阅读理解7-北京市部分地区近两年（2024-2025）高二英语期末真题汇编

2 阅读理解-阅读单选7 试题基本信息 。题型：阅读理解-阅读单选（4题，全文约370词) 。核心知识点：人与动植物、记叙文、善行义举（个人） ·考查重点：细节理解、人物性格推断、语境逻辑 材料剖析 ·故事发展线索：了解蓝脚鲣鸟数量下降→萌生保护想法并制定卖蓝袜筹款计划→建立 基金会初期遇冷但通过社交媒体联系名人获支持→成功筹款并用于鸟类数量调查→实 地见到蓝脚鲣鸟→获认可并感悟坚持的意义 ·感情发展线索：关注担忧→积极行动→受挫坚持→欣慰喜悦→满足自豪+领悟坚 持价值 阅读理解短文 Will Gladstone remembers first learning about the blue-footed booby in his fifth grade science class.They are a symbol of the Galapagos Islands.The blue-footed booby population in the Galapagos has fallen to a third of its size since the 1960s.This fact stayed with Will,who grew up bird-watching with his dad around their hometown.Will had never been to the Galapagos,nor seen a blue-footed booby in person,but decided he wanted to help protect them. A few days later,he came up with a plan:He could sell blue socks,the same color as the bird's feet,to raise money for protection efforts.Will set up his online site The Blue Feet Foundation in March 2016.The website was up for three months before Will and his younger brother Matthew sold their first pair of socks."We reached out to a lot of people and they wouldn't take us seriously..because we were just kids." But being "just kids"comes with its own strengths.They made an Instagram account for the foundation and started direct-messaging stars.Will says one of their biggest supporters is his longtime favorite hockey player,Kevan Miller.They have sold about 10,000 pairs of socks to customers in 46 countries,raising about $90,000 after costs.All profits go to the Galapagos Conservancy and the Charles Darwin Foundation,two research and protection organizations based in the Galapagos Islands. Will's and Matthew's efforts are already having a beneficial effect.Their money was used for a blue-footed booby population survey in 2017 by a team of 10 researchers.The researchers report that they did see many more baby birds than in their previous study in 2012. Three years after forming the foundation,Will got to visit the Galapagos on a week-long school 3 trip.And Will finally got to see a blue-footed booby in person."I was crazily looking around and when I saw one,it was really cool,"Will said. The brothers have won several awards for their work.But they each say the biggest award they've got is perseverance. 题目列表 24.What inspired Will to protect the blue-footed booby? A.The drop of the birds'number. B.His trip to Galapagos Islands. C.His experience of bird-watching. D.The symbolic meaning of the bird. 25.What did Will and Matthew do while people didn't take them seriously? A.They started The Blue Feet Foundation. B.They asked protection organizations for help. C.They reached out to their classmates and other kids. D.They opened an account and contacted famous people. 26.The money Will and Matthew raised was used to A.take care of more baby birds B.do scientific research on the birds C.attract people to watch the birds D.award people who protect the birds 27.Which of the following words can best describe Will? A.Humorous. B.Generous. C.Determined. D.Creative. 4 核心词汇详解 1.perseverance 核心词性 名词(.，高频核心)：毅力；坚持不懈，强调在困难或挑战中持续努力不放 弃 例：The biggest award they've got is perseverance.(他们获得的最大奖励是 坚持不懈。) 词性转换 动词：persevere(坚持；不屈不挠)，形容词：persevering(坚持不懈的) 例：They persevered in their efforts despite difficulties.(尽管困难重重，他 们仍坚持努力。) 高频搭配 with perseverance(坚持不懈地)、the quality of perseverance(毅力品质)、 develop perseverance(培养毅力) 易混辨析 perseverance vs persistence:前者侧重“在面对困难、挫折时的持续努 力和决心”，强调克服障碍的过程；后者侧重“不受干扰地持续做某事的状 态”，可用于中性或略带消极的语境 2.symbol 核心词性 名词(n,高频核心)：象征；标志（抽象概念的具体代表）：符号：记号 例：They are a symbol of the Galapagos Islands.(它们是加拉帕戈斯群岛的 象征。) 词性转换 动词：symbolize(象征：代表)，形容词：symbolic（象征性的) 例：The dove symbolizes peace.(鸽子象征和平。) 高频搭配 a symbol of(…的象征)、national symbol(国家象征)、cultural symbol (文化符号) 易混辨析 symbol vs sign:前者侧重“抽象意义的象征”，如国家、文化的象征；后 者侧重“具体的指示、信号或迹象” 3.population 核心词性 名词(，高频核心)：人口；种群（某一地区或物种的数量）：全体居民 例：The blue-footed booby population has fallen to a third of its size.(蓝脚 鲣鸟的数量已降至原来的三分之一。) 词性转换 形容词：populous(人口稠密的) 例：one of the most populous cities（人口最稠密的城市之一) 高频搭配 population size(种群数量)、a drop in population(人口/数量下降)、the population of.(…的人口/种群) 易混辨析 population vs people:前者是集合名词，侧重“数量”，常用单数形式；后 者侧重“人”的个体，本身是复数 5 4.conservancy 核心词性 名词(n,低频核心)：（自然资源的）保护；管理机构 例：All profits go to the Galapagos Conservancs以.（所有利润都捐给了加拉 帕戈斯保护协会。) 词性转换 动词：conserve(保护；保存)，名词：conservation(保护；保存) 例：conserve water(节约用水)、wildlife conservation(野生动物保护) 高频搭配 environmental conservancy(环境保护)、water conservancy(水利)、Con- servancy organization(保护机构) 易混辨析 conservancy vs conservation:前者多指代“保护机构”或具体的“保护 项目/领域”；后者侧重“保护”的抽象概念或行为 5.foundation 核心词性 名词(n,高频核心)：基金会（组织名称）；基础；根基；地基 例：Will set up his online site The Blue Feet Foundation.(威尔建立了他的 网站“蓝脚基金会”。) 词性转换 动词：found(建立；创立)，形容词：foundational(基础的) 例：found a company(创办公司)、foundational knowledge(基础知识) 高频搭配 set up a foundation(成立基金会)、the foundation of.(…的基础)、lay the foundation for(为…奠定基础) 易混辨析 foundation vs basis:前者侧重“具体事物的基础（如组织、建筑）或抽象 理论的根基”，强调稳固性；后者侧重“抽象概念的依据、原则” 6.profit 核心词性 名词(n,高频核心)：利润：收益 例：All profits go to the Galapagos Conservancy..(所有利润都捐给了加拉 帕戈斯保护协会。) 动词(v,高频核心)：获益：盈利 例：The company profited from the new polic以.（公司从新政策中获利。） 词性转换 形容词：profitable（盈利的；有利可图的)，副词：profitably(有利地) 例：a profitable business(盈利的生意) 高频搭配 名词：make a profit(盈利)、net profit(净利润)after costs(扣除成本后) 动词：profit from(从…中获益)、profit by(通过…获利) 易混辨析 profit vs benefit:前者侧重“经济上的利润或直接收益”；后者侧重“对 人或事物的好处、益处”（可指抽象利益） 6 7.survey 核心词性 名词(n,高频核心)：调查；研究（数据收集类）；测量；勘测 例：Their money was used for a blue-footed booby population survey.(他们 的钱用于蓝脚鲣鸟种群调查。) 动词(v,高频核心)：调查；勘测 例：survey the population(调查人口) 词性转换 名词：surveyor(调查员；勘测员) 例：a market surveyor（市场调查员) 高频搭配 population survey(种群调查)、conduct a survey(进行调查)、survey results (调查结果) 易混辨析 survey vs investigation:前者侧重“对大量人群或事物的抽样调查”，方 法较系统：后者侧重“对某事的深入调查”，强调查明真相 8.beneficial 核心词性 形容词(adj,高频核心)：有益的；有利的 Will's and Matthew's efforts are already having a beneficial effect. 尔和马修的努力已经产生了有益的效果。) 词性转换 动词：benefit(受益：有利于)，名词：benefit(好处；利益) 例：benefit from exercise(从锻炼中受益) 高频搭配 be beneficial to(对…有益)、mut ually beneficial(互利共赢的)、beneficial effect(有益效果) 易混辨析 beneficial vs advantageous:前者强调“对健康、发展等普遍有益”；后 者侧重“在竞争或特定情境中占优势” 答案与逐题解析 正确答案：24-27ADBC 24.A (The drop of the birds'number.) 考点：细节理解题 语境逻辑：文中明确提到“The blue--footed booby population in the Galapagos has fallen to a third of its size since the 1960s.This fact stayed with Will...decided he wanted to help protect them.”,说明鸟类数量的下降这一事实促使Will想要保护它们。 选项辨析：B选项“His trip to Galapagos Islands”是在成立基金会三年后发生的，并非最初 的灵感；C选项“His experience of bird-watching”是他成长过程中的爱好，并非直接诱因；D 选项“The symbolic meaning of the bird”虽然提到它们是加拉帕戈斯群岛的象征，但未提及这 是保护的灵感来源。只有A符合“数量下降→决定保护”的逻辑。 7 25.D (They opened an account and contacted famous people.) 考点：细节理解题 语境逻辑：文中提到“they wouldn't take us seriously..because we were just kids.But being 'just kids'comes with its own strengths.They made an Instagram account for the foundation and started direct-messaging stars.”,说明在人们不重视他们时，他们开设了Instagram账号并 联系名人。 选项辨析：A选项“They started The Blue Feet Foundation”是在人们不重视之前就已建立： B选项“asked protection organizations for help”文中未提及；C选项“reached out to their classmates and other kids”与原文“reached out to a lot of people”不符，且未提到同学和其 他孩子。只有D符合“不被重视→开设账号联系名人”的行动逻辑。 26.B (do scientific research on the birds) 考点：细节理解题 语境逻辑：文中指出“Their money was used for a blue-footed booby population survey in20l7 by a team of l0 researchers.”,即资金用于鸟类的数量调查，这属于科学研究范畴。 选项辨析：A选项“take care of more baby birds”文中未提及照顾雏鸟；C选项“attract people to watch the birds”无相关内容；D选项“award people who protect the birds'”与原文“profits goto.research and protection organizations”不符。只有B“对鸟类进行科学研究”符合“数 量调查”的性质。 27.C (Determined.) 考点：人物性格推断题 语境逻辑：文中最后提到“the biggest award they've got is perseverance”,perseverance(毅力) 与determined(坚定的)意思相近，且从他们面对不被重视仍坚持行动、最终成功的过程可以 看出其坚定的性格。 选项辨析：A选项“Humorous”(幽默的)文中未体现；B选项“Generous”(慷慨的)侧重给 予财物，此处更强调坚持行动；D选项“Creative”(有创造力的)虽提到卖袜子的想法有创意， 但全文核心是他们克服困难坚持下去的毅力，“坚定”更能概括其主要品质。