题型07 阅读理解之说明文15篇（重庆专用）（中考典例+习题综合练习）-2026年中考英语总复习（重庆专用）

题型07 阅读理解之说明文15篇 (重庆专用) 【题型知识点细目表】 题号 难度 知识点 1 适中 饮料,说明文,中华文化 2 适中 科学技术,科普知识,说明文 3 适中 科学技术,说明文 4 适中 环境保护,说明文 5 适中 科学技术,说明文 6 较易 考古发现,说明文 7 适中 方法/策略,科普知识,说明文 8 适中 科学技术,说明文 9 适中 信息技术,说明文 10 适中 交通方式,说明文 11 适中 学习策略,游戏,说明文 12 适中 文化保护,说明文 13 适中 奇闻轶事,说明文 14 较易 食物,说明文 15 适中 商品,说明文 【中考真题】 Tea has long been a popular drink in China. Chinese people love different kinds of tea. Among them, black tea and white tea from Fujian, green tea from Zhejiang and Anhui, and dark tea from Yunnan are some of the favorites. In the Song Dynasty (960—1279), tea culture reached new heights. The beauty of the Song tea came alive through “dian cha”. Powdered (粉状的) tea was whisked (搅打) with water into soft “clouds”. White tea was often used to make the “clouds” as white as the moonlight. Tea artists used clean water to draw pictures on them with a teaspoon. The way of serving dian cha became a living art. It later influenced Japanese tea culture. Today, more young people are learning and passing it on. Yunnan’s dark tea, especially Pu’er, got famous because of the Ancient Tea Horse Road. And it won popularity around the world. In 1976, Frenchman Fred Kempler found a new kind of Pu’er from Yunnan in a Hong Kong shop. In the same year, he visited Yunnan, bought nearly two tons, and began to sell “Yunnan Tuocha” in Europe. Since 1986, Yunnan’s Pu’er tuocha has got many prizes at food expos (博览会) in France, America and other countries. Today you can see an old Australian lady holding a cup of tea of sun-dried Pu’er, though she still enjoys her English-style black tea with milk and sugar. Tea is a bridge of friendship among nations and peoples. Tea is enjoyed timelessly from ancient to modern times. Each cup of dian cha, white as the moonlight, turned tea into art, and art into eternity (永恒). Tea is also loved globally from the east to the west. Each cup of Pu’er, with the smell of sunshine, turns tea into friendship, and friendship into a shared future. 1．What kind of tea was often used for dian cha according to the passage? A．Black tea. B．Green tea. C．Dark tea. D．White tea. 2．When did Fred Kempler begin to sell “Yunnan Tuocha” in Europe? A．In 1986. B．In 1976. C．In 1279. D．In 960. 3．Which sentence uses “globally” with the same meaning as the underlined word? globally /'gləʊbəli/ adv. ①全球地②全面地③总体而言，整体地 A．Globally, our class did well in the English test. B．The Olympic Games bring people together globally. C．The story is globally interesting though some parts are slow. D．This math question needs you to consider the numbers globally. 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．More Than a Drink B．Tea Trade in China C．Art in a Tea Cup D．Journey of Yunnan Tea “Wow! Look at that! Isn’t it a real fish?” The bionic (仿生) fish, named “Jinlin”, was swimming lively like a real one. It was developed by researchers at Shanghai Ocean University. This invention isn’t just for fun—it shows how humans copy nature to solve problems. That is a science called bionics. Over millions of years, animals and plants have developed smart ways to survive. For example, kingfishers are experts at moving fast between air and water with very little noise. Through their study, scientists discovered that the birds’ long beaks (喙) enabled this ability. Then they used the knowledge to change the front of the high-speed train. This change cut down noise level, increased speed by 10% and greatly saved energy. This combination (结合) of biology and engineering is the key to success in bionics. And it has set the stage for the rise of other new technologies. Driven by robotics and AI, bionics has grown rapidly. The AI-powered bionic fish “Jinlin” can be used for environmental protection and deep sea exploration. In medicine, bionic arms can work similarly to real arms. Sensors allow the user to “feel” touch and pressure. Motors help the bionic arms make movements, like human muscles (肌肉). With AI, the bionic arms are able to “learn” new tasks and become smarter over time. These inventions are examples to show how bionics bridges biology and new technologies to solve humans’ problems. Although so much progress has been made, bionics faces challenges. Nature’s designs are hard to copy perfectly. As for bionic arms, one key area of development is Brain-Computer Interface (脑机接口). More work on direct communication between the brain and bionic arms is required to control movements as naturally as real arms. Researchers are also working on creating new materials and structures which can sense and repair themselves. While there’s still a long way to go, the future of bionics is full of possibilities. Stay hungry. Stay foolish. Maybe you’ll be the next one to change the world! 1．Why does the writer mention “Jinlin” at the beginning of the passage? A．To suggest some new ideas. B．To lead into the topic of bionics. C．To explain the habits of fish. D．To show the importance of bionics. 2．What can we learn from Paragraph 3? A．Robotics and AI have developed fast because of bionics. B．The bionic fish “Jinlin” is used for medical purposes. C．Motors allow the bionic arms to make movements. D．Sensors help bionic arms learn new tasks over time. 3．According to Paragraph 4, how would scientists make bionic arms more like real ones? ① By connecting motors with smart phones. ② By developing new materials and structures. ③ By improving Brain-Computer Interface. ④ By changing the shape and look of bionic arms. A．①② B．②③ C．①④ D．③④ 4．Which of the following shows the use of bionics? A．Drawing a picture of birds by watching real birds. B．Building a house with natural materials like wood. C．Designing a camera by copying some insects’ eyes. D．Learning to dance by studying monkeys’ movements. ①More than 100,000 people cheered at the breathtaking moment when 3,000 drones flew over Chaotianmen on the Chinese New Year Eve. The 15-minute drone show had 300 million views online. ②In fact, drones are easy to operate. People send orders to the control system. Rotors push against the air to make the drone rise or stay in the air. By changing the angle (角度) and the speed of different rotors, the drone flies in all directions. ③Drones can complete difficult and special tasks in a timely and effective way. ④After an earthquake, drones can fly over blocked roads to find people or record any possible danger. Reaching the mountain village by road may take several hours, but drones provide information in just a few minutes. ⑤For weak wildlife populations, drones can show where poachers are hiding and if they are carrying guns. At night, drones with infrared (红外线的) cameras can easily find them in the dark. ⑥Drones also provide convenience for the public. For example, at a sports event, drones are used to give a view from above or help coaches see how their players are doing. ⑦In a word, drones have been widely used in emergency (紧急情况), environmental protection, farming, transportation and others, with more fields on the way. ⑧As drones are cheaper, more practical and less dangerous than planes or helicopters, drone flight activities have become the important driving force for the growth of low-altitude economy (低空经济). Besides well-known leaders like DJI, more pioneering companies have appeared. At the end of last year, there were nearly 1.27 million registered (注册的) drones across the country. The drone industry is believed to be full of chances and possibilities. 1．What’s the purpose in writing Paragraph 1? A．To provide the background. B．To lead into the subject. C．To compare differences. D．To introduce a festival. 2．What does the underlined word “poachers” in Paragraph 5 mean? A．非法捕猎者 B．动物保护者 C．无人机驾驶员 D．野生动物管理员 3．Which of the following shows the structure of this passage? A． B． C． D． 4．What will the writer probably discuss after the last paragraph? A．The history of the drone industry. B．The advantages of drones. C．The future of the drone industry. D．The standards of drones. ①The world’s highest ski place, Chacaltaya, was closed after the 18,000-year-old glacier melted (冰川融化) in 2009. Many scientists agree that the glaciers around the world could disappear in this century, much faster than we thought. ②As we all know, the reason for this is global (全球的) warming. When certain gas such as carbon dioxide (CO₂) is largely emitted (排放) into the atmosphere, it causes the greenhouse effect (效应) which makes Earth warmer. ③As Earth becomes warmer, glaciers melt quickly, and dark rocks are uncovered. Then these rocks take in more heat, causing the temperature to rise. As a result, the remaining snow on glaciers melts faster. ④The effects of global warming will be far-reaching and often devastating (毁灭性的). While the melting of glaciers may flood (淹没) some areas of Earth, in other places, it is making water disappear. An increasing number of heat waves and droughts (干旱) worldwide will also change the face of the world in the future. ⑤Global warming is a real problem, and one largely caused by human activity. Solving the problem is not easy, and there is no single magic way. However, we can begin it by lowering the amount of CO₂ in our daily lives. ⑥Peter Miller, along with his wife, took part in a scientific test to see how much CO₂ they could cut down in a month. The average (平均) U.S. household produces about 80 kilos of CO₂, which was more than twice the European average and almost five times the global average. Their final goal was to make less CO₂ than most American families. ⑦First, they found out how much CO₂ they were producing. Then they asked an expert for advice on how to reduce CO₂ emissions. According to the expert’s advice, they made some changes to their house, replaced their lights, and changed some of their living habits. At the same time, they either biked, walked, or used public transportation. A month later, they saved 70% on electricity, 40% on gas, and drove half as much as others. Their daily CO₂ emissions were less than the U.S. average, at 32 kilos. ⑧Protecting our planet starts small: change a light, open a window, walk or bike. With a little effort, and not much money, most of us can make a difference. 1．Why was the ski place, Chacaltaya, closed in 2009? A．Because the ski place was too old. B．Because few tourists came to this place. C．Because the ski place was too high to reach. D．Because the 18,000-year-old glacier melted. 2．How does the writer show that Peter succeeded in the scientific test? A．By listing numbers. B．By asking questions. C．By giving explanations. D．By giving suggestions. 3．Which of the following can match the information in the passage? A． B． C． D． 4．Which of the following shows the structure of this passage? A． B． C． D． 【热点话题练习】 Do you have any idea how flexible (灵活的) elephant trunks and octopus tentacles (章鱼触手) are? Can you imagine a robot that is like both of them? A group of scientists from a Chinese university has made a really smart spiral (螺旋形) soft robot arm. This arm is almost as good as the human hand when it comes to picking up different things. Some videos showing how it works have been put out. In these videos you can see the tentacle-like robot arm do amazing things. It can easily pick up fragile things like glass, eggs, and strawberries without breaking them. It can also catch a fast-moving tennis ball quickly and hit a ping-pong ball accurately. The scientists, led by Nikolaos Freris from the University of Science and Technology of China, used a method called reverse engineering (逆向工程). They copied the flexible structures that look like spirals in nature. The robot system, called SpiRobs, which was made by learning from nature, can do very skillful movements to pick things up, such as reeling in, stretching out, winding around and grabbing things. According to a study published in the magazine Device, it has a success rate of nearly 95 percent. The spiral gripper (抓手), which has a 15-degree conical angle, is moved by two or three cables. It can pick up much larger things and can carry things that are 260 times heavier than itself, the study says. Also, the team used 3D printing to make models of different sizes, from centimeters to meters. They used cheap materials like polyurethane, resin and paper. This makes it more likely that these robots can be sold in the future. In a test outside, a robot arm fixed on a drone (无人机) was able to skillfully grab and lift a water bucket. This shows that it might be useful in the low-altitude economy area in the future. 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By giving examples. B．By asking questions. C．By comparing differences. D．By listing numbers. 2．What can we infer from the passage? A．The robot arms are not suitable for picking up heavy things. B．The robot arms will be seen in many different fields in life. C．The robot arms will replace human hands completely in the future. D．The robot arms can do many movements like spirals in nature. 3．What’s the author’s attitude towards the spiral soft robot arm? A．Doubtful. B．Uncertain. C．Disappointed. D．Supportive. 4．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The future development of the drones. B．The use of 3D printing in making robot arms. C．The introduction of a smart spiral soft robot arm. D．The importance of reverse engineering in robotics. Sanxingdui flourished (繁荣) during the late Shang Dynasty and had a highly developed bronze culture. However, there is no written record of this civilization, so we once knew very little about it. For decades, experts have been trying hard to solve the mysteries behind Sanxingdui. One major mystery is the sudden disappearance of the Sanxingdui civilization. Hundreds of jade (玉), bronze, and ivory objects were ritually (仪式上地) broken or burned and buried. Then the civilization disappeared completely. Where did its people go? What happened to them? Around the same time, a similar civilization appeared in Jinsha, about 38 kilometres from Sanxingdui. Experts generally accept that the Jinsha civilization is a continuation of the Sanxingdui culture. However, the reason for the move remains a subject of discussion. War? Floods? After the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake, Fan Niannian, a scientist studying rivers at Sichuan University suggested that the actual cause might have been a major earthquake. He explained, “The earthquake may not have destroyed Sanxingdui directly. Instead, it could have caused a landslide (塌方) that changed the flow of the Minjiang River. This would have cut off the water supply. Without water, the Sanxingdui people had no choice but to move.” Professor Fan’s idea makes sense, but it still doesn’t explain why they broke and buried their treasures instead of taking them away. Was it part of a sacrificial (献祭的) ceremony? There is evidence suggesting that they did not do it in a hurry—it was deliberate. That’s what still remains so mysterious. 1．Which of the following is TRUE about Sanxingdui? A．It had no ritual activities. B．It was destroyed by war. C．It might have no written language. D．Its treasures might all be taken away. 2．What event probably led to the disappearance of Sanxingdui according to Fan? A．A long period without rain. B．Attacks from other groups. C．A sudden and deadly disease. D．A landslide changing a river’s flow. 3．Which of the following can best replace the underlined word “deliberate” in the last paragraph? A．Moved secretly. B．Causing no harm. C．Done carefully. D．Causing no surprise. 4．Why does Professor Fan’s theory still leave a mystery? A．It overstates the earthquake’s power. B．It doesn’t explain why they moved to Jinsha. C．It ignores the evidence of a sudden attack. D．It fails to deal with the ritual destruction. Do you think you’re a good listener? Most people would say yes. But studies show that most people seriously overestimate (高估) their ability to listen. The truth is, we are generally not good at listening, and our listening comprehension (理解力) drops as we grow old. Why aren’t we good at listening? One reason is that we think at a certain speed. The adult brain can process up to around 400 words per minute. This means a person thinks more than three times faster than he speaks during a conversation. Therefore, we can easily think about something else while someone is talking to us. Thinking about how you will reply while someone is still talking is one of the most common barriers (障碍) that stop you from careful listening. Another reason that leads to our poor listening is our ever-decreasing (持续减少) attention span (持续时间). According to the study by Microsoft, in 2000, the average (平均) human attention span was 12 seconds. In 2013, it was only 8 seconds: Our mobile phones often distract us, which can have a bad influence on our listening. Test results have shown that being stopped by a smartphone lower listening ability by 20 percent. More and more people now realize that listening is a skill that can be developed through practice. For example, learning to watch a speaker’s body language and feelings carefully can improve our active listening. Even the simple act of note-taking or making eye contact (接触)can help us stay focused while listening. ▲ When you listen well, you learn better and remember more, which can help you in school and with your friends. It also builds trust and makes others feel respected, encouraging them to share ideas and feelings more openly—just like how workers feel more valued when their bosses listen to them. Good listeners often become better leaders and teammates because they understand people deeply. Most importantly, listening connects us to one another. As Dr. Ralph Nichols once said, “The most basic of all human needs is the need to understand and be understood. The best way to understand people is to listen to them.” 1．According to the passage, why does the brain’s speed stop us from listening carefully? A．It causes people to speak too quickly. B．It reduces the ability to remember details. C．It stops connecting feelings with the speaker. D．It allows the mind to pay attention to other thoughts. 2．What does the underlined word “distract” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Change one’s mind. B．Develop one’s interest. C．Take one’s attention away. D．Influence one’s health. 3．Which of the following can be put ▲ ? A．How can we improve our communication skills? B．Listening is much harder than it seems. C．There are many advantages (好处) of listening. D．Being a good listener requires practice. 4．What is the main purpose (目的) of the passage? A．To prove listening skills are unchangeable. B．To describe the influence of phones on people. C．To give reasons for poor listening and ways to solve it. D．To compare listening abilities among different ages. ①A medical breakthrough in China is giving new hope to people with spinal cord injuries (脊髓损伤). Scientists have created a brain-spinal chip (芯片) that allows paralyzed (瘫痪的) patients to move their legs, and even walk again. ②The chip, only 1 mm wide, is designed to be fitted into the brain and spinal cord. If the natural communication between the brain and muscles is lost, this chip becomes the bridge. When the chips work, they create a direct connection between the brain and muscles. ③The results have been amazing. A 34-year-old man, paralyzed after a fall, could move his legs just one day after the operation on January 8, 2025. Two weeks later, he walked five meters with help. Three other patients had similar operations in February and March, all getting better within weeks. Even though the patients’ nervous systems were damaged (神经系统受损), the chips helped them walk again. This marks a big step in China’s progress in medical science. What’s more, it brings hope for over 3.7 million people in China. ④Behind this achievement is a long journey of careful research and bold thinking. ▲ They tested it on animals first, and then on people. They faced many challenges, yet they never gave up. Step by step, they developed a system to reconnect the mind and body in ways once appearing only in science fiction. ⑤“This is just the beginning,” Jia, the lead researcher, says. “With the technology, paralyzed patients may one day leave wheelchairs behind after 3 to 5 years of training. ” ⑥As the chip continues to improve, it lights a new path forward—one built on science, shaped by care, and aimed toward a brighter future. 1．How do the chips help paralyzed patients move? A．By letting the brain connect to the muscles again. B．By giving patients stronger muscles. C．By fixing the spinal cord. D．By taking the place of the damaged nervous systems. 2．Which sentence uses “bold” the same way as the underlined word in Paragraph 4? bold /bəʊld/ adj. A．All the titles are in bold type. B．She is a great woman who dares to make bold decisions. C．She wore a bold red dress that caught everyone’s attention. D．Please write your name in bold so it is easy to read. 3．Which sentence can be put in the ▲ . A．Many patients believe they can live a normal life in the near future. B．The idea of the chips is widely welcomed by doctors. C．It took the researchers over 10 years to develop the chip. D．But many researchers doubted the safety of the chips. 4．Which of the following shows the best structure of this passage? A． B． C． D． ①Blockchain is a new technology, which can help in many different fields, like education and money matters. For middle school students, understanding this technology helps keep up with the digital (数字的) age’s development. ②What makes blockchain stand out is its decentralized (分散的) nature. Unlike traditional systems controlled by a single organization, blockchain data is shared among many users. Everyone holds the same copy of information, which makes it nearly impossible to change or lose data. Blockchain works like a digital notebook. It writes down every time people use Bitcoin-everyone can see these records, and they never go away. This makes it almost impossible to cheat. ③In schools, some teachers use blockchain to keep students’ study records. For example, your test scores, homework feedback, and even graduation certificates can be stored here. When you want to show these to a new school or a job, you can share them quickly, saving time and avoiding unnecessary troubles. And no one can make take ones—this technology keeps them safe. Additionally, teachers can track learning progress more efficiently through the organized data, making it easier to provide personalized guidance. ④Banks like using blockchain too. It helps them send money between countries faster, and it costs less. ⑤However, blockchain also faces some serious problems. Blockchain is not easy to popularize. Building its system costs a lot of money, which many small businesses or poor areas can’t afford. Besides, users need to learn new professional words and skills, making it hard for ordinary people to use. ⑥Also, Blockchain’s anonymous feature (匿名的特点) brings risks. Bad guys may use digital money for illegal things like money laundering (洗钱), as transactions are hard to track. ⑦Moreover, making Bitcoin uses a lot of electricity, mostly from coal and other fossil fuels. This wastes energy and releases harmful gases, damaging the environment. ⑧Despite these challenges, experts believe blockchain will continue to change our lives. As technology develops, its applications will expand further, bringing more convenience and security. For young people, learning about blockchain today prepares them to welcome the digital future with incidence. 1．What does the bold underlined word “fake” probably mean? A．true B．untrue C．interesting D．boring 2．What can we infer from paragraph two? A．Blockchain is controlled by a single organization. B．It’s safe to store information in blockchain. C．It is nearly impossible to change or lose data in blockchain. D．Blockchain will take the place of the other technologies. 3．What is the best title of the passage? A．Blockchain Benefits the World B．How Blockchain Works C．Get to Know Blockchain D．Blockchain and Bitcoin 4．Which of the following can best show the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． ①Look! On the street! Not a common bike or a scooter (滑板车), it’s an e-bike with solar panels (太阳能板)! It’s also called a “solar e-bike”. Last month, it started being used in Chengdu’s green bike-sharing system, helping users travel around the city without worrying about running out of power. This is a new step for eco-friendly (环保的) short-distance transport. ②Solar e-bikes look almost like regular e-bikes, but they have a small solar panel on the front or the back. This panel can collect sunlight and turn it into electricity to charge the bike’s battery. Unlike traditional e-bikes that need to be plugged into a power socket (插座) to recharge, solar e-bikes get power from the sun for free. ③Solar e-bikes are easy to use. They have two riding modes: you can ride them like a normal bike (using your own strength) or turn on the electric mode to let the motor help you. Even on cloudy days, the solar panel can still collect weak sunlight—though it charges slower than on sunny days. The battery can also store extra electricity, so you can use it at night or when there’s no sun. ④Solar e-bikes bring many benefits to daily life. ⑤First, they save money. You don’t need to pay for electricity to charge them, and the cost of maintaining (维护) them is lower than regular e-bikes. Second, they help reduce air pollution. Since they use solar power instead of petrol (汽油) or grid electricity (电网电力) from coal-fired plants (火电厂), they produce almost no emissions. ⑥Another big advantage is that they’re good for long trips. A fully charged solar e-bike can go up to 60 kilometers—much farther than most regular bike-sharing bike. This makes them a great choice for people who need to travel from home to work (or school) and back, which usually takes 10-20 kilometers one way. ⑦Solar e-bikes have already been tested in a few Chinese cities like Qingdao and Xiamen. Many users say they love the “never-run-out-of-power” feeling. Bike-sharing companies plan to add more solar e-bikes next year, and some schools are even thinking about using them for students’ short-distance trips. 1．According to the first paragraph, what is the main goal of the new solar e-bike? A．To take the place of all common bikes. B．To be a test in Chengdu’s bike-sharing system. C．To give people a green way to travel around the city without worrying about running out of power. D．To show new uses of solar technology in transportation. 2．What is the main difference between solar e-bikes and traditional e-bikes? A．Solar e-bikes have two riding modes, but traditional ones don’t. B．Solar e-bikes need petrol to run, but traditional ones use electricity. C．Solar e-bikes get power from the sun, but traditional ones need plugging in. D．Solar e-bikes can go 60 kilometers, but traditional ones can’t go that far. 3．Which of the following shows the structure of this passage? A．①/②③/④⑤⑥/⑦ B．①②/③④/⑤⑥/⑦ C．①/②③④/⑤⑥/⑦ D．①②③/④/⑤⑥⑦ 4．What will the writer probably talk about after the last paragraph? A．The problems of solar e-bikes (like slow charging on rainy days). B．The history of bike-sharing systems in China. C．How to make regular e-bikes more eco-friendly. D．The number of solar e-bikes used in the Paris Olympics. How can you combine (结合) games with English learning? The answer is a game app! Its players must correctly guess a five-letter word with just six tries. You either win by guessing it or lose because you run out of tries. The game has been popular with millions of players across the world. Every midnight, the game app refreshes (更新) its word of the day. For example, the answer for November 3rd is ALOUD, and the answer for November 4th is OTHER. As you guess, the game gives you hints (提示). For example, if a letter is correct and in the right place, it turns green. If the letter is not in the word, it turns gray. If the letter is part of the word but in the wrong place, it turns yellow. These hints make the game into a puzzle. You need knowledge to win this game, not just luck. Every syllable (音节) in an English word includes at least one vowel (元音), so finding vowels is a useful method. For example, in the word “think”, there is only one syllable and there is one vowel “i”. Several days ago, I played this game and found it very interesting. First, I guessed the word “table”. Only “a” was green. Then, I guessed “maker” and the “r” turned yellow. In the end, I guessed “carry” and I was correct! The game app is not only a perfect game to have fun, but also an excellent tool to increase your English vocabulary. Why not have a try in your spare time? 1．Match the color hints with the situations and choose the right answer. a Green.     b. Gray.    c. Yellow. ①The letter is not in the word. ②The letter is correct and in the right place. ③The letter is part of the word but in the wrong place. A．①-a②-b③-c B．①-c②-b③-a C．①-c②-a③-b D．①-b②-a③-c 2．Which of the following words can’t describe the game app? A．Easy. B．Popular. C．Interesting. D．Useful. 3．Which of the following best shows the structure of the text? (P1=Paragraph1, ...) A．B． C． D． 4．What can we learn from the text? A．Users can’t play the game if they know little English. B．Every syllable in an English word includes only one vowel. C．There is only one correct word in the game app every day. D．The players can guess a six-letter word with five tries. Wang Tingrui’s story with digital fonts (电子字体) began with an old book. He scanned (扫描) each character (汉字), turned them into digital forms, and called the font “Kinghwa Old Songti.” His work shows the spirit of young people who try to save the old shapes of Chinese characters and share them with the world. To understand his effort, we need to look at the history of printing. In the Song Dynasty, people started to use movable type (活字印刷术). Centuries later, Gutenberg created metal movable type in Europe, and this idea came back to East Asia in the nineteenth century. From the late nineteenth century to the twentieth century, lead types (铅字块) flourished in East Asia. Two main styles, Songti and Heiti, became the most common. They were widely used in newspapers and textbooks. These fonts made reading clearer and became part of daily life. But with the rise of digital publishing, lead types soon disappeared. Many old ones were thrown away or changed into other things. ▲ Shops let visitors try printing with them, and companies made digital copies. However, many readers felt these copies were not the same as the real ones, because they lost the special marks of hand work. Today, other “font archaeologists (考古学家)” like Wang continue this work. They scan old books, save rare characters, and even use AI to rebuild missing ones. For them, fonts are not just tools for writing, but also cultural treasures that carry memories and value. Wang still adds new characters to his digital font. Every discovery keeps part of Chinese tradition alive. Every font saved is a memory kept, and a future protected. 1．Which shows the development of the fonts mentioned in the passage? A．Movable type→Metal movable type→Digital fonts. B．Metal movable type→Movable type→Digital fonts. C．Digital fonts→Movable type→Metal movable type. D．Movable type→Digital fonts→Metal movable type. 2．What drove Wang to create “Kinghwa Old Songti”? A．A task to produce new art styles. B．A wish to protect traditional culture. C．A plan to follow foreign printers. D．A need to make money from business. 3．Which of the following can be put in ▲ ? A．Some pieces were well kept. B．People no longer loved printing. C．The types were very useless. D．Digital fonts were easy to make. 4．Which sentence uses “flourish” the same way as the underlined word? flourish: ①挥动； ② (植物) 长势好；③繁荣；④夸张动作 A．Wild mushrooms flourish after rain, but don’t eat them. B．He flourished his new car proudly in the neighborhood. C．She opened the gift box with a flourish before her friends. D．Online short videos flourished fast among the young. ①Deep in the Amazon rainforest of Brazil, there lives one of the world’s most mysterious tribes (部落). Around 700 Piraha people speak their own language, Piraha. ②Piraha is an unusual language. It has no exact numbers. There are only three “quantity (数量) words” in it: hói, a “small size or amount”, hoí, a “kind of larger size or amount”, and baágiso, “a bunch (一堆)”. ③So how do the Piraha count? How do they ask for two of something instead of just one? ④Over the years, many researchers have tried to answer these questions. One of them is Caleb Everett, who traveled to the Piraha villages a few years ago to run a few simple experiments (实验). ⑤For one test, Everett put a row of batteries (电池) on a table. He then asked the Piraha to make a second row just like the first one. For another, Everett showed a row of batteries and then hid them from view. Again, he asked for a second row just like the first one. In both cases, no mistakes were made as long as there were no more than three batteries. More than that, the Piraha found it hard to make the second row. English speakers often find such tasks easy, unless there are too many batteries, or when the batteries are shown quickly and then hidden. The Piraha, however, didn’t appear to be counting at all. Well, without number words, how could they count? ⑥Everett concluded (得出结论) that the Piraha never needed numbers. In their culture, precise (精确的) counting is never valued. Some researchers tried to teach the Piraha number words, but there was little success. The Piraha were not interested at all. ⑦In our increasingly data-driven (数据驱动的) culture, living without numbers is unthinkable. But while we are busy recording our heart rate (心率) and measuring our daily food intake, the Piraha are also living a happy life. 1．The Piraha started to find it hard to make the second row of batteries when Caleb Everett ________. A．put two types of battery in the first row B．hid the first row after showing it for a while C．put more than three batteries in the first row D．showed the first row for only two seconds before hiding it 2．Paragraph 5 is developed mainly by ________. a. listing numbers    b. giving examples    c. making a comparison    d. explaining the process A．a,b B．a, c C．c, d D．b, d 3．What can we infer (推断) from the last paragraph? A．One can still live a happy life without focusing on data. B．It is not necessary for schools to teach kids how to count. C．It is wrong to pay too much attention to the data in our lives. D．The Piraha would lead a happier life if they knew how to count. 4．Which of the following mind maps shows the structure of this article? A． B． C． D． In Shanghai, a new ice-cream shop on Xiangyang Road has recently become famous for its new product: ice-creams made with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). There are many different tastes for the customers (顾客) to choose from. The staff there say they use ice-cream as the main part and add a small number of herbal ingredients (草本成分) to improve the taste. Since the TCM ice-creams started selling, they have got great popularity online. The hashtag (话题标签) about them on Sina Weibo has got over 50 million views and 10,000 comments. “My last bit of guilt about eating ice-creams has now gone away. I used to be worried that the icy and high-in-sugar food was bad for my health, but now I never worry about it any more. The herbal ingredients inside can keep me healthy,” a Weibo user said. However, some people doubt (怀疑) whether it is a good idea to mix ice-cream with traditional Chinese medicine. Ding Yu, a doctor in the Aerospace Center Hospital, said that some ingredients were not suitable for use with ice-cream. In fact, ice-creams are not the only food product to involve TCM ingredients. They have also been used in milk tea, coffee and bread. The rise of TCM in our modern diet suggests that young people in China are placing more importance on health and willing to try something creative. 1．How do the staff improve the taste of the ice-cream? A．By adding cookies. B．By adding sea salt. C．By adding fruit sugar. D．By adding herbal ingredients. 2．Which “guilt” below has the same meaning as the “guilt” in Paragraph 3? A．She tried her best to guilt me into lying to the policemen. B．Because of his guilt, he will be put into the prison (监狱). C．I always do something wrong because they guilt me into it. D．She had feelings of guilt about leaving her little kid alone at home. 3．Which is TRUE according to the passage? A．A new tea shop has recently become famous in Shanghai. B．The hashtag about TCM ice-creams on TikTok has got 5 million views. C．Ding Yu thought some herbal ingredients were not suitable for use with ice-cream. D．Herbal ingredients have been only used in ice-creams by now in China. 4．In which part of a newspaper can you probably read this passage? A．Food. B．Science. C．Sports. D．History. ①Blind boxes have become very popular as toys in China. The idea is simple: the buyers won’t know which toys they get until they open the boxes. It’s a bit like gambling (赌博), but everyone gets a toy, so no one ends up with nothing. ②Pop Mart is a well-known company (公司). It began as a small shop in Beijing’s Zhongguancun area, selling different kinds of products. Later, the company found toys were their most popular and best-selling products. ______. ③The idea for blind boxes was from gashapons (扭蛋机) in Japan, which sell blind toys in capsules (胶囊). Although the toys inside Pop Mart’s blind boxes cost only about 2 dollars, they sell for around 8 dollars each. This brings the company a lot of money. Pop Mart had around 6.3 billion yuan in revenue (收入) in the year of 2023, 1.7 billion yuan more compared with 2022. ④These toys easily become popular with young people because they’re fun and surprising. Some buyers have collected over 1,000 dolls, showing how much they enjoy them. Maybe they think the dolls represent their personalities, or they simply like sharing cute things with others. ⑤However, the blind box is as hard to stop as gambling. Some hard-to-find toys are already sold at higher prices in second-hand markets. Some countries have taken actions to stop or control blind box sales. ⑥To keep growing, Pop Mart needs to successfully keep creating their popular characters and sell more toys. We wish that Pop Mart can be a world-famous company like Disney one day. 1．Why is buying blind boxes like gambling? A．Because many buyers like it very much. B．Because buyers might get nothing. C．Because buyers don’t know what they’ll get. D．Because it is very expensive for buyers. 2．Which sentence can be put in the ______? A．So they thought selling toys might be the best idea. B．So they chose to sell the shop to get more blind boxes. C．But many other companies also sold blind boxes then. D．But they kept selling different products in their shop. 3．What was the revenue of Pop Mart in 2022? A．6.3 billion yuan. B．1.7 billion yuan. C．8 billion yuan. D．4.6 billion yuan. 4．Which of the following can best show the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 题型07 阅读理解之说明文15篇 (重庆专用) 【题型知识点细目表】 题号 难度 知识点 1 适中 饮料,说明文,中华文化 2 适中 科学技术,科普知识,说明文 3 适中 科学技术,说明文 4 适中 环境保护,说明文 5 适中 科学技术,说明文 6 较易 考古发现,说明文 7 适中 方法/策略,科普知识,说明文 8 适中 科学技术,说明文 9 适中 信息技术,说明文 10 适中 交通方式,说明文 11 适中 学习策略,游戏,说明文 12 适中 文化保护,说明文 13 适中 奇闻轶事,说明文 14 较易 食物,说明文 15 适中 商品,说明文 【中考真题】 Tea has long been a popular drink in China. Chinese people love different kinds of tea. Among them, black tea and white tea from Fujian, green tea from Zhejiang and Anhui, and dark tea from Yunnan are some of the favorites. In the Song Dynasty (960—1279), tea culture reached new heights. The beauty of the Song tea came alive through “dian cha”. Powdered (粉状的) tea was whisked (搅打) with water into soft “clouds”. White tea was often used to make the “clouds” as white as the moonlight. Tea artists used clean water to draw pictures on them with a teaspoon. The way of serving dian cha became a living art. It later influenced Japanese tea culture. Today, more young people are learning and passing it on. Yunnan’s dark tea, especially Pu’er, got famous because of the Ancient Tea Horse Road. And it won popularity around the world. In 1976, Frenchman Fred Kempler found a new kind of Pu’er from Yunnan in a Hong Kong shop. In the same year, he visited Yunnan, bought nearly two tons, and began to sell “Yunnan Tuocha” in Europe. Since 1986, Yunnan’s Pu’er tuocha has got many prizes at food expos (博览会) in France, America and other countries. Today you can see an old Australian lady holding a cup of tea of sun-dried Pu’er, though she still enjoys her English-style black tea with milk and sugar. Tea is a bridge of friendship among nations and peoples. Tea is enjoyed timelessly from ancient to modern times. Each cup of dian cha, white as the moonlight, turned tea into art, and art into eternity (永恒). Tea is also loved globally from the east to the west. Each cup of Pu’er, with the smell of sunshine, turns tea into friendship, and friendship into a shared future. 1．What kind of tea was often used for dian cha according to the passage? A．Black tea. B．Green tea. C．Dark tea. D．White tea. 2．When did Fred Kempler begin to sell “Yunnan Tuocha” in Europe? A．In 1986. B．In 1976. C．In 1279. D．In 960. 3．Which sentence uses “globally” with the same meaning as the underlined word? globally /'gləʊbəli/ adv. ①全球地②全面地③总体而言，整体地 A．Globally, our class did well in the English test. B．The Olympic Games bring people together globally. C．The story is globally interesting though some parts are slow. D．This math question needs you to consider the numbers globally. 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．More Than a Drink B．Tea Trade in China C．Art in a Tea Cup D．Journey of Yunnan Tea 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文涵盖茶的种类、点茶艺术（如“茶变艺术”）、普洱茶全球传播（如“友谊桥梁”），强调茶超越饮品本身的多重价值。 1．细节理解题。根据“White tea was often used to make the ‘clouds’ as white as the moonlight.”可知，白茶常被用于制作点茶的“云纹”。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“In 1976, Frenchman Fred Kempler found a new kind of Pu’er from Yunnan in a Hong Kong shop. In the same year, he visited Yunnan, bought nearly two tons, and began to sell ‘Yunnan Tuocha’ in Europe.”可知，欧洲销售“云南沱茶”的时间是在1976年。故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据“Tea is also loved globally from the east to the west.”可知，茶在全球范围内被喜爱，globally意为“全球地”，选项B“The Olympic Games bring people together globally”中的“globally”同样表示“全球地”。故选B。 4．最佳标题题。文章涵盖茶的种类、点茶艺术（如“茶变艺术”）、普洱茶全球传播（如“友谊桥梁”），强调茶超越饮品本身的多重价值。说明茶不仅仅是一种饮品。选项A“不仅仅是一种饮品”作为标题最为合适。故选A。 “Wow! Look at that! Isn’t it a real fish?” The bionic (仿生) fish, named “Jinlin”, was swimming lively like a real one. It was developed by researchers at Shanghai Ocean University. This invention isn’t just for fun—it shows how humans copy nature to solve problems. That is a science called bionics. Over millions of years, animals and plants have developed smart ways to survive. For example, kingfishers are experts at moving fast between air and water with very little noise. Through their study, scientists discovered that the birds’ long beaks (喙) enabled this ability. Then they used the knowledge to change the front of the high-speed train. This change cut down noise level, increased speed by 10% and greatly saved energy. This combination (结合) of biology and engineering is the key to success in bionics. And it has set the stage for the rise of other new technologies. Driven by robotics and AI, bionics has grown rapidly. The AI-powered bionic fish “Jinlin” can be used for environmental protection and deep sea exploration. In medicine, bionic arms can work similarly to real arms. Sensors allow the user to “feel” touch and pressure. Motors help the bionic arms make movements, like human muscles (肌肉). With AI, the bionic arms are able to “learn” new tasks and become smarter over time. These inventions are examples to show how bionics bridges biology and new technologies to solve humans’ problems. Although so much progress has been made, bionics faces challenges. Nature’s designs are hard to copy perfectly. As for bionic arms, one key area of development is Brain-Computer Interface (脑机接口). More work on direct communication between the brain and bionic arms is required to control movements as naturally as real arms. Researchers are also working on creating new materials and structures which can sense and repair themselves. While there’s still a long way to go, the future of bionics is full of possibilities. Stay hungry. Stay foolish. Maybe you’ll be the next one to change the world! 1．Why does the writer mention “Jinlin” at the beginning of the passage? A．To suggest some new ideas. B．To lead into the topic of bionics. C．To explain the habits of fish. D．To show the importance of bionics. 2．What can we learn from Paragraph 3? A．Robotics and AI have developed fast because of bionics. B．The bionic fish “Jinlin” is used for medical purposes. C．Motors allow the bionic arms to make movements. D．Sensors help bionic arms learn new tasks over time. 3．According to Paragraph 4, how would scientists make bionic arms more like real ones? ① By connecting motors with smart phones. ② By developing new materials and structures. ③ By improving Brain-Computer Interface. ④ By changing the shape and look of bionic arms. A．①② B．②③ C．①④ D．③④ 4．Which of the following shows the use of bionics? A．Drawing a picture of birds by watching real birds. B．Building a house with natural materials like wood. C．Designing a camera by copying some insects’ eyes. D．Learning to dance by studying monkeys’ movements. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文介绍了仿生学这一科学领域，通过模仿自然界的生物结构和功能来解决人类面临的问题。 1．推理判断题。根据“This invention isn’t just for fun—it shows how humans copy nature to solve problems. That is a science called bionics.”可知文章开头提到“Jinlin”是为了引出仿生学这一主题。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Motors help the bionic arms make movements”可知马达帮助仿生手臂进行运动。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“As for bionic arms, one key area of development is Brain-Computer Interface...Researchers are also working on creating new materials and structures which can sense and repair themselves.”可知科学家们通过开发新的材料和结构以及改进脑机接口来使仿生手臂更接近真实手臂。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据“it shows how humans copy nature to solve problems. That is a science called bionics.”可知仿生学是指人类通过模仿自然来解决问题，选项C“通过模仿昆虫的眼睛设计相机”是典型的仿生学应用。故选C。 ①More than 100,000 people cheered at the breathtaking moment when 3,000 drones flew over Chaotianmen on the Chinese New Year Eve. The 15-minute drone show had 300 million views online. ②In fact, drones are easy to operate. People send orders to the control system. Rotors push against the air to make the drone rise or stay in the air. By changing the angle (角度) and the speed of different rotors, the drone flies in all directions. ③Drones can complete difficult and special tasks in a timely and effective way. ④After an earthquake, drones can fly over blocked roads to find people or record any possible danger. Reaching the mountain village by road may take several hours, but drones provide information in just a few minutes. ⑤For weak wildlife populations, drones can show where poachers are hiding and if they are carrying guns. At night, drones with infrared (红外线的) cameras can easily find them in the dark. ⑥Drones also provide convenience for the public. For example, at a sports event, drones are used to give a view from above or help coaches see how their players are doing. ⑦In a word, drones have been widely used in emergency (紧急情况), environmental protection, farming, transportation and others, with more fields on the way. ⑧As drones are cheaper, more practical and less dangerous than planes or helicopters, drone flight activities have become the important driving force for the growth of low-altitude economy (低空经济). Besides well-known leaders like DJI, more pioneering companies have appeared. At the end of last year, there were nearly 1.27 million registered (注册的) drones across the country. The drone industry is believed to be full of chances and possibilities. 1．What’s the purpose in writing Paragraph 1? A．To provide the background. B．To lead into the subject. C．To compare differences. D．To introduce a festival. 2．What does the underlined word “poachers” in Paragraph 5 mean? A．非法捕猎者 B．动物保护者 C．无人机驾驶员 D．野生动物管理员 3．Which of the following shows the structure of this passage? A． B． C． D． 4．What will the writer probably discuss after the last paragraph? A．The history of the drone industry. B．The advantages of drones. C．The future of the drone industry. D．The standards of drones. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文介绍了无人机的应用以及未来的产业。 1．推理判断题。根据“More than 100,000 people cheered at the breathtaking moment when 3,000 drones flew over Chaotianmen on the Chinese New Year Eve.”可知本文通过超10万人观看无人机在新年飞行的时刻，引出对无人机的介绍。故选B。 2．词义推断题。根据“For weak wildlife populations, drones can show where poachers are hiding and if they are carrying guns.”可知携带枪支，猎杀野生动物的是非法捕猎者。故选A。 3．篇章结构题。第一段引出无人机话题，第二段介绍无人机的可操控性，第三段介绍无人机可以完成困难和特殊任务，第四段和第五段介绍了这样的任务，第六段介绍无人机可以提供公共便捷，与第三段并列，第七段是对无人机作用的总结，第八段介绍了无人机产业。因此D选项符合。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据“The drone industry is believed to be full of chances and possibilities.”可知最后一句介绍无人机未来是充满无限机会和可能的，所以之后作者会介绍无人机未来的产业。故选C。 ①The world’s highest ski place, Chacaltaya, was closed after the 18,000-year-old glacier melted (冰川融化) in 2009. Many scientists agree that the glaciers around the world could disappear in this century, much faster than we thought. ②As we all know, the reason for this is global (全球的) warming. When certain gas such as carbon dioxide (CO₂) is largely emitted (排放) into the atmosphere, it causes the greenhouse effect (效应) which makes Earth warmer. ③As Earth becomes warmer, glaciers melt quickly, and dark rocks are uncovered. Then these rocks take in more heat, causing the temperature to rise. As a result, the remaining snow on glaciers melts faster. ④The effects of global warming will be far-reaching and often devastating (毁灭性的). While the melting of glaciers may flood (淹没) some areas of Earth, in other places, it is making water disappear. An increasing number of heat waves and droughts (干旱) worldwide will also change the face of the world in the future. ⑤Global warming is a real problem, and one largely caused by human activity. Solving the problem is not easy, and there is no single magic way. However, we can begin it by lowering the amount of CO₂ in our daily lives. ⑥Peter Miller, along with his wife, took part in a scientific test to see how much CO₂ they could cut down in a month. The average (平均) U.S. household produces about 80 kilos of CO₂, which was more than twice the European average and almost five times the global average. Their final goal was to make less CO₂ than most American families. ⑦First, they found out how much CO₂ they were producing. Then they asked an expert for advice on how to reduce CO₂ emissions. According to the expert’s advice, they made some changes to their house, replaced their lights, and changed some of their living habits. At the same time, they either biked, walked, or used public transportation. A month later, they saved 70% on electricity, 40% on gas, and drove half as much as others. Their daily CO₂ emissions were less than the U.S. average, at 32 kilos. ⑧Protecting our planet starts small: change a light, open a window, walk or bike. With a little effort, and not much money, most of us can make a difference. 1．Why was the ski place, Chacaltaya, closed in 2009? A．Because the ski place was too old. B．Because few tourists came to this place. C．Because the ski place was too high to reach. D．Because the 18,000-year-old glacier melted. 2．How does the writer show that Peter succeeded in the scientific test? A．By listing numbers. B．By asking questions. C．By giving explanations. D．By giving suggestions. 3．Which of the following can match the information in the passage? A． B． C． D． 4．Which of the following shows the structure of this passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文主要介绍全球变暖的相关内容，呼吁人们环保生活。 1．细节理解题。根据“The world’s highest ski place, Chacaltaya, was closed after the 18,000-year-old glacier melted (冰川融化) in 2009.”可知，世界上海拔最高的滑雪场查卡尔塔亚(Chacaltaya)因为冰川于2009年融化后关闭。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“The average (平均) U.S. household produces about 80 kilos of CO₂, which was more than twice the European average and almost five times the global average. Their final goal was to make less CO₂ than most American families.”可知，作者通过列数字证明彼得在科学测试中成功了。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“As Earth becomes warmer, glaciers melt quickly, and dark rocks are uncovered. Then these rocks take in more heat, causing the temperature to rise. As a result, the remaining snow on glaciers melts faster.”可知，随着地球变暖，冰川迅速融化，深色岩石露出地面。然后这些岩石吸收更多的热量，导致温度上升。结果，冰川上剩余的雪融化得更快。故选B。 4．篇章结构题。分析文章内容可知，第一段介绍查卡尔塔亚滑雪场关闭这一事实；第二、三两段介绍原因；第四段介绍全球变暖的影响；第五段建议我们可以从减少日常生活中的二氧化碳排放量，第六、七两段介绍彼得·米勒和他的妻子的试验，来佐证减少二氧化碳排放量是有帮助的，第八段建议人们保护地球从小事做起。故选A。 【热点话题练习】 Do you have any idea how flexible (灵活的) elephant trunks and octopus tentacles (章鱼触手) are? Can you imagine a robot that is like both of them? A group of scientists from a Chinese university has made a really smart spiral (螺旋形) soft robot arm. This arm is almost as good as the human hand when it comes to picking up different things. Some videos showing how it works have been put out. In these videos you can see the tentacle-like robot arm do amazing things. It can easily pick up fragile things like glass, eggs, and strawberries without breaking them. It can also catch a fast-moving tennis ball quickly and hit a ping-pong ball accurately. The scientists, led by Nikolaos Freris from the University of Science and Technology of China, used a method called reverse engineering (逆向工程). They copied the flexible structures that look like spirals in nature. The robot system, called SpiRobs, which was made by learning from nature, can do very skillful movements to pick things up, such as reeling in, stretching out, winding around and grabbing things. According to a study published in the magazine Device, it has a success rate of nearly 95 percent. The spiral gripper (抓手), which has a 15-degree conical angle, is moved by two or three cables. It can pick up much larger things and can carry things that are 260 times heavier than itself, the study says. Also, the team used 3D printing to make models of different sizes, from centimeters to meters. They used cheap materials like polyurethane, resin and paper. This makes it more likely that these robots can be sold in the future. In a test outside, a robot arm fixed on a drone (无人机) was able to skillfully grab and lift a water bucket. This shows that it might be useful in the low-altitude economy area in the future. 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By giving examples. B．By asking questions. C．By comparing differences. D．By listing numbers. 2．What can we infer from the passage? A．The robot arms are not suitable for picking up heavy things. B．The robot arms will be seen in many different fields in life. C．The robot arms will replace human hands completely in the future. D．The robot arms can do many movements like spirals in nature. 3．What’s the author’s attitude towards the spiral soft robot arm? A．Doubtful. B．Uncertain. C．Disappointed. D．Supportive. 4．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The future development of the drones. B．The use of 3D printing in making robot arms. C．The introduction of a smart spiral soft robot arm. D．The importance of reverse engineering in robotics. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了一群来自中国大学的科学家制造出的一款智能螺旋软机械臂，包括其工作表现、制作方法、特点及未来应用前景等。 1．细节理解题。根据“Do you have any idea how flexible (灵活的) elephant trunks and octopus tentacles (章鱼触手) are? Can you imagine a robot that is like both of them?”可知，作者通过提问大象鼻子和章鱼触手有多灵活以及能否想象一个像它们一样的机器人来开启文章。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据“In a test outside, a robot arm fixed on a drone (无人机) was able to skillfully grab and lift a water bucket. This shows that it might be useful in the low-altitude economy area in the future.”可知，在一次户外测试中，固定在无人机上的机械臂能够熟练地抓取并提起一个水桶。这表明它未来可能在低空经济领域有用，结合前文提到的机械臂能完成各种精细动作、成功率高、能拿起重物等特点，可以推断出机械臂未来会在生活中许多不同领域出现。故选B。 3．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文中详细介绍了这款智能螺旋软机械臂的多种优点和强大功能，如能完成各种精细动作、成功率高、能拿起重物等，还提到其制作材料便宜未来可能投入市场，这些都表明作者对它是持支持态度的。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一款由中国科学家制造的智能螺旋软机械臂，包括其工作表现、制作方法、特点及未来应用前景等。故选C。 Sanxingdui flourished (繁荣) during the late Shang Dynasty and had a highly developed bronze culture. However, there is no written record of this civilization, so we once knew very little about it. For decades, experts have been trying hard to solve the mysteries behind Sanxingdui. One major mystery is the sudden disappearance of the Sanxingdui civilization. Hundreds of jade (玉), bronze, and ivory objects were ritually (仪式上地) broken or burned and buried. Then the civilization disappeared completely. Where did its people go? What happened to them? Around the same time, a similar civilization appeared in Jinsha, about 38 kilometres from Sanxingdui. Experts generally accept that the Jinsha civilization is a continuation of the Sanxingdui culture. However, the reason for the move remains a subject of discussion. War? Floods? After the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake, Fan Niannian, a scientist studying rivers at Sichuan University suggested that the actual cause might have been a major earthquake. He explained, “The earthquake may not have destroyed Sanxingdui directly. Instead, it could have caused a landslide (塌方) that changed the flow of the Minjiang River. This would have cut off the water supply. Without water, the Sanxingdui people had no choice but to move.” Professor Fan’s idea makes sense, but it still doesn’t explain why they broke and buried their treasures instead of taking them away. Was it part of a sacrificial (献祭的) ceremony? There is evidence suggesting that they did not do it in a hurry—it was deliberate. That’s what still remains so mysterious. 1．Which of the following is TRUE about Sanxingdui? A．It had no ritual activities. B．It was destroyed by war. C．It might have no written language. D．Its treasures might all be taken away. 2．What event probably led to the disappearance of Sanxingdui according to Fan? A．A long period without rain. B．Attacks from other groups. C．A sudden and deadly disease. D．A landslide changing a river’s flow. 3．Which of the following can best replace the underlined word “deliberate” in the last paragraph? A．Moved secretly. B．Causing no harm. C．Done carefully. D．Causing no surprise. 4．Why does Professor Fan’s theory still leave a mystery? A．It overstates the earthquake’s power. B．It doesn’t explain why they moved to Jinsha. C．It ignores the evidence of a sudden attack. D．It fails to deal with the ritual destruction. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了三星堆文明突然消失的可能原因，并指出其中的器物被仪式性埋藏的真正原因仍未解。 1．细节理解题。根据“However, there is no written record of this civilization, so we once knew very little about it.”可知，由于没有关于这个文明的书面记载，所以我们过去对它知之甚少。由此可知，三星堆文明可能没有留下文字。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“War? Floods? After the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake, Fan Niannian, a scientist studying rivers at Sichuan University suggested that the actual cause might have been a major earthquake. He explained...Without water, the Sanxingdui people had no choice but to move.”可知，范教授猜测地震可能并没有直接毁掉三星堆文明。但它可能造成了塌方，改变了岷江的流向，从而切断了供水。没有水，生活在那里的人们别无选择，只能选择迁徙。故选D。 3．词句猜测题。根据“There is evidence suggesting that they did not do it in a hurry—it was deliberate.”可知，有证据表明，他们破坏并埋葬宝物并不匆忙。因此此处deliberate意为“从容不迫的”。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“Professor Fan’s idea makes sense, but it still doesn’t explain why they broke and buried their treasures instead of taking them away.”可知，尽管范教授的理论有一定的道理，但这仍无法解释为什么曾经生活在三星堆遗址的人们要在离开之前毁掉并埋葬他们的宝物。故选D。 Do you think you’re a good listener? Most people would say yes. But studies show that most people seriously overestimate (高估) their ability to listen. The truth is, we are generally not good at listening, and our listening comprehension (理解力) drops as we grow old. Why aren’t we good at listening? One reason is that we think at a certain speed. The adult brain can process up to around 400 words per minute. This means a person thinks more than three times faster than he speaks during a conversation. Therefore, we can easily think about something else while someone is talking to us. Thinking about how you will reply while someone is still talking is one of the most common barriers (障碍) that stop you from careful listening. Another reason that leads to our poor listening is our ever-decreasing (持续减少) attention span (持续时间). According to the study by Microsoft, in 2000, the average (平均) human attention span was 12 seconds. In 2013, it was only 8 seconds: Our mobile phones often distract us, which can have a bad influence on our listening. Test results have shown that being stopped by a smartphone lower listening ability by 20 percent. More and more people now realize that listening is a skill that can be developed through practice. For example, learning to watch a speaker’s body language and feelings carefully can improve our active listening. Even the simple act of note-taking or making eye contact (接触)can help us stay focused while listening. ▲ When you listen well, you learn better and remember more, which can help you in school and with your friends. It also builds trust and makes others feel respected, encouraging them to share ideas and feelings more openly—just like how workers feel more valued when their bosses listen to them. Good listeners often become better leaders and teammates because they understand people deeply. Most importantly, listening connects us to one another. As Dr. Ralph Nichols once said, “The most basic of all human needs is the need to understand and be understood. The best way to understand people is to listen to them.” 1．According to the passage, why does the brain’s speed stop us from listening carefully? A．It causes people to speak too quickly. B．It reduces the ability to remember details. C．It stops connecting feelings with the speaker. D．It allows the mind to pay attention to other thoughts. 2．What does the underlined word “distract” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Change one’s mind. B．Develop one’s interest. C．Take one’s attention away. D．Influence one’s health. 3．Which of the following can be put ▲ ? A．How can we improve our communication skills? B．Listening is much harder than it seems. C．There are many advantages (好处) of listening. D．Being a good listener requires practice. 4．What is the main purpose (目的) of the passage? A．To prove listening skills are unchangeable. B．To describe the influence of phones on people. C．To give reasons for poor listening and ways to solve it. D．To compare listening abilities among different ages. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，探讨了大多数人高估自身倾听能力的原因，分析大脑处理速度与注意力持续时间对倾听的影响，并提出改善方法，最后强调倾听带来的多重益处。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The adult brain can process up to around 400 words per minute... Therefore, we can easily think about something else while someone is talking to us.”可知，大脑处理速度远超说话速度，导致思维容易游离至其他事物。选项D“允许大脑关注其他想法”准确对应这一机制，故选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据第三段中“Our mobile phones often distract us, which can have a bad influence on our listening. Test results have shown that being stopped by a smartphone lower listening ability by 20 percent.”可知，我们的手机经常会……我们，这会对我们的听力产生不良影响。测试结果表明，被智能手机打断会使听力能力降低20%。由此可推测，手机会分散我们的注意力，从而影响我们的听力。所以“distract”的意思是“转移某人的注意力”。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据下文“When you listen well, you learn better and remember more, which can help you in school and with your friends. It also builds trust and makes others feel respected, encouraging them to share ideas and feelings more openly...Most importantly, listening connects us to one another.”可知，当你倾听得好时，你会学得更好，记得更多，这可以在学校和与朋友相处时帮助你；它还能建立信任，让他人感到被尊重，鼓励他们更开放地分享想法和感受……最重要的是，倾听将我们彼此连接起来。由此可推测，此处是在介绍倾听的好处。选项C“倾听有很多好处。”符合语境。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段中“But studies show that most people seriously overestimate (高估) their ability to listen.”以及第二段中“Why aren’t we good at listening?”和第三段“Another reason that leads to our poor listening is our ever-decreasing (持续减少) attention span (持续时间).”可知，文章首先指出人们高估了自己的倾听能力，然后分析了不擅长倾听的原因，包括大脑处理速度与说话速度的差异、注意力持续时间的减少等。接着，文章提出了通过实践来提高倾听技能的方法，如观察说话者的肢体语言和情感、做笔记、保持眼神交流等。最后，文章强调了倾听的诸多好处。由此可知，文章的主要目的是给出倾听不好的原因以及解决方法。故选C。 ①A medical breakthrough in China is giving new hope to people with spinal cord injuries (脊髓损伤). Scientists have created a brain-spinal chip (芯片) that allows paralyzed (瘫痪的) patients to move their legs, and even walk again. ②The chip, only 1 mm wide, is designed to be fitted into the brain and spinal cord. If the natural communication between the brain and muscles is lost, this chip becomes the bridge. When the chips work, they create a direct connection between the brain and muscles. ③The results have been amazing. A 34-year-old man, paralyzed after a fall, could move his legs just one day after the operation on January 8, 2025. Two weeks later, he walked five meters with help. Three other patients had similar operations in February and March, all getting better within weeks. Even though the patients’ nervous systems were damaged (神经系统受损), the chips helped them walk again. This marks a big step in China’s progress in medical science. What’s more, it brings hope for over 3.7 million people in China. ④Behind this achievement is a long journey of careful research and bold thinking. ▲ They tested it on animals first, and then on people. They faced many challenges, yet they never gave up. Step by step, they developed a system to reconnect the mind and body in ways once appearing only in science fiction. ⑤“This is just the beginning,” Jia, the lead researcher, says. “With the technology, paralyzed patients may one day leave wheelchairs behind after 3 to 5 years of training. ” ⑥As the chip continues to improve, it lights a new path forward—one built on science, shaped by care, and aimed toward a brighter future. 1．How do the chips help paralyzed patients move? A．By letting the brain connect to the muscles again. B．By giving patients stronger muscles. C．By fixing the spinal cord. D．By taking the place of the damaged nervous systems. 2．Which sentence uses “bold” the same way as the underlined word in Paragraph 4? bold /bəʊld/ adj. A．All the titles are in bold type. B．She is a great woman who dares to make bold decisions. C．She wore a bold red dress that caught everyone’s attention. D．Please write your name in bold so it is easy to read. 3．Which sentence can be put in the ▲ . A．Many patients believe they can live a normal life in the near future. B．The idea of the chips is widely welcomed by doctors. C．It took the researchers over 10 years to develop the chip. D．But many researchers doubted the safety of the chips. 4．Which of the following shows the best structure of this passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文介绍了中国科学家研发的一种脑脊髓芯片如何帮助脊髓损伤患者恢复行走能力，标志着中国在医学科学领域的重大进步，并为数百万患者带来新希望。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“When the chips work, they create a direct connection between the brain and muscles.”可知，芯片的作用在于重新搭起大脑与肌肉之间的桥梁，让大脑能够再次控制肌肉运动。故选A。 2．词句猜测题。根据第四段“Behind this achievement is a long journey of careful research and bold thinking.”可知，在这一成就的背后，是一段漫长的仔细研究和大胆思考的历程；文中划线单词“bold”表示“大胆的，勇敢的”，形容词，在句中作定语，修饰名词“thinking”；选项B“她是一个敢于做出大胆决定的伟大女人。”中“bold”为形容词，作定语，修饰名词“decisions”，与文中划线词使用方式相同。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据“Behind this achievement is a long journey of careful research and bold thinking…They tested it on animals first, and then on people.”可知，前文提到“这是一个漫长的研究旅程”以及后文“他们先在动物身上做实验”，此处应补充“研究人员花了10多年的时间来开发这种芯片。”以衔接上下文。故选C。 4．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，文章先介绍芯片的成就和原理 (第一段至第二段)，第三段举例说明效果，第四段阐述背后的研究历程，最后展望未来 (第五段至第六段)，选项D结构图符合题意。故选D。 ①Blockchain is a new technology, which can help in many different fields, like education and money matters. For middle school students, understanding this technology helps keep up with the digital (数字的) age’s development. ②What makes blockchain stand out is its decentralized (分散的) nature. Unlike traditional systems controlled by a single organization, blockchain data is shared among many users. Everyone holds the same copy of information, which makes it nearly impossible to change or lose data. Blockchain works like a digital notebook. It writes down every time people use Bitcoin-everyone can see these records, and they never go away. This makes it almost impossible to cheat. ③In schools, some teachers use blockchain to keep students’ study records. For example, your test scores, homework feedback, and even graduation certificates can be stored here. When you want to show these to a new school or a job, you can share them quickly, saving time and avoiding unnecessary troubles. And no one can make take ones—this technology keeps them safe. Additionally, teachers can track learning progress more efficiently through the organized data, making it easier to provide personalized guidance. ④Banks like using blockchain too. It helps them send money between countries faster, and it costs less. ⑤However, blockchain also faces some serious problems. Blockchain is not easy to popularize. Building its system costs a lot of money, which many small businesses or poor areas can’t afford. Besides, users need to learn new professional words and skills, making it hard for ordinary people to use. ⑥Also, Blockchain’s anonymous feature (匿名的特点) brings risks. Bad guys may use digital money for illegal things like money laundering (洗钱), as transactions are hard to track. ⑦Moreover, making Bitcoin uses a lot of electricity, mostly from coal and other fossil fuels. This wastes energy and releases harmful gases, damaging the environment. ⑧Despite these challenges, experts believe blockchain will continue to change our lives. As technology develops, its applications will expand further, bringing more convenience and security. For young people, learning about blockchain today prepares them to welcome the digital future with incidence. 1．What does the bold underlined word “fake” probably mean? A．true B．untrue C．interesting D．boring 2．What can we infer from paragraph two? A．Blockchain is controlled by a single organization. B．It’s safe to store information in blockchain. C．It is nearly impossible to change or lose data in blockchain. D．Blockchain will take the place of the other technologies. 3．What is the best title of the passage? A．Blockchain Benefits the World B．How Blockchain Works C．Get to Know Blockchain D．Blockchain and Bitcoin 4．Which of the following can best show the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了区块链这一新兴技术，先点明其分散化的核心特点，再阐述它在教育、金融领域的应用优势，接着分析其普及难度、匿名性风险和能源消耗等问题，最后指出尽管存在挑战，区块链仍将持续改变生活，对年轻人适应数字未来具有重要意义。 1．词句猜测题。根据“this technology keeps them safe”可知，区块链技术能保障学生学习记录的安全，由此可推断“no one can make fake ones”指“没人能制作假的记录”，“fake”意为“不真实的”。故选B。 2．推理判断题。第二段提到区块链数据由众多用户共享，每人持有相同信息副本，几乎无法更改或丢失，且难以作弊，由此可推断在区块链上储存信息是安全的。B项正确。故选B。 3．最佳标题题。文章围绕区块链展开，涵盖其特点、应用、问题及未来前景，核心是让读者全面了解区块链技术。故选C。 4．篇章结构题。文章结构为：①段引入区块链主题；②段介绍其分散化的核心特点；③④段阐述教育、金融领域的应用优势；⑤⑥⑦段分析普及难度、匿名性风险和能源消耗等问题；⑧段展望未来。与选项A的结构完全契合。故选A。 ①Look! On the street! Not a common bike or a scooter (滑板车), it’s an e-bike with solar panels (太阳能板)! It’s also called a “solar e-bike”. Last month, it started being used in Chengdu’s green bike-sharing system, helping users travel around the city without worrying about running out of power. This is a new step for eco-friendly (环保的) short-distance transport. ②Solar e-bikes look almost like regular e-bikes, but they have a small solar panel on the front or the back. This panel can collect sunlight and turn it into electricity to charge the bike’s battery. Unlike traditional e-bikes that need to be plugged into a power socket (插座) to recharge, solar e-bikes get power from the sun for free. ③Solar e-bikes are easy to use. They have two riding modes: you can ride them like a normal bike (using your own strength) or turn on the electric mode to let the motor help you. Even on cloudy days, the solar panel can still collect weak sunlight—though it charges slower than on sunny days. The battery can also store extra electricity, so you can use it at night or when there’s no sun. ④Solar e-bikes bring many benefits to daily life. ⑤First, they save money. You don’t need to pay for electricity to charge them, and the cost of maintaining (维护) them is lower than regular e-bikes. Second, they help reduce air pollution. Since they use solar power instead of petrol (汽油) or grid electricity (电网电力) from coal-fired plants (火电厂), they produce almost no emissions. ⑥Another big advantage is that they’re good for long trips. A fully charged solar e-bike can go up to 60 kilometers—much farther than most regular bike-sharing bike. This makes them a great choice for people who need to travel from home to work (or school) and back, which usually takes 10-20 kilometers one way. ⑦Solar e-bikes have already been tested in a few Chinese cities like Qingdao and Xiamen. Many users say they love the “never-run-out-of-power” feeling. Bike-sharing companies plan to add more solar e-bikes next year, and some schools are even thinking about using them for students’ short-distance trips. 1．According to the first paragraph, what is the main goal of the new solar e-bike? A．To take the place of all common bikes. B．To be a test in Chengdu’s bike-sharing system. C．To give people a green way to travel around the city without worrying about running out of power. D．To show new uses of solar technology in transportation. 2．What is the main difference between solar e-bikes and traditional e-bikes? A．Solar e-bikes have two riding modes, but traditional ones don’t. B．Solar e-bikes need petrol to run, but traditional ones use electricity. C．Solar e-bikes get power from the sun, but traditional ones need plugging in. D．Solar e-bikes can go 60 kilometers, but traditional ones can’t go that far. 3．Which of the following shows the structure of this passage? A．①/②③/④⑤⑥/⑦ B．①②/③④/⑤⑥/⑦ C．①/②③④/⑤⑥/⑦ D．①②③/④/⑤⑥⑦ 4．What will the writer probably talk about after the last paragraph? A．The problems of solar e-bikes (like slow charging on rainy days). B．The history of bike-sharing systems in China. C．How to make regular e-bikes more eco-friendly. D．The number of solar e-bikes used in the Paris Olympics. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．A 4．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了成都共享单车系统中新推出的太阳能电动自行车的外观、使用方式、优势等方面进行了说明，并提到该车已在青岛、厦门等城市测试，未来将推广到更多场景。 1．细节理解题。根据“Last month, it started being used in Chengdu’s green bike-sharing system, helping users travel around the city without worrying about running out of power.”可知，太阳能电动车投入成都共享单车系统，既能助力环保短途出行，又能让使用者不用担心电量耗尽的问题。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“Unlike traditional e-bikes that need to be plugged into a power socket (插座) to recharge, solar e-bikes get power from the sun for free.”可知，传统电动自行车需插电充电，太阳能电动自行车免费从太阳获取电力。故选C。 3．篇章结构题。第①段引出太阳能电动车这一事物；第②段介绍其与传统电动车的外观和供电差异，第③段说明其使用方式，第②段和第③段均围绕太阳能电动车本身特点展开；第④段总述其对日常生活有诸多益处，第⑤⑥段分别从省钱、减污、适合长途出行三个方面具体阐述优势；第⑦段介绍其在国内其他城市的测试情况和未来的推广规划。故结构为①/②③/④⑤⑥/⑦，故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据“Solar e-bikes have already been tested in a few...for students’ short-distance trips.”可知，末段描述太阳能电动车的积极进展(测试成功、用户好评、推广计划)。按照“问题——解决方案——潜在缺陷”的常见逻辑，下文最可能讨论其局限性。故选A。 How can you combine (结合) games with English learning? The answer is a game app! Its players must correctly guess a five-letter word with just six tries. You either win by guessing it or lose because you run out of tries. The game has been popular with millions of players across the world. Every midnight, the game app refreshes (更新) its word of the day. For example, the answer for November 3rd is ALOUD, and the answer for November 4th is OTHER. As you guess, the game gives you hints (提示). For example, if a letter is correct and in the right place, it turns green. If the letter is not in the word, it turns gray. If the letter is part of the word but in the wrong place, it turns yellow. These hints make the game into a puzzle. You need knowledge to win this game, not just luck. Every syllable (音节) in an English word includes at least one vowel (元音), so finding vowels is a useful method. For example, in the word “think”, there is only one syllable and there is one vowel “i”. Several days ago, I played this game and found it very interesting. First, I guessed the word “table”. Only “a” was green. Then, I guessed “maker” and the “r” turned yellow. In the end, I guessed “carry” and I was correct! The game app is not only a perfect game to have fun, but also an excellent tool to increase your English vocabulary. Why not have a try in your spare time? 1．Match the color hints with the situations and choose the right answer. a Green.     b. Gray.    c. Yellow. ①The letter is not in the word. ②The letter is correct and in the right place. ③The letter is part of the word but in the wrong place. A．①-a②-b③-c B．①-c②-b③-a C．①-c②-a③-b D．①-b②-a③-c 2．Which of the following words can’t describe the game app? A．Easy. B．Popular. C．Interesting. D．Useful. 3．Which of the following best shows the structure of the text? (P1=Paragraph1, ...) A．B． C． D． 4．What can we learn from the text? A．Users can’t play the game if they know little English. B．Every syllable in an English word includes only one vowel. C．There is only one correct word in the game app every day. D．The players can guess a six-letter word with five tries. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一款结合英语学习的猜词游戏APP，讲述其规则、流行度及学习价值，鼓励读者尝试。 1．细节理解题。根据“if a letter is correct and in the right place, it turns green. If the letter is not in the word, it turns gray. If the letter is part of the word but in the wrong place, it turns yellow”可知，①字母不在单词中对应b (gray)、②字母正确且在正确位置对应a (green)、③字母是单词的一部分，但位置错误对应c (yellow)，故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“The game has been popular...found it very interesting...excellent tool to increase your English vocabulary”可知，游戏“流行、有趣、有用”，未提及“简单”，故选A。 3．篇章结构题。结合全文可知，文章结构为：P1引出结合游戏与英语学习的APP；P2-P3介绍游戏规则；P4-P5讲获胜方法及作者体验；P6总结游戏的乐趣与学习价值。总体结构为“总—分—总”，故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“Every midnight, the game app refreshes its word of the day. For example, the answer for November 3rd is ALOUD, and the answer for November 4th is OTHER”可知，该游戏应用每天只有一个正确答案，故选C。 Wang Tingrui’s story with digital fonts (电子字体) began with an old book. He scanned (扫描) each character (汉字), turned them into digital forms, and called the font “Kinghwa Old Songti.” His work shows the spirit of young people who try to save the old shapes of Chinese characters and share them with the world. To understand his effort, we need to look at the history of printing. In the Song Dynasty, people started to use movable type (活字印刷术). Centuries later, Gutenberg created metal movable type in Europe, and this idea came back to East Asia in the nineteenth century. From the late nineteenth century to the twentieth century, lead types (铅字块) flourished in East Asia. Two main styles, Songti and Heiti, became the most common. They were widely used in newspapers and textbooks. These fonts made reading clearer and became part of daily life. But with the rise of digital publishing, lead types soon disappeared. Many old ones were thrown away or changed into other things. ▲ Shops let visitors try printing with them, and companies made digital copies. However, many readers felt these copies were not the same as the real ones, because they lost the special marks of hand work. Today, other “font archaeologists (考古学家)” like Wang continue this work. They scan old books, save rare characters, and even use AI to rebuild missing ones. For them, fonts are not just tools for writing, but also cultural treasures that carry memories and value. Wang still adds new characters to his digital font. Every discovery keeps part of Chinese tradition alive. Every font saved is a memory kept, and a future protected. 1．Which shows the development of the fonts mentioned in the passage? A．Movable type→Metal movable type→Digital fonts. B．Metal movable type→Movable type→Digital fonts. C．Digital fonts→Movable type→Metal movable type. D．Movable type→Digital fonts→Metal movable type. 2．What drove Wang to create “Kinghwa Old Songti”? A．A task to produce new art styles. B．A wish to protect traditional culture. C．A plan to follow foreign printers. D．A need to make money from business. 3．Which of the following can be put in ▲ ? A．Some pieces were well kept. B．People no longer loved printing. C．The types were very useless. D．Digital fonts were easy to make. 4．Which sentence uses “flourish” the same way as the underlined word? flourish: ①挥动； ② (植物) 长势好；③繁荣；④夸张动作 A．Wild mushrooms flourish after rain, but don’t eat them. B．He flourished his new car proudly in the neighborhood. C．She opened the gift box with a flourish before her friends. D．Online short videos flourished fast among the young. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文讲述了王庭瑞等“字体考古学家”，通过扫描古籍、利用AI等方式抢救传统汉字字体的故事，展现了年轻人保护汉字文化、传承传统记忆的努力。 1．细节理解题。根据“In the Song Dynasty, people started to use movable type. Centuries later, Gutenberg created metal movable type in Europe”以及后续关于数字字体的内容可知，字体发展顺序是活字印刷→金属活字→数字字体。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“His work shows the spirit of young people who try to save the old shapes of Chinese characters and share them with the world.”可知，王庭瑞创作“Kinghwa Old Songti”是出于保护传统文化的愿望。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据“Shops let visitors try printing with them, and companies made digital copies.” 可知，有些铅字块被很好地保存了下来，才有后续的展示和数字化复制。故选A。 4．词句猜测题。根据“From the late nineteenth century to the twentieth century, lead types flourished in East Asia.”可知，从 19 世纪晚期到 20 世纪，铅字块在东亚繁荣发展，此处“flourish”意为“繁荣”。选项 D“Online short videos flourished fast among the young.”中“flourish”表示 “繁荣、蓬勃发展”，与文中用法一致。故选D。 ①Deep in the Amazon rainforest of Brazil, there lives one of the world’s most mysterious tribes (部落). Around 700 Piraha people speak their own language, Piraha. ②Piraha is an unusual language. It has no exact numbers. There are only three “quantity (数量) words” in it: hói, a “small size or amount”, hoí, a “kind of larger size or amount”, and baágiso, “a bunch (一堆)”. ③So how do the Piraha count? How do they ask for two of something instead of just one? ④Over the years, many researchers have tried to answer these questions. One of them is Caleb Everett, who traveled to the Piraha villages a few years ago to run a few simple experiments (实验). ⑤For one test, Everett put a row of batteries (电池) on a table. He then asked the Piraha to make a second row just like the first one. For another, Everett showed a row of batteries and then hid them from view. Again, he asked for a second row just like the first one. In both cases, no mistakes were made as long as there were no more than three batteries. More than that, the Piraha found it hard to make the second row. English speakers often find such tasks easy, unless there are too many batteries, or when the batteries are shown quickly and then hidden. The Piraha, however, didn’t appear to be counting at all. Well, without number words, how could they count? ⑥Everett concluded (得出结论) that the Piraha never needed numbers. In their culture, precise (精确的) counting is never valued. Some researchers tried to teach the Piraha number words, but there was little success. The Piraha were not interested at all. ⑦In our increasingly data-driven (数据驱动的) culture, living without numbers is unthinkable. But while we are busy recording our heart rate (心率) and measuring our daily food intake, the Piraha are also living a happy life. 1．The Piraha started to find it hard to make the second row of batteries when Caleb Everett ________. A．put two types of battery in the first row B．hid the first row after showing it for a while C．put more than three batteries in the first row D．showed the first row for only two seconds before hiding it 2．Paragraph 5 is developed mainly by ________. a. listing numbers    b. giving examples    c. making a comparison    d. explaining the process A．a,b B．a, c C．c, d D．b, d 3．What can we infer (推断) from the last paragraph? A．One can still live a happy life without focusing on data. B．It is not necessary for schools to teach kids how to count. C．It is wrong to pay too much attention to the data in our lives. D．The Piraha would lead a happier life if they knew how to count. 4．Which of the following mind maps shows the structure of this article? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．A 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了巴西亚马逊雨林中神秘的皮拉哈部落及其独特的语言（无精确数字词汇），并通过研究者的实验说明该部落无需数字也能幸福生活。 1．细节理解题。根据文章“In both cases, no mistakes were made as long as there were no more than three batteries. More than that, the Piraha found it hard to make the second row.”（在这两种情况下，只要电池数量不超过三节，皮拉哈人就不会出错。但如果电池数量超过三节，他们就很难摆出和第一排一样的第二排了。）可知，如果电池数量超过三节，皮拉哈人难以准确复制第二排。故选C。 2．篇章结构题。第五段主要描述了皮拉哈人在实验过程中的表现，最后得出的结论是，只要电池数量不超过三节，皮拉哈人就不会出错；但如果超过三节，他们就很难摆出第二排了，皮拉哈人似乎根本没有在计数。因此本段主要通过说明实验过程和下结论来展开的。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“But while we are busy recording our heart rate and measuring our daily food intake, the Piraha are also living a happy life”（尽管我们忙于记录心率和测量每日食物摄入量，皮拉哈人同样过着快乐的生活）可推断，即使不关注数据，人们仍能过上幸福生活。故选A。 4．篇章结构题。文章①②段是引入（介绍皮拉哈部落和其语言）；③段提出关于计数的问题；④⑤⑥段讲研究过程和发现；⑦段总结皮拉哈人无需数字仍能快乐生活。选项A的结构图符合文章脉络。故选A。 In Shanghai, a new ice-cream shop on Xiangyang Road has recently become famous for its new product: ice-creams made with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). There are many different tastes for the customers (顾客) to choose from. The staff there say they use ice-cream as the main part and add a small number of herbal ingredients (草本成分) to improve the taste. Since the TCM ice-creams started selling, they have got great popularity online. The hashtag (话题标签) about them on Sina Weibo has got over 50 million views and 10,000 comments. “My last bit of guilt about eating ice-creams has now gone away. I used to be worried that the icy and high-in-sugar food was bad for my health, but now I never worry about it any more. The herbal ingredients inside can keep me healthy,” a Weibo user said. However, some people doubt (怀疑) whether it is a good idea to mix ice-cream with traditional Chinese medicine. Ding Yu, a doctor in the Aerospace Center Hospital, said that some ingredients were not suitable for use with ice-cream. In fact, ice-creams are not the only food product to involve TCM ingredients. They have also been used in milk tea, coffee and bread. The rise of TCM in our modern diet suggests that young people in China are placing more importance on health and willing to try something creative. 1．How do the staff improve the taste of the ice-cream? A．By adding cookies. B．By adding sea salt. C．By adding fruit sugar. D．By adding herbal ingredients. 2．Which “guilt” below has the same meaning as the “guilt” in Paragraph 3? A．She tried her best to guilt me into lying to the policemen. B．Because of his guilt, he will be put into the prison (监狱). C．I always do something wrong because they guilt me into it. D．She had feelings of guilt about leaving her little kid alone at home. 3．Which is TRUE according to the passage? A．A new tea shop has recently become famous in Shanghai. B．The hashtag about TCM ice-creams on TikTok has got 5 million views. C．Ding Yu thought some herbal ingredients were not suitable for use with ice-cream. D．Herbal ingredients have been only used in ice-creams by now in China. 4．In which part of a newspaper can you probably read this passage? A．Food. B．Science. C．Sports. D．History. 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了上海一家新开的冰淇淋店推出了一款结合传统中药的新产品，并探讨了这种创新食品的受欢迎程度以及人们的看法。 1．细节理解题。根据文章“The staff there say they use ice-cream as the main part and add a small number of herbal ingredients to improve the taste.（店员表示，他们以冰淇淋为主要成分，并添加少量草本成分以提升口感）”可知，店员是通过添加草本成分来改善冰淇淋的口感。故选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据文章“My last bit of guilt about eating ice-creams has now gone away.（我对吃冰淇淋的最后一点愧疚感现在消失了）”可知，这里的“guilt”指的是因吃高糖、冰冷食物而产生的愧疚感。选项D“她因为把孩子独自留在家而感到愧疚”中的“guilt”与此处的含义相同，均表示因某种行为而产生的心理负担。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据文章“Ding Yu, a doctor in the Aerospace Center Hospital, said that some ingredients were not suitable for use with ice-cream.（航天中心医院的医生丁宇表示，某些成分不适合与冰淇淋一起使用）”可知，丁宇认为某些草本成分不适合用于冰淇淋。故选C。 4．推理判断题。文章主要围绕冰淇淋与中药结合的创新食品展开，讨论了其受欢迎程度和争议，属于食品领域的报道。因此，最可能出现在报纸的“食品”版块。故选A。 ①Blind boxes have become very popular as toys in China. The idea is simple: the buyers won’t know which toys they get until they open the boxes. It’s a bit like gambling (赌博), but everyone gets a toy, so no one ends up with nothing. ②Pop Mart is a well-known company (公司). It began as a small shop in Beijing’s Zhongguancun area, selling different kinds of products. Later, the company found toys were their most popular and best-selling products. ______. ③The idea for blind boxes was from gashapons (扭蛋机) in Japan, which sell blind toys in capsules (胶囊). Although the toys inside Pop Mart’s blind boxes cost only about 2 dollars, they sell for around 8 dollars each. This brings the company a lot of money. Pop Mart had around 6.3 billion yuan in revenue (收入) in the year of 2023, 1.7 billion yuan more compared with 2022. ④These toys easily become popular with young people because they’re fun and surprising. Some buyers have collected over 1,000 dolls, showing how much they enjoy them. Maybe they think the dolls represent their personalities, or they simply like sharing cute things with others. ⑤However, the blind box is as hard to stop as gambling. Some hard-to-find toys are already sold at higher prices in second-hand markets. Some countries have taken actions to stop or control blind box sales. ⑥To keep growing, Pop Mart needs to successfully keep creating their popular characters and sell more toys. We wish that Pop Mart can be a world-famous company like Disney one day. 1．Why is buying blind boxes like gambling? A．Because many buyers like it very much. B．Because buyers might get nothing. C．Because buyers don’t know what they’ll get. D．Because it is very expensive for buyers. 2．Which sentence can be put in the ______? A．So they thought selling toys might be the best idea. B．So they chose to sell the shop to get more blind boxes. C．But many other companies also sold blind boxes then. D．But they kept selling different products in their shop. 3．What was the revenue of Pop Mart in 2022? A．6.3 billion yuan. B．1.7 billion yuan. C．8 billion yuan. D．4.6 billion yuan. 4．Which of the following can best show the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了盲盒在中国作为玩具的流行情况，包括泡泡玛特公司的发展、盲盒的想法来源、收入情况、受年轻人欢迎的原因、存在的问题以及未来的发展方向。 1．细节理解题。根据“the buyers won’t know which toys they get until they open the boxes. It’s a bit like gambling (赌博)”可知，购买盲盒像赌博是因为买家不知道会得到什么玩具。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据“Later, the company found toys were their most popular and best-selling products.”可知，公司发现玩具是最受欢迎和畅销的产品，所以接下来应该是他们认为卖玩具可能是最好的主意。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“Pop Mart had around 6.3 billion yuan in revenue (收入) in the year of 2023, 1.7 billion yuan more compared with 2022.”可知，泡泡玛特2023年的收入是63亿元，比2022年多17亿元，所以2022年的收入是63-17=46亿元。故选D。 4．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，文章第一段引入泡泡玛特公司的话题；第二段与第三段详细介绍泡泡玛特公司，包括其发展以及盲盒业务；第四段与第五段围绕盲盒受欢迎的原因与其存在的问题展开讨论；第六段主要介绍为了继续发展泡泡玛特提出的建议。故选B。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $