阅读理解3-北京市部分地区近两年（2024-2025）高二英语期末真题汇编

1 阅读理解-阅读单选3 试题基本信息 ·题型：阅读理解-阅读单选(4题，全文约450词) ·核心知识点：科普知识、说明文、人工智能 。考查重点：细节理解、段落主旨、推理判断、写作目的 材料剖析 研究发展线索：提出基于鼠标键盘数据的AI压力检测模型→对比不同数据模型效果→ 详述实验设计与过程→呈现研究发现→探讨应用前景与伦理要求→展望未来发展 ·论证逻辑线索：核心发现→研究方法→实验验证结果分析→应用探讨→未来展 望 阅读理解短文 An AI model can be used to detect stress in office workers based on how they use their mouse and keyboard.A new study suggests that a machine-learning model using these two elements was more accurate at detecting stress in people than a model that tracked their heart-rate data. "We saw that the models that just used the mouse and keyboard data performed better than the models that had the heart-rate data in it,"says Mart Naegelin,a Ph.D.student at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology,and one of the study's authors. Naegelin and her fellow researchers used machine-learning models to analyze data on keyboard- typing activity,mouse movements and heart-rate data.They also studied the data of a combination of two or all three of these elements to determine which performed best in terms of measuring stress. They found that the model trained on mouse and keyboard data performed better than the model that used mouse,keyboard and heart rates.Of the single-modality (models,the heart-rate data performed the worst."The test was conducted in an environment that simulated an office environment,so the results still need to be confirmed in real-life scenarios (),Naegelin says. In the experiment,participants were divided into three groups.A control group carried out assigned tasks,such as planning meetings and collecting data,with no additional work.A second group at times answered questions from managers in person in a mock interview scenario while completing other assigned tasks.And members of a third group were,at certain points,interrupted with additional questions sent through an online chat on top of tasks assigned to other groups.At regular intervals during the experiment,participants were asked to rate their stress levels through a computer questionnaire. Researchers learned that workers made longer,less accurate movements with their mouse,as well as more typing errors,when they were stressed.Shorter,more direct movements with the 2 mouse were tied to lower stress levels.The study didn't focus on why increased levels of stress are thought to affect muscle activity. The researchers say they believe a stress-detection system that logs keyboard and mouse move- ments might be beneficial as a self-help tool for employees alongside other initiatives to improve workplace mental health.But employee participation would need to be optional and based on informed consent ()and companies would need to commit to protecting user privacy. It remains to be seen how this technology will evolve and be adopted in practice,but the potential for AI to contribute positively to employee well-being is an appealing avenue for future exploration. 题目选项列表 1.27.What do we know from Naegelin's study? (a)A.Heart-rate data has little connection with stress. (b)B.Mouse and keyboard data proves effective in stress detection. (c)C.Mouse data performs worst in measuring stress among all models. (d)D.Using more elements in a model increases accuracy in stress detection. 2.28.What is Paragraph 5 mainly about? (a)A.The research process. (b)B.The research findings (c)C.The research purpose. (d)D.The research background. 3.29.What can we learn from the passage? (a)A.AI models based on mouse and keyboard data have been widely applied. (b)B.Naegelin's study explains why muscle activity can affect stress levels (c)C.Employers need to respect employees'privacy while detecting stress (d)D.A stress-detection system improves physical health at the workplace. 4.30.What is the author's purpose of writing the passage? (a)A.To introduce a new model to detect stress. (b)B.To compare different models in stress detection. (c)C.To show the disadvantages of being overstressed. (d)D.To state the importance of a stress-detection system. 3 核心词汇详解 1.simulate 核心词性 动词(V,高频核心)：模拟；模仿（常指模仿环境、情境等）：假装：冒充 例：simulate an office environment(模拟办公室环境) 例：simulate interest in the topic(假装对这个话题感兴趣) 词性转换 名词：simulation(模拟；仿真) 形容词：simulative(模拟的；假装的) 高频搭配 simulate conditions(模拟条件)、simulate a scenario(模拟场景)、simulate experience(模拟体验) 易混辨析 simulate vs imitate:前者侧重”通过技术或手段重现某种状态或过程”， 强调”逼真度”；后者侧重”模仿他人的行为、风格等” simulate vs pretend:前者更正式，常指”系统性地模拟实际情况”；后者 更口语化，侧重”主观上故意假装” 2.modality 核心词性 名词(n.,高频核心)：形态：形式：方式（尤指数据、信息的呈现或获取方 式) 例：single-modality models(单一形态模型) 词性转换 形容词：modal(模态的；形式的) 高频搭配 different modalities(不同形式).single-modality(单一形态)、multimodalities (多种形态) 易混辨析 modality vs mode:前者更正式，侧重”学术或专业领域中数据、信息的 特定形态”；后者更通用，指”一般的方式、模式” 3.interval 核心词性 名词(，高频核心)：间隔；间隙（指时间或空间上的距离）；幕间休息 例：at regular intervals(定期；每隔一定时间) 词性转换 形容词：intermittent(间歇的；断断续续的) 副词：intermittently(间歇地；断断续续地) 高频搭配 at intervals(每隔一段时间/距离)、regular intervals(固定间隔)、time interval(时间间隔) 易混辨析 interval vs gap:前者侧重”有规律的、固定的间隔”；后者侧重”两个事物 之间的空白或差距” interval vs pause:前者指”较长或有规律的间隔期”；后者指”短暂的停 顿” 4.participant 核心词性 名词(，高频核心)：参与者；参加者（指参与活动、研究、比赛等的人） 例：experiment participants(实验参与者) 词性转换 动词：participate（参加；参与) 名词：participation（参与；参加) 高频搭配 study participants(研究参与者)、event participants(活动参与者)、key participants(主要参与者) 易混辨析 participant vs attendee:前者强调”主动参与并发挥作用”；后者侧重” 出席、到场”，不一定积极参与 5.initiative 核心词性 名词(.，高频核心)：举措；倡议（指为解决问题而采取的行动）：主动性： 积极性 例：workplace mental health initiatives(职场心理健康举措) 例：take initiative(采取主动) 词性转换 动词：initiate(发起；启动) 名词：initiator(发起者；创始人) 高频搭配 take initiative(采取主动)、launch an initiative(发起一项举措)、community initiative(社区倡议) 易混辨析 initiative vs measure:前者侧重”新的、有创意的举措”，强调”主动性”； 后者侧重”为解决问题而采取的具体措施” 6.consent 核心词性 名词(n,高频核心)：同意：许可（尤指正式或书面的同意） 动词(v,高频核心)：同意；准许 例：informed consent(知情同意) 例：consent to the plan(同意该计划) 词性转换 形容词： consensual(双方同意的) 高频搭配 informed consent(知情同意)、written consent(书面同意)、give consent (给予同意) 易混辨析 consent vs agree:前者更正式，多用于书面语或法律语境；后者更口语化， 指”观点或意见上的一致” 5 7.privacy 核心词性 名词(，高频核心)：隐私；私密（指个人信息或空间不受侵犯的权利）：隐 居；独处 例：protect user privacy（保护用户隐私) 词性转换 形容词：private(私人的；隐私的) 副词：privately(私下地；秘密地) 高频搭配 protect privacy(保护隐私)、invade privacy(侵犯隐私)、personal privacy (个人隐私) 易混辨析 privacy vs secrecy:前者强调”个人不愿公开的信息或空间”，是合法权 利；后者侧重”故意隐瞒或保密” 8.adopt 核心词性 动词(V,高频核心)：采用：采纳；收养 例：adopt new technology(采用新技术) 词性转换 名词：adoption(采用；收养) 形容词：adopted(被收养的；被采用的) 高频搭配 adopt a method(采用方法)、adopt a policy(采纳政策)、adopt a child(收 养孩子) 易混辨析 adopt vs adapt:前者”采用、采纳”；后者”适应、改编” adopt vs accept:前者强调”主动选择采用”；后者”接受、认可” 答案与逐题解析 正确答案：27.B28.A29.C30.A 1.27.B (Mouse and keyboard data proves effective in stress detection.) 考点：细节理解题 语境逻辑：文章第二段明确提到We saw that the models that just used the mouse and keyboard data performed better than the models that had the heart-rate data in it'”,且第三段指出"the model trained on mouse and keyboard data performed better than the model that used mouse, keyboard and heart rates”,说明鼠标和键盘数据在压力检测中有效。 选项辨析：A项”心率数据与压力几乎无关”错误，原文仅说单模态模型中心率数据表现最 差，并非无关联；C项”鼠标数据在所有模型中表现最差”错误，原文是Of the single-modality models,.the heart-rate data performed the worst'”;D项”模型中使用更多元素会提高准确性 错误，原文提到加入心率数据后模型表现反而不如仅用鼠标键盘数据，说明并非元素越多越准 确。 2.28.A (The research process.) 考点：段落主旨题 6 语境逻辑：第五段详细描述了实验中参与者被分为三组，每组的任务设置（控制组无额外工作、 第二组模拟面试被打断、第三组通过在线聊天被打断)以及实验过程中定期让参与者通过问卷 评估压力水平，这属于研究过程的具体介绍。 选项辨析：B项”研究发现”对应第六段关于鼠标键盘行为与压力关系的结论：C项”研究目 的”未在该段体现；D项”研究背景”通常指研究的起因或相关现状，该段是实验设计细节，属 于过程。 3.29.C (Employers need to respect employees'privacy while detecting stress.) 考点：推理判断题 语境逻辑：文章倒数第二段提到employee participation would need to be optional and based on informed consent,and companies would need to commit to protecting user privacy", 雇主在检测压力时需尊重员工隐私。 选项辨析：A项”基于鼠标键盘数据的AI模型已广泛应用”错误，最后一段提到"It remains to be seen how this technology will evolve and be adopted in practice”,说明尚未广泛应用；B 项”Naegelin的研究解释了为什么肌肉活动会受压力影响”错误，原文第六段明确说The study didn't focus on why increased levels of stress are thought to affect muscle activity”;D项”压力 检测系统改善职场身体健康”错误，原文第七段说的是improve workplace mental health”(心 理健康)。 4.30.A (To introduce a new model to detect stress.) 考点：写作目的题 语境逻辑：文章开篇即介绍”An AI model can be used to detect stress in office workers based on how they use their mouse and keyboard”,随后围绕该模型的研究过程、发现、应用前景展 开，核心是介绍这一新型压力检测模型。 选项辨析：B项”比较不同压力检测模型”只是文章部分内容（如对比鼠标键盘模型与心率模 型)，并非主要目的；C项”展示过度压力的缺点”未提及；D项”阐述压力检测系统的重要性” 是研究意义之一，但文章重点是介绍该AI模型本身。