完形填空18-北京市部分地区近两年（2024-2025）高二英语期末真题汇编

1 完形填空18 试题基本信息 ·题型：完形填空(10空，全文约280词) 。核心知识点：记叙文、个人经历、善行义举 。考查重点：名词词义、形容词词义、动词短语、固定搭配、语境逻辑 材料剖析 ·故事发展线索：兄弟二人驾车回家因交谈分心拐错弯→被迫支付过桥费后驶离→发现 路边男子因轮胎故障陷入困境→停车帮助更换轮胎并拒绝报酬→感悟错误带来助人机 会 。感情发展线索：专注交谈→因失误和浪费而沮丧→忙于辨路(“我”)与主动助人（哥 哥)→帮助他人后的释然→对哥哥心态的赞赏与领悟 完形填空短文 My brother and I were driving home together and became absorbed in a conversation.Because of this,my brother took a wrong turn.Unfortunately,the wrong turn took us towards a bridge and we had no way to turn back.Reluctantly(不情愿地)，my brother paid the bridge toll and drove on.He was clearly frustrated by the mistake and thewaste of $4.We eventually reached an exit slip-way and,as we took it,my brother noticed a car that stopped by the roadside.A young guy was standing nearby,looking anxious.I was busy trying to which way we went next but my brother pulled over and asked the guy if he needed any help.And he did.He had a(n)tire (and needed a wrench to get it off.My brother gave him a wrench,then proceeded to help him change the flat.The young man said that this had been a(n)week for him:earlier he had gotten into a minor car accident,and now this flat on his way home from work.He kept thanking us because he really would have been if we hadn't come along.After we had finished the job, he pulled out $20 to give to us."No,"I said."We were neverto even get on that bridge. We took a wrong turn.But now we know why we did.It was to help you.Thank you for turning our mistake into an opportunity to"What I loved most was watching my brother throughout this process.He was able to see a chance to help (which I totally missed!even in an otherwise situation.It can only come from a calm mind and a(n)heart. 题目选项列表 1.A.distraction B.challenge C.hesitation D.trouble 2 2.A.priceless B.countless C.needless D.useless 3.A.debate on B.figure out C.put forward D.deal with 4.A.spare B.missing C.flat D.unusual 5.A.exciting B.inspiring C.normal D.bad 6.A.stuck B.injured C.lost D.tricked 7.A.allowed B.supposed C.recommended D.chosen 8.A.learn B.trade C.serve D.work 9.A.complex B.negative C.desperate D.dangerous 10.A.brave B.simple C.heavy D.open 核心词汇详解 1.distraction 核心词性 名词（n.,高频核心)：注意力分散：分心的事物（抽象概念） 常用搭配：cause a distraction(造成分心)、seek distractions(寻求消遣) 例：The noise was a distraction from my work.(噪音让我工作时分心) 词性转换 动词：distract(使分心)、形容词：distracted(分心的) 例：Don't distract me while I'm driving.(我开车时别让我分心) 高频搭配 名词：major distraction(主要分心事物)、avoid distraction(避免分心) 易混辨析 distraction vs interruption:前者“注意力转移”，后者“行动中断” 2.toll 核心词性 名词（n.,高频核心)：通行费；伤亡人数；损失 常用搭配：bridge toll(过桥费)、death toll(死亡人数) 例：We paid a toll to cross the bridge..(我们付过桥费过桥) 词性转换 动词：toll(鸣钟；征收通行费) 例：The bell tolled at midnight.(午夜钟声响起) 高频搭配 take a toll on(对…造成损失)、road toll(道路通行费) 易混辨析 toll vs fee:前者常指“通行费/伤亡”，后者泛指“费用” 3 3.frustrated 核心词性 形容词(adj.,高频核心)：沮丧的：懊恼的（因未达成目标） 常用搭配：feel frustrated(感到沮丧)、frustrated attempt(失败的尝试) 动词(v.,核心)：frustrate(使沮丧；阻碍) 例：The delay frustrated our plans.(延误阻碍了我们的计划) 词性转换 名词：frustration(挫折)、动词：frustrate(核心) 例：He vented his frustration by shouting..(他通过大喊来发泄挫折感) 高频搭配 形容词：deeply frustrated(深感沮丧)、frustrated with(对…沮丧) 易混辨析 frustrated vs disappointed:前者“因阻碍而沮丧”，后者“因未达期望 而失望” 4.wrench 核心词性 名词(n,高频核心)：扳手；扳钳（工具类名词） 动词(v,核心)：猛扭；猛拉 例：He used a wrench to tighten the bolt..(他用扳手拧紧螺栓) 词性转换 动词：wrench(核心)、形容词：wrenching(扭伤的) 例：She wrenched the door open.(她猛地拉开门) 高频搭配 名词：adjustable wrench(可调扳手)、throw a wrench(捣乱) 易混辨析 wrench vs pliers: 前者“扳手”，后者“钳子” 5.reluctantly 核心词性 副词(adv.,高频核心)：不情愿地；勉强地（修饰动作） 常用搭配：nod reluctantly(不情愿地点头)、agree reluctantly(勉强同意) 形容词(adj.,核心)：reluctant(不情愿的) 例：He was reluctant to leave..(他不情愿离开) 词性转换 形容词：reluctant(核心)、名词：reluctance(不情愿) 例：She showed reluctance to participate.(她表现出不情愿参与) 高频搭配 副词：very reluctantly(非常不情愿地)、do sth.reluctantly(不情愿做某 事) 易混辨析 reluctantly vs hesitantly:前者“不情愿”，后者“犹豫” 6.slip-way 核心词性 名词(n,高频核心)：（公路的）出口坡道；滑台 常用搭配：exit slip-way(出口坡道) 例：We took the slip-way to exit the highwa.以（我们走坡道驶离高速公路） 词性转换 动词：slip(滑倒；溜走) 例：He slipped on the ice.(他在冰上滑倒了) 高频搭配 名词：boat slip-way(船舶滑台)、入access slip-way(入口坡道) 易混辨析 slip-way vs ramp: 前者特指“公路坡道”，后者泛指“斜坡” 7.anxious 核心词性 形容词(adj,高频核心)：焦虑的；担忧的（因不确定）；渴望的 常用搭配：be anxious about(担忧…)、be anxious to do(渴望做某事) 例：She was anrious about the test results.（她担心测试结果) 词性转换 名词：anxiety(焦虑)、副词：anxiously(焦虑地) 例：He waited anriously for the news.(他焦虑地等待消息) 高频搭配 形容词：extremely anxious(极度焦虑)、anxious expression(焦虑的表情) 易混辨析 anxious vs nervous: 前者“因不确定而焦虑”，后者“因紧张而不安” 8.proceed 核心词性 动词(v,高频核心)：继续做；进行；行进；前往 常用搭配：proceed to do(继续做某事)、proceed along(沿着…行进) 例：We proceeded to the next item on the agenda.(我们继续议程的下一个 项目) 词性转换 名词：procedure(程序)、proceeding(进程) 例：Follow the safety procedures.(遵循安全程序) 高频搭配 proceed with caution(谨慎进行)、proceed as planned(按计划进行) 易混辨析 proceed vs continue:前者正式“继续进行”，后者通用“继续” 5 9.stuck 核心词性 形容词(adj.,高频核心)：卡住的；动不了的；陷入（困境等） 常用搭配：get stuck(被困住)、stuck in traffic(陷入交通堵塞) 例：The door was stuck and wouldn't open.(门卡住了，打不开) 词性转换 动词：stick(粘贴；卡住) 例：The glue stuck the paper to the wall.(胶水把纸粘在墙上) 高频搭配 形容词：completely stuck(完全卡住)、stuck with(被困于) 易混辨析 stuck vs trapped:前者“卡住/陷入”，后者“被困/受困” 10.desperate 核心词性 形容词（adj,高频核心)：绝望的；孤注一掷的；极需要的 常用搭配：make a desperate attempt(孤注一掷的尝试)、be desperate for help(急需帮助) 例：He was desperate to find a job.(他急需找到工作) 词性转换 名词：desperation(绝望)、副词：desperately(绝望地) 例：She cried out in desperation.(她绝望地哭喊) 高频搭配 形容词：desperate situation(绝望的境地)、desperate measure(极端措施) 易混辨析 desperate vs hopeless:前者“绝望但可能尝试”，后者“完全无望” 答案与逐题解析 正确答案：1-5 ACBCD6-10 ABCBD 1.A (distraction) 考点：名词词义辨析 语境逻辑：前文提到“我和哥哥开车时沉浸在对话中”，后文导致“哥哥转错弯”，可知此处指 “因分心而犯错”。 选项辨析：A.distraction(分心)：B.challenge(挑战)：C.hesitation(犹豫)；D.trouble(麻 烦)。“absorbed in conversation”直接对应“distraction”。 2.C (needless) 考点：形容词词义辨析 语境逻辑：哥哥因转错弯支付了4美元过桥费，结合“frustrated by the mistake”,可知此处指 “不必要的花费”。 选项辨析：A.priceless(无价的)；B.countless(无数的)：C.needless(不必要的)；D.useless (无用的)。“wrong turn'”暗示花费本可避免，“needless waste”符合语境。 3.B (figure out) 考点：动词短语辨析 语境逻辑：“我忙着 下一步路线”，结合“took a wrong turn”后的迷茫，可知此处指 “弄清楚方向”。 选项辨析：A.debate on(争论)；B.figure out(弄清楚)；C.put forward(提出)；D.deal with（处理)。“which way we went next”需搭配“弄清楚”，故选B。 4.C (flat) 考点：形容词词义辨析 语境逻辑：后文明确提到“help him change the flat'”,可知此处指“轮胎瘪了”。 选项辨析：A.spare(备用的)；B.nissing(缺失的)；C.Hat(瘪的)；D.unusual(不寻常的)。 后文“change the flat”直接复现“flat tire”。 5.D (bad) 考点：形容词情感色彩辨析 语境逻辑：年轻人提到“earlier he had gotten into a minor car accident,.and now this flat'”,两 件坏事叠加，可知此处指“糟糕的一周”。 选项辨析：A.exciting(兴奋的)；B.inspiring(鼓舞的)；C.normal(正常的)；D.bad(糟糕 的)。“accident+且at tire'”对应负面评价“bad”。 6.A (stuck) 考点：形容词词义辨析 语境逻辑：年轻人因轮胎瘪了且没有扳手，若无人帮助会“被困住”。 选项辨析：A.stuck(被困的)；B.injured(受伤的)；C.lost(迷路的)；D.tricked(被骗 的)。“needed a wrench to get it off”暗示无法自行解决，会“stuck”在路边。 7.B (supposed) 考点：固定搭配 语境逻辑：“我们本不该上这座桥”，结合“took a wrong turn”,可知此处指“本应不做某事”。 选项辨析：A.allowed(允许)；B.supposed(本应)：C.recommended(推荐)；D.chosen(选 择)。be supposed to(本应)符合“转错弯是意外，本不该发生”的逻辑。 8.C (serve) 考点：动词词义辨析 语境逻辑：哥哥帮助年轻人换轮胎，将“错误”转化为“助人的机会”，此处指“服务他人”。 选项辨析：A.learn(学习)：B.trade(交易)：C.serve(服务)：D.work(工作)。“help him change the flat'”体现“serve others'”,符合语境。 9.B (negative) 考点：形容词词义辨析 语境逻辑：前文提到“转错弯、浪费钱”等负面事件，哥哥却从中发现助人机会，可知此处指 “负面情境”。 选项辨析：A.complex(复杂的)：B.negative（负面的)：C.desperate(绝望的)；D.dangerous (危险的)。“wrong turn+needless waste'”构成“negative situation”,与后文“help”形成对比。 10.D (open) 考点：形容词词义辨析 语境逻辑：哥哥在困境中仍愿意帮助他人，体现“开放、包容的心态”。 选项辨析：A.brave(勇敢的)；B.simple(简单的)；C.heavy(沉重的)；D.open(开放的)。“see a chance to help”对应“open heart”,指乐于助人的胸怀。