七选五1-北京市部分地区近两年（2024-2025）高二英语期末真题汇编

1 阅读理解-七选五1 试题基本信息 。题型：阅读理解-七选五（约270词） 。 核心知识点：社会问题与社会现象、哲理感悟 ·考查重点：上下文逻辑衔接、主旨句识别、举例论证、类比推理、转折关系 材料剖析 ·文章主题：探讨金钱与幸福的关系，基于科学研究分析金钱在特定条件下对幸福感的影 响。 ·结构线索：引出话题→提出幸福根本来源→分析金钱作用上限→介绍习惯化现象→ 总结金钱与幸福关系的阶段性特点。 ·逻辑发展：从科学结论混合性入手，逐步论证金钱与幸福的复杂关联，强调基本需求满 足、心理机制和财务安全的影响。 阅读理解短文 "Money can't buy you happiness"is either a well-known piece of folk wisdom,or a tired cliche )Is it right,though?Scientifically speaking,the answer is mixed.A recent study carried out at the University of Bath has once again looked at the relationship between income and happiness.It seems that,up to a point and within a specific set of circumstances,money can buy happiness.35 What makes us happy?At the most fundamental level,the things that make us happy are those that satisfy our basic biological needs.36 Our brain recognizes these things as being "biologically significant".If we obtain them,we experience a sense of happiness. However,.this doesn't mean“more money”automatically means“more happiness”.Money may be recognized by our brains as biologically significant,but there is an upper limit on how rewarding even biologically significant things can be.For example,eating food can often be plea- surable,but at some point,you'll be sated after which point eating more causes actual discomfort.37 Build too many barriers around yourself and you will end up feeling isolated. There's also the phenomenon of habituation where the fundamental parts of our brains learn not to react to things that occur predictably and reliably.This is why things that are surprising and unexpected are often more rewarding than familiar things.38 Receiving your regular pay is reassuring,but receiving money unexpectedly,even if it's a far smaller sum,often makes you much happier. Also,when we actively need it for our survival,obtaining money is very rewarding.Once we go beyond that point,in other words,once we're "financially secure",its power to make us happy 2 is significantly reduced.39 题目选项列表 A.In many cases,the same thing happens with money. B.This ultimately means money's link to happiness is more indirect. C.The same goes for drinking and even for things like shelter and security. D.It might be better to consider that money can buy you safety and security. E.We humans need many things to ensure our survival,like food,water and security. F.But beyond that,the relationship between money and happiness becomes more uncertain. G.Instead,more psychological stimulation like travelling has a greater ability to make us happy. 核心词汇详解 1.folk wisdom 核心词性 名词短语(n.phr.,高频核心)：民间智慧；传统智慧（指在特定文化或群 体中代代相传的经验性知识、信念或处世原则) 常用搭配：traditional folk wisdom(传统民间智慧) 例：The saying"Money can't buy happiness”is a piece of folk wisdom.(“金 钱买不到幸福”这句俗语是一种民间智慧。) 词性转换 形容词：folk(民间的)、名词：wisdom(智慧) 例：folk culture(民间文化)、ancient wisdom(古老智慧) 高频搭配 名词：piece of folk wisdom(一条民间智慧)、folk belief(民间信仰) 易混辨析 folk wisdom vs common sense:前者“文化传承性”，后者“普遍常识 性” 例：Common sense tells us to avoid danger.(常识告诉我们避开危险。) 2.cliche 核心词性 名词(.，高频核心)：陈词滥调；老生常谈（指被过度使用而失去新意或力 量的词语、短语或观念) 常用搭配：avoid cliches(避免陈词滥调)、tired cliché（乏味的陈词滥调） 例：The movie's plot is full of clichs.(这部电影的情节充满了陈词滥调。) 词性转换 形容词：clicheéd(陈腐的) 例：a cliched expression(陈腐的表达) 高频搭配 动词：use cliches(使用陈词滥调)、become a clicheé（成为陈词滥调） 易混辨析 clichévs platitude:前者“过度使用乏味”，后者“正确但空洞的套话” 3 3.biological 核心词性 形容词(adj.,高频核心)：生物学的；生物的（与生物学科相关）：生理的 (与生物体机能相关)：亲生的 常用搭配：biological needs(生理需求)、biological research(生物学研究)、 biological parents(亲生父母) 例：Our brain recognizes basic biological needs as significant.(我们的大脑 认为基本生理需求很重要。) 词性转换 名词：biology(生物学)、副词：biologically(生物学上) 例：biologically significant(生物学上重要的) 高频搭配 名词：biological clock(生物钟)、biological diversity(生物多样性) 易混辨析 biological vs physiological:前者“广义生物相关”，后者“特定生理机 能” 例：physiological response(生理反应) 4.rewarding 核心词性 形容词(adj,高频核心)：有益的；值得的；有回报的（指带来满足感、成 就感或实际利益的) 常用搭配：a rewarding experience(有益的经历)、rewarding work(有回报 的工作) 例：Learning a new language can be a rewarding process..(学习一门新语言 可能是一个有回报的过程。) 词性转换 动词：reward(奖励)、名词：reward(报酬) 例：reward sb.for sth.(因某事奖励某人) 高频搭配 副词：highly rewarding(非常有回报的)、personally rewarding(个人获益 的) 易混辨析 rewarding vs satisfying:前者“强调回报价值”，后者“强调满足感” 5.sated 核心词性 形容词(adj.,高中难考)：吃饱的；满足的（侧重指因获得足够的某物而不 再有欲望或需求) 常用搭配：feel sated(感到满足)、sated with food(吃饱了) 例：After the big meal,.we all felt sated.(吃完这顿大餐后，我们都感到很 饱。) 词性转换 动词：sate(使饱足；使满足) 例：sate one's hunger(充饥) 高频搭配 副词：completely sated(完全满足的)、emotionally sated(情感上满足的) 易混辨析 sated vs satisfied:前者“生理饱足感强”，后者“广义满足” 6.habituation 核心词性 名词(.，高频核心)：习惯化；适应（指生物体对重复出现的刺激逐渐减少 反应的过程) 常用搭配：habituation to sth.(对某物的习惯化)、sensory habituation(感 官习惯化) 例：Habituation to noise can make it easier to sleep in a busy city.(对噪音 的习惯化能让人在繁忙的城市里更容易入睡。) 词性转换 动词：habituate(使习惯于)、形容词：habitual(习惯性的) 例：habituate oneself to a new environment(使自己习惯于新环境) 高频搭配 名词：process of habituation(习惯化过程)、lack of habituation(缺乏习惯 化) 易混辨析 habituation vs adaptation:前者“心理神经反应减弱”，后者“广义适应 调整” 7.predictably 核心词性 副词(adv,高中难考)：可预见地；不出所料地（指事情的发生符合预期或 规律) 常用搭配：occur predictably(可预见地发生)、predictably enough(果然如 此) 例：Predictably,he arrived late again.(不出所料，他又迟到了。) 词性转换 形容词：predictable(可预测的)、动词：predict(预测) 例：predictable outcome(可预测的结果) 高频搭配 副词：highly predictably(高度可预测地)、quite predictably(相当可预测 地) 易混辨析 predictably vs inevitably:前者“基于规律可预知”，后者“不可避免必 然发生” 8.reassuring 核心词性 形容词(adj,高频核心)：令人安心的；使人放心的（指消除担忧或恐惧的） 常用搭配：a reassuring smile(令人安心的微笑)、reassuring words(安慰的 话) 例：The doctor's words were reassuring..(医生的话令人安心。) 词性转换 动词：reassure(使安心)、名词：reassurance(安慰) 例：reassure sb.about sth.(使某人对某事安心) 高频搭配 副词：deeply reassuring(深感安心的)、mutually reassuring(相互安心的) 易混辨析 reassuring vs comforting:前者“消除疑虑”，后者“提供情感慰藉” 5 9.financially 核心词性 副词(adv.,高频核心)：财政上；经济上（与金钱、财务状况相关） 常用搭配：financially secure(经济上有保障的)、financially independent(经 济独立的) 例：She is now financially able to support herself.(她现在经济上能够自立 了。) 词性转换 形容词：financial(财政的)、名词：finance(金融) 例：financial crisis(金融危机) 高频搭配 副词：financially stable(经济稳定的)、financially difficult(经济困难的) 易混辨析 financially vs economically:前者“个人/组织财务”，后者“社会经济整 体” 10.stimulation 核心词性 名词(，高频核心)：刺激；激励；兴奋作用（可指生理或心理上的刺激） 常用搭配：mental stimulation(精神刺激)、sensory stimulation(感官刺激) 例：Travel provides plenty of new stimulation.(旅行提供了大量新的刺激。) 词性转换 动词：stimulate(刺激)、形容词：stimulating(刺激的) 例：stimulate growth(刺激增长) 高频搭配 名词：intellectual stimulation(智力刺激)、lack of stimulation(缺乏刺激) 易混辨析 stimulation vs motivation:前者“外部刺激引发反应”，后者“内部动力 驱动行为” 答案与逐题解析 正确答案：35-39 ECAGF 1.35.E(We humans need many things to ensure our survival,like food,water and security.) 考点：上下文衔接+主旨句 语境逻辑：前文提出问题“What makes us happy?”,后文回答“the things that make us happy are those that satisfy our basic biological needs'”,可知此处需引出“基本生存需求”。 选项辨析：E选项直接点明“人类需要食物、水、安全等生存必需品”，与后文“basic biological needs”和“biologically significant”形成逻辑呼应，总领下文对生存需求的具体阐述。 2.36.C (The same goes for drinking and even for things like shelter and security.) 考点：举例论证+并列逻辑 语境逻辑：前文以“eating food”为例说明“满足基本需求带来快乐”，此处需延续举例逻辑。 选项辨析：C选项中“drinking”与前文“eating”构成并列，“shelter and security”进一步扩 6 展基本需求范畴，“The same goes for”体现与前文例证的一致性，符合“具体列举基本需求” 的语境。 3.37.A (In many cases,the same thing happens with money.) 考点：类比推理+过渡衔接 语境逻辑：前文以“eating too much causes discomfort'”说明“生物需求的满足存在上限”，后 文转向“金钱与快乐的关系”，需建立类比桥梁。 选项辨析：A选项中“the same thing”指代前文“需求满足存在上限”的规律，将食物的例子 类比到金钱，自然过渡到对“金钱带来快乐的上限”的讨论，符合上下文逻辑递进。 4.38.G (Instead,more psychological stimulation like travelling has a greater ability to make us happy.） 考点：对比关系+替代逻辑 语境逻辑：前文提出“habituation(习惯化)”现象，即“可预测的事物奖励感降低”，并举例 “固定工资不如意外收入快乐”，此处需说明“更有效的快乐来源”。 选项辨析：G选项中“Instead”表转折，引出“心理刺激（如旅行）比可预测的金钱更能带来 快乐”，与前文“习惯化降低奖励感”形成对比，符合“寻求非固定、心理层面刺激”的语境。 5.39.F (But beyond that,the relationship between money and happiness becomes more uncertain.) 考点：转折关系十结论总结 语境逻辑：前文指出“经济安全后，金钱的快乐效应显著降低”，此处需总结金钱与快乐关系的 变化。 选项辨析：F选项中“But”表转折，“beyond that”指代“financial security”,“more uncertain”概 括了金钱在满足生存需求后与快乐关系的复杂性，呼应首段“Scientifically speaking,the answer is mixed”的总观点，收束全段逻辑。