阅读理解29-北京市部分地区近两年（2024-2025）高二英语期末真题汇编

1 阅读理解-阅读表达29 试题基本信息 。题型：阅读表达(4题，短文约350词) 。 核心知识点：情绪、哲理感悟 ·考查重点：细节理解、推理判断、综合归纳、语言表达 材料剖析 。主题：生活转变的定义、影响及应对策略 ·结构：定义生活转变→分析负面影响阐述积极成长→讨论心理健康问题 。情感线索：从压力脆弱到成长领悟，强调心态和工具的重要性 阅读表达短文 Life transitions can be defined as significant changes in life that force individuals to adjust to a new set of circumstances.These changes can be positive,negative,or neutral,but regardless of their nature,they can be disruptive to our lives.For instance,moving to a new city can be exciting, but it can also be challenging to adapt to a new environment,make new friends,and establish a new support system. There's no denying that life often presents us with our fair share of challenges,usually in the form of sudden change.These life transitions,even the positive ones,can throw us into a tailspin (and leave us feeling stressed,confused,and vulnerable.But with the right tools and mindset, you have the power to overcome any adversity in the sudden change. Change,even difficult change that is neither wanted nor expected,can influence personal growth.Change gives us the opportunity to see what we're made of;to become stronger,more confident,and better prepared for what life throws at us next.With each new challenge,we develop new personal skills and obtain a greater awareness of ourselves,our families,and our communities. During times of change,our mental health can suffer.We may experience a range of emotions, such as anxiety,fear,sadness,and frustration.We may feel overwhelmed and struggle to cope with the new challenges and demands of our lives.Additionally,our self-esteem may be impacted as we face new challenges that we are not sure we can overcome.These feelings can lead to mental health problems,such as depression and anxiety,which can affect our overall well-being.Sometimes we can handle change and adversity by ourselves and sometimes we need a little help 2 问题列表 40.What are life transitions? 41.How can we gain the power to handle life transitions? 42.Please decide which part is false in the following statement,then underline it and explain why. Life transitions can give us an insight into ourselves and surely promote our mental well-being. 43.What tips will you give to a friend who is suffering from a life transition?(In about 40 words) 核心词汇详解 1.transition 核心词性 名词(n,高频核心)：过渡；转变（尤指生活状态、阶段的重大变化) 文中搭配：life transitions(生活转变) 动词（ν，高中略考）：转变；过渡，强调从一种状态或阶段转移到另一种 例：The company t切ansitioned to new management last year.（公司去年过 渡到了新的管理层) 词性转换 动词：transition(核心)、形容词：transitional(过渡的) 例：a transitional period(过渡期) 高频搭配 名词：smooth transition(平稳过渡)、phase transition(相变) 动词：transition into(过渡到)、transition from.to.(从…过渡到…) 易混辨析 transition vs change:前者强调“过程性过渡”，后者泛指“变化” transition vs transformation:前者“渐进过渡”，后者“彻底转变” 2.circumstance 核心词性 名词(n.,高频核心)：情况；情形；环境（常用复数形式circumstances) 文中搭配：a new set of circumstances(一套新的环境) 其他含义：经济状况；物质条件；命运；境遇 例：live in reduced cir℃umstances(生活拮据) 词性转换 形容词：circumstantial(详细的；依情况而定的) 例：circumstantial evidence(旁证) 高频搭配 under no circumstances(无论如何不；绝不，置于句首时句子倒装) in/under the circumstances(在这种情况下) 易混辨析 circumstance vs situation:前者强调“外部环境”，后者侧重“具体局面” circumstance vs condition:前者“周遭情况”，后者“条件或状态” 3 3.disruptive 核心词性 形容词(adj,高频核心)：破坏性的：扰乱性的（尤指影响正常秩序或进程) 文中搭配：disruptive to our lives(对我们的生活造成扰乱) 派生自动词disrupt(v.扰乱；打断) 例：The noise disrupted the meeting.(噪音打断了会议) 词性转换 动词：disrupt(核心)、名词：disruption(扰乱) 例：cause disruption(造成扰乱) 高频搭配 disruptive behavior(破坏性行为)、disruptive technology(颠覆性技术) 易混辨析 disruptive vs destructive:前者“扰乱秩序”，后者“造成破坏” disruptive vs disturbing:前者“干扰进程”，后者“引起不安” 4.adversity 核心词性 名词(.，高频核心)：逆境：不幸：灾祸（强调面临的困难或不幸的处境） 文中搭配：overcome any adversity(克服任何逆境) 常用搭配：in the face of adversity(面对逆境)、overcome adversity(战胜 逆境) 词性转换 形容词：adverse(不利的；相反的) 例：adverse conditions(不利条件) 高频搭配 economic adversity(经济困境)、adversity quotient(逆商) 易混辨析 adversity vs difficulty:前者“严峻逆境”，后者“一般困难” adversity vs hardship:前者“不幸遭遇”，后者“艰难困苦” 5.vulnerable 核心词性 形容词(adj,高频核心)：脆弱的；易受伤害的；易受影响的 文中搭配：feeling stressed,.confused,and vulnerable(感到压力、困惑和脆 弱) 常用搭配：be vulnerable to sth.(易受.…伤害/影响) 例：vulnera.ble to disease(易患病) 词性转换 名词：vulnerability(脆弱性) 例：emotional vulnerability(情感脆弱) 高频搭配 vulnerable groups(弱势群体)、vulnerable point(弱点) 易混辨析 vulnerable vs fragile:前者“易受伤害”，后者“物理易碎” vulnerable vs sensitive:前者“易受攻击”，后者“敏感易反应” 6.mindset 核心词性 名词(，高频核心)：心态；思维模式（指个人固定的思考方式或态度） 文中搭配：with the right tools and mindset(用正确的方法和心态) 常用搭配：a positive mindset(积极的心态)、growth mindset(成长型思维) 词性转换 动词短语：set one's mind to(下定决心做) 例：She set her mind to winning.(她下定决心要赢) 高频搭配 fixed mindset(固定型思维)、global mindset(全球思维) 易混辨析 mindset vs attitude:前者“深层思维模式”，后者“具体态度” mindset vs mentality:前者更常用，后者更正式 7.awareness 核心词性 名词（n,高频核心)：意识：认识；察觉 文中搭配：obtain a greater awareness of ourselves(对自己有更深刻的认识) 常用搭配：environmental awareness(环保意识)、raise awareness of sth.(提 高对某事的认识) 词性转换 形容词：aware(意识到的)、动词：awaken(唤醒) 例：be aware of the risks(意识到风险) 高频搭配 self-awareness(自我意识)、public awareness(公众意识) 易混辨析 awareness vs consciousness:前者“主观意识”，后者“清醒状态” awareness vs knowledge:前者“感知意识”，后者“知识认知” 8.self-esteem 核心词性 名词(n,高频核心)：自尊；自尊心（不可数名词） 文中搭配：our self-esteem may be impacted(我们的自尊心可能会受到影 响) 常用搭配：build self-.esteem(建立自尊)、low self-esteem(自卑) 词性转换 形容词：self-esteeming(有自尊的) 例：a self-esteeming individual(有自尊的人) 高频搭配 boost self-esteem(提升自尊)、self-esteem issues(自尊问题) 易混辨析 self-esteem vs self-confidence:前者“自我价值感”，后者“自信心” self-esteem vs self-respect:前者“内在自尊”，后者“自我尊重” 5 9.overwhelmed 核心词性 形容词(dj,高频核心)：不知所措的；不堪重负的（常置于系动词后作表 语) 文中搭配：We may feel overwhelmed(我们可能会感到不知所措) 派生自动词overwhelm(v.压倒；使应接不暇) 例：be overwhelmed by work(被工作压得喘不过气) 词性转换 动词：overwhelm(核心)、名词：overwhelm(压倒) 例：a sense of overwhelm(不堪重负感) 高频搭配 feel overwhelmed with(对…感到不知所措)、overwhelming majority(压 倒性多数) 易混辨析 overwhelmed vs stressed:前者“情感淹没”，后者“压力感” overwhelmed vs overloaded:前者“心理不堪重负”，后者“负担过重” 10.cope 核心词性 动词(v.,高频核心)：（成功地）应付：处理（尤指困难局面） 文中搭配：struggle to cope with the new challenges(难以应对新的挑战) 常用搭配：cope with sth.(应付某事)、learn to cope(学会应对) 词性转换 名词：coping(应对；处理) 例：coping strategies(应对策略) 高频搭配 cope with stress(应对压力)、cope with difficulties(应对困难) 易混辨析 cope vs deal:前者“成功应付”，后者“处理”泛指 cope vs handle:前者“应对困境”，后者“处理事务” 答案与逐题解析 正确答案： 40.Significant changes in life that force individuals to adjust to new circumstances. 41.By having the right tools and mindset. 42.The false part is"surely promote our mental well-being".The passage states that during life transitions,mental health can suffer (e.g.,anxiety,depression),so transitions do not "surely promote"mental well-being. 43.Accept emotions,seek support,view it as growth,and take small steps to adapt,which helps reduce stress and build resilience. 40.考点：细节理解 语境：首段明确定义"Life transitions can be defined as significant changes in life that force individuals to adjust to a new set of circumstances." 6 解析：直接提取定义中的核心信息”significant changes in life'”和”force individuals to adjust to new circumstances”即可。 41.考点：细节理解 语境：第二段末句"But with the right tools and mindset,you have the power to overcome any adversity in the sudden change." 解析：题目问”gain the power to handle'”,对应原文have the power to overcome'”,关键在于"with the right tools and mindset”。 42.考点：推理判断十细节对比 语境：第三段提到"obtain a greater awareness of ourselves'”(与'”give us an insight into ourselves” 一致)，但第四段明确指出"During times of change,our mental health can suffer..lead to mental health problems”。 解析：原句中”surely promote our mental well-being”与原文”mental health can suffer'”矛盾， 故该部分为错误。 43.考点：综合归纳十语言表达 语境：结合第四段”We may experience a range of emotions..struggle to cope”和第三段”Change gives us the opportunity to see what we're made of...develop new personal skills" 解析：需基于原文提炼建议，如接纳情绪、寻求帮助(”sometimes we need a little help'”)、视 为成长机会、逐步适应等，控制在40词左右。