题型05 选词填空15篇（上海专用）（中考典例+热点话题练）-2026年中考英语总复习（上海专用）

题型05 选词填空15篇 (上海专用) 【题型知识点细目表】 题号 难度 知识点 1 适中 叙事忆旧 2 适中 环境保护,志愿服务,叙事忆旧 3 较难 中华文化,说明文,文学名著 4 适中 意见/建议,教育,说明文 5 适中 身体部位,科普知识,说明文 6 适中 学习策略,说明文 7 适中 其他著名人物,记叙文 8 适中 事故,交通规则,说明文 9 适中 信息技术,发明与创造 10 适中 科学技术,说明文 11 适中 方法/策略,说明文 12 适中 自然灾害与防范,说明文 13 适中 传统工艺,说明文 14 较难 文学名著,说明文 15 适中 文化差异,假日活动,说明文 【中考真题】 Choose the proper words or phrase to complete the following passage. Each can be used only once（选择最恰当的选项填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次） A．cried out   B．moved  C． observe  D．over  E. return This was the last day of the camping trip. When afternoon activities were 1 , the kids couldn’t wait to play games in their tents. But Mr. Lin said to them, “Your last task here is to 2 the nighttime sky and describe what you see.” “Oh no!” All the kids 3 . “Is it fun looking at the sky at night?” asked Lucy. Mr. Lin smiled, “I hope you will find the answer yourself.” After dinner, the kids 4 their telescopes out of the tents. Amy looked at the moon and said to Lucy, “Do you know the moon’s light comes from the sun? It’s funny that it’s called moonlight.” “Yes,” said Lucy, still thinking about playing in the tent. A．attractive  B．excitedly  C． explorers  D．lonely  E. points Mr. Lin said to the kids, “See the stars in the sky? Those 5 of bright light can form shapes. Can you see the group of stars over there? It looks like a giant spoon. It’s the Big Dipper.” “Wow, interesting!” said Amy, who was looking through a telescope. “So many stars! I never knew the nighttime sky could be so 6 .” “Really? Let me have a look,” said Lucy. Lucy looked through the telescope for a while and shouted 7 , “A bright light is going fast in the sky!” “That’s a shooting star (流星)!” said Mr. Lin. “This is fun,” said Amy. “Tonight we have been the star 8 .” “Yes,” said Lucy. “I really enjoy looking at the stars now.” “So you’ve found the answer to your question, right?” Mr. Lin said to Lucy. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．E 6．A 7．B 8．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了在营地的最后一天，孩子们的任务是看夜空，描述夜空的美丽，老师也给孩子们讲述一些关于夜空的有趣知识。 1．句意：当天下午的活动结束时，孩子们迫不及待地想在帐篷里玩游戏。根据“When afternoon activities were”可知是下午的活动结束时，选项D“结束”符合。故选D。 2．句意：你们在这里的最后一个任务是观察夜空，并描述你看到的东西。根据“the nighttime sky and describe what you see”可知是观察夜空，选项C“观察”符合。故选C。 3．句意：所有的孩子们都大声喊了出来。根据“Oh no”可知孩子们都不愿意，所以是大声叫喊，选项A“大叫”符合。故选A。 4．句意：晚饭后，孩子们把望远镜从帐篷里拿了出来。根据“their telescopes out of the tents”可知是把望远镜从帐篷里拿出来，句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式moved“移动”。故选B。 5．句意：那些亮点可以组成形状。根据“of bright light can form shapes”可知那些亮点可以组成形状，选项E“点”符合。故选E。 6．句意：我从来不知道夜空可以这么迷人。根据“I never knew the nighttime sky could be so”可知夜空很吸引人，选项A“吸引人的”符合。故选A。 7．句意：露西看了一会儿望远镜，然后兴奋地喊道：“天空中有一道亮光在快速移动！”根据“A bright light is going fast in the sky”可知看到流星孩子们应该是兴奋地大喊，选项B“兴奋地”符合。故选B。 8．句意：今晚我们成了星星的探险者。根据“Tonight we have been the star”可知他们今晚观察星星，所以是星星探索者，选项C“探索者”符合。故选C。 选择最恰当的选项填入空格，每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次 （A） A．award    B．pleased    C． litter    D．nature    E. tidy Last month. George and Sophie designed a community programme. After the activity, the community centre gave them a special 1 for what they had done. The idea came to them one day as they were walking home from school through the park. They noticed that there was a lot of 2 on the grass and by the lake. The park didn't look clean or 3 , so they decided to plan a community clean-up day. They asked local people to come and help clear away all the rubbish. People in the community were very 4 to hear about the plan as it could make a cleaner neighbourhood. （B） A．in all    B．chose    C． on holiday    D．delivered    E. breathed In order to make it convenient for people to join them, they 5 a Sunday for the activity. Then they contacted the community centre to ask for rubbish bags for the work. After that. they 6 posters to the houses near the park. They also put up some posters in their school. That day, more people came than expected-eighty-six volunteers 7 . Some were from the local community and others from the school. Even tourists came to help. One family was 8 in the area and they took part in the activity after seeing the posters. It was a successful day! 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．E 4．B 5．B 6．D 7．A 8．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了乔治和索菲设计的一个社区项目——“社区清洁日”。 1．句意：活动结束后，社区中心对他们的所作所为给予了特别奖励。空前有冠词a，其后跟名词单数形式，A选项award“奖励”符合题意。故选A。        2．句意：他们注意到草地上和湖边有很多垃圾。a lot of后跟不可数名词/可数名词复数，C选项litter“垃圾”，不可数名词符合题意。故选C。 3．句意：公园看起来既不干净也不整洁，所以他们决定计划一个社区清洁日。根据“clean or...”可知，空处需填入形容词。E选项tidy“整洁的”，形容词符合题意。故选E。 4．句意：社区里的人很高兴听到这个计划，因为它可以使社区变得更干净。根据“were”可知，此处B选项pleased“高兴的”符合题意，形容词作表语。故选B。 5．句意：为了方便人们参加，他们选择了一个周日的活动。根据“In order to make it convenient for people to join them,”可知，B选项chose“选择”符合题意，意为“选择了周日”。故选B。 6．句意：在那之后。他们把海报送到公园附近的各家各户。根据“...posters to the houses”可知，此处D选项delivered“递送”符合题意。固定短语deliver sth to...“把某物送到……”。故选D。 7．句意：总共有86名志愿者，其中一些来自当地社区，另一些来自学校。根据“more people came than expected-eighty-six volunteers”可知，A选项in all“总共”符合题意。故选A。 8．句意：一家人在该地区度假，他们在看到海报后参加了活动。根据“One family was”可知，C选项on holiday“在度假”符合题意，介词短语作表语。故选C。 【热点话题练习】 A．perfectly    B．in peace    C． ties    D．securely    E. meaning These days, we see many Chinese fantasy (玄幻) and comic shows. We’re surprised by their 1 to our traditional culture. Names of the worlds and roles in these shows are good examples of this. They make the shows both fun and deep. Lost You Forever (《长相思》), a recent popular costume show, has created a world called dahuang, 2 wild areas. This term is from the Classic of Mountains and Seas, one of China’s oldest books about mythical stories. In the TV show, humans, monsters and fairies live together in the world of dahuang. It 3 shows the ancient ideas and stories seen in the Classic of Mountains and Seas. Ancient people believed that all lives had souls, and that they could live together 4 . A．protect    B．controlled    C． organization    D．discussion    E. present Traditional culture is also seen in the latest season of the cartoon show Fog Hill of Five Elements. It tells the story of people using the power from the five traditional elements to fight evil. The cultural importance it carries has started a heated 5 among people who have watched it. In the show, the three big monsters are named greed, anger and ignorance. These are the three poisons in Buddhism. The five families with the power of the five elements have to fight the three monsters to 6 the world. It shows the Buddhist idea that, for a happy life, the three poisons need to be 7 . Both cartoons and TV dramas now use modem technologies and new stories to 8 old traditions. They breathe new life into both Chinese culture and TV shows. 【答案】1．C 2．E 3．A 4．B 5．D 6．A 7．B 8．E 【导语】本文介绍了中国玄幻及动画作品融入传统文化的现象，以《长相思》《五行山》为例，说明这类作品借助现代技术与新故事展现传统文化，为文化注入新活力。 1．句意：我们惊讶于他们对传统文化的联系。“their”后需接名词，结合选项及后文可知玄幻和动漫作品与传统文化有很多联系，ties“联系，纽带，关联”，符合题意。故填C。 2．句意：近期热门古装剧《长相思》创造了名为“大荒”的世界，意思是荒野地区。分析句子结构，此处可用现在分词作伴随状语，meaning“意思是……”，引出对“dahuang”的解释。故填E。 3．句意：它完美地展现了《山海经》里的古老思想与故事。根据此处需填副词修饰动词“shows”，perfectly意为“完美地”，符合“展现古老内容” 的描述。故填A。 4．句意：古人认为所有生命都有灵魂，它们能和平共处。根据“live together”后需接表方式的短语，in peace意为“和平地”，契合古人对生命共处的理念。故填B。 5．句意：它承载的文化价值在观众中引发了热烈的讨论。根据“heated”后需接名词，固定搭配“heated discussion”表示 “热烈的讨论”，discussion符合题意。故填D。 6．句意：拥有五行力量的五个家族必须对抗这三个怪兽来保护世界。根据“to”后接动词原形表目的，结合“fight evil”的语境，protect意为“保护”，逻辑通顺。故填A。 7．句意：这体现了佛教理念：要获得幸福生活，这“三毒”需要被控制。根据“need to be”可知，此处是被动语态，结构为“be+过去分词”，controlled意为“控制”，契合佛教对“三毒”的态度。故填B。 8．句意：如今动画片和电视剧都用现代技术与新故事来呈现古老传统。根据“to”后接动词原形表目的，present意为“呈现”，体现现代形式对传统文化的展示作用。故填E。 Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each can only be used once (将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填一词，每个单词或词组只能填一次) A．usually   B．independent   C． seldom   D．right   E. responsible Housework has traditionally been thought as parents’ work. It is difficult for parents of nearly every family to teach their children to be 1 for housework, but with one of the following suggestions, you really can get your children to help at home. If you give your children the impression that they can never do anything quite 2 , then they will regard themselves as unfit or unable persons. Children will never become 3 , unless they believe they can succeed. My daughter’s teacher made every child in her class feel special. When students received less than a perfect score, she 4 laughed at them. She would point out what they had mastered and what they had missed. A．process   B．achieve   C． director   D．praise   E. complete You can use the same way to evaluate (评价) your child’s work at home. Don’t always scold (训斥). Give lots of 5 instead. Talk about what he has done right, not about what he hasn’t done. If your child can 6 a difficult task, promise him a Sunday trip or a ball game with Dad. Learning is a 7 of trying and failing and trying and succeeding. If you teach your children not to fear a mistake or failure, they will learn faster and 8 success at last. Don’t talk over their heads or talk down to them. 【答案】1．E 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．D 6．E 7．A 8．B 【导语】本文主要讲了如何教孩子负责做家务，以及老师对学生的评价方式和学习的过程。 1．句意：几乎每个家庭的父母都很难教他们的孩子对家务负责，但有了以下建议之一，你真的可以让你的孩子在家里帮忙。根据“It is difficult for parents of nearly every family to teach their children to be...for housework”可知，此处指的是“对家务负责”，be responsible for“对……负责”。故选E。 2．句意：如果你给你的孩子留下这样的印象：他们永远做不好任何事，那么他们会认为自己是不适合或没有能力的人。根据“then they will regard themselves as unfit or unable persons”可知，此处指的是“做不好任何事”，do sth right“做某事正确”。故选D。 3．句意：除非孩子们相信自己能成功，否则他们永远不会独立。根据“unless they believe they can succeed”可知，此处指的是“不会独立”，become independent“变得独立”。故选B。 4．句意：当学生的分数低于满分时，她很少嘲笑他们。根据“My daughter’s teacher made every child in her class feel special.”以及“She would point out what they had mastered and what they had missed.”可知，此处指的是“很少嘲笑”，seldom“很少”，频度副词。故选C。 5．句意：相反，要给予很多赞扬。根据“Don’t always scold (训斥).”可知，此处指的是“给予赞扬”，praise“赞扬”，名词。故选D。 6．句意：如果你的孩子能完成一项困难的任务，答应他星期天和爸爸一起去旅行或打球。根据“promise him a Sunday trip or a ball game with Dad.”可知，此处指的是“完成任务”，complete“完成”，动词，情态动词后接动词原形。故选E。 7．句意：学习是一个尝试和失败、尝试和成功的过程。根据“Learning is a...of trying and failing and trying and succeeding.”可知，此处指的是“学习的过程”，process“过程”，名词。故选A。 8．句意：如果你教你的孩子不要害怕犯错或失败，他们会学得更快，最终取得成功。根据“If you teach your children not to fear a mistake of failure”可知，此处指的是“最终会取得成功”，achieve“取得”，动词，and连接两个并列成分，此处应用动词原形。故选B。 Choose the proper words in the box to complete the following passage. Each can be used only once (选择最恰当的选项填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次) (每题只有一个正确选项) A．damage B．recognize C． organize D．machines E. opposite What makes humans and our animal relatives different? A big beautiful brain. Human brain power has invented things such as art, language, literature, 1 and music. The list goes on, but there is still much we don’t know about the brain. Just this month, scientists discovered that swimming in cold water could repair 2 to human brains. The brain has two connected parts called hemispheres (脑半球). Each one controls the 3 side of the body. The right hemisphere controls the left side of the body and helps you 4 faces, images and music. The left hemisphere controls the right side of the body and focuses on language, logical (逻辑的) thinking and maths.       A．action B．especially C． touch D．early E creative Our brain continues to develop into 5 adulthood. Babies learn quickly. In the first 18 months of life, they use their senses—hearing, sight, smell, taste and 6 to understand the world around them. Talking to and playing with babies helps their brains grow. Teenagers have brains that are full-sized but still under development, 7 the part at the front left of the brain. This part controls behaviour and decision-making. Sport, studying and 8 activities help us improve it. An adult brain can play, solve problems and make decisions better than a teenage one can. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．E 4．B 5．D 6．C 7．B 8．E 【导语】本文介绍了人类大脑的独特之处、结构功能，以及大脑在人生不同阶段的发展特点，还提到了促进大脑发展的相关方式。 1．句意：人类的脑力发明了艺术、语言、文学、机器和音乐等事物。此处与art、language、literature、music并列，指人类的发明创造，备选词machines“机器”符合语境，故填D。 2．句意：就在这个月，科学家发现，在冷水中游泳可以修复人类大脑的损伤。结合“repair”（修复）可知，此处指“损伤”，备选词damage“损伤、损害”符合语境，故填A。 3．句意：每个脑半球控制着身体的对侧。根据后文“The right hemisphere controls the left side of the body”可知，左右脑控制身体的“对侧”，备选词opposite“相反的、对面的”符合语境，故填E。 4．句意：右脑控制身体的左侧，帮助你识别面孔、图像和音乐。结合“faces, images and music”可知，右脑的功能是“识别”这些事物，备选词recognize“识别、认出”符合语境，故填B。 5．句意：我们的大脑会一直发育到成年早期。此处修饰名词adulthood，需用形容词，结合“Babies learn quickly”“Teenagers have brains that are full-sized but still under development”的发展顺序，可知大脑发育持续到“成年早期”，备选词early“早期的”符合语境，故填D。 6．句意：在出生后的18个月里，他们利用自己的感官——听觉、视觉、嗅觉、味觉和触觉——来理解周围的世界。此处与hearing、sight、smell、taste并列，指人体感官，备选词touch“触觉”符合语境，故填C。 7．句意：青少年的大脑已经发育到正常大小，但仍在发育中，尤其是大脑左前方的部分。此处强调突出大脑特定区域的发育情况，备选词especially“尤其、特别”符合语境，故填B。 8．句意：运动、学习和创造性活动有助于我们改善它。此处修饰名词activities，结合大脑左前方区域控制行为和决策的功能，“创造性”活动能促进其发展，备选词creative“创造性的”符合语境，故填E。 Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each can only be used once (将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次) A．remain   B．enjoyable   C． familiar   D．explain   E. wonder Learning can be exciting when you follow your curiosity! Scientists say curious students enjoy studying more. They can find ways to make school subjects more 1 . Here are four easy ways to start with. • Ask questions: Always ask “why” when learning something. If you study physics, 2 why light travels faster than sound. When learning Chinese, ask why Tang poems 3 so popular in modern China. Questions make learning more active and help you understand better. • Connect lessons to real life: Find how school subjects are part of your life. Math helps when you are shopping. English is useful when you travel abroad. Geography can 4 weather changes and the environment around us. When you find knowledge is practical, you’ll want to learn more. A．community   B．exciting   C． while   D．excited   E. memory • Turn learning into games: Make word cards to play 5 games. Put together a puzzle map to learn about the shapes of countries. Use apps or online tools to practice spelling and grammar. Learning by doing feels like play, not work. • Learn outside school: Join a 6 center to learn to play a new sport. Visit museums to see what life was like in the past. Going to a park or a zoo allows you to watch plants and animals carefully 7 learning about them. Different ways of learning keep your brain 8 . Start with one way today. You’ll find learning useful! You will also find it enjoyable. Remember, every subject becomes interesting when you’re curious about it. 【答案】1．B 2．E 3．A 4．D 5．E 6．A 7．C 8．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了四种让学习变得更有趣的方法：提问、将课程与现实生活联系起来、将学习游戏化、在校外学习。 1．句意：他们可以找到方法让学校科目变得更有趣。根据“make school subjects more”可知，让科目更有趣，enjoyable“有趣的”符合语境。故选B。 2．句意：如果你学习物理，想知道为什么光比声音传播得快。根据“Always ask ‘why’ when learning something”和“why light travels faster than sound”可知，对现象感到好奇，wonder“想知道”符合语境。故选E。 3．句意：当学习中文时，问问为什么唐诗在现代中国仍然如此受欢迎。根据“why Tang poems...so popular in modern China”可知，唐诗在现代中国仍然流行，remain“仍然”符合语境。故选A。 4．句意：地理可以解释天气变化和我们周围的环境。根据“Geography can...weather changes and the environment around us”可知，地理可以解释天气变化，explain“解释”符合语境。故选D。 5．句意：制作单词卡片来玩记忆游戏。根据“Make word cards to play...games”可知，单词卡片常用于记忆游戏，memory“记忆”符合语境。故选E。 6．句意：加入社区中心学习一项新的运动。根据“Join a...center to learn to play a new sport”可知，加入社区中心，community“社区”符合语境。故选A。 7．句意：去公园或动物园可以让你在了解动植物的同时仔细观察它们。根据“watch plants and animals carefully...learning about them”可知，在了解动植物的同时观察它们，while“当……的时候”符合语境。故选C。 8．句意：不同的学习方式让你的大脑保持兴奋。根据“keep your brain”可知，让大脑保持兴奋，excited“兴奋的”符合语境，修饰人。故选D。 A．distance  B．control  C． according to  D．salary  E. except for Jane Goodall is a well-known scientist who loves animals, especially chimpanzees. When she was young, she went to Africa to study chimpanzees in the wild. She had no modern equipment at first, 1 some basic tools. She would sit quietly in the forest every day, waiting for the chimpanzees to get used to her. Many people told her to 2 the chimpanzees to make research easier, but she refused. She said studying animals needs patience-only by letting them be free could she learn the truth about their lives. She didn’t require a high 3 . She lived in a small tent far from cities, and the long 4 from her family made her feel lonely sometimes. But she kept going because she wanted to understand chimpanzees deeply. A．results  B．manage  C． mention  D．respect  E. depend on She found that chimpanzees use sticks to get bugs to eat and hug each other when they’re sad-facts that few people talked about before. When she wrote books or gave talks, she would always 5 these important findings to let more people know about chimpanzees. Her hard work brought good 6 ; more people started to care about protecting chimpanzees and stopping the destruction of their forest homes. Today, she is widely recognized as a great protector of animals, even by governments and big groups. Many organizations’ 7 her ideas to plan animal protection projects, like building safe areas for chimpanzees. Even in her old age, she still traveled around the world to tell kids about caring for nature. Jane Goodall shows us that if we love and 8 nature, we can make the world better for every living creature. 【答案】1．E 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．C 6．A 7．E 8．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了动物学家珍·古道尔在非洲野外研究黑猩猩的经历，以及她为动物保护所做的贡献。 1．句意：起初她没有现代化设备，除了一些基础工具。根据“She had no modern equipment at first…some basic tools”以及备选词可知，前后是“没有现代化设备”和“有基础工具”的转折关系，方框中“except for”表示“除了……之外”，符合语境。故填E。 2．句意：很多人告诉她要控制黑猩猩，让研究更简单，但她拒绝了。根据“but she refused. She said studying animals needs patience-only by letting them be free could she learn the truth”以及备选词可知，别人建议她管控黑猩猩，而她主张让黑猩猩自由。方框中“control”表示“控制”，符合语境。故填B。 3．句意：她不要求高薪水。她住在远离城市的小帐篷里，与家人相隔的遥远距离有时让她感到孤独。根据“She lived in a small tent far from cities”以及备选词可知，她生活简朴，不追求高报酬。方框中“salary”表示“薪水”，符合语境。故填D。 4．句意：她不要求高薪水。她住在远离城市的小帐篷里，与家人相隔的遥远距离有时让她感到孤独。根据“the long…from her family made her feel lonely”以及备选词可知，和家人之间的距离让她孤独。方框中“distance”表示“距离”，符合语境。故填A。 5．句意：当她写书或做演讲时，她总会提及这些重要的发现，让更多人了解黑猩猩。根据“let more people know about chimpanzees”以及备选词可知，她会把研究发现告诉别人。方框中“mention”表示“提及”，符合语境。故填C。 6．句意：她的努力带来了好结果：更多人开始关心保护黑猩猩，阻止对它们森林家园的破坏。根据“more people started to care about protecting chimpanzees”以及备选词可知，这是她努力带来的成果。方框中“results”表示“结果”，符合语境。故填A。 7．句意：很多组织依靠她的想法来规划动物保护项目，比如为黑猩猩建立安全区域。根据“her ideas to plan animal protection projects”以及备选词可知，组织依据她的想法做项目。方框中“depend on”表示“依靠”，符合语境。故填E。 8．句意：珍·古道尔向我们展示，如果我们热爱并尊重自然，我们就能让世界变得更适合每一个生物。根据“love and...nature”以及备选词可知，此处是与“love”并列的积极态度。方框中“respect”表示“尊重”，符合语境。故填D。 Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each word can only be used once.(将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次。) A．active  B．trouble  C． According to  D．carefully  E. cause Every day, cars kill or hurt many people on roads. Sometimes the drivers drive too fast or do not drive 1 enough. Some of them break the traffic rules and cause accidents. 2 some researches, it is usually the pedestrians (行人) who 3 the accidents. A lot of road users are very careless. They walk or run across the roads in front of the cars. They walk in the roads but not on the walkways. They get into or out of cars in the middle of the road. Some do not take the 4 to wait for the green lights and simply cross the roads against the red lights. A．dangerous  B．probably  C． For example  D．strict  E. response Many people think accidents often happen on busy roads in large cities, but this is not always true. 5 , Tokyo is one of the world’s largest cities and 6 one of the busiest cities; however, there are few accidents to pedestrians. The reason is that the police there are very 7 and the pedestrians are very careful. Pedestrians never cross against a red light and they always follow traffic rules. Do you know alcohol (酒精) is another main cause of traffic accidents? It delays people’s 8 . Those who have drunk alcohol are slow in making decisions. They need a few more seconds to react (反应). Alcohol drinking is especially dangerous for motor car drivers. It is not only drivers who may have accidents after drinking, drunken pedestrians may put their lives in danger as well. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．E 4．B 5．C 6．B 7．D 8．E 【导语】本文主要讲述了导致道路交通事故的原因。 1．句意：有时司机开得太快，或者开车不够认真。根据“drive”可知，此处应填副词，修饰动词drive，结合备选词，carefully“认真地”，符合题意，表示“司机开车不够认真”。故选D。 2．句意：根据一些调查，通常是行人导致了这些事故。根据“some researches”可知，此处指根据一些调查得出结论，According to“根据”，用于引出研究结论。故选C。 3．句意：根据一些调查，通常是行人导致了这些事故。根据“it is usually the pedestrians (行人) who... the accidents.”可知，定语从句中缺少谓语动词，cause“导致”，是动词，此处表示“导致了事故”。故选E。 4．句意：有些人不愿费心等绿灯，直接闯红灯过马路。根据“simply cross the roads against the red lights.”可知，有些人直接闯红灯过马路，所以他们是不愿意等绿灯的，“take the trouble to do sth”是固定搭配，意为“费心做某事，不厌其烦地做某事”。故选B。 5．句意：例如，东京是世界上最大的城市之一，可能也是最繁忙的城市之一；然而，行人事故很少。根据“Tokyo is one of the world’s largest cities and... one of the busiest cities; however, there are few accidents to pedestrians.”可知，此处是以东京为例说明前文的观点，应填For example“例如”。故选C。 6．句意：例如，东京是世界上最大的城市之一，可能也是最繁忙的城市之一；然而，行人事故很少。分析句子可知，此处应填probably“可能”，表示东京可能也是最繁忙的城市之一。故选B。 7．句意：原因是那里的警察非常严格，行人也非常小心。根据“The reason is that the police there are very...”可知，此处应填形容词作表语，结合备选词， strict“严格的”，符合题意，警察非常严格，这是行人事故很少的原因。故选D。 8．句意：它会延迟人们的反应。分析句子可知，It指代“酒精”，酒精会延迟人们的反应，response“反应”。故选E。 将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次。 A．saves        B．computer        C． evening        D．night        E. slower Are you able to send a letter with pictures and sounds to someone anywhere in the world without putting a stamp on it? With e-mail you can just do that. Using a 1 you can send e-mail quickly and easily. The post is much 2 than e-mail. E-mail is easy to use and it 3 time and money. The differences in time in different parts of the world do not matter when sending e-mail. It is twenty-four-hour service, so you can send e-mail at any time of the day or 4 . No one has to be there to receive e-mail. It doesn’t matter if your friends are in bed when you send e-mail to them, or you are seeing a film at the cinema when they send e-mail back. A．store        B．with        C． difficulty        D．happen to        E. instead of Oh, no, not again! I’ve forgotten my password again! We all have 5 remembering the passwords to unlock our electronic devices (电子设备). But, if you could take a pill that remembers all of your passwords, would you take it? Proteus Digital Health, a company from America came up with the idea to create such a powerful pill. It can 6 all of your passwords. So if you take the pill, you can open up your computers or smartphones 7 having to type in your passwords. How does it work? The pill has a small chip (芯片). It has all your passwords and works by the acid (酸) in your stomach. Then your smartphones or computers can read the passwords on the chip when you are near. So forgetting your passwords won’t 8 you in the future any longer. 【答案】1．B 2．E 3．A 4．D 5．C 6．A 7．E 8．D 【导语】①本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍电子邮件快速便捷、节省时间金钱、全天候服务的优势，以及不受时差和接收方状态影响的特点。 ②本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍美国一家公司推出可存储所有密码的药丸，说明其功能、工作原理及能解决人们忘记电子设备密码的问题。 1．句意：使用一台电脑，你可以快速便捷地发送电子邮件。这里需要一个名词，因为前面是“a”，所以应该是单数可数名词。电子邮件是通过计算机发送的。故选B。 2．句意：邮政邮件比电子邮件慢得多。这里需要一个形容词的比较级，因为“much”修饰比较级。这表示邮政比电子邮件慢。故选E。 3．句意：电子邮件使用方便，还能节省时间和金钱。这里需要一个动词，句子为一般现在时，用第三人称单数形式，因为主语是“it”。saves意思是节省时间和金钱，符合电子邮件的好处。故选A。 4．句意：它是24小时服务，所以你可以在白天或夜晚的任何时候发送。这里需要一个与“day”对应的词，表示夜晚。“day or night”是一个常见短语。故选D。 5．句意：我们所有人在记住解锁电子设备的密码时都有困难。这里需要一个名词或名词短语。 difficulty意思是“在记住密码方面有困难”，符合上下文，have difficulty doing“在做某事方面有困难”是固定搭配。故选C。 6．句意：它能存储你所有的密码。根据“It can…all of your passwords.”这里需要一个动词，表示存储。store意思是存储密码。故选A。 7．句意：所以只要服用了这种药丸，你无需输入密码，就能打开电脑或智能手机。这里需要一个词组，表示“而不是”用instead of，此处指“而不是需要输入密码”。故选E。 8．句意：这样一来，未来你就再也不会遭遇忘记密码的烦恼了。根据“Then your smartphones or computers can read the passwords on the chip when you are near.”可知，服用药丸解决了忘记密码的烦恼，即“忘记密码不会发生在你身上”，happen to“发生在某人身上”。故选D。 （A） A．exactly   B．recognize   C．common   D．services   E．simply CHATBOTS—What they do and why they matter Chatbots are changing the way customers contact businesses. Think about this, instead of clicking on a link on a company’s website, you could 1 type a question and get an immediate answer. Some companies are working to make this a reality using chatbots. Chatbots are computer programs that can 2 human languages, allowing them to communicate with people by phone, on apps, or on websites. Chatbots can look up information, answer 3 questions (FAQs) and collect information from users. They can be used to help users decide what they want to buy and to make appointments (预约). Businesses can also use them to control who can use certain 4 or information. （B） A．regular   B．ordered   C．process   D．types   E．trained There are two 5 of chatbots: open and closed. A closed chatbot mainly follows instructions to understand users’ messages and 6 their requests. An open chatbot uses AI both to tell what users want and to make responses. Open chatbots are able to learn from their 7 conversations and improve their ability to communicate over time. This means they can deal with more requests than closed chatbots. The open chatbot uses questions to guide users step-by-step to their real needs. Chatting with them feels more natural, but if they have not been 8 , users may have a bad experience with them. 【答案】1．E 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．D 6．C 7．A 8．E 【导语】本文A篇主要介绍了聊天机器人是什么以及它们的作用和重要性。B篇主要介绍了两种类型的聊天机器人：开放式和封闭式，以及它们的工作原理和特点。 1．句意：想想看，你不必点击公司网站上的链接，只需输入问题就能立即得到答案。根据“instead of clicking on a link on a company’s website, you could...type a question and get an immediate answer”可知，此处表示只需简单地输入问题，simply“仅仅，只需”符合语境。故选E。 2．句意：聊天机器人是能够识别人类语言的计算机程序，允许它们通过电话、应用程序或网站与人交流。根据“Chatbots are computer programs that can...human languages”可知，聊天机器人能识别人类语言，recognize“识别”符合语境。故选B。 3．句意：聊天机器人可以查找信息，回答常见问题（FAQ）并从用户那里收集信息。根据“answer...questions (FAQs)”可知，FAQ是“常见问题”的缩写，common“常见的”符合语境。故选C。 4．句意：企业也可以用它们来控制谁可以使用某些服务或信息。根据“control who can use certain...or information”可知，此处指使用某些服务，services“服务”符合语境。故选D。 5．句意：有两种类型的聊天机器人：开放的和封闭的。根据“two...of chatbots: open and closed”可知，此处指两种类型，types“类型”符合语境。故选D。 6．句意：封闭式聊天机器人主要遵循指令来理解用户的信息并处理他们的请求。根据“follows instructions to understand users’ messages and...their requests”可知，理解信息并处理请求，process“处理”符合语境。故选C。 7．句意：开放式聊天机器人能够从它们定期的对话中学习，并随着时间的推移提高沟通能力。根据“learn from their...conversations and improve their ability to communicate over time”可知，从日常的、定期的对话中学习，regular“定期的，常规的”符合语境。故选A。 8．句意：与它们聊天感觉更自然，但如果它们没有被训练过，用户可能会与它们有一次糟糕的体验。根据“if they have not been...users may have a bad experience with them”可知，聊天机器人需要被训练，train“训练”符合语境，此处为被动语态。故选E。 Choose the proper words or phrases to complete the following passage. Each can be used only once(选择最恰当的选项填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次) A Guide to Hosting a Virtual NBA Watch Party A．available  B．helpful  C． decide  D．helpless  E. note Are you planning to watch the NBA play-offs online with your friends but don’t know how to start? Don’t worry! Here are some 1 ideas to make your next virtual watch party fun and successful. Step 1: Choose Your Platform First, 2 which video sharing platform you want to use, such as Zoom, Skype, or Discord. It’s important that you and all your friends use the same one so everyone can connect easily. Step 2: Plan the Time and Invite Friends Next, choose a time when all your friends are 3 . Once you pick the time, send out invitations. Make sure to 4 who is coming so you know how many people to expect. A．screen  B．operate  C． fix  D．function  E. even Step 3: Test Everything Before the Game A day before the game, test the video sharing 5 with one of your friends. Check that your internet connection is stable, and that the sound and picture are clear. This way, you can 6 any problems before the party starts. Step 4: Create a Fun Atmosphere To make the party more exciting, ask your friends to wear their favourite team’s colours or jerseys (运动衣). During the game, everyone can show their snacks on 7 and eat together. Don’t forget to cheer loudly for your team! By following these simple steps, you and your friends can enjoy the game together 8 when you’re apart. Have a great time! 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．E 5．D 6．C 7．A 8．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了如何成功举办一场虚拟NBA观赛派对的步骤指南。 1．句意：这里有一些有用的想法，让你的下一次虚拟观赛派对有趣又成功。根据“Here are some ... ideas to make your next virtual watch party fun and successful.”及备选词汇可知，修饰名词“ideas”需用形容词，表达“有用的想法”才能让虚拟观赛派对有趣成功，“helpful”符合语境。故选B。 2．句意：首先，决定你想使用哪个视频分享平台，比如 Zoom、Skype 或 Discord。根据“First ... which video sharing platform you want to use, such as Zoom, Skype, or Discord.”及备选词汇可知，句子表达“决定使用哪个视频分享平台”，“decide”符合“选择平台”的动作逻辑。故选C。 3．句意：接下来，选择一个你所有朋友都有空的时间。根据“Next, choose a time when all your friends are ...”及备选词汇可知，句子表达“选择朋友们都有空的时间”，系动词“are”后需用形容词作表语，“available”符合“规划聚会时间”的语境需求。故选A。 4．句意：一定要记下谁会来，这样你就知道预计有多少人。根据“Make sure to ... who is coming so you know how many people to expect.”及备选词汇可知，句子表达“记下谁会来”，“note”符合“统计参会人数”的动作逻辑。“Make sure to do sth”结构中需用动词原形。故选E。 5．句意：比赛前一天，和你的一个朋友测试一下视频分享功能。根据“A day before the game, test the video sharing ... with one of your friends.”及备选词汇可知，句子表达“测试视频分享功能”，“video sharing”修饰名词，“function”符合“测试平台性能”的语境。故选D。 6．句意：这样，你可以在派对开始前解决任何问题。根据“This way, you can ... any problems before the party starts.”及备选词汇可知，句子表达“解决任何问题”，“fix”符合“赛前测试后处理问题”的逻辑，情态动词“can”后需用动词原形。故选C。 7．句意：比赛期间，每个人都可以在屏幕上展示自己的零食，一起吃。根据“During the game, everyone can show their snacks on ... and eat together.”及备选词汇可知，句子表达“在屏幕上展示零食”，介词“on”后需用名词，“screen”符合“虚拟派对展示物品” 的语境。故选A。 8．句意：通过遵循这些简单的步骤，即使你们不在一起，你和你的朋友也能一起享受比赛。根据“By following these simple steps, you and your friends can enjoy the game together ... when you’re apart.”及备选词汇可知，句子表达“即使分开也能一起享受比赛”，“even”符合让步语境的逻辑。故选E。 Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each word or phrase can only be used once (将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词或词组只能填一次) (A) A．record     B．wild     C． damaged     D．escape     E. safety Search and rescue operations are underway in the US to help people affected by dozens of huge wildfires. Large areas in California, Oregon and Washington—three states on the west coast of the country—have been badly 1 . Thousands of homes have been destroyed and more than 100,000 people have had to leave their homes for 2 . Around 35 people have died and many more are injured. The first blazes started in August. It is common for fires to happen in 3 and rural areas at this time of year in the US. It is known as “fire season” and happens between June and September. However, this year’s wildfires are some of the worst on 4 . Three of the blazes in California are now among the biggest in the states’ history. Once they started, strong winds caused the flames to spread quickly. (B) A．including     B．fuel     C． create     D．reach     E. accidentally There are several causes for the fires. Some were started 5 by people, and others were caused by lightning strikes or electrical equipment. Yet experts say the fires are particularly bad this year because of climate change. Climate change is the long-term change in world weather patterns, 6 rising temperatures. In recent years, California has experienced a drought (a long period of time without rain) and very hot temperatures. This month, a heatwave in California saw temperatures 7 49°C in Los Angeles County. This hot, dry weather creates ideal conditions for wildfires to spread. Another cause is the lack of forest management. This involves burning dead trees in a controlled way so that when a fire does start, there is less 8 for it to burn, and it can be more easily controlled. 【答案】1．C 2．E 3．B 4．A 5．E 6．A 7．D 8．B 【导语】本文主要报道了发生在美国西海岸三州的严重野火灾害，并阐述了其破坏性、成因与气候变化的密切关联。 1．句意：该国西海岸的三个州——加利福尼亚、俄勒冈和华盛顿——的大片地区遭受严重破坏。根据“have been badly…”可知，地区是被严重破坏，damaged“被损坏”，符合被动语态。故选C。 2．句意：超过10万人为了安全不得不离开家园。根据“have had to leave their homes for…”可知，人们离开家园是为了安全，safety“安全”。故选E。 3．句意：每年这个时候，美国的荒野和农村地区发生火灾是很常见的。根据“and rural areas”可知，空格处与“农村的”并列，形容地区，wild“野外的”，wild areas“荒野地区”。故选B。 4．句意：然而，今年的野火是有记录以来最严重的几次。根据“the worst on…”可知，是固定搭配on record“记录在案的，有记录以来”。故选A。 5．句意：有些是被人意外引起的。根据“by people”和上下文可知，有些火灾是偶然发生的，accidentally“意外地，偶然地”，修饰动词started。故选E。 6．句意：气候变化是世界天气模式的长期变化，包括气温上升。空格后“rising temperatures”是“long-term change”的一个例子，including“包括”用于引出所包含的内容。故选A。 7．句意：本月，加利福尼亚州的一场热浪使洛杉矶县的气温达到了49°C。根据“temperatures… 49°C”可知，气温达到了某个数值，reach“达到”。故选D。 8．句意：这需要以可控方式焚烧枯木，这样火灾发生时，可供燃烧的燃料会减少，火势也更容易控制。根据“for it to burn”可知，燃烧需要燃料，fuel“燃料”。故选B。 Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each word or phrase can only be used once (将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词或词组只能填一次)： A．praise  B．express  C． common  D．traditional  E. review Paper cutting dates back to the sixth century. Ancient Chinese women cut shapes from gold and silver foil (箔) to paste to their hair. Families later followed the action of putting paper cuttings on gates and windows on special days. Therefore, paper cutting is a/an 1 Chinese craft. In the past, people enlarged the topic they cut, so everything was bigger than the real size— bigger fish, bigger pepper, and bigger grain and so on. Ancient Chinese people put their hope to the paper cutting to 2 people’s creation to the nature and encourage people to keep going. Finally, red paper cuttings became a way to 3 happy feelings and well wishes. Nowadays, the cuttings of the “囍” character, which represent “double happiness,” are 4 at weddings in China. A special  B．citizens  C． fresh  D．extremely  E. opinion Chinese paper-cutting master Li Yunxia makes the craft look easy. She learned paper cutting from her mother and grandmother at the age of six. In Li’s 5 , “all you need are paper, scissors and a lot of skill.” Li was born in Shaanxi province, where paper cutting is still practiced and taught. Today, she teaches the ancient craft to 6 of every age. Thanks to many modern artists, paper cutting is given a/an 7 look in many different ways. Craftsman Rao makes paper-cutting portraits (肖像) at a market each summer vacation in Hangzhou, Zhejiang province. The paper-cutting art of couples is growing popular as it’s regarded as a 8 way to show love on Chinese Valentine’s Day, Qixi. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．E 6．B 7．C 8．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国传统艺术剪纸的历史、文化意义及其现代发展。 1．句意：因此，剪纸是中国的一项传统工艺。根据“Therefore, paper cutting is a/an ... Chinese craft.”及备选词汇可知，设空处修饰名词“craft”，需用形容词。“traditional”意为“传统的”，符合剪纸历史悠久的语境。故填D。 2．句意：古代中国人把希望寄托在剪纸上，以赞扬人们对自然的创造力，并鼓励人们继续前进。根据“Ancient Chinese people put their hope to the paper cutting to ... people’s creation to the nature and encourage people to keep going.”及备选词汇可知，设空处为动词，与“to”构成不定式表目的。“praise”意为“赞扬”，符合语境中对创造力的肯定。故选A。 3．句意：最后，红色剪纸成为表达幸福情感和美好祝愿的一种方式。根据“Finally, red paper cuttings became a way to ... happy feelings and well wishes.”及备选词汇可知，设空处为动词，与“to”构成不定式。“express”意为“表达”，符合表达情感的语境。故选B。 4．句意：如今，代表“双喜”的“囍”字剪纸在中国婚礼上很常见。根据“Nowadays, the cuttings of the ‘囍’ character, which, represent ‘double happiness,’ are ... at weddings in China.”及备选词汇可知，设空处作表语，需用形容词。“common”意为“常见的”，符合婚礼上的使用频率语境。故选C。 5．句意：在李看来，“你所需要的只是纸、剪刀和大量的技巧。”根据“In Li’s ... ‘all you need are paper, scissors and a lot of skill.’”及备选词汇可知，“in one’s opinion”为固定短语，意为“在某人看来”。设空处需填名词“opinion”。故选E。 6．句意：如今，她向各个年龄段的市民教授这门古老的工艺。根据“Today, she teaches the ancient craft to ... of every age.”及备选词汇可知，设空处作宾语，需用名词。“citizens”意为“市民”，符合传授对象的语境。故选B。 7．句意：多亏了许多现代艺术家，剪纸以许多不同的方式呈现出新颖的面貌。根据“Thanks to many modern artists, paper cutting is given a/an ... look in many different ways.”及备选词汇可知，设空处修饰名词“look”，需用形容词。“fresh”意为“新颖的”，符合现代艺术赋予的新形式语境。故选C。 8．句意：情侣剪纸艺术越来越受欢迎，因为它被视为在中国情人节七夕表达爱意的一种特别方式。根据“The paper-cutting art of couples is growing popular as it’s regarded as a ... way to show love on Chinese Valentine’s Day, Qixi.”及备选词汇可知，设空处修饰名词“way”，需用形容词。“special”意为“特别的”，符合表达独特爱意的语境。故选A。 Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box, each can only be used once (将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次). A．filled     B．against     C． desire     D．control     E. adventures The series of Diary of a Wimpy Kid, written by Jeff Kinney, have sold more than 150 million copies around the world. The leading character in the Diary of a Wimpy Kid series is Greg Heffley, a sixth-grade student. The writer describes Greg Heffley’s life in school and his 1 with his friends and family. Greg Heffley is kind, honest, intelligent, and loves to play. He has a head always 2 with creative ideas. He wants to become popular, which is a common dream for kids of his age. Greg Heffley keeps a diary in a notebook. Greg Heffley lives in an ordinary family with his parents and two brothers. His best friend is Rowley Jefferson. Because of his strong 3 to be cool, Greg Heffley is always trying some funny tasks. However, Greg often finds himself in the wrong place at the wrong time. Although it seems like everything is going 4 him, Greg is just an ordinary kid going through his troubled childhood years. A．set off     B．nervous     C． almost     D．actually     E. because of Jeff Kinney first came up with the idea for Diary of a Wimpy Kid in 1998, but it wasn’t until six years later that the comic was first published as an online comic which later turned to a book edition 5 its great popularity. Now Jeff has just released his ninth book called The Long Haul. This time, Greg and his family are going on holiday. As they 6 , a series of troubles comes along. They get caught in a traffic jam for a long time, and Dad becomes really 7 when crossing high bridges. Somehow, a seagull breaks into their car, flying around and looking for cheese! Why is this book so funny? The author writes about what 8 happens, or what will happen, during our family trips. The reason we laugh while reading these stories is that we see ourselves in these situations. 【答案】1．E 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．E 6．A 7．B 8．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了由杰夫·金尼创作的《小屁孩日记》系列在全球销量超过1.5亿册，并详细介绍了书中的主角格雷格·赫夫利以及他的日常生活和冒险经历。 1．句意：作者描述了Greg Heffley在学校的生活以及他和朋友、家人的冒险经历。根据“with his friends and family”及备选词可知，此处指和家人朋友的冒险经历，adventures“冒险”符合，故选E。 2．句意：他的脑袋里总是充满了有创意的想法。根据“with creative ideas”及备选词可知，此处用filled with表示“充满”，故选A。 3．句意：因为他强烈的想要变酷的愿望，Greg Heffley总是尝试一些有趣的任务。根据“Because of his strong”及备选词可知，此处指变酷的愿望，desire“愿望”符合，故选C。 4．句意：虽然看起来一切都不利于他，但Greg只是一个经历着困扰童年的普通孩子。根据“Greg often finds himself in the wrong place at the wrong time”可知，总是遇到错误的时间和地点，所以一切似乎都不利于他，against“反对，不利于”符合，故选B。 5．句意：Jeff Kinney在1998年首次提出了《小屁孩日记》的想法，但直到六年后，这部漫画才首次作为网络漫画出版，后来由于其广受欢迎，又出版了图书版。根据“its great popularity”及备选词可知，此处指因为受欢迎，所以出版了图书版，because of“因为”符合，故选E。 6．句意：当他们出发时，一系列麻烦接踵而至。根据“a series of troubles comes along”及备选词可知，此处指出发时遇到麻烦，set off“出发”符合，故选A。 7．句意：过高的桥时，爸爸变得很紧张。根据“when crossing high bridges”及备选词可知，过高的桥时会紧张，nervous“紧张的”符合，故选B。 8．句意：作者写的是在我们家庭旅行中实际发生的事情，或者将要发生的事情。根据“The author writes about what...happens, or what will happen”及备选词可知，此处指实际发生的事情，actually“实际上”符合，故选D。 A．tradition  B．similar  C． different  D．spread  E. introduced What is April Fools’ Day and where does it come from? It is commonly believed that in medieval (中世纪) France, New Year was celebrated on 1st April. Then in 1562, a new calendar was 1 , changing New Year to 1st January. With no modern communication, news travelled slowly and new ideas were often questioned. Many people did not hear of the change, while some just forgot. These people were called fools. People send invitations to ‘New Year’ parties that didn’t exist and other jokes were played. Then a 2 of having jokes on April 1st started. The custom finally 3 to England and Scotland, and it was later transported across the Atlantic to the American and the France. April Fools Day has now developed into an international festival of fun, with 4 nationalities celebrating the day in special ways. A．strangers  B．placed  C． experienced  D．catch  E. knowing In France and Italy, if someone plays a trick on you, you are the ‘fish of April’. By the month of April, fish have just hatched (孵化) and are easy to 5 . Children stick paper fish to their friends’ backs. In Scotland, April Fools’ Day lasts for two days! The second day is called ‘Taily Day’. Often a sign saying ‘kick me’ is stuck onto someone’s back without 6 . Today, Americans and the British play small tricks on friends and 7 on April 1st. A common trick is to point to a friend’s shoe and say “Your shoe is not tied.” When they look down, they are laughed at. School children might tell a friend that school has been cancelled. A bag of flour might be 8 on the top of a door so that when the ‘victim’ opens the door, the flour empties over their head. Most April Fool jokes are in good fun and not meant to harm anyone. The best trick is the one where everyone laughs, especially the person upon whom the joke has been played. 【答案】1．E 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．D 6．E 7．A 8．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲了愚人节的起源——源于中世纪法国历法改革后人们对未更改新年日期者的玩笑，以及其传播到英、美等地后，不同国家庆祝愚人节的特色方式，还提及如今愚人节玩笑多为善意。 1．句意：然后在1562年，一种新的日历被推行，将新年改为1月1日。结合“a new calendar was ...”和备选词汇可知，此处是指新日历被推行；“introduced”有“推行、引入”之意，且“be introduced”为被动语态，符合“a new calendar”被推行的语境。故填E。 2．句意：然后在4月1日开玩笑的传统就开始了。结合“a...of having jokes on April 1st started”和备选词汇可知，此处是指形成了在4月1日开玩笑的传统；“tradition”意为“传统”，a tradition of...“……的传统”，符合语境。故填A。 3．句意：这个习俗最终传播到了英格兰和苏格兰，后来又跨过大西洋传到了美国和法国。结合“The custom finally...to England and Scotland”和备选词汇可知，此处是指习俗传播到英格兰和苏格兰；“spread”有“传播”之意，且“spread”的过去式与原形一致，符合“习俗传播”的语境。故填D。 4．句意：现在愚人节已经发展成为一个国际性的欢乐节日，不同国家的人以特殊的方式庆祝这个节日。结合“with...nationalities celebrating the day”和备选词汇可知，此处是指不同国家的人庆祝这个节日；“different”意为“不同的”，修饰名词“nationalities”，符合“国际性节日”所涉及的“不同国家”的语境。故填C。 5．句意：到了四月份，鱼刚孵化出来，很容易被抓住。结合“fish have just hatched”和备选词汇可知，刚孵化的鱼通常更容易被抓住。故填D。 6．句意：通常会有人在不知情的情况下，在别人背上贴一个写着“踢我”的标牌。结合“a sign saying ‘kick me’ is stuck onto someone’s back”和备选词汇可知，这种恶作剧往往是在对方不知道的情况下进行的。故填E。 7．句意：如今，美国人和英国人会在4月1日对朋友和陌生人搞一些小恶作剧。结合“play small tricks on friends”和备选词汇可知，搞恶作剧的对象除了朋友，还可能包括陌生人。故填A。 8．句意：一袋面粉可能会被放在门的上方，这样当“受害者”开门时，面粉就会倒在他们头上。结合“so that when the ‘victim’ opens the door, the flour empties over their head”和备选词汇可知，要让面粉倒在人头上，需先将面粉袋放置在门上方。故填B。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 题型05 选词填空15篇 (上海专用) 【题型知识点细目表】 题号 难度 知识点 1 适中 叙事忆旧 2 适中 环境保护,志愿服务,叙事忆旧 3 较难 中华文化,说明文,文学名著 4 适中 意见/建议,教育,说明文 5 适中 身体部位,科普知识,说明文 6 适中 学习策略,说明文 7 适中 其他著名人物,记叙文 8 适中 事故,交通规则,说明文 9 适中 信息技术,发明与创造 10 适中 科学技术,说明文 11 适中 方法/策略,说明文 12 适中 自然灾害与防范,说明文 13 适中 传统工艺,说明文 14 较难 文学名著,说明文 15 适中 文化差异,假日活动,说明文 【中考真题】 Choose the proper words or phrase to complete the following passage. Each can be used only once（选择最恰当的选项填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次） A．cried out   B．moved  C． observe  D．over  E. return This was the last day of the camping trip. When afternoon activities were 1 , the kids couldn’t wait to play games in their tents. But Mr. Lin said to them, “Your last task here is to 2 the nighttime sky and describe what you see.” “Oh no!” All the kids 3 . “Is it fun looking at the sky at night?” asked Lucy. Mr. Lin smiled, “I hope you will find the answer yourself.” After dinner, the kids 4 their telescopes out of the tents. Amy looked at the moon and said to Lucy, “Do you know the moon’s light comes from the sun? It’s funny that it’s called moonlight.” “Yes,” said Lucy, still thinking about playing in the tent. A．attractive  B．excitedly  C． explorers  D．lonely  E. points Mr. Lin said to the kids, “See the stars in the sky? Those 5 of bright light can form shapes. Can you see the group of stars over there? It looks like a giant spoon. It’s the Big Dipper.” “Wow, interesting!” said Amy, who was looking through a telescope. “So many stars! I never knew the nighttime sky could be so 6 .” “Really? Let me have a look,” said Lucy. Lucy looked through the telescope for a while and shouted 7 , “A bright light is going fast in the sky!” “That’s a shooting star (流星)!” said Mr. Lin. “This is fun,” said Amy. “Tonight we have been the star 8 .” “Yes,” said Lucy. “I really enjoy looking at the stars now.” “So you’ve found the answer to your question, right?” Mr. Lin said to Lucy. 选择最恰当的选项填入空格，每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次 （A） A．award    B．pleased    C． litter    D．nature    E. tidy Last month. George and Sophie designed a community programme. After the activity, the community centre gave them a special 1 for what they had done. The idea came to them one day as they were walking home from school through the park. They noticed that there was a lot of 2 on the grass and by the lake. The park didn't look clean or 3 , so they decided to plan a community clean-up day. They asked local people to come and help clear away all the rubbish. People in the community were very 4 to hear about the plan as it could make a cleaner neighbourhood. （B） A．in all    B．chose    C． on holiday    D．delivered    E. breathed In order to make it convenient for people to join them, they 5 a Sunday for the activity. Then they contacted the community centre to ask for rubbish bags for the work. After that. they 6 posters to the houses near the park. They also put up some posters in their school. That day, more people came than expected-eighty-six volunteers 7 . Some were from the local community and others from the school. Even tourists came to help. One family was 8 in the area and they took part in the activity after seeing the posters. It was a successful day! 【热点话题练习】 A．perfectly    B．in peace    C． ties    D．securely    E. meaning These days, we see many Chinese fantasy (玄幻) and comic shows. We’re surprised by their 1 to our traditional culture. Names of the worlds and roles in these shows are good examples of this. They make the shows both fun and deep. Lost You Forever (《长相思》), a recent popular costume show, has created a world called dahuang, 2 wild areas. This term is from the Classic of Mountains and Seas, one of China’s oldest books about mythical stories. In the TV show, humans, monsters and fairies live together in the world of dahuang. It 3 shows the ancient ideas and stories seen in the Classic of Mountains and Seas. Ancient people believed that all lives had souls, and that they could live together 4 . A．protect    B．controlled    C． organization    D．discussion    E. present Traditional culture is also seen in the latest season of the cartoon show Fog Hill of Five Elements. It tells the story of people using the power from the five traditional elements to fight evil. The cultural importance it carries has started a heated 5 among people who have watched it. In the show, the three big monsters are named greed, anger and ignorance. These are the three poisons in Buddhism. The five families with the power of the five elements have to fight the three monsters to 6 the world. It shows the Buddhist idea that, for a happy life, the three poisons need to be 7 . Both cartoons and TV dramas now use modem technologies and new stories to 8 old traditions. They breathe new life into both Chinese culture and TV shows. Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each can only be used once (将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填一词，每个单词或词组只能填一次) A．usually   B．independent   C． seldom   D．right   E. responsible Housework has traditionally been thought as parents’ work. It is difficult for parents of nearly every family to teach their children to be 1 for housework, but with one of the following suggestions, you really can get your children to help at home. If you give your children the impression that they can never do anything quite 2 , then they will regard themselves as unfit or unable persons. Children will never become 3 , unless they believe they can succeed. My daughter’s teacher made every child in her class feel special. When students received less than a perfect score, she 4 laughed at them. She would point out what they had mastered and what they had missed. A．process   B．achieve   C． director   D．praise   E. complete You can use the same way to evaluate (评价) your child’s work at home. Don’t always scold (训斥). Give lots of 5 instead. Talk about what he has done right, not about what he hasn’t done. If your child can 6 a difficult task, promise him a Sunday trip or a ball game with Dad. Learning is a 7 of trying and failing and trying and succeeding. If you teach your children not to fear a mistake or failure, they will learn faster and 8 success at last. Don’t talk over their heads or talk down to them. Choose the proper words in the box to complete the following passage. Each can be used only once (选择最恰当的选项填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次) (每题只有一个正确选项) A．damage B．recognize C． organize D．machines E. opposite What makes humans and our animal relatives different? A big beautiful brain. Human brain power has invented things such as art, language, literature, 1 and music. The list goes on, but there is still much we don’t know about the brain. Just this month, scientists discovered that swimming in cold water could repair 2 to human brains. The brain has two connected parts called hemispheres (脑半球). Each one controls the 3 side of the body. The right hemisphere controls the left side of the body and helps you 4 faces, images and music. The left hemisphere controls the right side of the body and focuses on language, logical (逻辑的) thinking and maths.       A．action B．especially C． touch D．early E creative Our brain continues to develop into 5 adulthood. Babies learn quickly. In the first 18 months of life, they use their senses—hearing, sight, smell, taste and 6 to understand the world around them. Talking to and playing with babies helps their brains grow. Teenagers have brains that are full-sized but still under development, 7 the part at the front left of the brain. This part controls behaviour and decision-making. Sport, studying and 8 activities help us improve it. An adult brain can play, solve problems and make decisions better than a teenage one can. Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each can only be used once (将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次) A．remain   B．enjoyable   C． familiar   D．explain   E. wonder Learning can be exciting when you follow your curiosity! Scientists say curious students enjoy studying more. They can find ways to make school subjects more 1 . Here are four easy ways to start with. • Ask questions: Always ask “why” when learning something. If you study physics, 2 why light travels faster than sound. When learning Chinese, ask why Tang poems 3 so popular in modern China. Questions make learning more active and help you understand better. • Connect lessons to real life: Find how school subjects are part of your life. Math helps when you are shopping. English is useful when you travel abroad. Geography can 4 weather changes and the environment around us. When you find knowledge is practical, you’ll want to learn more. A．community   B．exciting   C． while   D．excited   E. memory • Turn learning into games: Make word cards to play 5 games. Put together a puzzle map to learn about the shapes of countries. Use apps or online tools to practice spelling and grammar. Learning by doing feels like play, not work. • Learn outside school: Join a 6 center to learn to play a new sport. Visit museums to see what life was like in the past. Going to a park or a zoo allows you to watch plants and animals carefully 7 learning about them. Different ways of learning keep your brain 8 . Start with one way today. You’ll find learning useful! You will also find it enjoyable. Remember, every subject becomes interesting when you’re curious about it. A．distance  B．control  C． according to  D．salary  E. except for Jane Goodall is a well-known scientist who loves animals, especially chimpanzees. When she was young, she went to Africa to study chimpanzees in the wild. She had no modern equipment at first, 1 some basic tools. She would sit quietly in the forest every day, waiting for the chimpanzees to get used to her. Many people told her to 2 the chimpanzees to make research easier, but she refused. She said studying animals needs patience-only by letting them be free could she learn the truth about their lives. She didn’t require a high 3 . She lived in a small tent far from cities, and the long 4 from her family made her feel lonely sometimes. But she kept going because she wanted to understand chimpanzees deeply. A．results  B．manage  C． mention  D．respect  E. depend on She found that chimpanzees use sticks to get bugs to eat and hug each other when they’re sad-facts that few people talked about before. When she wrote books or gave talks, she would always 5 these important findings to let more people know about chimpanzees. Her hard work brought good 6 ; more people started to care about protecting chimpanzees and stopping the destruction of their forest homes. Today, she is widely recognized as a great protector of animals, even by governments and big groups. Many organizations’ 7 her ideas to plan animal protection projects, like building safe areas for chimpanzees. Even in her old age, she still traveled around the world to tell kids about caring for nature. Jane Goodall shows us that if we love and 8 nature, we can make the world better for every living creature. Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each word can only be used once.(将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次。) A．active  B．trouble  C． According to  D．carefully  E. cause Every day, cars kill or hurt many people on roads. Sometimes the drivers drive too fast or do not drive 1 enough. Some of them break the traffic rules and cause accidents. 2 some researches, it is usually the pedestrians (行人) who 3 the accidents. A lot of road users are very careless. They walk or run across the roads in front of the cars. They walk in the roads but not on the walkways. They get into or out of cars in the middle of the road. Some do not take the 4 to wait for the green lights and simply cross the roads against the red lights. A．dangerous  B．probably  C． For example  D．strict  E. response Many people think accidents often happen on busy roads in large cities, but this is not always true. 5 , Tokyo is one of the world’s largest cities and 6 one of the busiest cities; however, there are few accidents to pedestrians. The reason is that the police there are very 7 and the pedestrians are very careful. Pedestrians never cross against a red light and they always follow traffic rules. Do you know alcohol (酒精) is another main cause of traffic accidents? It delays people’s 8 . Those who have drunk alcohol are slow in making decisions. They need a few more seconds to react (反应). Alcohol drinking is especially dangerous for motor car drivers. It is not only drivers who may have accidents after drinking, drunken pedestrians may put their lives in danger as well. 将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次。 A．saves        B．computer        C． evening        D．night        E. slower Are you able to send a letter with pictures and sounds to someone anywhere in the world without putting a stamp on it? With e-mail you can just do that. Using a 1 you can send e-mail quickly and easily. The post is much 2 than e-mail. E-mail is easy to use and it 3 time and money. The differences in time in different parts of the world do not matter when sending e-mail. It is twenty-four-hour service, so you can send e-mail at any time of the day or 4 . No one has to be there to receive e-mail. It doesn’t matter if your friends are in bed when you send e-mail to them, or you are seeing a film at the cinema when they send e-mail back. A．store        B．with        C． difficulty        D．happen to        E. instead of Oh, no, not again! I’ve forgotten my password again! We all have 5 remembering the passwords to unlock our electronic devices (电子设备). But, if you could take a pill that remembers all of your passwords, would you take it? Proteus Digital Health, a company from America came up with the idea to create such a powerful pill. It can 6 all of your passwords. So if you take the pill, you can open up your computers or smartphones 7 having to type in your passwords. How does it work? The pill has a small chip (芯片). It has all your passwords and works by the acid (酸) in your stomach. Then your smartphones or computers can read the passwords on the chip when you are near. So forgetting your passwords won’t 8 you in the future any longer. （A） A．exactly   B．recognize   C．common   D．services   E．simply CHATBOTS—What they do and why they matter Chatbots are changing the way customers contact businesses. Think about this, instead of clicking on a link on a company’s website, you could 1 type a question and get an immediate answer. Some companies are working to make this a reality using chatbots. Chatbots are computer programs that can 2 human languages, allowing them to communicate with people by phone, on apps, or on websites. Chatbots can look up information, answer 3 questions (FAQs) and collect information from users. They can be used to help users decide what they want to buy and to make appointments (预约). Businesses can also use them to control who can use certain 4 or information. （B） A．regular   B．ordered   C．process   D．types   E．trained There are two 5 of chatbots: open and closed. A closed chatbot mainly follows instructions to understand users’ messages and 6 their requests. An open chatbot uses AI both to tell what users want and to make responses. Open chatbots are able to learn from their 7 conversations and improve their ability to communicate over time. This means they can deal with more requests than closed chatbots. The open chatbot uses questions to guide users step-by-step to their real needs. Chatting with them feels more natural, but if they have not been 8 , users may have a bad experience with them. Choose the proper words or phrases to complete the following passage. Each can be used only once(选择最恰当的选项填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次) A Guide to Hosting a Virtual NBA Watch Party A．available  B．helpful  C． decide  D．helpless  E. note Are you planning to watch the NBA play-offs online with your friends but don’t know how to start? Don’t worry! Here are some 1 ideas to make your next virtual watch party fun and successful. Step 1: Choose Your Platform First, 2 which video sharing platform you want to use, such as Zoom, Skype, or Discord. It’s important that you and all your friends use the same one so everyone can connect easily. Step 2: Plan the Time and Invite Friends Next, choose a time when all your friends are 3 . Once you pick the time, send out invitations. Make sure to 4 who is coming so you know how many people to expect. A．screen  B．operate  C． fix  D．function  E. even Step 3: Test Everything Before the Game A day before the game, test the video sharing 5 with one of your friends. Check that your internet connection is stable, and that the sound and picture are clear. This way, you can 6 any problems before the party starts. Step 4: Create a Fun Atmosphere To make the party more exciting, ask your friends to wear their favourite team’s colours or jerseys (运动衣). During the game, everyone can show their snacks on 7 and eat together. Don’t forget to cheer loudly for your team! By following these simple steps, you and your friends can enjoy the game together 8 when you’re apart. Have a great time! Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each word or phrase can only be used once (将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词或词组只能填一次) (A) A．record     B．wild     C． damaged     D．escape     E. safety Search and rescue operations are underway in the US to help people affected by dozens of huge wildfires. Large areas in California, Oregon and Washington—three states on the west coast of the country—have been badly 1 . Thousands of homes have been destroyed and more than 100,000 people have had to leave their homes for 2 . Around 35 people have died and many more are injured. The first blazes started in August. It is common for fires to happen in 3 and rural areas at this time of year in the US. It is known as “fire season” and happens between June and September. However, this year’s wildfires are some of the worst on 4 . Three of the blazes in California are now among the biggest in the states’ history. Once they started, strong winds caused the flames to spread quickly. (B) A．including     B．fuel     C． create     D．reach     E. accidentally There are several causes for the fires. Some were started 5 by people, and others were caused by lightning strikes or electrical equipment. Yet experts say the fires are particularly bad this year because of climate change. Climate change is the long-term change in world weather patterns, 6 rising temperatures. In recent years, California has experienced a drought (a long period of time without rain) and very hot temperatures. This month, a heatwave in California saw temperatures 7 49°C in Los Angeles County. This hot, dry weather creates ideal conditions for wildfires to spread. Another cause is the lack of forest management. This involves burning dead trees in a controlled way so that when a fire does start, there is less 8 for it to burn, and it can be more easily controlled. Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each word or phrase can only be used once (将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词或词组只能填一次)： A．praise  B．express  C． common  D．traditional  E. review Paper cutting dates back to the sixth century. Ancient Chinese women cut shapes from gold and silver foil (箔) to paste to their hair. Families later followed the action of putting paper cuttings on gates and windows on special days. Therefore, paper cutting is a/an 1 Chinese craft. In the past, people enlarged the topic they cut, so everything was bigger than the real size— bigger fish, bigger pepper, and bigger grain and so on. Ancient Chinese people put their hope to the paper cutting to 2 people’s creation to the nature and encourage people to keep going. Finally, red paper cuttings became a way to 3 happy feelings and well wishes. Nowadays, the cuttings of the “囍” character, which represent “double happiness,” are 4 at weddings in China. A special  B．citizens  C． fresh  D．extremely  E. opinion Chinese paper-cutting master Li Yunxia makes the craft look easy. She learned paper cutting from her mother and grandmother at the age of six. In Li’s 5 , “all you need are paper, scissors and a lot of skill.” Li was born in Shaanxi province, where paper cutting is still practiced and taught. Today, she teaches the ancient craft to 6 of every age. Thanks to many modern artists, paper cutting is given a/an 7 look in many different ways. Craftsman Rao makes paper-cutting portraits (肖像) at a market each summer vacation in Hangzhou, Zhejiang province. The paper-cutting art of couples is growing popular as it’s regarded as a 8 way to show love on Chinese Valentine’s Day, Qixi. Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box, each can only be used once (将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次). A．filled     B．against     C． desire     D．control     E. adventures The series of Diary of a Wimpy Kid, written by Jeff Kinney, have sold more than 150 million copies around the world. The leading character in the Diary of a Wimpy Kid series is Greg Heffley, a sixth-grade student. The writer describes Greg Heffley’s life in school and his 1 with his friends and family. Greg Heffley is kind, honest, intelligent, and loves to play. He has a head always 2 with creative ideas. He wants to become popular, which is a common dream for kids of his age. Greg Heffley keeps a diary in a notebook. Greg Heffley lives in an ordinary family with his parents and two brothers. His best friend is Rowley Jefferson. Because of his strong 3 to be cool, Greg Heffley is always trying some funny tasks. However, Greg often finds himself in the wrong place at the wrong time. Although it seems like everything is going 4 him, Greg is just an ordinary kid going through his troubled childhood years. A．set off     B．nervous     C． almost     D．actually     E. because of Jeff Kinney first came up with the idea for Diary of a Wimpy Kid in 1998, but it wasn’t until six years later that the comic was first published as an online comic which later turned to a book edition 5 its great popularity. Now Jeff has just released his ninth book called The Long Haul. This time, Greg and his family are going on holiday. As they 6 , a series of troubles comes along. They get caught in a traffic jam for a long time, and Dad becomes really 7 when crossing high bridges. Somehow, a seagull breaks into their car, flying around and looking for cheese! Why is this book so funny? The author writes about what 8 happens, or what will happen, during our family trips. The reason we laugh while reading these stories is that we see ourselves in these situations. A．tradition  B．similar  C． different  D．spread  E. introduced What is April Fools’ Day and where does it come from? It is commonly believed that in medieval (中世纪) France, New Year was celebrated on 1st April. Then in 1562, a new calendar was 1 , changing New Year to 1st January. With no modern communication, news travelled slowly and new ideas were often questioned. Many people did not hear of the change, while some just forgot. These people were called fools. People send invitations to ‘New Year’ parties that didn’t exist and other jokes were played. Then a 2 of having jokes on April 1st started. The custom finally 3 to England and Scotland, and it was later transported across the Atlantic to the American and the France. April Fools Day has now developed into an international festival of fun, with 4 nationalities celebrating the day in special ways. A．strangers  B．placed  C． experienced  D．catch  E. knowing In France and Italy, if someone plays a trick on you, you are the ‘fish of April’. By the month of April, fish have just hatched (孵化) and are easy to 5 . Children stick paper fish to their friends’ backs. In Scotland, April Fools’ Day lasts for two days! The second day is called ‘Taily Day’. Often a sign saying ‘kick me’ is stuck onto someone’s back without 6 . Today, Americans and the British play small tricks on friends and 7 on April 1st. A common trick is to point to a friend’s shoe and say “Your shoe is not tied.” When they look down, they are laughed at. School children might tell a friend that school has been cancelled. A bag of flour might be 8 on the top of a door so that when the ‘victim’ opens the door, the flour empties over their head. Most April Fool jokes are in good fun and not meant to harm anyone. The best trick is the one where everyone laughs, especially the person upon whom the joke has been played. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $