阅读理解73-北京市部分地区近两年（2024-2025）高二英语期末真题汇编

1 阅读理解-阅读表达73 试题基本信息 。题型：阅读理解-阅读表达（约430词) 。 核心知识点：科普知识、期待的力量 ·考查重点：细节信息提取、细节归纳、信息比对与判断、实际应用与语言表达 材料剖析 ·故事发展线索：以Alle Pierce的旅行规划为例引出话题→专家观点说明期待的好处→ 提出将期待融入日常生活的方法→总结强调拥抱期待的重要性 。感情发展线索：兴奋期待→理性分析→实践建议→积极总结 阅读理解短文 Alle Pierce knows how to plan a holiday.A few months ahead of time,she constructs a spreadsheet of what she wants to do and see.She examines the menus of restaurants she is planning to visit.She uses a picture of the destination as her phone's locked screen image and downloads a countdown app."What's so exciting about a trip is the anticipation before it,says Pierce, founder of a luxury travel company. Experts stay she is right.Recent studies suggest that hoping for something boosts your mood and lowers your stress."Imagining good things ahead of us can increase motivation,optimism and patience,says Simon Rego,a psychologist from New York. Of course we can't just book a flight every time we need a little cheering up or feel low.But there are ways to incorporate the power of anticipation into your everyday life. Get excited about little things.Write down one thing you're excited for tomorrow.Maybe it' s a new book,or a package you're expecting.The collection of these mini thrills means you will still gain the benefits of looking forward to something.Plus,with the nearer stuff,there's more of a sense that it's going to happen for sure. Remember that anxiety and anticipation can coexist."The dark side of positive anticipation is anticipatory anxiety.Anxiety and excitement are sister emotions,"says Christian Waugh,a psychology professor from North Carolina.But it is harmful only when you just focus on the anxiety part and ignore the excitement part.The key is acknowledging the happy,positive aspect of what you are doing,along with the nervous feelings.When you consider anxious things as exciting,it actually makes you feel better about them. Connect with your future self.Research has shown feeling as if you are on a path to your future self can have a positive effect on your well-being by getting you out of short-term thinking. 2 Thinking ahead may help you prioritize your goal and move toward it.As you start seeing progress, you will look forward to doing the things that get you closer to your future self. In short,to enjoy life more,embrace anticipation.It's worth waiting for. 问题列表 1.53.What makes a trip exciting according to Alle Pierce? 2.54.How does hoping for something benefit us? 3.55.Please decide which part is false in the following statement,then underline it and explain why. According to the research,connecting with your future self can have a negative effect on your well-being. 4.56.Please give an example to show how you can incorporate the power of anticipation into your daily life.(In about 40 words) 核心词汇详解 1.anticipation 核心词性 名词(n,高频核心)：期待；预期（指对未来事情的热切盼望） 常用搭配：the power of anticipation(期待的力量)、embrace anticipation (拥抱期待) 动词(v.,延伸)：anticipate(预料；期待) 例：We anticipate hearing from you soon..(我们期待很快收到你的来信) 词性转换 动词：anticipate(核心)、形容词：anticipatory(预期的；预想的) 例：anticipatory anriety(预期焦虑) 高频搭配 名词：positive anticipation(积极期待)、look forward to(期待，近义搭配) 易混辨析 anticipation vs expectation:前者更强调情感上的热切盼望和提前体验 的愉悦感；后者侧重基于某种依据的“期望；预期”，情感色彩较弱 3 2.motivation 核心词性 名词（n., 高频核心)：动机：动力（指推动人行动的内在原因或动力） 常用搭配：increase motivation(增强动力)、lack of motivation(缺乏动力) 动词(v.,核心)：motivate(激励；激发) 例：Teachers should motivate students to think independently.(教师应激励 学生独立思考) 词性转换 动词：motivate(核心)、形容词：motivated(有动力的；积极的) 例：She is motivated by a desire to help others..(她的动力来自帮助他人的 愿望) 高频搭配 名词：intrinsic motivation(内在动力)、extrinsic motivation(外在动力) 易混辨析 motivation vs incentive:前者侧重内在的心理驱动力；后者指外部的“激 励物：诱因”，如金钱、奖励等 3.optimism 核心词性 名词(，高频核心)：乐观；乐观主义（指对未来持积极向上的态度） 常用搭配：boost optimism(增强乐观情绪)、cautious optimism(审慎的乐 观) 形容词(adj.,核心)：optimistic(乐观的) 例：He is optimistic about the future of the compan4,(他对公司的未来持乐 观态度) 词性转换 形容词：optimistic(核心)、副词：optimistically(乐观地) 例：She smiled optimistically..(她乐观地笑了笑) 高频搭配 名词：blind optimism(盲目乐观)、optimism about(对…的乐观) 易混辨析 optimism vs positivity:前者特指对未来的积极预期和信念；后者范围更 广，指整体积极的心态和态度 4.prioritize 核心词性 动词（v,高频核心)：优先处理；给…排序（指按重要性或紧急程度安排 事物的顺序) 常用搭配：prioritize goals(确定目标优先级)、prioritize tasks(给任务排序) 名词(n,延伸)：priority(优先事项；优先权) 例：Safety is our top priority.(安全是我们的首要任务) 词性转换 名词：priority(核心)、形容词：prioritized(优先的) 例：prioritiz2 ed list(优先列表) 高频搭配 动词：prioritize health(优先考虑健康)、prioritize over(优先于…) 易混辨析 prioritize vs arrange:前者强调根据重要性进行排序并优先处理；后者侧 重“安排：整理”，仅指对事物进行有条理的组织 5.incorporate 核心词性 动词(v,高频核心)：包含；将…融入（指把某事物纳入另一事物中使其 成为整体的一部分) 常用搭配：incorporate into(将…融入)、incorporate with(与…合并) 名词(n.,延伸)：incorporation(包含；合并) 例：the incorporation of new technology into teaching(新技术融入教学) 词性转换 名词：incorporation(核心)、形容词：incorporated(合并的：组成公司的) 例：incorporated ideas(融合的观点) 高频搭配 动词：incorporate ideas(吸收想法)、incorporate elements(融入元素) 易混辨析 incorporate vs integrate:前者侧重将部分融入整体，使整体更丰富；后 者强调使不同部分结合成一个协调的整体，侧重“一体化” 例：integrate theory with practice(理论与实践相结合) 6.well-being 核心词性 名词(，高频核心)：幸福：健康；福祉（指身体和心理上的整体良好状态） 常用搭配：emotional well--being(情感健康)、physical well-being(身体健 康) 形容词（adj,延伸)：well-of(富裕的；境况良好的) 例：a well--off family(富裕家庭) 词性转换 形容词：well(健康的；良好的)、副词：well(很好地) 高频搭配 名词：promote well-being(促进福祉)、improve well--being(改善健康状况) 易混辨析 well-being vs welfare:前者侧重个人内在的身心状态和幸福感；后者常指 社会或政府提供的“福利：救济”，也可指个人福祉，但更强调外部保障 7.psychologist 核心词性 名词(，高频核心)：心理学家（指研究人类心理和行为的专业人员） 常用搭配：clinical psychologist(临床心理学家)、developmental psychologist (发展心理学家) 名词(n,相关)：psychology(心理学) 例：cognitive psychology(认知心理学) 词性转换 名词：psychology(核心)、形容词：psychological(心理的；心理学的) 例：psychological factors(心理因素) 高频搭配 名词：consult a psychologist(咨询心理学家)psychologist's advice(心理 学家的建议) 易混辨析 psychologist vs psychiatrist:前者主要通过心理疏导、行为干预等方式 治疗心理问题，无处方权；后者是精神科医生，可诊断精神疾病并开具药物， 有医学背景 5 8.luxury 核心词性 名词(.，高频核心)：奢侈品；奢华（指非必需的、高品质的物品或生活方 式) 常用搭配：a life of luxury(奢华的生活)、afford luxury(买得起奢侈品) 形容词(adj,高频核心)：luxury(奢侈的；豪华的) 例：lurury hotel(豪华酒店)、uxury goods(奢侈品) 词性转换 副词：luxuriously（奢侈地；豪华地) 例：live hururiously(过着奢华的生活) 高频搭配 名词：little luxury(小奢侈)、luxury brand(奢侈品牌) 易混辨析 luxury vs comfort:前者强调超出基本需求的、高品质的亭受，常带有稀 缺性和昂贵性；后者侧重“舒适；安逸”，指满足基本需求后的身心放松状态 9.spreadsheet 核心词性 名词(.，高频核心)：电子表格；数据表（指用于数据组织和计算的表格工 具) 常用搭配：create a spreadsheet(创建电子表格)、spreadsheet software(电 子表格软件) 词性转换 动词：spreadsheet(较少用，通常作名词) 高频搭配 名词：Excel spreadsheet(Excel电子表格)、spreadsheet program(电子表 格程序) 易混辨析 spreadsheet vs database:前者侧重表格形式的数据计算和分析：后者指 数据库，用于存储和管理大量结构化数据 答案与逐题解析 正确答案：53.The anticipation before it.54.It boosts mood.,lowers stress,. increases motivation,optimism and patience.55.The false part is "negative effect".Research shows connecting with future self has a positive effect on well-being by getting out of short-term thinking.56.I can write down that I'm excited to watch a new movie tomorrow night.This mini thrill makes me look forward to the next day happily. 1.53.The anticipation before it. 考点：细节信息提取 语境逻辑：Alle Pierce明确提到“What's so exciting about a trip is the anticipation before it”,直接定位答案为“The anticipation before it'”。 2.54.It boosts mood,lowers stress,increases motivation,optimism and patience. 6 考点：细节归纳 语境逻辑：第二段指出“hoping for something boosts your mood and lowers your stress”及 “magining good things ahead.can increase motivation,optimism and patience”,综合这些 信息即可得出答案。 3.55.The false part is "negative effect".Research shows connecting with future self has a positive effect on well-being by getting out of short-term thinking. 考点：信息比对与判断 语境逻辑：倒数第二段提到“Research has shown feeling as if you are on a path to your future self can have a positive effect on your wel-being"”,与题千中“negative effect”矛盾，故错误部 分为“negative effect'”,需依据原文说明原因。 4.56.I can write down that I'm excited to watch a new movie tomorrow night.This mini thrill makes me look forward to the next day happily. 考点：实际应用与语言表达 语境逻辑：第四段建议“Get excited about little things.Write down one thing you're excited for tomorrow”,据此举例，如期待看电影、收到包裹等，需符合“日常小事”且体现期待的积 极作用，控制在40词左右。