七选五16-北京市部分地区近两年（2024-2025）高二英语期末真题汇编

1 阅读理解-七选五16 试题基本信息 ·题型：阅读理解-七选五（约250词） 。 核心知识点：方法/策略、耐心培养、感恩练习、延迟满足 ·考查重点：上下文逻辑、段落主旨、代词指代、举例论证 材料剖析 。文章结构：以谜语引出话题，指出交通堵塞、排队等场景的共性是需要耐心，并提出培养 耐心的重要性，引出下文的具体方法。 。段落发展： 1.第一段：提出谜语，引出数字时代即时满足的问题，强调练习耐心的好处。 2.第二段：提出第一个方法一练习感恩，说明感恩的益处并引用研究支持。 3.第三段：提出第二个方法一让自己等待，强调延迟满足的好处，建议从小事练习。 4.第四段：提出第三个方法 -接受不适，指出舒适区依赖导致不耐，建议适应不适以 提升耐心。 阅读理解七选五短文 Here's a riddle:What do traffic jams,long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common?There is one answer.In the Digital Age,we're used to having what we need immediately and right at our fingertips.However,research suggests that if we practised patience, we'd be a whole lot better off.Here are several tricks we can learn to improve patience._ Thankfulness has a lot of benefits:Research shows it makes us happier,less stressed and even more positive."Showing thankfulness can develop self-control,"said Ye Li,researcher at the University of California.A simple gratitude exercise can help us practise patience.We'll take it! You should make yourself wait.Immediate gratification(满足)may seem like the most“feel good” option at the time,but psychology research suggests waiting for things actually makes us happier in the long run.And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practise.Start with small tasks.Wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake.You'll soon find that the more patience you practise,the more you start to apply it to other,more annoying situations.It is important to accept the uncomfortable.So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate ()and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone,we get impatient about the circumstances.You should learn to say to yourself,"This is merely uncomfortable,not intolerable."You'll then gradually become more patient. 2 题目选项列表 A.You'd better find the causes. B.You'd better practise gratitude. C.All this adds up to a state of relaxation. D.It can also help us practise more patience. E.Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend. F.They're all situations where we could use a little extra patience. G.But we need to become comfortable with the uncomfortable to develop a little more patience. 核心词汇详解 1.gratification 核心词性 名词(，高频核心)：满足；满意（抽象情感状态） 常用搭配：immediate gratification(即时满足)、delayed gratification(延迟 满足) 例：The gratification of seeing her success was immense.（看到她成功的喜 悦是巨大的) 词性转换 动词：gratify(使满意；使高兴) 形容词：gratifying(令人满意的)、gratified(感到满意的) 例：It grat杭fied him to hear he was correct.(听到自己正确，他很高兴) 高频搭配 sense of gratification(满足感)、seek gratification(寻求满足) 易混辨析 gratification vs satisfaction:gratification更强调“因愿望实现而产生的 愉悦感”，程度较深；satisfaction侧重“因事物符合预期而产生的满意感”， 使用范围更广。 2.riddle 核心词性 名词（n,高频核心)：谜语；谜题；神秘的事物 常用搭配：solve a riddle(解谜)、the riddle of the universe(宇宙之谜) 动词(v,高中略考)：解谜；出谜；使困惑 例：The question riddled me.(这个问题把我难住了) 词性转换 名词：riddler(出谜者；解谜者) 高频搭配 answer a riddle(猜中谜语)、riddle game(猜谜游戏)、speak in riddles(故 弄玄虚) 易混辨析 riddle vs puzzle:riddle侧重“用巧妙的语言或隐喻构成的谜语”；puzzle 范围更广，可指“拼图、智力游戏等”。 3 3.patience 核心词性 名词(n,高频核心)：耐心；忍耐力；毅力 常用搭配：have patience with sb.(对某人有耐心)、Patience is a virtue..(耐 心是一种美德) 词性转换 形容词：patient(有耐心的) 副词：patiently(耐心地) 例：She waited patiently for a reply..(她耐心地等待回复) 高频搭配 lose patience(失去耐心)、with patience(耐心地)、out of patience(不耐 烦) 易混辨析 patience vs tolerance:patience强调“在等待或面对困难时的忍耐力”； tolerance侧重“对不同意见、信仰等的宽容”。 4.gratitude 核心词性 名词(n,高频核心)：感激；感谢：感恩之心 常用搭配：express gratitude（表达感激)、a heart full of gratitude(充满感 恩之心) 词性转换 形容词：grateful(感激的) 副词：gratefully(感激地) 例：She accepted the gift gratefull4.(她感激地收下了礼物) 高频搭配 deep gratitude(深深的感激)、show gratitude(表示感谢)、gratitude to sb. for sth.(因某事对某人的感激) 易混辨析 gratitude vs thanks:gratitude是正式用语，语气较强，侧重“内心深处 的感激之情”；thanks是常用口语，语气较随意。 5.circumstances 核心词性 名词(n,高频核心)：情况：情形：环境（常用复数） 常用搭配：under the circumstances(在这种情况下)、live in reduced cir- cumstances(生活拮据) 词性转换 名词：circumstance（单数，条件；细节) 形容词：circumstantial(间接的：依情况而定的) 例：circ2 mmstantial evidence(间接证据) 高频搭配 under no circumstances(决不)、change circumstances(改变处境)、difficult circumstances(困境) 易混辨析 circumstances vs environment:circumstances侧重“具体事件的情况 和背景”；environment指“周围的自然或社会环境”。 6.tolerate 核心词性 动词(V,高频核心)：容忍；忍受；容许：对（药物、食物等）有耐受性 常用搭配：tolerate rudeness(容忍粗鲁)、tolerate no cheating(不允许作 弊) 例：Some people can tolerate lactose,others can't.(有些人能耐受乳糖，有 些人则不能) 词性转换 名词：tolerance(容忍；宽容) 形容词：tolerant(宽容的) 副词：tolerantly（宽容地) 高频搭配 tolerate doing sth.(容忍做某事)、tolerate pain(忍受疼痛) 易混辨析 tolerate vs bear vs stand:tolerate强调“主观上有意识地忍受”；bear 语气较强，指“承受重负、疼痛等”；stand口语中更常用。 7.merely 核心词性 副词(adv.,高频核心)：仅仅：只不过 例：I merely asked a question.(我只不过问了个问题) 词性转换 形容词：mere(仅仅的；只不过的) 例：a mere child(只是个孩子) 高频搭配 merely to do sth.(仅仅为了做某事)、not merely..but also..(不仅…而 且…) 易混辨析 nerely vs only:merely语气比only更正式，强调“数量少、程度低或不 重要”；only用法更广泛，强调“唯一、仅有”。 答案与逐题解析 正确答案：35-39 FBDEG 1.35.F (They're all situations where we could use a little extra patience. 考点：段落主旨+上下文衔接 语境逻辑：前文提出谜语“交通堵塞、长队、等假期开始有什么共同点？”，后文回答“在数字时 代我们习惯即时满足，但研究表明练习耐心会更好”，可知此处需揭示三者共同特征与“耐心” 相关。 选项辨析：F项“它们都是我们需要多一点耐心的情况”直接回应谜语，且“all situations”对 应前文三个场景，“extra patience”引出下文主题，符合逻辑。 2.36.B (You'd better practise gratitude.) 考点：段落主旨句+上下文呼应 语境逻辑：后文围绕“Thankfulness”展开，提到其好处“让我们更快乐、压力更小、更积极”， 且有研究指出“表达感恩能培养自控力”，可知本段核心是“感恩”。 5 选项辨析：B项“You'd better practise gratitude'”(你最好练习感恩)作为段落主旨句，统领 下文对感恩与耐心关系的阐述，与后文“gratitude exercise”形成呼应。 3.37.D (It can also help us practise more patience.) 考点：上下文逻辑+代词指代 语境逻辑：前文讲感恩的诸多好处，后文引用研究员的话“表达感恩能培养自控力”，可知此处 应进一步说明感恩与耐心的关系。 选项辨析：D项“It can also help us practise more patience”中“It”指代前文“Thankful- ness”,“also”承接前文好处，补充感恩对耐心的作用，符合递进逻辑。 4.38.E (Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend. 考点：举例论证+上下文衔接 语境逻辑：本段主题是“让自己等待”，建议从“small tasks'”开始练习，后文举例“等10分钟 再吃蛋糕”，可知此处需另一个“延迟满足”的例子。 选项辨析：E项“Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend”(把看favorite节目 推迟到周末)与“Wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake”结构相似，均为具体等待 练习，符合“small tasks”的举例要求。 5.39.G (But we need to become comfortable with the uncomfortable to develop a little more patience.) 考点：上下文逻辑+语义转折 语境逻辑：前文指出人们“认为舒适是唯一可容忍的状态，遇到不适就不耐烦”，后文建议对自 己说“这只是不舒服，并非无法容忍”，可知此处需转折，强调要接受不适。 选项辨析：G项“But we need to become comfortable with the uncomfortable to develop a little more patience”中“But”转折前文对舒适的依赖，“become comfortable with the uncomfortable” 与后文“This is merely uncomfortable'”呼应，提出培养耐心需接受不适的观点。