阅读理解21-北京市部分地区近两年（2024-2025）高二英语期末真题汇编

1 阅读理解-阅读单选21 试题基本信息 。题型：阅读理解-阅读单选（4题，全文约420词) 核心知识点：记叙文、个人经历 ·考查重点：细节理解、推理判断、主旨大意 材料剖析 故事发展线索：童年受母亲影响培养好奇心→大学毕业后选择记者职业→通过调查非 法企业体会职业意义→长期从事记者工作并保持初心与好奇心 。感情发展线索：对母亲教诲的感激→对记者职业价值的认同→对工作的热爱与投入→ 对初心与好奇心的坚守 阅读理解短文 As a child,Wang Junyan never dreamed of becoming a famous person on TV.Now she is the presenter for Universe TV's news programmes.I asked her how she had achieved success,and she told me her story."It was my mother who taught me to be curious:She had a great love of everything in the universe and she taught me to be interested in mankind and nature,"Junyan told me."We would look in old nests to find birds'feathers and we would even turn over stones to look at the little creatures there.I loved doing that,"remembered Junyan.She said,"My mother was a strong character.Although there were lots of difficulties to overcome,she never let her problems defeat her.She worked extremely hard to support me through school and during my time at Fudan University.Her attitude towards life will never stop influencing my thoughts and actions."After graduating from university,she became a reporter for a local newspaper.She said she chose to be a journalist because it is important that people grasp what is going on around them.I asked her if there was any special moment that made her realise this and she replied that it was after she was asked to inspect an illegal business.Her report helped the people who had been affected and it also helped the government inspect the company and catch the guilty people."That is when I realised the importance of being a journalist,"said Junyan."Writing that report wasn't easy,but I realised that people needed to know and so I didn't give up,"Junyan told me.I asked Junyan what she liked most about her job and she said that although there wasn't much glory in a reporter's existence,she found it interesting and challenging."I meet a lot of people and go to many different places.I'm never bored with this job!"She added that as a reporter she needed many different skills and was constantly challenged to learn new things.Finally,I asked her if after many years she still felt curious.Smiling brightly,she told me,"Nothing that I learned from my 2 mother has ever left me.Today when I'm looking for stories,I still feel like I'm turning over stones to see what might be hiding beneath!" 题目选项列表 1.24.How did Junyan's mother influence her? A.Junyan's mother worked part-time to support her. B.Junyan's mother taught her now to write a good report. C.Junyan's mother accompanied her to study at university. D.Junyan's mother helped her to develop an interest in humans and nature. 2.25.Why did Junyan choose to be a journalist? A.To become a famous person on TV. B.To learn many different skills and new things. C.To meet more people and go to many different places D.To make people aware of what is going on around them. 3.26.What did Junyan think of inspecting the illegal business? A.Scary but exciting. B.Difficult but meaningful. C.Simple but innovative. D.Dangerous but well-paid. 4.27.What does the author intend to tell us? A.Curiosity can make a difference in a person's life. B.Accepting what you have makes you happy C.Ups and downs can make one strong. D.Chance favors the prepared mind. 3 核心词汇详解 1.curious 核心词性 形容词(adj,高频核心)：核心含义一是“好奇的；求知欲强的”，描述人对 未知事物的兴趣，例a curious child(一个好奇的孩子)：二是“奇特的；不 寻常的”，指事物本身奇怪或反常，例a curious phenomenon（一种奇特的 现象)。 名词(n.,高中低频)：核心含义是“好奇：好奇心”，常用搭配out of curiosity (出于好奇)。 词性转换 副词：curiously,核心含义是“好奇地；奇怪地”，例She looked at him curiously.(她好奇地看着他)。 动词：curiosity(同名词，高中阶段较少考查动词词性，注意名词形式即可)。 高频搭配 形容词curious的搭配：be curious about sth.（对某事好奇)、be curious to do sth.(急于做某事；好奇地做某事)。 名词curiosity的搭配：arouse one's curiosity(引起某人的好奇心)、satisfy one's curiosity(满足某人的好奇心)、out of curiosity(出于好奇)。 易混辨析 curious vs interested:curious强调对未知事物主动探究的欲望，好奇心 更强，常与about搭配；interested侧重对事物产生兴趣，不一定有强烈的 探究欲，常用搭配be interested in sth.。 curious(奇特的)vs strange:curious指因不常见而引起好奇的“奇特”， 带有褒义或中性；strange侧重“陌生的；奇怪的”，可能带有贬义或令人不 适的感觉。 2.presenter 核心词性 名词(n.,高频核心)：核心含义一是“主持人”（电视、广播等节目），例a TV presenter(电视主持人)；二是“演讲者；发言人”，指在会议等场合发 言的人，例a conference presenter(会议发言人)；三是“赠送者；授予者”， 例the presenter of the award(颁奖人)。 词性转换 动词：present,核心含义一是“呈现；展示”，例present a report(提交报 告)；二是“主持（节目等）”，例present a TV show(主持电视节目)：三 是“赠送；授予”，例present sb.with sth.(向某人赠送某物)。 形容词：present,核心含义一是“目前的；现在的”，例the present situation (目前的情况)；二是“在场的；出席的”，例all present(所有在场的人)。 高频搭配 名词presenter的搭配：a news presenter(新闻主持人)、a radio presenter (电台主持人)。 动词present的搭配：present sth.tosb.(向某人展示某物)、present oneself (出席；到场)、present an award(颁奖)。 易混辨析 presenter vs host:presenter多用于英式英语，指电视、广播节目的主持 人；host可指主持人，也可指主人、东道主，适用范围更广，例a host of a party(聚会的主人)。 presenter（发言人)vs speaker:presenter侧重在正式场合有准备的“演 讲者；发言人”；speaker泛指“说话者：演讲者”，可指任何发言的人。 3.journalist 核心词性 名词(n.,高频核心)：核心含义是“新闻记者；新闻工作者”，例a newspaper journalist(报社记者)、a TV journalist(电视记者)。 词性转换 名词：journalism,核心含义是“新闻业；新闻工作”，例study journalism (学习新闻专业)。 名词：journal,核心含义一是“日记；日志”，例keep a journal(写日记)： 二是“期刊；杂志”，例a scientific journal(科学期刊)。 高频搭配 名词journalist的搭配：a freelance journalist(自由记者)、investigative journalist(调查记者)、foreign journalist（外国记者)。 易混辨析 journalist vs reporter:journalist指以新闻工作为职业的“新闻工作者”， 范围较广，包括记者、编辑等；reporter侧重“现场报道的记者”，直接从事 采访和报道工作。 5 4.illegal 核心词性 形容词(adj.,高频核心)：核心含义是“非法的；违法的”，例illegal activities (非法活动)、illegal trade(非法贸易)。 名词(，高中低频)：核心含义是“非法移民；非法劳工”（非正式用法）。 词性转换 反义词：legal,核心含义是“合法的；法律的”，例legal rights（合法权利)。 名词：illegality,核心含义是“违法；非法行为”，例the illegality of the action(该行为的违法性)。 高频搭配 形容词illegal的搭配：illegal business(非法生意)、illegal drugs(非法毒 品)、illegal immigration(非法移民)。 易混辨析 illegal vs unlawful:llegal强调违反具体的法律条文，语气较强；unlawful 侧重“不合法的；不正当的”，可能指违反道德或惯例，不一定是明确的法 律。 5.challenge 核心词性 名词(n.,高频核心)：核心含义一是“挑战；艰巨任务”，例face a challenge (面临挑战)；二是“质疑；怀疑”，例a challenge to authority(对权威的质 疑)。 动词(v,高频核心)：核心含义一是“挑战；向…挑战”，例challenge sb. to a game(向某人挑战比赛)；二是“质疑；怀疑”，例challenge the truth (质疑真相)：三是“考验；对…提出挑战”，例challenge one's ability(考 验某人的能力)。 词性转换 形容词：challenging,核心含义是“具有挑战性的；艰巨的”，例a challenging task(一项具有挑战性的任务)。 名词：challenger,核心含义是“挑战者”，例the challenger in the election (选举中的挑战者)。 高频搭配 名词challenge的搭配：accept a challenge(接受挑战)、meet the challenge (应对挑战)、pose a challenge(构成挑战)。 动词challenge的搭配：challenge sb..to do sth.(挑战某人做某事)、challenge for sth.（竞争某物)。 易混辨析 challenge(挑战)vs difficulty:challenge侧重“需要努力克服的挑战”， 带有积极意义；difficulty侧重“困难；难题”，可能带有消极意义，例have difficulty in doing sth.(做某事有困难)。 6 6.constantly 核心词性 副词(adv.,高频核心)：核心含义是“不断地；经常地”，例change constantly (不断变化)、constantly learn(不断学习)。 词性转换 形容词：constant,核心含义一是“不断的；持续的”，例constant rain(连 绵不断的雨)；二是“恒定的；不变的”，例a constant temperature(恒定的 温度)。 名词：constancy,核心含义是“恒常性；坚定不移”，例the constancy of his love(他爱情的坚定不移)。 高频搭配 副词constantly的搭配：constantly change(不断变化)、constantly improve (不断改进)、constantly learn new things(不断学习新事物)。 形容词constant的搭配：constant attention(持续的关注)、constant efforts (不懈的努力)。 易混辨析 constantly vs always:constantly强调“繁地；持续不断地”，中间可 能有短暂间隔，但总体持续；always侧重“总是：一直”，语气更强，几乎 没有例外。 constantly vs continually:constantly指“在时间上连续不断”；contin- ually指“在次数上频繁发生”，可能有间断。 7.existence 核心词性 名词(n.,高频核心)：核心含义一是“存在”，例the existence of life on Mars(火星上生命的存在)；二是“生活；生存”，例a hard existence(艰 难的生活)。 词性转换 动词：exist,核心含义是“存在；生存”，例exist in the wild(在野外生存)、 Such a thing doesn't exist.(这样的东西不存在)。 形容词：existent,核心含义是“存在的；现存的”，例the only existent copy (唯一现存的副本)。 高频搭配 名词existence的搭配：come into existence(形成；产生)、in existence(存 在的)、struggle for existence(生存斗争)。 易混辨析 existence vs life:existence侧重“存在状态或方式”，可能指简单生存： ife强调“生命；生活”，更丰富和积极。 答案与逐题解析 正确答案：24-27DDBA 1.24.D 考点：细节理解题 语境逻辑：文中明确提到母亲教导她对人类和自然产生兴趣，“She had a great love of everything in the universe and she taught me to be interested in mankind and nature". 选项辨析：A选项“兼职支持”文中未提及；B选项“教写报告”无相关内容；C选项“陪读 大学”不符合原文“worked extremely hard to support me through school”;D选项与原文表述 一致。 2.25.D 考点：细节理解题 语境逻辑：她选择成为记者是因为“it is important that people grasp what is going on around them”,即让人们了解周围发生的事。 选项辨析：A选项“成为电视名人”是她儿时未梦想的事；B、C选项是她对记者工作的感受 而非选择原因：D选项与原文直接对应。 3.26.B 考点：推理判断题 语境逻辑：她提到调查非法企业时“Writing that report wasn’t easy”,但报告帮助了受影响 的人，也让她意识到记者的重要性，说明此事虽难但有意义。 选项辨析：A选项“吓人但刺激”、C选项“简单但创新”、D选项“危险但高薪”均未提及；B 选项“困难但有意义”符合“不容易”和“帮助他人、体现价值”的语境。 4.27.A 考点：主旨大意题 语境逻辑：全文围绕母亲培养的好奇心展开，从儿时翻石头探索到成为记者仍保持好奇心，强 调好奇心对她人生的影响。 选项辨析：B选项“接受拥有的事物使人快乐”、C选项“起伏使人坚强”、D选项“机会青睐 有准备的人”均非核心；A选项“好奇心能改变一个人的人生”契合母亲教导的好奇心贯穿她 职业生涯的主线。