专题03 现在进行时表将来（期末复习讲义）高一英语上学期人教版

该高中英语期末复习讲义通过表格梳理近年高考考情，框架图呈现现在进行时表将来的核心用法，涵盖位移动词与非位移动词适用场景、时间状语作用，并用对比表格区分其与will/shall do、be going to do等将来时态的差异，清晰呈现重难点内在联系。 讲义亮点在于分层练习设计，从即时检测单选到重难突破语篇语法填空，结合“用瞬间性动词区分现在进行时表将来与表进行”等技巧，培养语言能力与思维品质。情境写作题如“动身去巴黎”实例，助基础生掌握表达，优秀生深化语境理解，教师可精准实施分层复习教学。

专题03 现在进行时表将来（期末复习讲义） 年份 卷别 考点 考情分析 2024 新高考Ⅰ卷 现在进行时表将来；语境中时态辨析 【考向透视】 分析近年高考真题可知，现在进行时表将来此考点在高考中呈现“一点多考、语境为纲”的特点。在语法填空中直接设题，题干常伴明确的将来时间状语（如 tomorrow, next week），但语境强调“既定安排”，要求填写现在分词构成进行时态。在完形填空和阅读理解中，通过时态选择或理解，考查对人物确定计划与临时意向的细微区分能力。在书面表达中，恰当使用此结构是体现语言地道性和语法丰富性的提分亮点。 从考查形式看，常将其与一般将来时、现在完成时等其他时态结合，放在具体语境（如情景对话、语篇、计划安排类表述等）中，考查考生对现在进行时表将来（强调动作的计划性、安排性，表即将发生）这一用法的辨别与运用能力。 【复习目标】 1.掌握现在进行时表将来的用法以及其他几种将来时态的表达形式。 2.区分现在进行时表将来和表进行的差异。 3.提高相关题型的解题效率与准确率。 2023 全国乙卷 现在进行时表将来；与一般将来时的区分 2022 全国甲卷 现在进行时表将来；语篇中的时态运用 2021 新高考Ⅰ卷 现在进行时表将来；情景对话中的时态 现在进行时表示将来 1. 现在进行时表示将来，主要用于表示按计划或安排将要发生的动作或事件。多用于表示位置转移的词,如come, go, arrive, leave, return, start, travel, take off(起飞), set off(出发), go off(离开)等, 常有“意图”“安排”“打算”的含义。注意：在使用现在进行时表示将来的句子中，除非上下文意思清楚，否则通常都需要有时间状语。 How many of you are coming to attend the lecture this weekend? 这个周末你们有多少人要来听讲座？(有表示将来时间的时间状语this weekend) I’m going because it’s getting late. 因为比较晚了，所以我要走了。(无时间状语，根据语境可推测为将来动作) 2. 现在进行时表示将来除使用位移动词外，也可使用某些非位移动词，如do, have, meet, play, work, buy, spend等，此时句中一般要有表示将来的时间状语。 What are you doing next Sunday? 下周日你打算做什么? The young man is meeting his girlfriend this afternoon. 这个年轻人今天下午要去见他的女朋友。 I am publishing a book this year. 我打算今年出一本书。 现在进行时表示将来与表示进行的区别 1. 表示将来时，通常用瞬间性动词。 My grandpa is arriving home soon,but I haven’t finished preparing the big dinner for him. 爷爷很快就到家了，但我还没完成给他准备的大餐。 2. 表示进行时，通常用延续性动词。 It is 7:00 p.m.now when my parents and I are having dinner at home. 现在是晚上7点，我和父母正在家里吃饭。 【即时检测】 一、单项选择 1．The singer ________ we are looking forward to ________ a concert in our city next month, which has been announced on her official social media. A．who; would hold B．whom; is holding C．that; holds D．which; is going to hold 2．Our teacher ______ us to the art gallery this Friday. The tickets have already been booked. A．takes B．took C．is taking D．will take 3．I can’t join you for the game tonight. My cousin ______ from the UK, and we’re going to have a family dinner. A．arrives B．is arriving C．arrived D．has arrived 4．He _________ London in two hours to meet with his manager. A．leaves for B．left to C．is leaving for D．is leaving to 其他几种将来时态的表达形式 01 will/shall do 表将来 will/shall do表示单纯的将来，是对未来事情发生的“预见”。will用于各种人称，而shall仅用于第一人称。 My son studying in a university of Beijing will be back this evening. 我的儿子在北京一所大学就读，他今晚将回来。 We will/shall know more and more as time goes by. 随着时间的推移，我们知道的东西会越来越多。 表示事先未经过考虑的打算、计划，是在说话时才想到或决定的事，即临时起意，这时通常用will。 —Where is the telephone book? —I’ll go and get it for you. ——电话号码簿在哪里? ——我去给你拿。 02 be going to do 表将来 be going to do表示将来，在口语中常用来表示已经决定或安排好要做某事，还可以表示说话者根据现在的迹象或征兆预测即将发生的事情。人作主语时，表示打算做某事，物作主语时，表示有迹象表明要发生某事。 After graduation,they are going to set up a business of their own. 毕业后，他们打算开办一家自己的公司。(打算) Look at the dark clouds! It is going to rain. 看这些乌云！要下雨了。(有迹象表明) 03 be to do表将来 be to do 表示按计划中约定的或按职责、义务、要求必须去做某事或即将发生某一动作，也可表示注定要发生某事。 You are to come back before 9 o’clock. 你必须在9点以前回来。(要求) The meeting is to take place next Monday. 会议定于下周一举行。(计划) 04 be about to do表将来 be about to do表示眼前的将来，不能和at ten、in an hour等具体的表示将来的时间状语连用，意为“就要做;正要做”。常用于“be about to do...when...”句型中，意为“正要做……，这时……”。 You’d better fasten your seat belt because the plane is about to take off. 你最好系好安全带，因为飞机马上要起飞了。 I was about to go to bed when the telephone rang. 我正要上床睡觉，这时电话铃响了。 05一般现在时表示将来 一般现在时可表示按时刻表、日程表的安排所发生的将来的动作，也可用于状语从句中表示将来。 The next plane leaves at 6 p.m.(时刻表) 下一班飞机下午6点起飞。 The evening class in our school begins at 7:00 p.m.(日程表) 我们学校晚上的课7点开始。 If it is fine tomorrow, we will go to the Great Wall.(主将从现) 如果明天天气好，我们就去长城。 【即时检测】 1.As soon as the old man 　　　　 (come) back, I will tell you right away.  2.Usually the new term in our country 　　　　 (start) on September 1st.  3.You are 　　　　 (check) out of the hotel in three days.  [变式训练] They 　　　　 (check) into the hotel as soon as they arrive in the city tomorrow.  4.Because the nearby shop 　　　　 (close) down, everything there is sold at half price.  5.—Hi, let’s go skating. —Sorry, I’m busy right now. I 　　　　 (fill) in an application form for a new job.  6.Many boys 　　　　 (talk) about the extra-curricular activity at the moment.  7.The telephone 　　　　 (ring). Would you like to answer it?  8.—Professor Li, we’d like to know your views on this scientific research. —Sure, I 　　　　 (get) to that shortly.  易｜错｜点｜拨 1. 一般现在时可表示按时刻表、日程表的安排所发生的将来的动作，也可用于状语从句中表示将来。 2. 表示事先未经过考虑的打算、计划，是在说话时才想到或决定的事，即临时起意，这时通常用will。 3. be going to do表示将来，在口语中常用来表示已经决定或安排好要做某事，还可以表示说话者根据现在的迹象或征兆预测即将发生的事情。现在进行时表示将来与表示进行的区别 解｜题｜技｜巧 一、现在进行时表将来和表进行的区别： 1. 表示将来时，通常用瞬间性动词。 My grandpa is arriving home soon,but I haven’t finished preparing the big dinner for him. 爷爷很快就到家了，但我还没完成给他准备的大餐。 2. 表示进行时，通常用延续性动词。 It is 7:00 p.m.now when my parents and I are having dinner at home. 现在是晚上7点，我和父母正在家里吃饭。 二、现在进行时表将来有哪些特点 1. 用现在进行时表将来通常含有“意图”“安排”“打算”等义。这种现在进行时比较生动，给人一种期待感，通常用于表最近或较近的将来，所用动词通常表示位置移动的动词。如： Annie is coming to supper this evening. 安妮今晚要来吃饭。 2. 表将来的现在进行时除用于转移动词外，有时也可用于某些非移动动词。如： Bob and Bill are meeting tonight. 鲍勃和比尔今晚要会面。 3. 用现在进行时表将来偶尔也可表示较远的将来。如： When I grow up, I’m joining the army. 我长大了要参军。 4. 现在进行时有时表示即将要发生的动作或情况。如：　　 I’m leaving. 我就走。　　　　 5. 表将来的现在进行时有时含有“决心”的意思，多用在否定结构中。如： I’m not going. 我不走了。 6. 用这种现在进行时与对方讲话时便成了命令，不过语气比较温和，如： You’re not driving my car again. 不许你再用我的汽车了。 三、一般现在时与现在进行时表示将来的区别  （一）共同点 两者均可与时间状语连用表示已确定的将来安排。如： I leave [am leaving] the day after tomorrow. 我预定后天走。 The children start [are starting] school on Monday. 孩子们星期一就要开学了。 （二）不同点 1. 从个人色彩来看 原则上说，一般现在时比现在进行时具有的个人色彩更少。比较： I’m leaving tonight.（可能指的是我决定要离开） I leave tonight.（可能指的是这是计划的一部分，但计划不一定是我订的） 2. 从是否正式来看 在通常情况下，一般现在时要比现在进行时听起来更为正式，比如计划开办一个新分店的百货商店很可能说： Our new branch opens next week. 本店新设分店下周开业。 但不说：Our new branch is opening next week. 3. 从是否简洁来看 有时，现在进行时显得累赘的地方就用一般现在时，例如在谈到像旅程安排那样的一系列预定的将来的动作时，可以这样说： We leave at six, arrive in Dublin at ten and take the plane on... 我们6点出发，10点到达都柏林，并在……乘飞机…… 而不说：We are leaving at six, arriving in Dublin at ten and taking the plane on... 四、现在进行时与一般现在时的区别  （一）区别一：现在进行时强调目前正在进行的动作，而一般现在时强调经常性或习惯性的动作。如： I’m reading a story now. 我在看一个故事。(目前正在干的事情) I read stories in my spare time. 我有空时看故事。(经常性的行为) （二）区别二：现在进行时强调现阶段一直在进行的动作，而一般现在时只表动作的重复，而不表示动作的持续。如： What are you doing these days? 这几天你在干什么？ They are learning English in the summer holiday. 他们暑假在学英语。 They read English every day. 他们每天读英语。 They play volleyball every Sunday. 他们每周星期天都打排球。 （三）区别三：表示短促动作的动词(如 jump, knock, beat, pick, skip等)的进行时，表示动作的重复。如： The girls are jumping over there. 女孩子们在那边跳。 His heart is beating fast. 他的心脏跳得很快。 （四）区别四：某些表示希望或想法的动词(如hope, wonder, want等)的进行时可以表示委婉客气。如： I’m hoping that you will succeed. 我正在希望你成功呢 I’m wondering whether you can help us now. 我不知道你现在能否给我们帮一忙。 基础通关（测试时间：10分钟） 一、单项选择 1．I’m sure that with great effort, you ________ your challenges in this new semester. A．overcome B．overcame C．will overcome D．have overcome 2．—Oh, it’s 7:40. I’m going to be late for my class. I’m giving my students a very important test this morning. —Don’t worry. I ______ you to your school right away. A．drive B．am going to drive C．am driving D．will drive 3．With the development of science and technology, robot cooks ________ in most families in the future. A．appear B．appeared C．will appear D．have appeared 4．If it ______ tomorrow, we ______ the picnic. A．rains; will cancel B．will rain; cancel C．rains; cancel D．will rain; will cancel 5．I ______ meet him at 5:00 p.m. at the cafe. It’s all arranged. A．will B．am going to C．am to D．am about to 6．There ________ a football match in Dalian this evening. A．is going to be B．is going to have C．will have D．are going to be 7．Look at the clouds. It ________ rain. A．are going to B．is going to C．were going to D．be going to 8．The headmaster ________ us a report as soon as he gets to school. A．gives B．are going to give C．will give D．is giving 二、语法填空 9．Shh! The concert (begin). Please turn off your phone. (所给词的适当形式填空) 10．According to the official announcement, the new law (take) effect from next Monday. (所给词的适当形式填空) 11．Please turn on the TV. The movie is about to (start). (所给词的适当形式填空) 12．Your friend is about (go) on the spaceship, which is going to do the exploration of Jupiter or whatever. (所给词的适当形式填空) 13．She (face) a big challenge in the final round of the speech contest next week. (所给词的适当形式填空) 14．My family and I (spend) a week in Beijing in the coming winter holiday. (所给词的适当形式填空) 15．Look at the dark clouds! It (rain) heavily in a few minutes. (所给词的适当形式填空) 重难突破（测试时间：10分钟） 一、阅读理解 If you are planning on travelling,there are a few simple rules about how to make life easier both before and after your journey. First of all,always check and double-check departure (出发) time.It is surprising how few people really do this carefully.Once I arrived at the airport a few minutes after ten.My secretary had got the ticket for me and I thought she had said that the plane would leave at 10:50.Surprisingly,the person at the departure desk told me that my flight was closed.Therefore,I had to wait three hours for the next one and missed an important meeting. The second rule is to remember that even in this age of credit cards,it is still important to have some local money in cash (现金).Once I arrived at a place at midnight and the bank at the airport was closed.The only way to get to my hotel was by taxi but because I had no dollars,I offered to pay in pounds instead.“Listen! I only take real money!” the driver said angrily.You can imagine how terrible I felt at that moment. The third and the last rule is to find out as much as you can about the weather at your destination before you leave.I feel sorry for some of my workmates who travelled in heavy suits and raincoats in May,when it is still fairly cool in London or Manchester,to places like Athens,Rome or Madrid,where it is already beginning to get quite warm during the day. (　　)1.When did the author arrive at the airport probably? [A]At 9:55. [B]At 10:00. [C]At 10:05. [D]At 10:50. (　　)2.What did the author do when he found he had no dollars to pay the taxi driver? [A]He asked the driver to give him a free ride. [B]He offered to pay in pounds. [C]He gave the driver some fake (假的) money. [D]He tried to pay by credit card. (　　)3.Generally,what is the weather in London like in May? [A]Warm and dry. [B]Cold and dry. [C]Hot and wet. [D]Cool and rainy. (　　)4.What is the text mainly about? [A]How to make life easier. [B]How to be well prepared for a trip. [C]How to enjoy ourselves on a trip. [D]How to schedule our trip. 二、语法填空 In recent years, food has obviously become a new hot spot for Chinese cities to attract tourists. Many tourists 1.　　　　 (arrive) in Tianshui in a few days to taste the delicious malatang. Following Zibo and Harbin, Tianshui, 2.　　　　 ancient city in Northwest China’s Gansu Province, became one of the 3.　　　　 (hot) tourist destinations of 2024 because of malatang, a local street dish.  Malatang, literally meaning “numbing, spicy, and hot” in Chinese, is a common street food that can be found all over China, but its tastes differ depending 4.　　　　 the region. In Tianshui, malatang features a mix of fresh vegetables and meat 5.　　　　 (boil) in a hot, spicy chicken soup.  Tianshui went viral when a student 6.　　　　 (post) a seven-second video in February on her social media. In the video, she suggested 7.　　　　 (make) Gansu malatang a national dish.The video, 8.　　　　 quickly received millions of likes online,attracted food lovers to the city 9.　　　　 (experience) this local dish firsthand. Malatang also helps draw more visits to key 10.　　　　 (attraction) in Tianshui, such as Maijishan Grottoes and Fuxi Temple.  易混易错（测试时间：10分钟） 一、句子语法填空 1. Ladies and gentlemen,we 　　　　 (arrive) at Beijing Station.Please get ready to get off the train.  2. I 　　　　 (meet) you after class,because I have something important to tell you.  3. I 　　　　 (take) my child to swim later,so I can’t go with you.  4. Look at the timetable.Hurry up! Flight 2026 　　　　 (take) off at 19:30.  5. The party are going 　　　　 (win) the election.They already have most of the votes.  6. If you ask him,I’m sure he 　　　　 (give) you a ride to the airport.  7. My brother 　　　　 (leave) Shanghai in a few days.I wonder when the earliest plane　　　　 (take) off on Monday.  8. I was about 　　　　 (go) to bed when there was a heavy knock at the door.  9. When I grow up,I 　　　　 (join) the army.  10. —Do you know when he 　　　　 again?  —Sorry,I don’t know.But when he 　　　　,I’ll let you know.(come)  二、情境写作 1. She 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (动身去巴黎) in two days to attend a fashion show.  2. After work,they 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (打算打篮球) in the gym.  3. Happy to learn that you 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (要来北京工作),I’m writing to offer you some suggestions about how to adapt to the new environment.  4. We 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (将飞往广州) next month to participate in a trade fair.  5. Look at those dark clouds,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (马上要有) a heavy rain.  链接高考（测试时间：15分钟） 1.(2024·新高考全国Ⅱ卷) I’d love to,but I can’t.I 　　　　 (catch) the last train to Denver to see my grandma.I need to take her to visit a doctor tomorrow morning.  2.(2024·新高考全国Ⅱ卷) When I was about 　　　　 (give) up,Gunter fished out his little phone and rang up a friend.  3.(2024·北京卷) If you eat too much or do too much of anything,you 　　　　 (go) to suffer eventually.  4.(2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷) The next train 　　　　 (leave) at a quarter to ten at Platform 11.  5. (2023·全国乙卷) If we are 　　　　 (find) the other half of that conversation,we have to read not just the texts,but the objects.  6. (2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷) Heatherwick Studio recently built a greenhouse at the edge of the National Trust’s Woolbeding Gardens. This beautiful structure, named Glasshouse, is at the centre of a new garden that shows how the Silk Road influences English gardens even in modern times. The latest ____1____ (engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective ____2____ (function) structure that is also beautiful. The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made of glass and aluminium (铝). These sepals open on warm days ____3____ (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. In cold weather, the structure stays ____4____ (close) to protect the plants. Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse ____5____ (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for ____6____ first time. These plants included modern Western ____7____ (favourite) such as rosemary, lavender and fennel. The garden also contains a winding path that guides visitors through the twelve regions of the Silk Road. The path offers over 300 plant species for visitors to see, too. The Glasshouse stands ____8____ a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route ____9____ brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the _____10_____ (rich) of gardening in England. 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题03 现在进行时表将来（期末复习讲义） 年份 卷别 考点 考情分析 2024 新高考Ⅰ卷 现在进行时表将来；语境中时态辨析 【考向透视】 分析近年高考真题可知，现在进行时表将来此考点在高考中呈现“一点多考、语境为纲”的特点。在语法填空中直接设题，题干常伴明确的将来时间状语（如 tomorrow, next week），但语境强调“既定安排”，要求填写现在分词构成进行时态。在完形填空和阅读理解中，通过时态选择或理解，考查对人物确定计划与临时意向的细微区分能力。在书面表达中，恰当使用此结构是体现语言地道性和语法丰富性的提分亮点。 从考查形式看，常将其与一般将来时、现在完成时等其他时态结合，放在具体语境（如情景对话、语篇、计划安排类表述等）中，考查考生对现在进行时表将来（强调动作的计划性、安排性，表即将发生）这一用法的辨别与运用能力。 【复习目标】 1.掌握现在进行时表将来的用法以及其他几种将来时态的表达形式。 2.区分现在进行时表将来和表进行的差异。 3.提高相关题型的解题效率与准确率。 2023 全国乙卷 现在进行时表将来；与一般将来时的区分 2022 全国甲卷 现在进行时表将来；语篇中的时态运用 2021 新高考Ⅰ卷 现在进行时表将来；情景对话中的时态 现在进行时表示将来 1. 现在进行时表示将来，主要用于表示按计划或安排将要发生的动作或事件。多用于表示位置转移的词,如come, go, arrive, leave, return, start, travel, take off(起飞), set off(出发), go off(离开)等, 常有“意图”“安排”“打算”的含义。注意：在使用现在进行时表示将来的句子中，除非上下文意思清楚，否则通常都需要有时间状语。 How many of you are coming to attend the lecture this weekend? 这个周末你们有多少人要来听讲座？(有表示将来时间的时间状语this weekend) I’m going because it’s getting late. 因为比较晚了，所以我要走了。(无时间状语，根据语境可推测为将来动作) 2. 现在进行时表示将来除使用位移动词外，也可使用某些非位移动词，如do, have, meet, play, work, buy, spend等，此时句中一般要有表示将来的时间状语。 What are you doing next Sunday? 下周日你打算做什么? The young man is meeting his girlfriend this afternoon. 这个年轻人今天下午要去见他的女朋友。 I am publishing a book this year. 我打算今年出一本书。 现在进行时表示将来与表示进行的区别 1. 表示将来时，通常用瞬间性动词。 My grandpa is arriving home soon,but I haven’t finished preparing the big dinner for him. 爷爷很快就到家了，但我还没完成给他准备的大餐。 2. 表示进行时，通常用延续性动词。 It is 7:00 p.m.now when my parents and I are having dinner at home. 现在是晚上7点，我和父母正在家里吃饭。 【即时检测】 一、单项选择 1．The singer ________ we are looking forward to ________ a concert in our city next month, which has been announced on her official social media. A．who; would hold B．whom; is holding C．that; holds D．which; is going to hold 1．B 【详解】考查定语从句和时态。句意：我们期待的那位歌手下个月将在我们市举办演唱会，这一消息已经在她的官方社交媒体上公布了。第一空：设空处引导定语从句，先行词是The singer（人），定语从句为“we are looking forward to”，空格处需填关系代词作look forward to的宾语，所以为关系代词whom/that引导；第二空：句中时间状语“next month(下个月)”表将来，但“hold a concert(举办音乐会)”是计划好的动作，可用现在进行时（is holding）表将来。故选B项。 2．Our teacher ______ us to the art gallery this Friday. The tickets have already been booked. A．takes B．took C．is taking D．will take 2．C 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我们老师这周五要带我们去美术馆，票已经订好了。根据“this Friday”以及“The tickets have already been booked.”的语境可知，此空应用现在进行时(is taking)表示“已计划好的将来动作”，符合语境。故选C。 3．I can’t join you for the game tonight. My cousin ______ from the UK, and we’re going to have a family dinner. A．arrives B．is arriving C．arrived D．has arrived 3．B 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我今晚不能和你一起玩了。我表弟要从英国来，我们要吃家庭晚餐。时间状语“tonight”表将来，结合句意，此处表示“计划、安排好即将发生的动作”，可用现在进行时表将来，主语“My cousin”为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词为“is arriving”，此处意为“将要到达”，符合“今晚的安排”这一语境。故选B项。 4．He _________ London in two hours to meet with his manager. A．leaves for B．left to C．is leaving for D．is leaving to 4．C 【详解】考查动词短语和时态。句意：他两小时后要去伦敦见他的经理。in+一段时间表示将来，leave for表示“动身去某地”，leave的进行时可以表示将来，所以这里用is leaving for。故选C。 其他几种将来时态的表达形式 01 will/shall do 表将来 will/shall do表示单纯的将来，是对未来事情发生的“预见”。will用于各种人称，而shall仅用于第一人称。 My son studying in a university of Beijing will be back this evening. 我的儿子在北京一所大学就读，他今晚将回来。 We will/shall know more and more as time goes by. 随着时间的推移，我们知道的东西会越来越多。 表示事先未经过考虑的打算、计划，是在说话时才想到或决定的事，即临时起意，这时通常用will。 —Where is the telephone book? —I’ll go and get it for you. ——电话号码簿在哪里? ——我去给你拿。 02 be going to do 表将来 be going to do表示将来，在口语中常用来表示已经决定或安排好要做某事，还可以表示说话者根据现在的迹象或征兆预测即将发生的事情。人作主语时，表示打算做某事，物作主语时，表示有迹象表明要发生某事。 After graduation,they are going to set up a business of their own. 毕业后，他们打算开办一家自己的公司。(打算) Look at the dark clouds! It is going to rain. 看这些乌云！要下雨了。(有迹象表明) 03 be to do表将来 be to do 表示按计划中约定的或按职责、义务、要求必须去做某事或即将发生某一动作，也可表示注定要发生某事。 You are to come back before 9 o’clock. 你必须在9点以前回来。(要求) The meeting is to take place next Monday. 会议定于下周一举行。(计划) 04 be about to do表将来 be about to do表示眼前的将来，不能和at ten、in an hour等具体的表示将来的时间状语连用，意为“就要做;正要做”。常用于“be about to do...when...”句型中，意为“正要做……，这时……”。 You’d better fasten your seat belt because the plane is about to take off. 你最好系好安全带，因为飞机马上要起飞了。 I was about to go to bed when the telephone rang. 我正要上床睡觉，这时电话铃响了。 05一般现在时表示将来 一般现在时可表示按时刻表、日程表的安排所发生的将来的动作，也可用于状语从句中表示将来。 The next plane leaves at 6 p.m.(时刻表) 下一班飞机下午6点起飞。 The evening class in our school begins at 7:00 p.m.(日程表) 我们学校晚上的课7点开始。 If it is fine tomorrow, we will go to the Great Wall.(主将从现) 如果明天天气好，我们就去长城。 【即时检测】 1.As soon as the old man 　　　　 (come) back, I will tell you right away.  2.Usually the new term in our country 　　　　 (start) on September 1st.  3.You are 　　　　 (check) out of the hotel in three days.  [变式训练] They 　　　　 (check) into the hotel as soon as they arrive in the city tomorrow.  4.Because the nearby shop 　　　　 (close) down, everything there is sold at half price.  5.—Hi, let’s go skating. —Sorry, I’m busy right now. I 　　　　 (fill) in an application form for a new job.  6.Many boys 　　　　 (talk) about the extra-curricular activity at the moment.  7.The telephone 　　　　 (ring). Would you like to answer it?  8.—Professor Li, we’d like to know your views on this scientific research. —Sure, I 　　　　 (get) to that shortly.  【答案】 1.comes　2.starts　3.to check　[变式训练] will check　4.is closing　5.am filling　6.are talking　7.is ringing　8.am getting 易｜错｜点｜拨 1. 一般现在时可表示按时刻表、日程表的安排所发生的将来的动作，也可用于状语从句中表示将来。 2. 表示事先未经过考虑的打算、计划，是在说话时才想到或决定的事，即临时起意，这时通常用will。 3. be going to do表示将来，在口语中常用来表示已经决定或安排好要做某事，还可以表示说话者根据现在的迹象或征兆预测即将发生的事情。现在进行时表示将来与表示进行的区别 解｜题｜技｜巧 一、现在进行时表将来和表进行的区别： 1. 表示将来时，通常用瞬间性动词。 My grandpa is arriving home soon,but I haven’t finished preparing the big dinner for him. 爷爷很快就到家了，但我还没完成给他准备的大餐。 2. 表示进行时，通常用延续性动词。 It is 7:00 p.m.now when my parents and I are having dinner at home. 现在是晚上7点，我和父母正在家里吃饭。 二、现在进行时表将来有哪些特点 1. 用现在进行时表将来通常含有“意图”“安排”“打算”等义。这种现在进行时比较生动，给人一种期待感，通常用于表最近或较近的将来，所用动词通常表示位置移动的动词。如： Annie is coming to supper this evening. 安妮今晚要来吃饭。 2. 表将来的现在进行时除用于转移动词外，有时也可用于某些非移动动词。如： Bob and Bill are meeting tonight. 鲍勃和比尔今晚要会面。 3. 用现在进行时表将来偶尔也可表示较远的将来。如： When I grow up, I’m joining the army. 我长大了要参军。 4. 现在进行时有时表示即将要发生的动作或情况。如：　　 I’m leaving. 我就走。　　　　 5. 表将来的现在进行时有时含有“决心”的意思，多用在否定结构中。如： I’m not going. 我不走了。 6. 用这种现在进行时与对方讲话时便成了命令，不过语气比较温和，如： You’re not driving my car again. 不许你再用我的汽车了。 三、一般现在时与现在进行时表示将来的区别  （一）共同点 两者均可与时间状语连用表示已确定的将来安排。如： I leave [am leaving] the day after tomorrow. 我预定后天走。 The children start [are starting] school on Monday. 孩子们星期一就要开学了。 （二）不同点 1. 从个人色彩来看 原则上说，一般现在时比现在进行时具有的个人色彩更少。比较： I’m leaving tonight.（可能指的是我决定要离开） I leave tonight.（可能指的是这是计划的一部分，但计划不一定是我订的） 2. 从是否正式来看 在通常情况下，一般现在时要比现在进行时听起来更为正式，比如计划开办一个新分店的百货商店很可能说： Our new branch opens next week. 本店新设分店下周开业。 但不说：Our new branch is opening next week. 3. 从是否简洁来看 有时，现在进行时显得累赘的地方就用一般现在时，例如在谈到像旅程安排那样的一系列预定的将来的动作时，可以这样说： We leave at six, arrive in Dublin at ten and take the plane on... 我们6点出发，10点到达都柏林，并在……乘飞机…… 而不说：We are leaving at six, arriving in Dublin at ten and taking the plane on... 四、现在进行时与一般现在时的区别  （一）区别一：现在进行时强调目前正在进行的动作，而一般现在时强调经常性或习惯性的动作。如： I’m reading a story now. 我在看一个故事。(目前正在干的事情) I read stories in my spare time. 我有空时看故事。(经常性的行为) （二）区别二：现在进行时强调现阶段一直在进行的动作，而一般现在时只表动作的重复，而不表示动作的持续。如： What are you doing these days? 这几天你在干什么？ They are learning English in the summer holiday. 他们暑假在学英语。 They read English every day. 他们每天读英语。 They play volleyball every Sunday. 他们每周星期天都打排球。 （三）区别三：表示短促动作的动词(如 jump, knock, beat, pick, skip等)的进行时，表示动作的重复。如： The girls are jumping over there. 女孩子们在那边跳。 His heart is beating fast. 他的心脏跳得很快。 （四）区别四：某些表示希望或想法的动词(如hope, wonder, want等)的进行时可以表示委婉客气。如： I’m hoping that you will succeed. 我正在希望你成功呢 I’m wondering whether you can help us now. 我不知道你现在能否给我们帮一忙。 基础通关（测试时间：10分钟） 一、单项选择 1．I’m sure that with great effort, you ________ your challenges in this new semester. A．overcome B．overcame C．will overcome D．have overcome 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我相信通过努力，你将在新学期克服你的挑战。A. overcome克服（一般现在时）；B. overcame克服了（一般过去时）；C. will overcome将会克服（一般将来时）；D. have overcome已经克服（现在完成时）。主句“I’m sure…”为一般现在时，从句时态由从句语境和时间状语决定，“in this new semester”指新学期，暗示将来，因此，从句需一般将来时“will overcome”。故选C项。 2．—Oh, it’s 7:40. I’m going to be late for my class. I’m giving my students a very important test this morning. —Don’t worry. I ______ you to your school right away. A．drive B．am going to drive C．am driving D．will drive 【答案】D 【详解】考查时态。句意：——噢，7:40了。我上课要迟到了。今天早上我要给我的学生一个非常重要的考试。——不要担心。我马上开车送你去学校。be going to表示将来时，通常用来表达事先计划好的意图或根据迹象判断将要发生的事情，但在这个对话中，说话人是听到对方要迟到的情况后，临时决定开车送对方，并非事先计划好的，所以该选项不合适；现在进行时表将来，一般用于表示按计划或安排即将发生的动作，且通常与位移相关的动词连用（如 go, come, leave, drive 等），但此处同样不是提前安排好的动作，而是临时的决定，因此该选项也不正确；will表将来时，主要用于表达临时做出的决定、意愿、承诺或对未来的预测。在这个对话中，说话人是在对方表示要迟到后，临时决定开车送对方去学校，属于即时的意愿和承诺，符合will的用法，因此该选项是正确的。故选D。 3．With the development of science and technology, robot cooks ________ in most families in the future. A．appear B．appeared C．will appear D．have appeared 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：随着科技的发展，未来机器人厨师将出现在大多数家庭中。根据“in the future（在未来）”可知，句子描述的是将来发生的事情，应用一般将来时，结构为“will + 动词原形”。故选C。 4．If it ______ tomorrow, we ______ the picnic. A．rains; will cancel B．will rain; cancel C．rains; cancel D．will rain; will cancel 【答案】A 【详解】考查时态。句意：如果明天下雨，我们就取消野餐。“if”引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时表将来，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，故选A。 5．I ______ meet him at 5:00 p.m. at the cafe. It’s all arranged. A．will B．am going to C．am to D．am about to 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词时态表将来的用法。句意：我下午5点要在咖啡馆见他，一切都安排好了。四个选项都可以表将来，区别在于：will侧重对将来的预测，不强调计划性，时间可远可近；be about to do强调动作马上就要发生（通常在几秒或几分钟之内），一般不与时间状语连用；根据“It’s all arranged”可知，此处表示“正式安排、计划好的动作”，“be to do”专门用于表示“正式安排、计划好的动作”，且语气比“be going to do”更强调“已确定的安排”，符合语境，故选C项。 6．There ________ a football match in Dalian this evening. A．is going to be B．is going to have C．will have D．are going to be 【答案】A 【详解】考查时态。句意：今晚在大连将有一场足球比赛。there be句型的一般将来时的结构为there is/are going to be或there will be。a football match为单数，故谓语动词用单数。故选A。 7．Look at the clouds. It ________ rain. A．are going to B．is going to C．were going to D．be going to 【答案】B 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：看那些云。天要下雨了。由Look at the clouds可知，用be going to do表示有预兆的将来，主语it是单数，因此空格处是is going to。故选B。 8．The headmaster ________ us a report as soon as he gets to school. A．gives B．are going to give C．will give D．is giving 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：校长一到学校就会给我们做报告。A. gives给(一般现在时)；B. are going to give将给(一般将来时)；C. will give 将给(一般将来时)；D. is giving正在给(现在进行时)。由时间状语从句“as soon as he gets to school(他一到学校)”中gets用了一般现在时及“主将从现”原则可知，主句动作是将要发生的，需用一般将来时，且主语“The headmaster”为第三人称单数，B项be动词形式错误。故选C项。 二、语法填空 9．Shh! The concert (begin). Please turn off your phone. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】is about to begin 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：嘘！音乐会就要开始了。请关掉你的手机。根据“Shh!”的语境提示，音乐会是“马上开始”，用“be about to do”结构表近期即将发生的动作，主语“The concert”是第三人称单数，be动词用is，“begin”用原形。故填is about to begin。 10．According to the official announcement, the new law (take) effect from next Monday. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】is to take 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：根据官方公告，新法律将于下周一生效。法律的生效是官方公告的、具有强制性的未来事件，使用be to do结构可以很好地表达这种按计划、按规定要发生的事情。故填is to take。 11．Please turn on the TV. The movie is about to (start). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】start 【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：请打开电视。电影即将开始。“be about to do sth.”是固定短语，意为“即将做某事”，用动词原形start构成一般将来时态。故填start。 12．Your friend is about (go) on the spaceship, which is going to do the exploration of Jupiter or whatever. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to go 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你的朋友即将登上宇宙飞船，这艘飞船将去探索木星或其他什么（星球）。be about to do sth是用于一般将来时的固定结构，意为“即将做某事”，表示近期内即将发生的动作，所以此处需用动词不定式to go。故填to go。 13．She (face) a big challenge in the final round of the speech contest next week. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】will face/is to face 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：下周在演讲比赛的决赛中，她将面临一场巨大的挑战。句中时间状语“next week (下周)”明确表示动作发生在将来，因此应用一般将来时。可用一般将来时最常见的结构“will + 动词原形”，来直接表示未来将要发生的动作。也可用“be to + 动词原形”，表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作。故填will face/is to face。 14．My family and I (spend) a week in Beijing in the coming winter holiday. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】are spending/are going to spend 【详解】考查时态。句意：在即将到来的寒假里，我和我的家人将在北京度过一周。由该句时间状语in the coming winter holiday 可知，该句应为将来时，此处表示计划安排好要做的事，动词spend可用现在进行时表示将来，或用be going to do结构表示“打算要做某事”，主语My family and I为复数，谓语动词应用复数形式。故填are spending/are going to spend。 15．Look at the dark clouds! It (rain) heavily in a few minutes. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】is going to rain 【详解】考查一般将来时。句意：看那些乌云！几分钟后就要下大雨了。根据“the dark clouds”以及句意可知，乌云表明即将下雨，用一般将来时，表示“有迹象表明将要发生某事”用“be going to + 动词原形”的结构，主语为it，be动词用is。故填is going to rain。 重难突破（测试时间：10分钟） 一、阅读理解 If you are planning on travelling,there are a few simple rules about how to make life easier both before and after your journey. First of all,always check and double-check departure (出发) time.It is surprising how few people really do this carefully.Once I arrived at the airport a few minutes after ten.My secretary had got the ticket for me and I thought she had said that the plane would leave at 10:50.Surprisingly,the person at the departure desk told me that my flight was closed.Therefore,I had to wait three hours for the next one and missed an important meeting. The second rule is to remember that even in this age of credit cards,it is still important to have some local money in cash (现金).Once I arrived at a place at midnight and the bank at the airport was closed.The only way to get to my hotel was by taxi but because I had no dollars,I offered to pay in pounds instead.“Listen! I only take real money!” the driver said angrily.You can imagine how terrible I felt at that moment. The third and the last rule is to find out as much as you can about the weather at your destination before you leave.I feel sorry for some of my workmates who travelled in heavy suits and raincoats in May,when it is still fairly cool in London or Manchester,to places like Athens,Rome or Madrid,where it is already beginning to get quite warm during the day. 【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章介绍了可以使旅行前后的生活更轻松的建议。 (　　)1.When did the author arrive at the airport probably? [A]At 9:55. [B]At 10:00. [C]At 10:05. [D]At 10:50. 【答案】 C 【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Once I arrived at the airport a few minutes after ten.”可推测,作者是在十点零几分到达机场。故选C。 (　　)2.What did the author do when he found he had no dollars to pay the taxi driver? [A]He asked the driver to give him a free ride. [B]He offered to pay in pounds. [C]He gave the driver some fake (假的) money. [D]He tried to pay by credit card. 【答案】 B 【解析】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“The only way to get to my hotel was by taxi but because I had no dollars,I offered to pay in pounds instead.”可知,作者没有美元现金,主动提出用英镑给出租车司机结账。故选B。 (　　)3.Generally,what is the weather in London like in May? [A]Warm and dry. [B]Cold and dry. [C]Hot and wet. [D]Cool and rainy. 【答案】 D 【解析】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“I feel sorry for some of my workmates who travelled in heavy suits and raincoats in May,when it is still fairly cool in London or Manchester,to places like...”可知,伦敦人在5月还穿着厚衣服,带着雨衣,因此伦敦在5月份时天气应该是凉爽且时有阴雨。故选D。 (　　)4.What is the text mainly about? [A]How to make life easier. [B]How to be well prepared for a trip. [C]How to enjoy ourselves on a trip. [D]How to schedule our trip. 【答案】 B 【解析】 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“If you are planning on travelling,there are a few simple rules about how to make life easier both before and after your journey.”及下面具体的建议可知,本文主要介绍了如何在计划旅行时,做好充分的准备工作,以使旅途生活更为惬意舒适,不会频频出差错。故选B。 二、语法填空 In recent years, food has obviously become a new hot spot for Chinese cities to attract tourists. Many tourists 1.　　　　 (arrive) in Tianshui in a few days to taste the delicious malatang. Following Zibo and Harbin, Tianshui, 2.　　　　 ancient city in Northwest China’s Gansu Province, became one of the 3.　　　　 (hot) tourist destinations of 2024 because of malatang, a local street dish.  Malatang, literally meaning “numbing, spicy, and hot” in Chinese, is a common street food that can be found all over China, but its tastes differ depending 4.　　　　 the region. In Tianshui, malatang features a mix of fresh vegetables and meat 5.　　　　 (boil) in a hot, spicy chicken soup.  Tianshui went viral when a student 6.　　　　 (post) a seven-second video in February on her social media. In the video, she suggested 7.　　　　 (make) Gansu malatang a national dish.The video, 8.　　　　 quickly received millions of likes online,attracted food lovers to the city 9.　　　　 (experience) this local dish firsthand. Malatang also helps draw more visits to key 10.　　　　 (attraction) in Tianshui, such as Maijishan Grottoes and Fuxi Temple.  【语篇导读】 本文是新闻报道。文章主要讲的是中国甘肃省天水市因为一道名为“麻辣烫”的街头小吃而成为热门的旅游目的地的事。 1.【答案】 are arriving 【解析】 考查动词的时态。根据in a few days可知是将来时态,这里用现在进行时表示将来计划、安排好的动作。故填are arriving。 2.【答案】 an 【解析】 考查冠词。city是可数名词的单数形式,此处表泛指,前面要加不定冠词,ancient以元音音素开头,不定冠词用an,故填an。 3.【答案】 hottest 【解析】 考查形容词最高级。根据句意和空前的one of the可知,设空处用最高级形式,故填hottest。 4.【答案】 on 【解析】 考查介词。depend on是固定短语,意为“取决于”,因此设空处用介词on,故填on。 5.【答案】 boiled 【解析】 考查非谓语动词。句中谓语是features,设空处用非谓语动词,fresh vegetables and meat和boil之间是动宾关系,应用过去分词表被动,故填boiled。 6.【答案】 posted 【解析】 考查动词的时态。由in February可知,句子时态是一般过去时,设空处用动词的过去式,故填posted。 7.【答案】 making 【解析】 考查动名词。suggest doing sth是固定短语,意为“建议做某事”,因此设空处用动名词作宾语,故填making。 8.【答案】 which 【解析】 考查定语从句。设空处引导的是非限制性定语从句,从句中缺少主语,先行词The video是物,因此用关系代词which引导定语从句,故填which。 9.【答案】 to experience 【解析】 考查动词不定式。根据语境可知,此处表示“为了体验这道当地美食”,设空处用动词不定式表目的,故填to experience。 10.【答案】 attractions 【解析】 考查名词复数。attraction意为“景点”,是可数名词,根据such as Maijishan Grottoes and Fuxi Temple 可知,设空处应用复数,故填attractions。 易混易错（测试时间：10分钟） 一、句子语法填空 1. Ladies and gentlemen,we 　　　　 (arrive) at Beijing Station.Please get ready to get off the train.  2. I 　　　　 (meet) you after class,because I have something important to tell you.  3. I 　　　　 (take) my child to swim later,so I can’t go with you.  4. Look at the timetable.Hurry up! Flight 2026 　　　　 (take) off at 19:30.  5. The party are going 　　　　 (win) the election.They already have most of the votes.  6. If you ask him,I’m sure he 　　　　 (give) you a ride to the airport.  7. My brother 　　　　 (leave) Shanghai in a few days.I wonder when the earliest plane　　　　 (take) off on Monday.  8. I was about 　　　　 (go) to bed when there was a heavy knock at the door.  9. When I grow up,I 　　　　 (join) the army.  10. —Do you know when he 　　　　 again?  —Sorry,I don’t know.But when he 　　　　,I’ll let you know.(come)  【答案】 1.are arriving　2.am meeting　3.am taking 4.takes　5.to win　6.will give　7.is leaving;takes　8.to go　9.am joining　10.will come;comes 二、情境写作 1. She 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (动身去巴黎) in two days to attend a fashion show.  2. After work,they 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (打算打篮球) in the gym.  3. Happy to learn that you 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (要来北京工作),I’m writing to offer you some suggestions about how to adapt to the new environment.  4. We 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (将飞往广州) next month to participate in a trade fair.  5. Look at those dark clouds,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (马上要有) a heavy rain.  【答案】 1.is leaving for Paris　2.are going to play basketball　3.are coming to Beijing to work　4.are flying to Guangzhou　5.there’s going to be 链接高考（测试时间：15分钟） 1.(2024·新高考全国Ⅱ卷) I’d love to,but I can’t.I 　　　　 (catch) the last train to Denver to see my grandma.I need to take her to visit a doctor tomorrow morning.  【答案】 am catching 【解析】 考查动词的时态。此处用现在进行时表将来,强调按计划或安排即将发生的动作,“我”要赶去丹佛看望奶奶,这是计划好的行程,所以填am catching。 2.(2024·新高考全国Ⅱ卷) When I was about 　　　　 (give) up,Gunter fished out his little phone and rang up a friend.  【答案】 to give 【解析】 考查动词的时态。“be about to do sth”是固定搭配,意为“即将做某事;正要做某事”,所以这里填to give。 3.(2024·北京卷) If you eat too much or do too much of anything,you 　　　　 (go) to suffer eventually.  【答案】 are going 【解析】 考查动词的时态。“be going to do sth”可表示将来,这里说你如果吃得太多或过度地做任何事,最终你将会受苦,符合be going to表将来的用法,主语是you,所以填are going。 4.(2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷) The next train 　　　　 (leave) at a quarter to ten at Platform 11.  【答案】 leaves 【解析】 考查动词的时态。一般现在时可表将来,常用于按时刻表、日程表的安排所发生的动作,火车按时刻表发车，所以填leaves。 5. (2023·全国乙卷) If we are 　　　　 (find) the other half of that conversation,we have to read not just the texts,but the objects.  【答案】 to find 【解析】 考查动词的时态。“be to do sth”有多种含义,在这里可表示“想要做某事;打算做某事”,所以填to find。 6. (2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷) Heatherwick Studio recently built a greenhouse at the edge of the National Trust’s Woolbeding Gardens. This beautiful structure, named Glasshouse, is at the centre of a new garden that shows how the Silk Road influences English gardens even in modern times. The latest ____1____ (engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective ____2____ (function) structure that is also beautiful. The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made of glass and aluminium (铝). These sepals open on warm days ____3____ (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. In cold weather, the structure stays ____4____ (close) to protect the plants. Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse ____5____ (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for ____6____ first time. These plants included modern Western ____7____ (favourite) such as rosemary, lavender and fennel. The garden also contains a winding path that guides visitors through the twelve regions of the Silk Road. The path offers over 300 plant species for visitors to see, too. The Glasshouse stands ____8____ a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route ____9____ brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the _____10_____ (rich) of gardening in England. 【答案】1. engineering 2. functional 3. to give 4. closed 5. walks 6. the 7. favorites 8. as 9. which/that 10. richness 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $