阅读理解40-北京市部分地区近两年（2024-2025）高二英语期末真题汇编

2 阅读理解-阅读单选40 试题基本信息 。题型：阅读理解-阅读单选（约350词) 。核心知识点：公益活动（组织机构）应用文 。考查重点：细节理解题、推理判断题 材料剖析 ·文章结构：介绍TWB社区目标与价值→说明成员贡献领域与支持资源→列出译者要 求→阐述奖励机制→提供联系渠道 。主旨线索：通过语言支持弥合沟通差距，让信息多语言可及，强调过程贡献与质量要求 阅读短文 The Translators without Borders(TWB)Community is a nonprofit helping people get impor- tant information and be heard,whatever language they speak. By becoming part of the TWB Community,you'll join over 100,000 people from around the world,and get a chance to make meaningful changes through language.You'll provide language support to local and global organizations,helping bridge communication gaps between them and people living through a crisis-and beyond.You'll contribute significantly to making information accessible,inclusive,and useful for people who need that information in their language. As a TWB Community member,you could contribute to a range of language-related projects, including translation,revision,and subtitling.You could help provide information about various topics,such as heath,climate change and so on.When you join us,you'll immediately get access to our tools and resources,including peer support,so you never feel alone or overwhelmed. Requirements TWB sets some personal and professional standards that we expect all our translators to meet. As a TWB translator,you should: accept responsibility for the quality of the work you deliver; show care and respect to source and target cultures; respect delivery dates and inform us 24 hours in advance if you cannot meet any deadlines; understand and strictly follow all the regulations of the International Red Cross in your work; never reassign or share with others any TWB materials,content,or information. Rewards TWB Community Recognition Program is our way of thanking our amazing community mem- bers.We offer rewards based on the number of points collected.You can request: 3 Rewards Points Needed Confirmation of volunteer work 5.000 Reference letters 15.000 Recommendations on professional platforms 30,000 You will receive points based on different volunteer activities.Your points will keep on increas- ing with your contributions!The more points you obtain,the higher the rewards.You might lose points if the quality of your translation is poor.If you constantly deliver poor-quality translation, you might be removed from the Program. If you are interested or have questions,please send an email to our official email address for inquiries. 题目列表 16.What is the main goal of the TWB Community? A.To improve communication through language. B.To offer tools and resources for translators. C.To provide language courses for free. D.To get more community members. 17.A TWB translator should A.share TWB materials with others B.show respect to the cultures involved C.complete the task 24 hours in advance D.have certain work experience in the Red Cross 18.How do translators get points in TWB Community Recognition Program? A.By writing some reference letters. B.By asking for more challenging tasks. C.By assigning others various materials. D.By delivering high-quality translation. 4 核心词汇详解 1.nonprofit 核心词性 名词(，高频核心)：非营利组织；非营利机构（指不以盈利为目的的组织） 例：a nonprofit organization(非营利组织) 形容词(adj.,高中略考)：非营利的；无利可图的（用于修饰组织或机构） 例：nonprofit work(非营利工作) 词性转换 动词：profit(盈利；获益)，常用搭配profit from(从…中获益) 名词：profit(利润；收益)，常用搭配make a profit(盈利)、net profit(净 利润) 形容词：profitable(有利可图的；有益的) 例：a profitable business(盈利的生意) 高频搭配 名词：nonprofit sector(非营利部门)、nonprofit group(非营利团体) 形容词：nonprofit organization(非营利组织)、nonprofit project(非营利 项目) 易混辨析 nonprofit(adj./n.)vs profit(n./v.):profit作名词时指“利润、收益”， 作动词时指“盈利、获益”；nonprofit作形容词时表示“非营利的”，作名词 时指“非营利组织”，二者意义相反。 nonprofit vs charity:charity侧重“慈善机构；慈善事业”，主要目的是 帮助有需要的人；nonprofit范围更广，包括慈善机构在内的所有不以盈利为 目的的组织，如学术团体、行业协会等。 5 2.accessible 核心词性 形容词（dj,高频核心)：可到达的；可进入的；易懂的：易理解的；易接 近的；易相处的 例：an accessible building(无障碍建筑)、accessible language(通俗易懂的 语言) 词性转换 动词：access(进入；使用：获取)，常用搭配access to(使用…的机会/权 利) 名词：access(进入；使用权；通道)，例have access to(有机会使用)、access road(通道) 名词：accessibility(可及性；易接近性) 例：the accessibility of information（信息的可获取性) 高频搭配 accessible to(对…而言易接近的/易懂的)、easily accessible(容易到达 的/理解的)、accessible information(可获取的信息) 易混辨析 accessible vs available:accessible侧重“可接近、可理解或可进入”，强 调对象与主体之间的无障碍性；available侧重“可获得的；有空的”，强调 某物可被使用或某人有空。 accessible vs approachable:approachable主要指人“平易近人的；容 易接近的”，或事物“可接近的”；accessible除了指人“易相处的”，还可指 地方“可到达的”、信息“易懂的”，适用范围更广。 3.inclusive 核心词性 形容词(adj,高频核心)：包容的；广泛的：包括一切的：包含全部费用的 例：an inclusive policy(包容性政策)、an inclusive price(全包价格) 词性转换 动词：include(包括；包含)，常用搭配include sth.in sth.(把某物包含在 某物中) 名词：inclusion(包含；包容；融入) 例：the inclusion of women in the team(女性加入团队) 形容词：exclusive(独有的；排他的：高档的)，与inclusive意义相反 例：exclusive rights(独家权利) 高频搭配 inclusive of(包括…在内)、inclusive education(全纳教育)、inclusive society(包容性社会)、inclusive approach(包容性方法) 易混辨析 inclusive vs including:including是介词，意为“包括…在内”，用于 列举事物时引出附加部分；inclusive是形容词，作表语或定语，强调“具有 包容性的”或“包含全部的”。 inclusive vs comprehensive:comprehensive侧重“全面的；详尽的”； inclusive侧重“包容的；不排斥任何一方的”。 6 4.subtitling 核心词性 名词(.，高频核心)：字幕制作；字幕（指为影片、节目等添加字幕的过程 或结果) 例：film subtitling(电影字幕制作) 词性转换 名词：subtitle((电影、书籍的)副标题；小标题：字幕) 例：a book with a subtitle(有副标题的书)、English subtitles(英文字幕) 动词：subtitle(给…加字幕) 例：The movie is subtitled in Chinese..(这部电影配有中文字幕) 高频搭配 subtitling service(字幕制作服务)、subtitling software(字幕制作软件)、 video subtitling(视频字幕制作)、accurate subtitling(准确的字幕制作) 易混辨析 subtitling(n.)vs subtitle（n.):subtitle作名词时可指“具体的字幕内 容”或“副标题”；subtitling指“字幕制作”这一行为或过程。 subtitling vs captioning:captioning主要指“（电视节目、影片的）说 明文字；字幕”，尤指为听力障碍者提供的同步字幕；subtitling更侧重不同 语言之间的字幕翻译与添加。 5.revision 核心词性 名词(n,高频核心)：修改；修订；复习；温习 例：the revision of a book(一本书的修订)、do revision for exams(为考试 复习) 词性转换 动词：revise(修改；修订：复习：温习) 例：revise a draft(修改草稿)、revise lessons(复习功课)》 形容词：revised(经过修改的；修订的) 例：a revised edition(修订版) 高频搭配 make revisions(进行修改)、undergo revision(经过修订)、final revision (最终修订)、revision notes(复习笔记) 易混辨析 revision vs review:review作名词时可指“复习；回顾；评论”，作动词 时指“复习；审查：评论”；revision侧重“为改进而进行的修改”或“学习 过程中的复习”。 revision vs amendment:amendment主要指“（法律、文件的）修正；修 正案”：revision范围更广，可指任何文件、作品等的修改，也可指学习中的 复习。 7 6.contribution 核心词性 名词(，高频核心)：贡献；捐献；捐款；捐赠物；稿件：投稿 例：make a contribution to(对…做出贡献)、financial contributions(财 政捐款) 词性转换 动词：contribute(贡献：捐献：投稿)，常用搭配contribute to(有助于； 捐献) 例：contribute articles to a newspaper(给报纸投稿) 形容词：contributory(促成的；起作用的) 例：a contributory factor(促成因素) 高频搭配 make a contribution(做出贡献)、significant contribution(重大贡献)、 voluntary contribution(自愿捐献) 易混辨析 contribution vs donation:contribution可指“贡献”或“捐款”，范围 更广；donation主要指“捐赠物；捐款”，尤指慈善捐赠。 contribution vs dedication:dedication强调“奉献；献身”，指全身心 投入；contribution侧重“具体贡献或捐献行为”。 答案与逐题解析 正确答案：16-18ABD 16.A (To improve communication through language.) 考点：细节理解题 语境逻辑：文章开头明确提到“The Translators without Borders(TWB)Community is a non- profit helping people get important information and be heard,whatever language they speak." 以及“helping bridge communication gaps”,可知其主要目标是通过语言促进沟通。 选项辨析：B选项“为译者提供工具和资源”是加入后的福利，非主要目标；C选项“免费提 供语言课程”文中未提及：D选项“获得更多社区成员”是实现目标的方式，并非目标本身。只 有A符合“通过语言改善沟通”的核心宗旨。 17.B(show respect to the cultures involved) 考点：细节理解题 语境逻辑：在“Requirements”部分明确指出“show care and respect to source and target cultures”,即尊重所涉及的文化。 选项辨析：A选项“与他人分亭TWB材料”与“never reassign or share with others any TWB materials”相悖；C选项“提前24小时完成任务”错误，原文是“inform us24 hours in advance if you cannot meet any deadlines'”(无法按时完成时提前24小时通知)：D选项“在红十字会 有一定工作经验”文中未要求，仅需“understand and strictly follow all the regulations of the International Red Cross”。只有B符合要求。 18.D (By delivering high-quality translation.) 考点：推理判断题 语境逻辑：文中提到“You will receive points based on different volunteer activities”以及“You 8 might lose points if the quality of your translation is poor”,可推断高质量翻译能获得积分，低 质量会扣分。 选项辨析：A选项“通过写推荐信”是积分可兑换的奖励，而非获得积分的方式；B选项“通 过要求更具挑战性的任务”文中未提及；C选项“通过分配他人各种材料”与“never reassign.. any TWB materials'”相悖。只有D符合“通过高质量翻译获得积分”的逻辑。