内容正文:
1
完形填空20
试题基本信息
·题型:完形填空(10空,全文约240词)
·核心知识点:学校人员、记叙文、个人经历
。考查重点:动词词义、名词词义、语境逻辑、固定搭配
材料剖析
。故事发展线索:接受足球教练职位→新老队伍比赛失利→反思并转变态度→带领团
队刻苦训练→连胜并击败强队→领悟领导者态度的重要性
。感情发展线索:期待兴奋→失望反思→坚定投入→喜悦成就感→领悟主旨
完形填空短文
No one is born a winner.People make themselves into winners by their own efforts.
Many years ago,I took the headjob at a school in Baxley,Georgia.It was a small school
with a weak football program.It was a tradition for the school's old team toagainst the new
team at the end of spring practice.The old team had no coach,and they didn't even prepare
for the game.Being the coach of the new team,I was excited because I knew we were going to
_but to my disappointment we were defeated.Thinking hard about this bad situation,I came
to realize that my team members were me.I had to change my attitude about their ability
and potential.I started helping them build a little.Most importantly,I began to treat them
like winners.That summer,when the other teams enjoyed their vacations,we met every day and
passing and kicking the football.Six months after suffering our defeat on the spring practice
field,we won our first game and our second,and continued to Finally,my boys beat the best
team in Georgia,giving me a sudden feeling of great!From the experience I learned a lot
about how the attitude of the leader can affect the members of a team.Instead of seeing my boys
as losers,I pushed andthem.I helped them to see themselves,and they built themselves
into winners.
题目选项列表
1.A.operating B.editing C.consulting D.coaching
2.A.play B.guard C.protect D.inform
3.A.fight B.attend C.win D.act
4.A.reacting to B.looking for C.depending on D.caring about
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5.A.pride B.culture C.fortune D.relationship
6.A.risked B.missed C.considered D.practised
7.A.relax B.improve C.expand D.defend
8.A.sadness B.excitement C.curiosity D.fear
9.A.encouraged B.observed C.tested D.impressed
10.A.honestly B.individually
C.calmly
D.differently
核心词汇详解
1.defeat
核心词性
动词(v,高频核心):击败;战胜(直接接宾语,指在竞争、战争等中获胜),
例Our team defeated the opponents.(我们队击败了对手);二是“使失败:
阻挠”(抽象意义,指阻止计划等成功),例The bad weather defeated our
travel plans.(恶劣天气使我们的旅行计划泡汤了)。
名词(n,高频核心):核心含义一是“失败;战败”(不可数,指未能达成
目标的状态),例After several defeats,they finally succeeded.(几次失败
后,他们最终成功了):二是“击败:战胜”(可数,指具体的战败事件),例
Their defeat of the champion was unexpected.(他们击败冠军出乎意料)。
词性转换
形容词:defeated,核心含义是“被击败的;受挫的”,常作表语或定语,例
a defeated army(败军)、feel defeated(感到挫败)。
名词:defeatism,核心含义是“失败主义”,指消极对待困难的态度,高中
低频考点。
高频搭配
动词defeat的搭配:defeat sb..in sth.(在某方面击败某人)、be defeated by
(被…击败)。
名词defeat的搭配:suffer a defeat(遭受失败)、accept defeat(接受失败)、
inflict defeat on sb.(使某人遭受失败)。
易混辨析
defeat(v./n.)vs beat(v,):defeat更正式,侧重“在重要竞争或斗争
中彻底战胜”,宾语多为团队、国家、计划等;beat更口语化,侧重“连续
击打或在比赛中打败”,宾语可为人、队或抽象事物(如心跳),例beat the
drum(打鼓)、beat the record(打破纪录).
defeat vs failure(n.):defeat强调“在对抗或竞争中的失败”,有明确
的对手;failure侧重“未达到预期目标”,可无对手,例failure to pass the
exam(考试不及格)。
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2.potential
核心词性
形容词(adj,高频核心):核心含义是“潜在的;可能的”,指存在但未显
露的,例potential danger(潜在危险)、potential customers(潜在客户)。
名词(,高频核心):核心含义是“潜力;潜能”(不可数,指内在的能力),
例develop one's potential(开发某人的潜能):二是“可能性:潜力”(可数,
指发展的可能性),例economic potential(经济潜力)。
词性转换
副词:potentially,核心含义是“潜在地;可能地”,修饰形容词或整个句
子,例potentially harmful(有潜在危害的)。
动词:potentiate,.核心含义是“增强;强化”(多用于科技、医学领域),高
中低频考点。
高频搭配
形容词potential的搭配:potential ability(潜在能力)、potential risk(潜
在风险)、potential for sth.(…的可能性)。
名词potential的搭配:realize one's potential(实现某人的潜能)、tap into
potential(挖掘潜力)、have the potential to do(有做某事的潜力)。
易混辨析
potential(adj.)vs possible(adj.):potential强调“有发展成现实的
内在可能性”,主语多为事物;possible强调“客观上有可能发生”,主语可
为事物或it作形式主语,例It is possible to rain.(可能会下雨)。
potential(n.)vs capacity(n.):potential侧重“未被开发的潜能”,强
调未来的可能性;capacity侧重“容纳能力或接受能力”,例the capacity of
the hall(大厅容量)、capacity for learning(学习能力)。
3.attitude
核心词性
名词(.,高频核心):核心含义是“态度:看法”(对人或事物的观点),常
用搭配attitude towards/,to(对…的态度);二是“姿势”(正式用语,指
身体姿态),例a relaxed attitude(放松的姿势)。
词性转换
动词:attitudinize,核心含义是“装腔作势;摆姿态”,高中超低频考点。
形容词:attitudinal,核心含义是“态度上的”,例attitudinal differences
(态度差异),写作低频使用。
高频搭配
名词attitude的搭配:positive attitude(积极态度)、negative attitude(消
极态度)、change one's attitude(改变态度)、develop an attitude(形成一
种态度)。
易混辨析
attitude vs view(n.):attitude更强调“情感或评价性的态度”,带有
主观色彩;view侧重“对某问题的看法或见解”,较客观,例express one's
view on sth.(表达对某事的看法)。
attitude vs manner(n.):attitude指“内在的态度”;manner指“外在
的举止;方式”,例polite manner(礼貌举止)、in a friendly manner(以友
好的方式)。
4.tradition
核心词性
名词(,高频核心):核心含义是“传统:习俗”(长期形成的文化或行为
模式),例cultural tradition(文化传统)、family tradition(家庭习俗):二
是“传统的信仰或做法”,例follow tradition(遵循传统)。
词性转换
形容词:traditional,核心含义是“传统的;惯例的”,高考高频词,例
traditional food(传统食物)、traditional Chinese culture(中国传统文化)。
副词:traditionally,核心含义是“传统上;习惯上”,用于描述常规做法,
例Traditionally,,people eat mooncakes on Mid-Autumn Festival.(传统上,
人们在中秋节吃月饼)。
高频搭配
名词tradition的搭配:by tradition(按照传统)、keep up tradition(保持
传统)、break with tradition(打破传统)、pass down tradition(传承传统)。
易混辨析
tradition vs custom(n.):tradition范围更广,可指国家、民族的长期
传统;custom侧重“某个群体的日常习俗”,例social customs(社会习俗).
tradition vs convention(n.):tradition强调“历史传承的习惯”;conven-
tion侧重“社会公认的惯例或约定俗成的规则”,例international conventions
(国际公约)。
5.disappointment
核心词性
名词(,高频核心):核心含义是“失望;沮丧”(不可数,指情绪状态),
例To my disappointment,he didn't come.(令我失望的是,他没来):二是
“令人失望的人/事”(可数),例The movie was a disappointment..(这部电
影真令人失望)。
词性转换
动词:disappoint,核心含义是“使失望;辜负”,例Her performance dis-
appointed us..(她的表现让我们失望)。
形容词:disappointed,核心含义是“感到失望的”,主语是人,例be dis-
appointed with sth.(对某事失望)。
形容词:disappointing,核心含义是“令人失望的”,主语是事物,例a
disappointing result(令人失望的结果)。
高频搭配
名词disappointment的搭配:to one's disappointment(令某人失望的是)、
express disappointment(表达失望)、hide disappointment(隐藏失望)、great
disappointment(极大的失望)。
易混辨析
disappointment vs despair(n,):disappointment程度较轻,指未达期
望的沮丧;despair程度极重,指“绝望”,例sink into despair(陷入绝望)。
disappointment vs frustration(n.):disappointment侧重“因期望落
空而失望”;frustration侧重“因受阻而感到沮丧”,例frustration at not
being able to help(因无法帮忙而沮丧)。
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6.encourage
核心词性
动词(V,高频核心):核心含义是“鼓励;激励”(通过言语或行动使人有信
心),常用搭配encourage sb.to do sth.(鼓励某人做某事):二是“促进:助
长”(抽象意义,指帮助发展),例The policy encourages economic growth.
(这项政策促进经济增长)。
词性转换
形容词:encouraged(受鼓舞的)、encouraging(令人鼓舞的)
名词:encouragement(鼓励)
高频搭配
encourage sb.in sth.(在某事上鼓励某人入、encourage growth(促进增长)
易混辨析
encourage vs inspire:encourage侧重“给予信心或支持”,inspire侧重
“激发灵感或热情”。
答案与逐题解析
正确答案:1-5 DACCA
6-10 DBBAD
1.D(coaching)
考点:动词词义辨析
语境逻辑:后文明确提到“Being the coach of the new team”,可知作者担任的是“教练”工作。
选项辨析:A.operating(操作);B.editing(编辑):C.consulting(咨询):D.coaching(教
练)。只有D与后文“coach”身份一致。
2.A (play)
考点:动词固定搭配
语境逻辑:“old team to..against the new team”指新旧球队之间的比赛,固定搭配“play
against'”(与…比赛)。
选项辨析:B.guard(守卫);C.protect(保护):D.inform(通知)均无此搭配,且不符合“球
队对抗”语境。
3.C (win)
考点:动词词义+语境逻辑
语境逻辑:前文提到“old team had no coach,and they didn't even prepare'”,,作者作为新队
教练,因对方无准备而“兴奋”,可推断他认为自己会“赢”。
选项辨析:A.fght(战斗);B.attend(参加);D.act(行动)均未体现“必胜”的预期,与
“excited”形成逻辑呼应的只有C.
4.C (depending on)
考点:动词短语辨析
语境逻辑:作者反思失败原因,意识到队员“依赖”自己,而自己对他们的能力态度有误。
选项辨析:A.reacting to(反应);B.looking for(寻找):D.caring about(关心)。失败可能
源于队员过度依赖教练导致自主性不足,C符合逻辑。
5.A(pride)
考点:名词词义+语境递进
语境逻辑:作者决定改变态度,帮助队员建立“自豪感”,与后文“treat them like winners”(视
他们为赢家)形成情感递进。
选项辨析:B.culture(文化):C.fortune(运气);D.relationship(关系)。“build pride”(建
立自豪感)是成为赢家的心理基础,符合语境。
6.D (practised)
考点:动词词义+语境动作
语境逻辑:“met every day and.passing and kicking the football”指球队每天训练,“prac
tised”(练习)直接搭配具体动作。
选项辨析:A.risked(冒险);B.missed(错过);C.considered(考虑)均不符合“每天集合
训练”的语境,只有D体现“训练”动作。
7.B (improve)
考点:动词词义+语境发展
语境逻辑:“won our first game and our second,and continued to.”指球队连胜后持续“进
步”。
选项辨析:A.relax(放松):C.expand(扩张):D.defend(防守)。连胜体现实力提升,“im-
prove'”(进步)符合球队发展逻辑。
8.B (excitement)
考点:名词情感色彩
语境逻辑:“beat the best team in Georgia”(击败佐治亚州最强球队)是重大胜利,带来的应
是积极情绪“excitement”(兴奋)。
选项辨析:A.sadness(悲伤);C.curiosity(好奇);D.fear(恐惧)均与胜利场景不符,只有
B符合。
9.A (encouraged)
考点:动词词义十语境呼应
语境逻辑:前文提到作者“treat them like winners”,此处“Instead of seeing..as losers,I
pushed and..”,“pushed and encouraged”(督促并鼓励)形成正向动作并列。
选项辨析:B.observed(观察);C.tested(测试);D.impressed(使印象深刻)均未体现对队
员的积极引导,与“treat like winners”呼应的是A。
10.D (differently)
考点:副词词义+全文主旨
语境逻辑:作者通过改变对队员的“看法”,帮助他们“不同地”看待自己,最终成为赢家,呼
应全文“态度决定结果”的主旨。
选项辨析:A.honestly(诚实地);B.individually(个别地);C.calmly(冷静地)。“see themselves
differently”(以不同视角看待自己)指从“失败者”到“赢家”的认知转变,符合主旨。