阅读理解56-北京市部分地区近两年（2024-2025）高二英语期末真题汇编

1 阅读理解-阅读单选56 试题基本信息 。题型：阅读理解-阅读单选（约410词） ·核心知识点：学习、记叙文、个人经历 ·考查重点：细节理解、观点态度、主旨大意 材料剖析 。故事发展线索：作者作为生态学本科生时排斥野外工作→为提升研究生申请和探索兴趣 参加犹他州艾草松鸡栖息地评估，在75岁植物学家Sher©l指导下发现野外工作的学习 价值→夏季后继续从事密歇根森林调查工作→现为生态学博士生，认识到野外工作的 意义 ·感情发展线索：最初排斥→首日略带疑虑→逐渐投入与期待→最终认可与珍视+领 悟主旨：保持开放心态，任何任务都能带来学习机会 阅读理解短文 When I was an undergraduate student studying ecology,I was used to discovering overall trends in large amounts of data.The thought of getting my hands dirty in the field never seemed interesting to me.I saw it as a boring and repetitive task.But I knew potential graduate schools would likely view my lack of field experience as a hole in my application letter.My mother also thought I should work for a few years to explore my interests before pursuing further education. So I decided to apply for field-based summer positions after graduation. After landing a job assessing the sage grouse habitat in Utah,I found myself in the company of Sherel,a 75-year-old botanist and the leader of our field crew.On the very first day of the fieldwork,I noticed a special plant on the field."Wonderful!Looks like you've got a Mahonia repens,"Sherel shouted excitedly.I gently touched the plant with yellow flowers by my feet,"This one here?How can you tell it's a Mahonia?"He paused briefly to admire the plant and then began his energetic description of the plant's typical features.That evening,while we were watching the sunset together,I texted my childhood friend."Day I was actually kind of fun,"I started,"but we'll see how long it takes before I get bored from just identifying plants in the field all day." But as the weeks of fieldwork rolled by,the boredom I had expected never arrived.I came home from the field each night with sore legs and a sunburned neck,excited by the day's finds. By picking Sherel's brain about different species of animals and plants,I discovered field days are about much more than identification.Each day is an opportunity to learn a little bit more.When the summer was over,I found myself in another field job,this time surveying forest in Michigan's Upper Peninsula. 2 I'm now a third-year Ph.D.student in ecology.Fieldwork may be buggy,wet,and physically demanding,but working with others helps keep spirits high and the physical activity helps me stay sharp.And it constantly reminds me that any task can present an opportunity to learn-as long as I am open to it. 题目选项列表 24.Why did the author join the fieldwork in Utah? A.To find out overall trends in data. B.To assess the sage grouse habitat. C.To improve his application letter. D.To realize his mother's dream. 25.On the first day of the fieldwork in Utah,the author A.argued with Sherel B.complained to his friend C.became a leader of his group D.discovered a Mahonia repens 26.What does the author think of fieldwork now? A.Easy but interesting. B.Boring but fruitful. C.Tiring but meaningful. D.Repetitive but demanding. 27.What can we learn from the passage? A.We should explore fun in daily tasks. B.We should be open to new experiences. C.We should respect the people around us D.We should be determined about our goals. 核心词汇详解 1.ecology 核心词性 名词(n,高频核心)：生态学（研究生物与环境关系的学科） 常用搭配：ecology student(生态学学生)、field ecology(野外生态学) 词性转换 形容词：ecological(生态的：生态学的) 例：ecological balance（生态平衡)、ecological environment（生态环境) 名词：ecologist(生态学家) 例：The ecologist is conducting fieldwork.（这位生态学家正在进行野外工作) 3 2.habitat 核心词性 名词(.，高频核心)：栖息地；产地（指动植物的自然生存环境） 常用搭配：natural habitat（自然栖息地)、habitat loss(栖，息地丧失) 词性转换 无高频转换词，需重点记忆原形及搭配。 3.botanist 核心词性 名词(.，低频核心)：植物学家（指研究植物的科学家） 例：The botanist identified the rare plant.(这位植物学家识别出了这种稀有 植物) 词性转换 名词：botany(植物学) 例：She majors in botany.(她主修植物学) 形容词：botanical(植物学的) 例：botanical garden(植物园) 4.species 核心词性 名词(n,高频核心)：物种；种类（单复数同形） 常用搭配：endangered species(濒危物种)、different species of(不同种类 的) 词性转换 无高频转换词，需注意单复数一致(a species,many species)。 5.survey 核心词性 动词(，高频核心)：调查：勘测（对某区域或群体进行系统研究） 例：survey the forest(勘测森林) 名词(n,高频核心)：调查；勘测 常用搭配：conduct a survey(进行调查)、a survey of(关于…的调查) 词性转换 名词：surveyor(测量员；调查员) 例：a land surveyor（土地测量员) 6.physically 核心词性 副词(adv.,高频核心)：身体上；生理上（对应physical) 例：physically demanding（体力要求高的) 词性转换 形容词：physical(身体的；体力的) 例：physical activity(体力活动) 7.demanding 核心词性 形容词(adj.,高频核心)：要求高的；费力的（修饰任务或工作） 例：a demanding job(要求高的工作) 词性转换 动词：demand(要求；需要) 例：demand sth.(要求某物)、meet the demand(满足需求) 名词：demand(需求；要求) 例：supply and demand（供求) 8.constantly 核心词性 副词(adv.,高频核心)：不断地；经常地（强调动作持续发生） 例：constantly remind（不断提醒) 词性转换 形容词：constant(持续的；不变的) 例：constant effort(持续的努力) 名词：constancy(恒久不变；忠诚)（低频考点） 9.repetitive 核心词性 形容词(adj.,中频核心)：重复的；反复的（修饰任务或过程） 例：repetitive work(重复性工作) 词性转换 动词：repeat(重复；复述) 例：epeat the experiment（重复实验) 名词：repetition(重复；复述) 例：avoid repetition(避免重复) 10.opportunity 核心词性 名词（n,高频核心)：机会；时机 常用搭配：have an opportunity to do(有机会做某事)、seize the opportunity (抓住机会) 词性转换 形容词：opportune(合适的；及时的)（低频考点） 例：an opportune moment（合适的时机) 答案与逐题解析 正确答案：24-27CDCB 24.C (To improve his application letter.) 考点：细节理解题 5 语境逻辑：根据第一段“I knew potential graduate schools would likely view my lack of field experience as a hole in my application letter”可知，作者认为缺乏实地经验会是申请信的劣势， 因此参加犹他州的实地工作是为了弥补这一不足，提升申请竞争力。 选项辨析：A项“发现数据的总体趋势”是作者本科时的习惯，并非此次动机；B项“评估艾草 松鸡栖息地”是工作内容而非目的；D项“实现母亲的梦想”与原文“my mother also thought I should work for a few years to explore my interests”不符，母亲是建议探索兴趣，而非“梦 想”。只有C项符合“弥补申请信缺陷”的动机。 25.D (discovered a Mahonia repens) 考点：细节理解题 语境逻辑：第二段明确提到“On the very first day of the fieldwork,.I noticed a special plant. Sherel shouted excitedly..Looks like you've got a Mahonia repens”,即作者在第一天发现了 Mahonia repens这种植物。 选项辨析：A项“与Sherel争论”无中生有；B项“向朋友抱怨”是当晚发短信时提到“we' Ⅱsee how long it takes before I get bored”,并非第一天现场抱怨；C项“成为小组leader”与 原文“Sherel.the leader of our field crew”不符。D项与原文细节完全一致。 26.C (Tiring but meaningful.) 考点：观点态度题 语境逻辑：最后一段提到“Fieldwork may be buggy,wet,and physically demanding.but working with others helps keep spirits high...constantly reminds me that any task can present an opportunity to learn”,说明实地工作虽然辛苦(physically demanding),但能带来学习机会， 具有意义。 选项辨析：A项“简单但有趣”与“physically demanding”矛盾；B项“无聊但有收获”与作 者实际感受“the boredom I had expected never arrived”不符；D项“重复且要求高”忽略了 “opportunity to learn”的积极意义。C项“累但有意义”准确概括了“physically demanding” 与“opportunity to learn”的对比关系。 27.B (We should be open to new experiences.) 考点：主旨大意题 语境逻辑：文章结尾点明主旨“And it constantly reminds me that any task can present an opportunity to learn一as long as I am open to it”,强调保持开放心态接受新体验的重要性。 选项辨析：A项“在日常任务中寻找乐趣”偏离核心，作者强调的是“学习机会”而非“乐趣”； C项“尊重他人”非文章重点；D项“坚定目标”与原文“explore my interests'”“open to it” 不符。B项“对新体验保持开放”与结尾主旨句直接呼应。