七选五12-北京市部分地区近两年(2024-2025)高二英语期末真题汇编

2025-12-08
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晴风教辅
进店逛逛

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1 阅读理解-七选五12 试题基本信息 ·题型:阅读理解-七选五(5空,全文约200词) 。核心知识点:爱因斯坦的创造性思维观,点、艺术与科学的关系 。考查重点:逻辑衔接、代词指代、段落主旨、因果逻辑、上下文呼应 材料剖析 。主题线索:爱因斯坦认为最伟大的科学家也是艺术家,强调直觉和想象力在科学成就中的 重要性,并探讨艺术与科学的区别在于表达方式。 。发展线索:提出观点→解释直觉来源→区分艺术与科学→说明科学家兼具艺术性的 原因→强调音乐对爱因斯坦科学洞察力的影响 阅读理解-七选五短文 "The greatest scientists are artists as well,"said Albert Einstein,one of the greatest physicists and an amateur pianist and violinist.For Einstein,insight did not come from logic or mathematics. “All great achievements of science must start from intuitive(直觉的)knowledge.Imagination is more important than knowledge."Surprisingly,it wasn't the content of an idea,or its subject,that determined whether something was art or science,but how the idea was expressed. If what is seen and experienced is described in the language of logic,then it is science.If it is communicated and recognized intuitively,then it is art.That's why he said that great scientists were also artists."If I were not a physicist,"he once said,"I would probably be a musician.I often think in music and I see my life in terms of music.I get most joy in life out of music.Music provided Einstein with a connection between time and space,which both combine spatial (and structural aspects."The theory of relativity occurred to me by intuition and music is the driving force behind this intuition,"said Einstein."My parents had me study the violin from the time I was six. 题目选项列表 A.But how did art differ from science for Einstein? B.Instead,it came from intrusion (and inspiration. C.My new discovery is the result of musical insight. D.There is no doubt that my theory was a great breakthrough then. E.Einstein himself worked intuitively and expressed himself logically. 2 F.Einstein also owed his scientific insight and intuition mainly to music. G.For Einstein,it was the humanities that mainly contributed to his achievements. 核心词汇详解 1.intuitive 核心词性 形容词(adj,高频核心):直觉的:凭直觉获知的(强调不依赖理性推理而 直接感知) 常用搭配:intuitive knowledge(直觉知识)、intuitive thinking(直觉思维) 名词(n.,高中拓展):intuition(直觉;直觉力) 例:trust your intuition(相信你的直觉) 词性转换 副词:intuitively(直觉地;凭直觉地) 例:She intuitively knew he was lying.(她凭直觉知道他在撒谎) 高频搭配 形容词:intuitive understanding(直观理解)、intuitive feeling(直觉感受) 名词:have an intuition that.((凭直觉认为…)、develop intuition(培养 直觉力) 易混辨析 intuitive vs instinctive:前者侧重“基于直觉的认知”,强调思维判断;后 者侧重“本能的”,强调生理反应 intuition vs insight:前者指“直接感知能力”;后者指“对事物本质的深 刻理解” 2.relativity 核心词性 名词(,高频核心):相对论(首字母常大写):相关性;相对性 常用搭配:the Theory of Relativity(相对论)、the relativity of truth(真理 的相对性) 词性转换 形容词:relative(相对的;相关的;亲戚的) 例:relative peace(相对和平)、close relatives(近亲) 副词:relatively(相对地;比较地) 例:relatively easy(相对容易) 高频搭配 名词:principle of relativity(相对性原理)、relativity theory(相对论) 形容词:relative importance(相对重要性)、relative to(与…相比;关于) 易混辨析 relativity vs relationship:前者侧重“相对性;相关性”,多用于抽象概 念;后者侧重“关系;联系”,多用于具体关联 relative(adj.)vs relevant:前者强调“相对的”;后者强调“相关的;切 题的” 3 3.spatial 核心词性 形容词(adj.,高频核心):空间的;与空间有关的(描述物体位置、结构或 关系) 常用搭配:spatial distribution(空间分布)、spatial awareness(空间感知能 力) 词性转换 名词:space(空间;太空:间隔) 例:enough space(足够的空间)、Space Station(空间站) 副词:spatially(在空间上;从空间角度) 例:spatially separated(在空间上分离的) 高频搭配 形容词:spatial order(空间顺序)、spatial structure(空间结构) 易混辨析 spatial vs spacious:前者侧重“与空间相关的”,描述属性;后者侧重“宽 敞的”,描述空间大小 spatial vs temporal:前者指“空间的”;后者指“时间的” 4.intuition 核心词性 名词(,高频核心):直觉:直觉力(指无需有意识思考的直接感知能力) 常用搭配:rely on intuition(依靠直觉)、a woman's intuition(女人的直 觉) 词性转换 形容词:intuitive(直觉的;凭直觉获知的) 例:intuitive decision(直觉决策) 副词:intuitively(直觉地;凭直觉地) 例:He intuitively sensed danger.(他凭直觉感到危险) 高频搭配 名词:have the intuition that..(凭直觉认为…)、follow one'sintuition (跟随直觉) 易混辨析 intuition vs instinct:前者侧重“思维层面的直觉判断”;后者侧重“生理 或行为上的本能反应” intuition vs perception:前者指“无需推理的直接感知”;后者指“通过 感官或思维获得的认知” 5.insight 核心词性 名词(n,高频核心):洞察力;深刻见解;领悟;顿悟 常用搭配:gain insight into sth.(深入了解某事)、have an insight(有所领 悟) 词性转换 形容词:insightful(富有洞察力的) 例:an insightful comment(富有洞察力的评论)》 高频搭配 名词:provide insight into(为…提供见解)、deep insight(深刻见解) 易混辨析 insight vs understanding:前者强调“深刻的、独到的见解”;后者侧重 “对事物的理解或领会”,范围更广 insight vs wisdom:前者指“对具体事物的洞察力”:后者指“普遍的智 慧;明智” 6.humanities 核心词性 名词(n.,高频核心):人文学科(复数形式,不可数,指研究人类文化、思 想、艺术等的学科) 常用搭配:study the humanities(学习人文学科)、humanities subjects(人 文学科科目) 词性转换 名词:humanity(人性;人道;人类;人文学科) 例:the goodness of humanity(人性的善良)、all humanity(全人类) 形容词:humanistic(人文主义的;人本主义的) 例:humanistic education(人文主义教育) 高频搭配 名词:humanities and social sciences(人文社会科学)、humanities research (人文研究) 易混辨析 humanities vs social sciences:前者侧重“文学、艺术、历史、哲学等文 化类学科”;后者侧重“社会学、经济学、政治学等社会现象学科” humanities vs arts:arts范围更广,可指“艺术”或“文科”;humanities 是arts中的核心组成部分,更强调“人文研究” 5 7.structural 核心词性 形容词(dj.,高频核心):结构的:构造的:结构性的(指与事物结构相关 或涉及系统深层结构) 常用搭配:structural design(结构设计)、入structural reform(结构性改革) 词性转换 名词:structure(结构;建筑物) 例:the structure of the building(建筑物的结构) 动词:structure(构造;组织) 例:structure a sentence(构造句子) 高频搭配 形容词:structural change(结构性变化)、structural integrity(结构完整性) 易混辨析 structural vs functional::前者侧重“结构上的”;后者侧重“功能上的” structural vs organizational::前者指“物理或抽象结构”;后者指“组织 上的” 答案与逐题解析 正确答案:35-39 BAFGC 1.35.B (Instead,it came from intrusion (and inspiration.) 考点:逻辑衔接+代词指代 语境逻辑:前文指出“洞察力并非来自逻辑或数学”,此处需用转折词引出真正来源。B选项 “Instead,it came from intuition and inspiration”中“instead”承接前文否定逻辑,“it”指代 “insight”,与后文“All great achievements..start from intuitive knowledge”形成呼应。 选项辨析:A项提出“艺术与科学的区别”,与前文“洞察力来源”话题脱节;B项“直觉与灵 感”直接回答前文“洞察力来源”,符合递进逻辑。 2.36.A (But how did art differ from science for Einstein?) 考点:段落主旨+设问过渡 语境逻辑:前文引用爱因斯坦关于“直觉与想象力”的观点,后文转而讨论“艺术与科学的区别 在于表达方法”,A选项“But how did art differ from science for Einstein?”以设问方式承接上 文“科学家也是艺术家”的观点,引出下文对艺术与科学差异的解释,起到过渡作用。 选项辨析:G项“人文科学贡献”与后文“艺术与科学的表达差异”无关;A项设问直接对应 后文“it wasn’t.but how the idea was expressed”的回答,逻辑紧密。 3.37.F(Einstein also owed his scientific insight and intuition mainly to music. 考点:因果逻辑+信息补全 语境逻辑:前文说明“艺术与科学的区别在于表达方法”,后文“That's why he said great scientists were also artists”解释结论原因。F选项“Einstein also owed his scientific insight and intuition mainly to music”补充了“科学家也是艺术家”的具体例证一爱因斯坦的科学洞察 力源于音乐,与后文“Music provided Einstein with a connection.”形成衔接。 选项辨析:E项“直觉工作,逻辑表达”仅重复前文“表达差异”,未体现“科学家也是艺术家” 的因果:F项“音乐对洞察力的作用”直接支撑“科学家兼具艺术性”的结论。 4.38.G(For Einstein,it was the humanities that mainly contributed to his achieve- 6 ments. 考点:观点总结+上下文呼应 语境逻辑:前文强调音乐对爱因斯坦的重要性,G选项“For Einstein,it was the humanities that mainly contributed to his achievements'”总结爱因斯坦认为人文科学(如音乐)是其成就的主 要贡献者,与前文“music is the driving force behind this intuition”形成升华,且“humanities” 涵盖音乐等艺术形式。 选项辨析:C项“新发现是音乐洞察的结果”仅侧重具体发现,G项“人文科学贡献”更符合 对前文“音乐作用”的概括。 5.39.C (My new discovery is the result of musical insight.) 考点:例证补充+语境衔接 语境逻辑:前文引用爱因斯坦“如果不是物理学家,可能会成为音乐家”及“相对论源于直觉,音 乐是直觉驱动力”,C选项“My new discovery is the result of musical insight”以第一人称直接 补充音乐洞察促成科学发现的例证,呼应前文“music is the driving force behind this intuition”, 且与“parents had me study the violin”形成个人经历与成就的关联。 选项辨析:D项“理论是重大突破”与前文“音乐作用”无关;C项“新发现源于音乐洞察”直 接例证音乐对科学发现的推动作用,符合语境。

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七选五12-北京市部分地区近两年(2024-2025)高二英语期末真题汇编
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七选五12-北京市部分地区近两年(2024-2025)高二英语期末真题汇编
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七选五12-北京市部分地区近两年(2024-2025)高二英语期末真题汇编
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