阅读理解82-北京市部分地区近两年（2024-2025）高二英语期末真题汇编

1 阅读理解-阅读表达82 试题基本信息 。题型：阅读理解-阅读表达（4题，全文约350词) 。 核心知识点：社会问题与社会现象 ·考查重点：细节信息查找、类比关系理解、细节信息比对与辨错、拓展性表达与逻辑连贯 材料剖析 。文章结构：引出群聊时代现象→阐述群聊积极特征→类比回声定位说明群聊作用→分 析群聊负面影响及原因→点明群聊焦虑本质及人们对连接的需求 ·论点发展：群聊带来压力但连接有益→群聊模仿对话动态有趣→群聊提供环境虚拟在 场→群聊信息过载和缺乏礼仪导致紧张→群聊焦虑源于个人独立与他人责任的张力， 但人们仍渴望连接 阅读短文 Group-Chat Culture Is Out of Control For better or worse,we might be in the Age of the Group Chat.In a recent survey,most people said they felt stressed out by group messages,which can feel like a part-time job. Connection is wonderful.Grexts,short for group texts,have the feature of imitating the casual back-and-forth of a dialogue,and the result can be more dynamic and fun than a two-person thread.Having a chat going also means you have a space to share your updates throughout the day,a reminder that you're part of something. Some researchers call this“ambient(周围的)virtual presence'”:Even when you're alone,.you' re not alone.One researcher compares this phenomenon to echolocation(▣声定位)，the process that some animals,such as bats and dolphins,use to locate objects:They produce a continuous sound and use the resulting echo to sense their surroundings.Humans might use technologies such as group chats in a similar way-as a call-and-response,taking in information about their social networks and locating themselves within those webs. But taking in too many signals can be overwhelming.Professor Bayer argued that group chats can create a "waterfall type of effect",where messages keep flooding in and adding up. Eventually,you're underwater.Another researcher suggested that different chat members all bring their own personalities,communication styles,and expectations for group norms.Without a standard etiquette ()people have varied opinions about what degree of responsiveness is required-which can cause real tension. Grext anxiety is hard to resolve because it isn't just about the group-chat or even mobile 2 technology in general;it's about the tension between being our own person and being responsible to others.Ultimately,most of us do want connection,even if it involves some duties. 问题列表 50.What is the feature of Grexts? 51.How might humans use group chats like echolocation? 52.Please decide which part is false in the following statement,then underline it and explain why. Without a standard etiquette,people have different ideas about what messages should be an- swered. 53.Please describe how another mobile technology affects your relationship with others.(In about 40 words) 核心词汇详解 1.dynamic 核心词性 形容词(adj,高频核心)：动态的；充满活力的（描述事物状态或人）：动 态变化的（侧重过程）：物理术语“动力的：力学的”（冷门考点） 例：dynamic discussion（热烈讨论)；dynamic market（动态市场) 名词(，低频略考)：动力：活力（抽象概念）；相互作用；动态关系 例：the dynamic of the team（团队活力)；the dynamic between parents and children（亲子间的互动关系) 词性转换 副词：dynamically(动态地)、名词：dynamics(动力学；动态) 例：group dynamics(群体动态) 高频搭配 形容词：dynamic personality(充满活力的个性)、dynamic process(动态过 程) 名词：social dynamics(社会动态)、economic dynamic(经济动力) 易混辨析 dynamic vs active:前者强调“变化和互动”，后者强调“活跃和行动” 例：an active child(活跃的孩子)vs a dynamic relationship（动态的关系) 3 2.ambient 核心词性 形容词(ad山j.,高频核心)：周围的环境的（仅用于名词前作定语）》 例：ambient temperature（环境温度)：ambient music(环境音乐)》 名词(.，超纲略考)：周围环境：氛围（多用于艺术、科技领域） 例：the ambient of the forest（森林的氛围) 词性转换 副词：ambiently(周围地) 高频搭配 ambient light(环境光)、ambient noise(环境噪音) 易混辨析 ambient vs surrounding:前者更正式，多用于科技语境；后者更通用 例：surrounding area（周边区域) 3.echolocation 核心词性 名词(n,高频核心)：回声定位（生物学专有名词） 例：Bats use echolocation to hunt..(蝙蝠用回声定位捕食) 词性转换 动词：echolocate(进行回声定位) 例：Dolphins can echolocate underwater..(海豚能在水下进行回声定位) 高频搭配 use echolocation(使用回声定位)、echolocation system(回声定位系统) 易混辨析 echolocation vs sonar: 前者指生物自然能力，后者指人工声纳技术 4.phenomenon 核心词性 名词(n.,高频核心)：现象（自然/社会现象，可数，复数为phenomena). 例：natural phenomenon（自然现象)；social phenomenon（社会现象) 词性转换 形容词：phenomenal(现象的；非凡的) 例：phenomenal success(非凡的成功) 高频搭配 common phenomenon(常见现象)、explain a phenomenon(解释现象) 易混辨析 phenomenon vs event:前者指“观察到的现象”，后者指“具体事件” 例：a historical event（历史事件) 5.overwhelming 核心词性 形容词(adj,高频核心)：难以抗拒的；压倒性的（指数量或力量）：使人 不知所措的（指情绪） 例：overwhelming majority（压倒性多数)：overwhelming stress（巨大压力) 动词(v.,高频核心)：overwhelm(压倒；淹没；使应接不暇) 例：be overwhelmed by work(被工作压垮) 词性转换 副词：overwhelmingly(压倒性地)、名词：overwhelm(淹没) 高频搭配 overwhelming evidence(压倒性证据)、feel overwhelmed(感到不知所措) 易混辨析 overwhelming vs overpowering:前者侧重“数量或情绪上压倒”，后者 侧重“力量上制服” 例：overpowering strength（压倒性力量) 6.waterfall 核心词性 名词(，高频核心)：瀑布（自然景观）：比喻义“瀑布般的倾泻” 例：Niagara Falls（尼亚加拉瀑布)：a waterfall of messages(消息如瀑布般 涌来) 词性转换 形容词：waterfall(瀑布的) 例：vaterfall model(瀑布模型) 高频搭配 waterfall effect(瀑布效应)、waterfall sound(瀑布声) 易混辨析 waterfall vs cascade:前者指“自然瀑布或大量倾泻”，后者更正式，多用 于技术语境 例：cascade of events(一连串事件) 7.etiquette 核心词性 名词(n,高频核心)：礼仪；礼节（社交/文化规范，不可数） 例：social etiquette（社交礼仪)；table etiquette（餐桌礼仪) 词性转换 形容词：etiquette(礼仪的) 高频搭配 business etiquette(商务礼仪)、code of etiquette(礼仪规范) 易混辨析 etiquette vs manners:前者指“正式规范”，后者指“个人行为举止” 例：good manners(礼貌行为) 5 8.responsiveness 核心词性 名词(n,高频核心)：响应能力；反应速度（抽象名词） 例：customer responsiveness（客户响应度)；emotional responsiveness(情 绪反应能力) 形容词(adj.,高频核心)：responsive(反应迅速的；易沟通的) 例：responsive government（反应迅速的政府) 词性转换 动词：respond(响应)、副词：responsively(响应地) 高频搭配 quick responsiveness(快速响应)、lack of responsiveness(缺乏响应) 易混辨析 responsiveness vs reaction:前者强调“主动响应”，后者强调“被动反 应” 例：chemical reaction（化学反应) 9.tension 核心词性 名词(.，高频核心)：紧张；紧张关系（人际/社会）：张力：拉力（物理术 语)：焦虑：压力（情绪） 例：racial tension(种族紧张)；surface ten.sion(表面张力)；tension before erams(考前焦虑) 词性转换 形容词：tense(紧张的)、动词：tense（使紧张) 例：tense situation（紧张局势) 高频搭配 ease tension(缓解紧张)、build up tension(积累紧张) 易混辨析 tension vs stress:前者多指“人际或情绪紧张”，后者多指“压力或重压” 例：work stress（工作压力) 10.resolve 核心词性 动词(v,高频核心)：解决；化解（问题/矛盾）；决定；决心（后接不定式） 例：resolve a conflict(化解冲突)；resolve to study hard(决心努力学习) 名词(n,低频略考)：决心；坚定信念 例：firm resolve(坚定的决心) 词性转换 名词：resolution(解决；决心)、形容词：resolute(坚决的) 例：New Year's resolution（新年决心) 高频搭配 resolve a problem(解决问题)、resolve differences（解决分歧) 易混辨析 resolve vs solve:前者侧重“化解矛盾或决心”，后者侧重“解决具体问题” 例：solve a math problem(解决数学问题) 6 答案与逐题解析 正确答案： 50.They have the feature of imitating the casual back-and-forth of a dialogue,and the result can be more dynamic and fun than a two-person thread. 51.As a call-and-response,taking in information about their social networks and locating themselves within those webs. 52.The false part is "what messages should be answered".The passage states "what degree of responsiveness is required",not "what messages should be answered". 53.(Open-ended,example:)Social media allows instant sharing with friends afar,but sometimes reduces face-to-face communication,making relationships less intimate. 50.:They have the feature of imitating the casual back-and-forth of a dialogue, and the result can be more dynamic and fun than a two-person thread. 考点：细节信息查找 语境逻辑：文中明确提到“Grexts,short for group texts,have the feature of imitating the casual back-and-forth of a dialogue,and the result can be more dynamic and fun than a two-person thread.” 解析：直接定位“Grexts”所在句，提取其特征描述即可。 51.:As a call-and-response,taking in information about their social networks and locating themselves within those webs 考点：类比关系理解 语境逻辑：文中将人类使用群聊类比回声定位，指出“Humans might use technologies such as group chats in a similar way-as a call-and-response,taking in information about their social networks and locating themselves within those webs." 解析：抓住关键短语“in a similar way”,其后内容即为群聊与回声定位的相似点。 52.答案：The false part is”what messages should be answered”.The passage states "what degree of responsiveness is required",not "what messages should be an- swered”. 考点：细节信息比对与辨错 语境逻辑：原文第四段提到“Without a standard etiquette,,people have varied opinions about what degree of responsiveness is required”,强调的是“回应程度”而非“哪些消息应该回复”。 解析：对比题目表述“what messages should be answered”与原文“what degree of responsive- ness is required”,前者聚焦“消息内容选择”，后者聚焦“回应程度要求”，故“what messages should be answered”为错误部分。 53.:(Open-ended,example:)Social media allows instant sharing with friends afar,but sometimes reduces face-to-face communication,making relationships less intimate. 考点：拓展性表达与逻辑连贯 语境逻辑：题目要求结合另一移动技术谈对人际关系的影响，需围绕“影响”展开，正面或负面 皆可，语言简洁（约40词）。 解析：以社交媒体为例，既体现其“远距离即时分享”的正面作用，又指出“减少面对面交流， 7 降低亲密感”的负面影响，符合“影响”的双向性，且控制字数。