阅读理解26-北京市部分地区近两年（2024-2025）高二英语期末真题汇编

1 阅读理解-阅读单选26 试题基本信息 。题型：阅读理解-阅读单选（4题，全文约340词) 。 核心知识点：公益活动（组织机构）、环境保护、记叙文 ·考查重点：细节理解、主旨大意、推理判断 材料剖析 故事发展线索：Mike Goldberg早期从事金融业→辞职追求潜水爱好→欣赏珊瑚礁重 要性→目睹珊瑚礁退化→创立I.CARE组织→号召潜水者参与珊瑚礁恢复 ·感情发展线索：追逐金钱的迷茫→追求热情的转变→对珊瑚礁退化的担忧→积极行 动的决心→对未来的展望 阅读理解短文 Mike Goldberg spent his early career working in financial services,putting in long hours for 12 years,he said,before he decided it was time to quit."I was just chasing money",he said, "But I realized that just wasn't true to my core."In 1996,Goldberg left his job and his home in Los Angeles to follow his passion for underwater diving.As a diver,Goldberg developed a strong appreciation for the coral reefs (and their essential role in the marine ecosystem.Today,he' s on a mission to help bring the area's coral reefs back to life through his nonprofit,I.CARE.Over the last two decades,he saw coral reefs in the Florida Keys go from colorful and full of life to functionally extinct today.Now,he says many of the reefs in the area cannot recover naturally on their own and require human intervention()to survive.Goldberg knew he needed to do something to help and wanted to find a way to get other people involved.He realized that divers could be a great workforce to help turn around the damage and restore the reefs.Around the same time,he met Dr.Kylie Smith,a behavioral ecologist and a coral reef ecologist.They spent hours at Goldberg's dive shop discussing the health of the reef.In 2022,they teamed up to co-found I. CARE,with the goal of appealing to divers to help restore the area's reefs,ensuring their survival for future generations.I.CARE organizes and offers special coral restoration dives for local and out-of-town participants.They spend the day learning about the importance of coral reefs and how to help rebuild them,then they go on dives to move coral to grow in a local nursery ()run by Mote Marine Laboratory and Aquarium."There's so much work to do.We're just getting started,Goldberg said. 题目选项列表 1.24.Why did Mike Goldberg decide to quit his job? A.He wanted to pursue his dream. B.He was not satisfied with his salary. C.He wanted to develop another hobby. D.He believed his job wasn't promising. 2.25.What inspired Goldberg to devote to preserving coral reefs? A.His passion for underwater diving. B.The commercial value of coral reefs C.His desire for better diving experience. D.The changes of coral reefs over the years. 3.26.What can we learn about I.CARE from the text? A.It makes money by training divers. B.It calls on divers to save coral reefs. C.It was proposed by Dr.Kylie Smith. D.It aims at protecting the habitat of coral reefs. 4.27.What can we learn from the passage? A.Nature never fails you. B.Passion creates purpose. C.Well begun is half done. D.Rome was not built in a day. 3 核心词汇详解 1.ecosystem 核心词性 名词(，高频核心)：生态系统，指生物群落与其环境形成的统一整体 常用搭配：marine ecosystem(海洋生态系统)、terrestrial ecosystem(陆地 生态系统) 例：Coral reefs play a key role in the marine ecosystem.(珊瑚礁在海洋生 态系统中起关键作用) 词性转换 形容词：ecological(生态的；生态学的) 例：ecological balance(生态平衡) 名词：ecologist(生态学家) Dr.Kylie Smith is a behavioral ecologist and a coral reef ecologist. 莉·史密斯博士是行为生态学家和珊瑚礁生态学家) 高频搭配 marine ecosystem(海洋生态系统)、balance of ecosystem(生态系统平衡) protect the ecosystem(保护生态系统)、restore the ecosystem(恢复生态系 统) 易混辨析 ecosystem vs environment:ecosystem侧重生物与环境相互作用形成的 系统，强调整体性和关联性；environment泛指周围的自然或社会环境，范 围更广，不强调生物与环境的互动关系 2.intervention 核心词性 名词(，高频核心)：干预；介入（指为改变情况而采取的行动）：调解：斡 旋 常用搭配：human intervention（人为千预)、government intervention(政 府干预) 例：intervention in the conflict(冲突调解) 词性转换 动词：intervene(千预；介入；插嘴) 例：The government intervened to stabilize prices..(政府介入以稳定物价) 形容词：interventional(介入的；干预的) 例：interventional treatment(介入治疗) 高频搭配 human intervention(人为干预)、require intervention(需要千预)、without intervention(未经干预)、military intervention(军事千预) 易混辨析 intervention vs interference:intervention通常指为解决问题或帮助而 进行的积极干预，含中性或正面意味；interference侧重未经允许的干扰，含 负面意味 例：avoid outside interference(避免外界干扰) 3.restoration 核心词性 名词(n,高频核心)：恢复；修复；重建 常用搭配：coral restoration(珊瑚礁修复)、ecosystem restoration(生态系 统恢复) 例：They are working on the restoration of the old building.(他们正在修复 那座旧建筑) 词性转换 动词：restore(恢复；修复；归还) 例：The doctor restored him to health.(医生使他恢复了健康) 形容词：restorative(有助于恢复的：恢复性的) 例：restorative sleep(恢复性睡眠) 高频搭配 coral restoration(珊瑚礁修复)、restoration project(修复项目)、efforts for restoration(恢复努力)、restoration wor以k(修复工作) 易混辨析 restoration vs recovery:restoration侧重通过人为努力使某物恢复到原 来状态，尤指物体、生态等；recovery侧重从疾病、损失或困境中自然恢复 例：ecovery from illness(从疾病中恢复) 4.behavioral 核心词性 形容词(adj.,高频核心)：行为的；行为学的 常用搭配：behavioral ecologist(行为生态学家)、behavioral research(行为 研究) 例：Behavioral studies show that habits are hard to break.（行为研究表明习 惯难以打破) 词性转换 名词：behavior（行为；举止) 例：Her behavior was2 macceptable..(她的行为不可接受) 副词：behaviorally(在行为方面) 例：behaviorally different(行为上不同) 高频搭配 behavioral ecologist(行为生态学家)、behavioral science(行为科学)、be- havioral pattern(行为模式)、behavioral adaptation(行为适应) 易混辨析 behavioral vs behavioural::两者为同一词的英美拼写差异，behavioral 为美式拼写，behavioural为英式拼写，含义完全相同 5 5.nonprofit 核心词性 形容词(adj.,高频核心)：非营利的；非盈利的 常用搭配：nonprofit organization(非营利组织)、nonprofit group(非营利 团体) 例：The hospital is a nonprofit institution.(这家医院是非营利机构》 名词(n,高频核心)：非营利组织；非营利机构 例：She works for a nonprofit..(她在一家非营利组织工作) 词性转换 名词：profit(利润；收益) 例：The company made a big profit last year.(公司去年盈利丰厚) 形容词：profitable(盈利的；有利可图的) 例：a profitable business(盈利的生意) 高频搭配 nonprofit organization(非营利组织)、nonprofit sector(非营利部门)、non profit group(非营利团体) 名词：run a nonprofit(运营非营利组织)、donate to a nonprofit(向非营利 组织捐赠) 易混辨析 nonprofit vs voluntary:nonprofit强调组织的非营利性质，目的不是盈 利；voluntary侧重“自愿的：志愿的”，指行为或工作的性质 例：voluntary work(志愿工作) 6.marine 核心词性 形容词(adj,高频核心)：海洋的；海生的；海事的 常用搭配：marine ecosystem(海洋生态系统)、marine life(海洋生物) 例：Marine pollution is a serious problem.(海洋污染是个严重问题) 名词(n,高频核心)：海军陆战队士兵 例：He served as a marine for five years..(他当了五年海军陆战队士兵) 词性转换 名词：mariner（水手；海员) 例：ancient mariners(古代水手) 名词：maritime(海事的；海运的) 例：maritime law(海事法) 高频搭配 marine ecosystem(海洋生态系统)、marine biology(海洋生物学)、marine resources(海洋资源)、marine conservation(海洋保护) 易混辨析 marine vs oceanic:marine侧重与海洋相关的生物、生态或活动，应用范 围广；oceanic侧重“海洋的；大洋的”，强调与大洋相关的地理或气候特征 例：oceanic currents(洋流) 6 7.essential 核心词性 形容词(adj,高频核心)：必不可少的；极其重要的：本质的：基本的 常用搭配：be essential to/for sth.（对某物必不可少) 例：essential characteristics(基本特征) 名词(n,高频核心)：必需品；要素；要点 例：take only the essentials(只带必需品) 词性转换 副词：essentially(本质上；基本上) 例：The two methods are essentially different.(这两种方法本质上不同) 名词：essence（本质；精髓) 例：the essence of life(生命的本质) 高频搭配 essential role(重要作用)、be essential to(对…必不可少)、essential items (必需品) 易混辨析 essential vs necessary:essential强调“绝对必要，不可或缺”，程度更 强；necessary泛指“必要的”，程度较轻 例：Vater is essential for life.(水对生命是必不可少的) 答案与逐题解析 正确答案：24-27ADBB 1.24.A (He wanted to pursue his dream.) 考点：细节理解题 语境逻辑：文中提到“Goldberg left his job..to follow his passion for underwater diving”,说 明他辞职是为了追求潜水的梦想。 选项辨析：B选项“对薪水不满”与原文“I was just chasing money”矛盾：C选项“发展另 一个爱好”不准确，潜水是他的热情而非新爱好；D选项“工作没前途”未提及。只有A符合 “追求梦想”的表述。 2.25.D (The changes of coral reefs over the years.) 考点：细节理解题 语境逻辑：文中明确指出“Over the last two decades,he saw coral reefs..go from colorful and full of life to functionally extinct today”,可见是多年来珊瑚礁的变化促使他投身保护。 选项辨析：A选项“潜水热情”是他转行的原因，而非保护珊瑚的直接动机：B选项“商业价 值”和C选项“更好的潜水体验”均未提及。D选项“珊瑚礁的变化”与原文描述一致。 3.26.B (It calls on divers to save coral reefs.) 考点：细节理解题 语境逻辑：文中提到“I.CARE..goal of appealing to divers to help restore the area's reefs”, 说明其号召潜水者参与珊瑚礁保护。 选项辨析：A选项“通过培训潜水者赚钱”与“nonprofit'”矛盾；C选项“由Dr.Kylie Smith 提出”错误，是两人共同创立：D选项“保护珊瑚礁栖息地”不准确，核心是“恢复珊瑚礁”。B 选项符合原文“呼叮潜水者拯救珊瑚礁”的表述。 7 4.27.B (Passion creates purpose.) 考点：主旨大意题 语境逻辑：Goldberg因对潜水的热情转行，又因珊瑚礁的变化投身保护，最终通过I.CARE 实现目标，体现“热情创造目标”的主旨。 选项辨析：A选项“自然不会辜负你”、C选项“良好开端是成功一半”、D选项“罗马不是一 天建成的”均与文章核心不符。B选项“热情创造目标”契合Goldberg从追求个人爱好到承担 社会责任的过程。