阅读理解10-北京市部分地区近两年（2024-2025）高二英语期末真题汇编

2 阅读理解-阅读表达10 试题基本信息 。题型：阅读表达(4小题，全文约310词) 。核心知识点：体育健身、健康生活 ·考查重点：细节理解、信息归纳、判断推理、拓展表达 材料剖析 ·主题线索：介绍负重行走(rucking)的定义、起源、益处及入门建议 。结构分析： 1.第一段：引出话题，定义rucking为背负重量行走 2.第二段：说明rucking的军事起源及测试标准 3.第三段：分析rucking流行的原因（易操作、全身锻炼、心理健康益处）》 4.第四段：提供rucking入门建议（循序渐进、选择装备、防受伤） 阅读短文 If you enjoy walking for exercise,there's a simple way to meet your demand-change your walk into a ruck.And it's an increasingly popular form of exercise. Rucking is walking with weight on your back.The term "rucking"comes from ruck marching, a core skill used by the military around the world.One of the tests the army normally gives to soldiers is a 12-mile ruck,which they must complete within three hours while carrying a weight of at least 35 pounds. The reason why rucking is growing in popularity is that it's an easy and all-body exercise. One study in 2019 showed that 10 weeks of weighted walking improved physical performance.Since rucking is usually performed outdoors,there is no doubt that it's also good for your mental health. Lots of studies suggest that the mental health benefits of being in a natural environment are huge. There are several tips for your rucking when you get started.First,don't be too eager.As with any new exercise,you'll need to begin slowly.Start with an empty backpack and walk a distance you've already done.When you start adding weight to your pack,try something low,like 10%of your body weight.Adding weight is going to put more stress on your ankles,knees,hips and back,so do it gradually.Another option is to start with a weighted vest instead of a backpack. This spreads the weight between your front and back.And of course,don't forget your feet.Select a comfortable pair of shoes to prevent getting hurt. 3 问题列表 40.What is rucking? 41.Why is rucking popular? 42.Please decide which part is false in the following statement,then underline it and explain why. When you start adding weight to your pack,you can try any weight you like. 43.Besides what are mentioned in the text,what other benefits can rucking have on us?(In about 40 words) 核心词汇详解 1.rucking 核心词性 名词(.，高频核心)：负重行走运动（背负重量进行的步行锻炼） 常用搭配：go rucking（进行负重行走)、rucking exercise（负重行走锻炼) 动词(v.,延伸)：ruck(背负重量行走) 例：Rucking is an increasingly popular form of exercise..(负重行走是一种 日益流行的锻炼方式) 词源解析 源自军事术语“ruck marching”(负重行军)，指士兵背负装备行军的核心技 能 高频搭配 名词：ruck march(负重行军)、I2-mile ruck(12英里负重行走测试) 2.gradually 核心词性 副词(adv.,高频核心)：逐渐地；逐步地（强调过程缓慢推进） 常用搭配：increase gradually(逐渐增加)、do it gradually(逐步进行) 例：Adding weight should be done gradually4.(增加重量应逐步进行) 词性转换 形容词：gradual(逐渐的) 例：a gradual process(一个渐进的过程) 高频搭配 gradually improve(逐步改善)、gradually reduce(逐渐减少) 易混辨析 gradually vs slowly:前者强调“循序渐进”，后者仅指“速度慢” 3.physical 核心词性 形容词(adj.,高频核心)：身体的；肉体的（对应mental) 常用搭配：physical performance(身体表现)、physical health(身体健康) 例：Weighted walking improved physical performance.（负重行走改善了身体 表现) 词性转换 名词：physics(物理学)、physician(医生) 高频搭配 physical exercise(体育锻炼)、physical activity(身体活动) 易混辨析 physical vs mental:前者“身体的”，后者“心理的” 4.mental 核心词性 形容词(adj.,高频核心)：心理的；精神的（对应physical) 常用搭配：mental health(心理健康)、mental benefits(心理益处) 例：Rucking is good for your mental health.(负重行走对心理健康有益) 词性转换 名词：mentality(心态；心理) 高频搭配 mental stress(心理压力)、mental strength(精神力量) 易混辨析 mental vs psychological:前者日常用语，后者专业术语 5.demand 核心词性 名词（n.,高频核心)：需求；需要 常用搭配：meet one's demand(满足某人的需求)、supply and demand(供 求) 例：There's a simple way to meet your demand.(有一个简单的方法满足 你的需求) 动词(v,高频核心)：需要；要求 例：The job demands patience.(这份工作需要耐心) 高频搭配 high demand(高需求)、demand for(对…的需求) 易混辨析 demand vs require:前者强调“迫切要求”，后者“客观需要” 5 6.increasingly 核心词性 副词(adv.,高频核心)：日益；越来越多地（程度逐渐加深） 常用搭配：increasingly popular(日益流行)、increasingly important(越来 越重要) 例：It's an increasingly popular form of exercise.(这是一种日益流行的锻 炼方式) 词性转换 形容词：increasing(增加的) 例：increasing number(不断增加的数量) 高频搭配 increasingly difficult(越来越困难)、increasingly common(越来越普遍) 7.military 核心词性 形容词(adj,高频核心)：军事的；军队的 常用搭配：military training(军事训练)、military tests(军事测试) 例：a core skill used by the military(军队使用的核心技能) 名词(n,低频核心)：军队；军方 例：serve in the military(在军队服役) 高频搭配 military service(兵役)、military base(军事基地) 8.outdoors 核心词性 副词(adv.,高频核心)：在户外；在野外（对应indoors) 常用搭配：perform outdoors(在户外进行)、stay outdoors(待在户外) 例：Rucking is usually performed outdoors.(负重行走通常在户外进行) 名词(n,低频核心)：户外；野外 例：enjoy the outdoors(享受户外) 高频搭配 outdoor activities(户外活动)、outdoor sports(户外运动) 9.prevent 核心词性 动词(v,高频核心)：防止；阻止（预先采取措施避免） 常用搭配：prevent sb.from doing sth..(阻止某人做某事)、prevent getting hurt(防止受伤) 例：Select shoes to prevent getting hurt..(选择鞋子以防受伤) 词性转换 名词：prevention(预防) 例：accident prevention（事故预防) 高频搭配 prevent disease(预防疾病)、prevent damage(防止损坏) 易混辨析 prevent vs stop: 前者侧重“预防”，后者“使停止” 6 10.benefits 核心词性 名词(n,高频核心)：益处：好处 常用搭配：health benefits(健康益处)、mental health benefits(心理健康 益处) 例：The mental health benefits are huge.(心理健康益处巨大) 动词(v,高频核心)：有益于；使受益 例：Exercise benefits our health.(锻炼有益于我们的健康) 高频搭配 benefit from(从…中受益)、for the benefit of(为了…的利益) 易混辨析 benefit vs advantage:前者“普遍益处”，后者“比较优势” 答案与逐题解析 正确答案： 40.Rucking is walking with weight on your back. 41.Because it's an easy and all-body exercise,and it's good for mental health as it's usually performed outdoors. 42.The false part is "you can try any weight you like".Explanation:The text says "When you start adding weight to your pack,try something low,like 10%of your body weight" and "do it gradually",so you can't try any weight. 43.Rucking can improve balance and posture by engaging core muscles,and enhance social connections if done in groups,making exercise more enjoyable and motivating. 40.答案：Rucking is walking with weight on your back. 考点：细节理解 语境分析：第二段第一句明确指出“Rucking is walking with weight on your back.”,直接提取 关键信息即可。 答题技巧：定位原文定义句，无需改写，直接引用。 41.:Because it's an easy and all-body exercise,and it's good for mental health as it's usually performed outdoors. 考点：细节归纳 语境分析：第三段首句提到“The reason why rucking is growing in popularity is that it'san easy and all-body exercise.”,随后补充“Since rucking is usually performed outdoors...it's also good for your mental health.”,需整合这两点原因。 答题技巧：找出并列原因，使用连接词“and”合并信息。 42.答案：The false part is"you can try any weight you like”.Explanation:The text says"When you start adding weight to your pack,try something low,like 10%of your body weight"and "do it gradually",so you can't try any weight. 考点：细节判断与信息比对 语境分析：第四段明确建议“When you start adding weight to your pack,try something low,. like 10%of your body weight..do it gradually.”,与题干中“any weight you like”矛盾，需指 出错误部分并结合原文解释。 答题技巧：先定位错误点，再引用原文证据说明原因。 43.:Rucking can improve balance and posture by engaging core muscles,and enhance social connections if done in groups,making exercise more enjoyable and motivating. 考点：拓展思维与语言表达 语境分析：题目要求补充文本未提及的好处，需基于“负重行走”的特点合理推断，如核心肌群 锻炼对平衡和姿势的改善，或团体活动带来的社交益处，注意控制词数约40词。 答题技巧：从生理和社会角度拓展，确保内容合理且语言连贯。