、culturally sensitive(文化敏感的) 易混辨析 culturally vs socially:前者侧重“文化方面”，后者侧重“社会方面” 8.open-minded 核心词性 形容词(adj.,高频核心)：思想开放的；愿意接受新观点的 常用搭配：be open-minded about(对…思想开放) 例：She is very open-minded and always listens to others.（她思想开放，总 是听取他人意见) 词性转换 名词：open-mindedness(开明)、副词：open-mindedly(开明地) 高频搭配 open-minded attitude(开放的态度)、open-minded discussion(开明的讨论) 易混辨析 open-minded vs tolerant:前者强调“接受新思想”，后者强调“容忍不 同” 9.measurable 核心词性 形容词(adj,高频核心)：可测量的；可衡量的 常用搭配：measurable results(可衡量的结果)、measurable progress(可衡 量的进步) 例：The success of the project is measurable.(这个项目的成功是可衡量的) 词性转换 动词：measure(测量)、名词：measurement(测量) 高频搭配 measurable goal(可衡量的目标)、measurable impact(可衡量的影响) 易混辨析 neasurable vs quantifiable:前者强调“可测量”，后者强调“可量化” 6 10.connections 核心词性 名词(n,高频核心)：联系；关系：连接：熟人 常用搭配：establish connections(建立联系)、have a connection with(与 …有关) 例：There is a connection between smoking and cancer.(吸烟和癌症之间有 联系) 词性转换 动词：connect(连接)、形容词：connected(连接的) 高频搭配 personal connections(人际关系)、network connections(网络连接) 易混辨析 connections vs relationships:前者侧重“联系”，后者侧重“关系” 答案与逐题解析 正确答案：35-39 CDABB 35.C (Controlled) 考点：词义猜测 语境逻辑：前文提到“对说外语的渴望”，后文接“被‘漫长旅程’或‘无实用理由’的想法所 …”,由However转折后的“研究表明学外语有诸多优势”可推知，这些负面想法压制了学外 语的渴望。 选项辨析：A.Reduced(减少)；B.Encouraged(鼓励)；C.Controlled(控制；压制)；D. Strengthened(加强)。只有C符合“负面想法压制渴望”的逻辑。 36.D (want to perform more difficult tasks) 考点：细节理解 语境逻辑：第一段明确提到“会多种语言的人比只会一种语言的人在语言学习中面临过更多困 难，因此他们渴望在工作中应对更多挑战”。 选项辨析：A.对新想法无兴趣（与原文“open-minded”矛盾）；B.与他人交流更多（未提及）： C.收入更高（未提及）：D.想执行更困难的任务（与“desire to deal with more challenges”一 致)。 37.A (Its results can tell us how creative we are) 考点：细节理解 语境逻辑：第二段提到“TTCT是最广泛用于理解创造力的工具之一”“测量关键领域的发散思 维”，第三段通过对比实验表明双语者TTCT成绩更好，即TTCT结果可反映创造力水平。 选项辨析：A.结果能告诉我们创造力如何（符合“measure creative ability”):B.用于培养发 散思维（原文是“measure”而非“develop”);C.训练快速解决问题（原文是“measure how well and how quickly”);D.提供处理不同情况的方法（未提及）。 38.B (Speaking their native languages) 考点：细节理解 语境逻辑：最后一段引用曼德拉的话强调“用对方母语交流能直达内心”，并明确指出“用他人 母语交流不仅是尊重，还能建立更深的个人联系”。 选项辨析：A.理解他们说的话（原文强调“超越被理解"）；B.说他们的母语（与“talk to him 7 in his language,that goes to his heart”一致)；C.教他们我们的母语（未提及）；D.用母语表 达想法（与原文相反）。 39.B (Benefits of Leaning a Second Language) 考点：主旨大意 语境逻辑：全文从职场优势、创造力提升、跨文化连接等方面论述了学习第二语言的好处，第 段“research has shown that speaking two languages has many advantages”点明主旨。 选项辨析：A.学习第二语言的好处（涵盖全文各段要点）：B.理解其他文化的重要性（仅为其 中一个好处)；C.TTCT:语言学习工具（仅第二段内容）；D.第二语言：工作中的优势（仅第 一段内容)。