主题七 自然生态-【一战成名新中考】2026中考英语·纯练版总复习·主题读写分层练

一战成名目 ★人与自然 主题七 自然生态 人本主题相关的词块、写作指导及练习见《主题写作提升练》P99 写作要点及优秀范文见《主题词句篇诵读)P51。 教材经典语篇达标练 Passage 1[选自新沪教七上Unit3] 主题读 Why do we have different seasons? As our planet moves around the Sun,the light from the Sun falls on the Earth from different 1. direction).This helps create the seasons.At different times of year,there is more 练 sunlight in some places,and less sunlight in others.More sunlight 2. (mean)longer days and warmer weather,and this is why we have spring and summer.It gets colder in autumn and winter 3. the days are shorter,and we get less light from the Sun. The seasons fall at different times of year around the world.China is north of the equator.Here,we experience summer 4. June to August.South of the equator,June,July and August are winter months.In Australia,it is summer from December to February,and Australians have 5. (they) spring when we have our autumn. The 6. hot)and the coldest parts of the world don't have four seasons.It is always hot in places close to the equator.These places are 7. (call)the tropics.Instead of our four seasons,many parts of the tropics have 8. rainy season and a dry season.Around the North and South Poles,there 9. be)only two seasons too:a very,very cold winter and a somewhat less cold summer. Passage2[选自新沪教七下Unit3] Our silent friends From the deepest forests to our towns and cities,trees are all around us.We share our world with trees.They are our silent friends,1. we often overlook them. In fact,trees are very important for all living things on Earth.To begin with,forests are a safe place for 2. (animal),insects and plants to live.Trees are also good for us humans because they take 3. greenhouse gases like CO2 and produce oxygen.This means they help create a clean environment for everyone on this planet. Trees make 4. (we)lives more convenient.Many of the things around us,such as paper and pencils,come from trees.Just look around your room-a lot of the furniture 5. (make)of wood.Trees also provide us with delicious fruit and 6. (wonder)drinks.For example,we can make tea from the leaves of the tea tree. Trees do so much for us.We can't imagine 7. world without them.However,humans are not treating trees in a kind way.We are 8. (cut)down forests all around the world.We are polluting the water and the air,and this harms trees.All these things are a big problem.We need to do more 9. protect)trees and save our planet. 102 主题读写分层练·英语 一战成名目 Passage3[选自沪教版八下Unit5] in hear two worry take when write worker a she Have you ever 1. of the song "The story of the red-crowned crane"?It is about a girl called Xu Xiujuan. Xiujuan was born 2. Zhalong,Heilongjiang Province in 1964.Her father's job was to look after red-crowned cranes.Xiujuan started helping her father 3. she was young.She soon showed a great love for these white birds.She became good at raising them. When Xiujuan was 21,she got a job at 4. nature reserve in Jiangsu Province.She 主 enjoyed taking care of the baby cranes.If a bird became sick,she 5. good care of it and 读 stayed with it every day until it was strong enough to fly again. In September 1987,one of the birds went missing.The 6. in the nature reserve looked 层 everywhere,but no one could find it.Xiujuan was very 7. She looked for it day and night for two days.On the 8. night,while she was looking for the missing bird,she fell into a river and died.She was only 23. Later,a song 9. in memory of Xiujuan.Though Xiujuan died young,people always remember 10. when they hear the song or see a red-crowned crane. 课外优质语篇提升练 Passage1[2025广西] 课标高频词句 One day,Mum and I found a nest()outside our house. 1 离开 The nest was about to fall,so Mum 1 it with an umbrella.We 2. 决定做某事 hoped it would be stable(稳固的)again.All of a sudden,the 属于 nest fell down.I 2 to catch it and found that inside the nest, 寻找 there was a baby bird.One of the bird's legs caught on a vine 一年g年中 ()And the bird was trying to get away from it.Without a 就… second thought,Mum and I decided to help the poor 3.We 健康状况 used scissors to cut away the vine and the baby bird was 4. 良好 After 5 all those things,we wondered whether the baby bird belonged to animals under protection.So we began to search for some 6 about the bird online.Half an hour later,we 7 found out that it really was.I called the animal protection team for 8.As soon as they arrived,they took a careful look at the bird and found it was hurt.Then they treated the bird with some medicine. After that,they put the nest back,9 it,and left. On the second day,I got up early to check on the bird.I saw the baby bird and its parents.The bird was in 10 condition again and was lively! 1.A.supported B.covered C.collected 2.A.sat down B.went away C.rushed up 3.A.bird B.cat C.butterfly 4.A.brave B.free C.healthy 5.A.doing B.watching C.preparing 主题读写分层练·英语 103 一战成名 6.A.music B.work C.information 7.A.quietly B.finally C.simply 8.A.help B.truth C.food 9.A.visited B.fixed C.washed 10.A.serious B.poor C.good ©拓展设问 d性格推断Which word best describes the writer? A.Smart. B.Caring. C.Brave. D.Honest. 读 Passage2[2025福建] 分 课标高频词句 1. 练 有影响；起作用 s 超过，多余 2. 关闭 6. 把…加到… 3 避免做某事 7. 去购物 好好照顾 8 代替：而不是 The earth is our home.There are some ways that you and your family can use to help the planet and make a difference. Take shorter showers.A 10-minute shower or a full bathtub()can ①Use less water.. waste a lot of water.Also,turn off the tap as you brush your teeth.Use less water in the garden and let the rain clean cars. Don't take more than you can eat.About one-third of food in some areas ②Avoid wasting food. is thrown out or wasted. Take good care of things you own and they will get a long life.If they ③Care and repair. break,try to repair them.If you can't repair them,call a repairman. Producing new goods will add CO,to the air. Use plastic and paper bags more than once.When you go shopping,use ④Use reusable bags. cloth bags instead of plastic bags. Use reusable cups instead of throwaway paper cups if necessary.If you ⑤Use fewer paper cups. use more paper cups,you will produce more rubbish. 1.What can you do to save water? A.Take shorter showers. B.Bathe in a full bathtub. C.Stop using the tap. D.Clean cars every day. 2.What should you do when something breaks? A.Throw it away. B.Repair it if possible. C.Produce new goods. D.Take good care of it. 3.What does the writer suggest? A.Using fewer paper cups. B.Using more plastic bags. C.Using throwaway paper cups. D.Using paper bags just once. 104 主题读写分层练·英语 一战成名目 4.d细节多选Which of the following is about reusing things? A.①④ B.①⑤ C.②③ D.④⑤ 5.文章出处In which section of a newspaper can you probably read the text? A.Culture. B.Health. C.Sports. D.Environment. 2拓展设问 What else do you do in your daily life to protect the environment? 主题 Passage3[2025河南改编] 课标高频词句 Sunshine does make people happier.Imagine how cheerful 写 精神状态良 分 you are when it clears up after long cold rainy days.Let's discover 层 好；心情愉悦 science behind sunlight. 3 为…做 Sunlight causes you to produce a chemical(化学物 准备 质)called serotonint(血清素).When you are exposed 3. 保持平衡 to sunlight,your body will make more serotonin.Higher 4 少于 levels of serotonin will keep you in good spirits.At night,when 同时 there is little or no light,your body produces another chemical- 6. 例如 melatonin(褪黑激素).It helps your body relax and will make you 事实上 feel tired,which can prepare you for a good night's sleep.You should keep a good balance between these two chemicals. However,for many people,it is hard to balance sunlight with darkness.People who stay indoors a lot may not get enough sunlight.The light in a house is usually about 100 times less than that outside on a sunny day.That's why it is believed that those people should get outside in the sunshine.They can get some exercise,enjoy the fresh air and be happy,all at the same time. There are places where it gets dark for a long time in the winter.People in those places are easier to get seasonal affective disorder(SAD).People with SAD usually go through bad experiences such as low energy and sadness.The most common treatment for those people is to sit under bright artificial( 工的)lights for some time. The roles that sunshine plays in people's life are more than those above.For example,your body produces Vitamin D(D)from sunlight,which is important for being healthy.In fact,there is more science about sunlight for you to discover.So next time,when you notice the sunshine on your shoulder,take a moment to think,"Why do we love sunshine?" 1.Which of the following can take the place of "are exposed to"in the text? A.stay in B.care about C.dream of D.depend on 2.What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A.What can help people to keep in good spirits. B.How light influences people through chemicals C.Why melatonin can help people relax for a sleep D.Which chemical is thought to be more important. 主题读写分层练·英语 105 一战成名 3.Which of the following is an opinion according to the text? A.There are places where it gets dark for a long time in the winter. B.People who stay indoors a lot should get outside in the sunshine. C.The light in a house is usually less than that outside on a sunny day. D.People's bodies produce something called Vitamin D from sunlight. 4.Jack is a person with SAD.How could he solve his problem according to the text? A.By staying indoors a lot. B.By taking in more fresh air. 主 C.By doing some exercise. D.By using man-made lights. 5.,写作意图Why is the sentence“Why do we love sunshine?”written in the last paragraph? 写 A.To encourage readers to learn more about sunlight. B.To advise readers to stay in houses for enough time. 练 C.To expect readers to realize the importance of Vitamin D. D.To invite readers to walk into nature to enjoy the fresh air. 2拓展设问 1.g文章出处Where does the passage probably come from? A.A storybook. B.A travel guide. C.A science magazine. D.A geography textbook. 2.开篇方式How does the writer start the passage? A.By giving an opinion. B.By asking a question. C.By giving an example. D.By telling a story. Passage4[2025山东烟台] 课标高频词句 If you are looking for houseplants that do not take up a lot of 寻找 space and are easy to grow,air plants might be the right choice. 2 占据（空 Instead of soil,these plants attach(themselves to things like 间、时间等)；开始从事（某项活 trees,rocks and buildings.1. Jessica Damiano,a 动) gardening writer,has experience in growing air plants and offers 3 在…前面 the following guidelines for people who want to grow them. 4. 阻止…做 Sunlight 某事 Air plants require bright,indirect light.So,they should be 5 对…有害 placed near an east-or west-facing window,but not directly in front 6. 确保 of it.2. 7. 作为…而 Watering 出名 In homes with average humidity()levels,put air plants in room-temperature water once a week for 30 to 60 minutes.3. After that,lightly shake the branches(枝干）of the plants. This step is necessary to prevent water from collecting on the leaves,which can be harmful to the plants. Feeding 4. It should be added to the water to achieve better results.Use about half the amount suggested by the fertilizer(肥料)makers.. 106 主题读写分层练·英语 一战成名目 Life cycle Air plants bloom()only once.The pink,purple or white flowers are a signal that the plants are nearing death.5. These can be separated into new plants once they grow to about one- third the size of the parent. A. Direct sunlight can burn the plant's leaves. B.Make sure you are fully meeting all the plant's needs C.They do not cause problems for the objects they grow on. D.However,air plants produce new branches,known as "kids". E.Air plants can be fed with any all-purpose houseplant fertilizer. F.In homes with drier air,this process can be repeated when needed. 主题读写分层练 ②拓展设问 文章出处In which section of a website can you most likely find the text? A.Politics. B.Business. C.Travel. D.Life. Passage5[2025广东佛山禅城区二模改编] activity also computer different from fun get help show when Gardening is popular around the world. 课标高频词句 This outdoor 1. brings us pleasant 提供某人 smelling flowers and fresh fruit.It helps us in Cardening 某物 2 many other ways as well. 远离 3 来自 For children,gardening is 2. It shows them how 4 要求某人做 interesting nature is and provides them with chances to stay 某事 outdoor and away from 3. televisions and cell phones. Gardening is 4. a good teacher.It teaches them where food comes 5. and the importance of protecting nature. Beyond that,gardening is good exercise.6. we garden,we must move around.All the movements,such as carrying and lifting,work small muscles()in the body.And we can even 8. enough exercise just by digging holes or pulling grass. In a study,researchers look at 2,800 people over 60 years old.They have studied their lifestyle and health for 16 years.The study 9. that gardening may help older people keep their minds clear because it requires them to do many repeated actions,like picking off dying flowers.These actions 10. them feel calm and focus better.They'll feel wonderful when plants in a garden look, smell,feel and taste good. 2拓展设问 C文章结构What is the structure of the passage? ① ③ ② ② A.②—④ B.①—② C.①-③ D.① ④ ③ ④ 主题读写分层练·英语 107 一战成名目 主题八环境保护 A本主题相关的词块、写作指导及练习见《主题写作提升练》P104: 写作要点及优秀范文见《主题词句篇诵读》P54。 教材经典语篇达标练 Passage1[选自新外研七上Unit5] Are you looking at me?Do you know me?I'm a dodo!You may think I'm just a character in Alice's Adventures in Wonderland.1. (actual),there used to be thousands of us-for real.But now 题读 you can only see us in 2. (museum). We 3. (live)on an island in the Indian Ocean.In the happy old days,there 4. (be)plenty of food to eat.All the other animals were 5. (friend).What a peaceful and safe 练 life! However,in 1598,humans arrived.They cut down the trees and our lovely forest was 6. go).They hunted us 7. we were slow and couldn't fly.What's more,their pigs,cats and dogs ate our eggs.As a result,we soon died 8. So today we are standing in museums around the world.When you see us,please remember our sad story.9. world is full of fantastic animals.Please try 10. you)best to help them. Make them as happy as a clam,not as dead as a dodo. Passage2[选自新沪教七上Grammar Review Unit4] There are many different kinds of pollution.Most people know 1. air pollution and water pollution,but nowadays,there 2.(be)also a lot of talk about plastic pollution. Every year,at least 8 million tons of plastic end up in the sea.Today,there are 3. (many)pieces of plastic floating around than there are stars in the Milky Way.In fact,there aren't any parts of the world's sea that aren't 4.(pollute)by plastic. Plastic pollution can be very 5.(harm).There are many kinds of sea animals that get ill or even die 6. they eat plastic. As you can see,plastic pollution is 7. serious problem.Are there any 8. way)to stop it?Well,we can try 9. clean)up the sea.In the long run,however,there is just one solution:we must use less plastic!Remember,there is only one Earth,so we have to try 10. (we)best to protect it. Passage3[选自新沪教七下Unit6] climate come if show they clear thousand start business off Earth Hour What is Earth Hour? On the last Saturday night of March every year,people around the world turn 1. lights off for one hour.They do this because they care about 2. change.They are trying 3. that small changes can make a great difference to our planet. How did it start? The World Wildlife Fund(WWF)4. Earth Hour in 2007,in Sydney,Australia.More than 2.2 million homes and 5. joined in.Even the lights at the Sydney Opera House were out for 108 主题读写分层练·英语一战成名目 a【解析】根据句意可知，它需要大量水冷却。a great deal of has used four...on the playground to follow students and record 大量，是固定搭配 how fast they run..”可知，安装了四台摄像机，备选词camera 8 easier【解析】根据空前的比较级修饰语“much”可知，此处 符合语境，数词four修饰可数名词复数。 用比较级形式easier。. 8 clearly【解析】根据“They can..see the top ten students on 9 writing【解析】根据句意可知，它们能解放人们，使其免于 the screen..”可知，他们可以在屏幕上清楚地看到排名前十的 做家务、写文章甚至拍电影。此处与“doing housework”和 学生，备选词clearly符合语境。 “making films”并列，用writing。 9way【解析】根据“That adds fun to running and makes 0to become【解析】此处考查make it possible for sb.todo students compete in an interesting.”可知，使学生们以一种有 sh.使某人有可能做某事 趣的方式展开竞争，备选词way符合语境，an修饰可数名词 【拓展设问】 单数。 I think that people's quality of life will improve a lot with the 10future【解析】根据“hat other exciting technologies could development of technology,and we should deeply realize that be part of our life in the”可知，此处是介词短语in the technology is a tool which we need to control to serve us. future“在未来” 性试题，答案不唯一，言之有理即可) 【拓展设问】 主 Passage 6 Nowadays,it is very common for us to use AI in our daily life. 题 【课标高频词句】 We can use AI tools to solve many problems and deal with our 读 1.use sth.to do sth.2.as soon as 3.pick up work.A smartphone is a convenient tool which can help us 写 4.at the same time 5.help sb.to)do sth. order food.buy clothes or do something else.(开放性试题，答 分 6.develop good living habits 案不唯一，言之有理即可) 【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了科技给学校带 Passage 7 练 来的一些变化。 【课标高频词句】 1 great【解析】根据“Technologies have brought.changes to 1.see sb.doing sth.2.take part in 3.have to 4.no longer our1ife.”可知，科技给我们的生活带来了巨大的变化，备选词 5.win the first 6.deal with the challenges great符合语境，作定语修饰其后的名词。 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界上首次人 ☑found【解析】根据“changes can also be.…in your school”可 形机器人半程马拉松在北京举行，展示了机器人在完成21公里 知，在学校里也能发现各种变化，备选词find符合语境，此处 比赛中的表现，以及这一事件对未来机器人行业发展和技术进 用于被动语态结构中，使用动词的过去分词。 步的重要意义 3ush【解析】根据“we don't have to.to the canteen(食堂) Different.【解析】根据“and their running styles were quite as soon as the bell rings'”可知，铃声一响，我们不必立刻冲向 different'”可知，机器人的跑步风格是不同的。 食堂，备选词rush符合语境，have to do sth.“不得不做某事”。 2 Guides,operators and engineers.【解析】根据“Each robot ④by【解析】根据“they pick up meals.using facial recognition was supported by a team of human guides,.operators(操作员) (人脸识别)technology'”可知，通过人脸识别技术来领餐，备 and engineers..”可知，每个机器人都由一组人类引导员、操作 选词by符合语境。 员和工程师支持。 5offers【解析】根据“The smart canteen..students enjoyable 3Six/6.【解析】根据“There were20 teams in the race and si experiences."可知，智能食堂为学生们提供了愉快的用餐体 of them made it to the end.”可知，有20支队伍参赛，其中6支 验，备选词offer符合语境，时态是一般现在时，主语是第三人 队伍的机器人完成了比赛 称单数，动词用单三形式。 ④Robots could do real-.-life tasks.【解析】根据“the event 6 delicious【解析】根据“Besides providing..food,the smart proved that they could do real-life tasks”可知，这次活动证明了 school also tries to help students develop good living habits." 机器人们能够完成现实生活中的任务。 知，提供美味的食物，备选词delicious符合语境，作定语修饰 5 Doing dangerous work.(开放性试题，答案不唯一，言之有理 其后的名词 即可) ☑cameras【解析】根据“Recently,a middle school in Chongqing 人与自然 主题七 自然生态 教材经典语篇达标练 A【解析】根据“The nest was about to fall,.so Mum.it with Passage 1 an umbrella.”可知，妈妈用伞支撑着快要掉落的鸟巢。 1.directions 2.means 3.because 4.from 5.their 2C【解析】根据“All of a sudden,the nest fell down.”可知，鸟 6.hottest 7.called 8.a 9.are 巢突然掉落，所以作者冲上去接住鸟巢。 25 Passage 2 3A【解析】根据“One of the bird's legs caught on a vine(藤) 1.but 2.animals 3.in 4.our 5.is made 6.wonderful And the bird was trying to get away from it.”可知，小鸟的腿被 藤蔓缠住，作者和妈妈打算救助这只可怜的小鸟」 7.a 8.cutting 9.to protect Passage 3 ④B【解析】根据“One of the bird's legs caught on a vine(藤).” 1.heard 2.in 3.when 4.a 5.took 6.workers 可知，小鸟的腿被藤蔓缠住了，用剪刀剪掉藤蔓后，小鸟就自 由了 7.worried 8.second 9.was written 10.her A【解析】根据上文可知，作者和妈妈用伞支撑鸟巢，用剪刀 课外优质语篇提升练 剪掉藤蔓救助小鸟，此处表示“做”完那些所有事情后…。 Passage 1 石C【解析】根据“search for some.about the bird online'”可 【课标高频词句】 知，此处指在网上搜索这只鸟的相关信息。 1.get away from 2.decide to do sth.3.belong to ☑B【解析】根据“So we began to search for some..about the 4.search for 5.as soon as 6.in good condition bird online.Half an hour later,we...found out that it really 【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和妈妈救助 w阳s.”可知，作者和妈妈在网上搜索这只鸟是否属于保护动 只被困的小鸟，最终使其恢复健康的故事。 物，搜索了半个小时之后最终发现是真的。 参考答案与重难题解析·英语 25 一战成名目 8A【解析】根据“I called the animal protection team for..As the sunshine on your shoulder,take a moment to think,'Why soon as they arrived,they took a careful look at the bird and found do we love sunshine?'”可知，所以下次当你看到阳光洒在你 it was hurt.”可知，作者给动物保护小组打电话寻求“帮助”。 的肩头时，就花点时间思考一下：“我们为什么喜欢阳光？” 9B【解析】根据“After that,.they put the nest back,.it”可知 由此可推断，作者是为了鼓励读者多了解阳光。 此处指动物保护小组的工作人员帮助“固定”了鸟巢。 【拓展设问】 10C【解析】根据“and was lively”可知，小鸟变得活泼，恢复 口C【解析】文章出处题。本文主要介绍了阳光对于人们的影 了良好的状态。 响，属于科学研究范畴，所以最可能来自于科学杂志。 【拓展设问】 ☑A【解析】开篇方式题。根据文章开头“Sunshine does make B【解析】性格推断题。根据“One of the bird's legs caught on a people happier.Imagine how cheerful you are when it clears up vine().And the bird was trying to get away from it.Without a after long cold rainy days..”可知，本文以提出“阳光确实能让 second thought,,Mum and I decided to help the poor..”可知，作者 人更加愉悦。”这一观点开篇。 和妈妈看到小鸟被困之后，毫不犹豫地帮助它，Caring“有同情心 Passage 4 的：体贴的”符合题意 【课标高频词句】 主 Passage 2 1.look for 2.take up 3.in front of 【课标高频词句】 4.prevent...from doing sth.5.be harmful to 6.make sure 读 1.make a difference 2.turn off 3.avoid doing sth. 7.(be）known as 写 4.take good care of 5.more than 6.add...to... 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了空气植物的护理 分 7.go shopping 8.instead of 包括光照、浇水、施肥和生命周期」 层 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了有关保护地球的 IC【解析】根据“Instead of soil,these plants attach(缠绕) 练 方法。 themselves to things like trees,rocks and buildings.”可知，此处 IA【解析】细节理解题。根据“Take shorter showers.AI0 谈论的是空气植物依附在其他物体上生长，C项“它们不会 minute shower or a full bathtub(浴缸)can waste a lot of water.” 对它们附着的物体造成问题。”符合语境。 可知，快速洗浴可以节约用水 2A【解析】根据“So,they should be placed near an east-or 2B【解析】细节理解题。根据“If they break,try to repair west-facing window,but not direct山y in front of it.”可知，此处说 them.”可知，如果东西坏了，要尽量修一下。 的是避免直接放在窗前的原因，A项“阳光直射会灼伤植物 ③A【解析】细节理解题。根据“Use reusable cups instead of 的叶子。”符合语境。 throwaway paper cups if necessary.”可知，作者建议用可重复 ☒F【解析】根据“In homes with average humidity(湿度) 使用的杯子，少用纸杯 levels,put air plants in room-temperature water once a week for 4D【解析】细节多选题。5个建议中“Use reusable bags.”和 30to60 minutes.”可知，本段谈论在不同湿度的房间中，如何 “Use fewer paper cups..”是有关再利用的。 照顾空气植物，F项“在空气更加干燥的家中，这个过程可以 5D【解析】文章出处题。根据“The earth is our home.There 在需要时重复。”符合语境。 4E【解析】根据小标题“Feeding”可知，本段介绍施肥方法 are some ways that you and your family can use to help the planet and make a difference..”可知，文章有关环保，最可能在“环 E项“空气植物可以用任何通用的室内植物肥料喂养。”符合 境”版块找到 语境 【拓展设问】 5D【解析】根据“These can be separated into new plants once I usually go to school by bike instead of taking a taxi./I always they grow to about one-third the size of the parent..”可知，新分 turn off the lights when I leave my room./I often plant trees 支可以分离成新的植株。D项“然而，空气植物产生新的分 with my friends in my spare time.(开放性试题，答案不唯一，言 支，被称为‘孩子’。”符合语境。 【拓展设问】 之有理即可) D【解析】文章出处题。本文介绍了空气植物的护理，包括光 Passage 3 照、浇水、施肥和生命周期，这些内容与日常生活紧密相关，因此 【课标高频词句】 最有可能在网站的“生活”部分找到这篇文章。 1.in good spirits 2.prepare...for...3.keep a balance Passage 5 4.less than 5.at the same time 6.such as/for example (课标高频词句】 7.in fact 1.provide sb.with sth.(provide sth.for sb.) 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了阳光对于人们 2.stay away from 3.come from 4.require sb.to do sth. 的影响 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了园艺在世界范 IA【解析】词义猜测题。根据“Sunlight causes you to produce 围内很受欢迎，并且在很多方面对人们有益。 a chemical(化学物质)called serotonin(血清素).When you activity【解析】根据Gardening及outdoor可知，此处指的是 are exposed to sunlight,your body will make more serotonin. 26 园艺这种户外活动，备选词activity符合语境，且根据This和 可知，阳光会促使你体内产生一种名为血清索的化学物质。 brings可知，用单数形式 当你暴露在阳光下时，你的身体会分泌出更多的血清素 ☑fum【解析】根据“It shows them how interesting nature is'”可 are exposed to”表示“暴露于”，与“stay in”语意相近。 知，园艺对孩子们来说是有趣的，备选词fn符合语境， 2B【解析】段落大意题。通读第二段内容可知，本段主要介 3 computers【解析】根据“televisions and cell phones”可知，此 绍光是如何通过化学物质影响人的。 处应是与电视、手机同类的电子产品，备选词computer符合 3B【解析】观点事实题。根据“That's why it is believed that 语境，根据语境可知，此处应用其复数形式。 those people should get outside in the sunshine.”可知，这就是 ④aso【解析】根据“For children,gardening is..”以及前文讲 为什么人们认为那些人应该到户外去晒晒太阳。对应B选 述的园艺的好处可知，此处表示园艺也是一位好老师，备选 项是观点，其他三项是事实。 词also符合语境。 4D【解析】细节理解题。根据“People with SAD usual山yo 5from【解析】根据“where food comes'”可知，此处表示食物来 through bad experiences..lights for some time.”可知，对于这 自哪里，come from来自。 类患者，最常见的治疗方法是坐在明亮的人造灯光下一段 石When【解析】根据“we garden”及“we must move around'可 时间。 知，此处指当“我们”进行园艺活动的时候，备选词when符合 5A【解析】写作意图题。根据“So next time,when you notice 语境，注意句首单词首字母需大写。 26 参考答案与重难题解析·英语 一战成名目 ☑different【解析】根据“such as carrying and lifting”可知，此 focus better”可知，此处指这些动作帮助他们感到平静、注意 处指不同的动作，备选词different符合语境， 力更集中，备选词help符合语境，主语These actions是复数 8get【解析】根据“enough exercise”可知，此处指获得足够的 时态是一般现在时，谓语动词用原形。 运动量，备选词get符合语境，情态动词can后接动词原形。 【拓展设问】 shows【解析】根据“The study”及“that gardening may help C【解析】文章结构题。通读文章可知，第一段先说明园艺很 older people keep their minds clear”可知，此处指研究表明，备 受欢迎，总领全文，提出园艺有多种益处：第二、三、四段具体阐 选词show符合语境，主语The study是第三人称单数，时态是 述园艺的好处，是对第一段内容的展开和细化，所以文章为总一 一般现在时，谓语动词用单三形式。 分结构。 0help【解析】根据“These actions'”以及“them feel calm and 主题八 环境保护 教材经典语篇达标练 enough cotton to make one'”可知，此处指的是制造一件T恤 Passage 1 需要种植足够的棉花，而棉花消耗2700升水。 1.Actually 2.museums 3.lived 4.was 5.friendly 4B【解析】根据“we are polluting their water and people are 主 6.gone 7.because 8.out 9.The 10.your getting'”可知，污染水会使人生病。 题 Passage 2 LA【解析】根据“Without your help,my voice..be heard.” 读 1.about 2.is 3.more 4.polluted 5.harmful 可知，此处指的是没有你的帮助，“我”的声音不会被听到。 6.because/as/since/after 7.a 8.ways 9.to clean 10.our 【拓展设问】 分 Passage 3 □D【解析】情绪推断题。根据“However,there are many 层 1.their 2.climate 3.to show 4.started 5.businesses clothing factories pouring...waste into it.This greatly does harm 练 6.thousands 7.clearer 8.off 9.comes 10.if to the people who..the river..”可知，许多服装厂往芝塔龙河 课外优质语篇提升练 里倾倒垃圾，污染河流环境，所以可推知居住在附近的人们 会感到担忧。 Passage 1 【课标高频词句】 2A【解析】写作手法题。文章第三段讲述了非洲加纳的沙滩 1.keep on doing sth.2.throw away 3.give away 遍布衣物废弃物，第四段讲述了印度尼西亚的芝塔龙河被当 4.make an effort 5.be covered with...6.millions of 地服装厂所倾倒的垃圾严重污染，第五段讲述了由于咸海的 7.pour...into...8.do harm to 9.as well as 海水多年来被用于种植棉花，如今咸海几乎消失不见：由此 10.be used to do sth. 可知，作者是通过展示一些事实来证明时尚行业是第二大污 【主旨大意】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了时尚产业是第 染行业。 二大污染行业，人们频繁购买新衣后又快速丢弃，导致大量服装 Passage 2 垃圾污染环境，作者呼吁更多人关注这一问题。 【课标高频词句】 B【解析】根据“they are worn only a few times'”可知，指的是 1.(be)made from 2.pass by 3.notice sb.doing sth. 衣服被穿过几次之后就被扔掉或捐给慈善商店 4.with one's help 5.wait for 6.at first 7.give up 2A【解析】根据“clothing pollution is destroying our planet”可 8.care for 知，此处是宾语从句，指的是服装污染对我们的星球造成了 【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了莎拉通过卖手 多么大的破坏，应用how much,表示程度。 工工艺品来为社区购买小树苗，为鸟类提供更多的休息场所。 3C【解析】根据“I know I can't request people to think in the. ID【解析】细节理解题。根据“Mom,what if we sel way as I do'”可知，此处指的是和“我”想的一样，the same as handmade crafts?”可知，莎拉卖手工工艺品来赚钱。 和…一样 ☑A【解析】情绪变化题。根据“At first,no one came.Sarah ④B【解析】根据“Dear editor”可知，这是一封信件。 felt down,but she didn't give up.""This year,Sarah shared 5A【解析】根据“the beaches of an African country-一Ghana, her story at a local community event.Making a greener are badly polluted now'”可知，海滩现在受到了严重污染，这是 community is important',she said proudly.”可知，起初设有人 令人悲伤的事情。 来，萨拉感到很沮丧。后来骄傲地分享自己的故事 6C【解析】根据“millions of clothes from all over the world are. 3D【解析】推理判断题。根据“If everyone helps a little,we to secondhand clothing markets'”可知，此处指的是衣服被运往 can make our life better.”可知，如果每个人都尽自己的一份 二手服装市场，be sent to被送到。 力，我们就能让生活变得更美好。选项D“小小的行动也能 ☑B【解析】根据“so there's not enough space for landfills(垃圾 产生重大影响。”符合题意。 填埋场)”可知，此处指的是城市靠近大海，没有足够的空间 4B【解析】性格推断题。根据文章内容可知，莎拉想到用废 来建造垃圾填埋场。 旧品制作手工工艺品卖钱，说明她很有创意：她投身环保工 8A【解析】根据“This is.a lot of clothing waste ends up on 作，说明她乐于助人。 he beach.”可知，此处是解释为什么很多衣服垃圾最终出现 5C【解析】标题归纳题。本文主要讲述了莎拉通过卖手工工 在海滩上，应用why引导表语从句。 艺品来为社区购买小树苗，为鸟类提供更多的休息场所。选 9B【解析】根据“water for millions of people'”可知，此处指的 项C“一个女孩的环保计划”符合主题。 是河流为数百万人提供水源，provide sth.for sb.为某人提供 【拓展设问】 某物。 B【解析】写作手法题。根据“Two years ago..One afternoon.… IOA【解析】根据“including drinking water,as it is the only Later..Now..This year”可知，本文是按照时间顺序来展开叙 water they can use”可知，此处指的是几乎用它来做任何 述的。 事情。 Passage 3 四C【解析】此处指的是服装厂将他们的废水倒入其中，应用 【课标高频词句】 their。 1.try to do sth.2.so...that...3.be(not)allowed to do sth. ☑A【解析】根据“Lots of people use it for almost”可知，人们 4.not...any more 依赖这条河 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了减少塑料污染 3C【解析】根据“It takes2,7O0 liters(升)water to grow 的五个实用建议。 参考答案与重难题解析·英语 27