Unit 6 At one with nature单元话题阅读理解练习-2025-2026学年高一英语外研版必修第一册

Unit 6 At one with nature 单元话题阅读理解 Unit 6 At one with nature单元话题：自然 本资料共10篇专题训练，从上到下依次按照难度分为基础语篇巩固练和重难语篇提升练 基础语篇巩固练 Island Nations of Asia An island country is a nation that is made up of one or more islands, or land that is surrounded completely by water. There are some such island countries in Asia. Brunei Size: 5,765 square kilometres Population: 433,285 The Nation of Brunei, Abode of Peace — its official name — is a rich Muslim-ruled royal state on the north coast of Borneo in coastal Southeast Asia. It has 161 kilometres of coastline along the South China Sea, shares a 381-kilometre border with Malaysia. Most of Brunei lies within the Borneo lowland rainforests area. Philippines Size: 300,000 square kilometres Population: 108.1 million The Philippines has large parts of a partly flooded mountain chain. Made up of over 7,000 islands, it is the world’s fifth largest island country, and its 36,289-kilometre coastline makes it the country with the fifth longest coastline globally. Maldives Size: 298 square kilometres Population: 530,953 As the smallest country in Asia, the Maldives is a tropical archipelago (群岛) in the Indian Ocean, made up of 1,190 low-lying coral islands. However, rising sea levels, expected by the World Bank to increase by 10 to 100 centimetres by 2100, could eventually cover the entire country, threatening people’s lives.Sri Lanka Size: 65,610 square kilometres Population: 21.4 million Sri Lanka, once called Ceylon, is an island nation in the Indian Ocean, which is in a strategic spot near major Indian Ocean sea lanes. It’s the 25th largest island in the world by area. There used to be a land connection to the Indian mainland, and most of it is now underwater. 1．What can we learn about the Philippines? A．It has more than 7,000 islands. B．It is the smallest country in Asia. C．It has a land connection to the Indian mainland. D．Its existence is threatened by rising sea levels. 2．Which of the four countries has the smallest population? A．Brunei. B．Philippines. C．Maldives. D．Sri Lanka. 3．Where is the text probably taken from? A．A news report. B．A travel brochure. C．A research paper. D．A geography magazine. Let’s take a look at some of the world’s unspoilt places that are beautiful because they have been left untouched, and remember the importance of keeping them pristine (原貌的). Nunavut, Canada Auyuittuq National Park, which means “the land that never melts (融化), is just one of the shocking wonders in Nunavut. There are many icefalls, mountains, and deep valleys while hikers cross the 60m Akshayuk Pass in the summer. And that’s just one attraction. From narrow seas to mountains, there are three areas in Nunavut, all with beautiful natural land feature. Visitors can hunt, fish, mountain hike, and walk across ice flows. Namib Desert, Namibia A coastal desert in the southern area of Africa, it is known for its burnt orange-golden sands. The Namib has been dry for at least 55 million years and possibly as many as 80 million. The name means “vast space”, and it spreads more than 1200 miles. The hill of sands can reach up to 980 feet high and 20 miles long. Amazingly, the temperatures striking against cold currents create a fog belt that often covers the desert. Antarctica Perhaps the last unspoilt place, Antarctica is an empty landscape. No trees grow here, and one must travel with a tourism company in order to visit. Admire icebergs, sea lions, whales, and listen to the sound of absolutely nothing. Fiordland, New Zealand One of the most shocking areas of New Zealand, Fiordland can be seen on foot, by air, or by water. The Milford Track is one of the most famous walks, with the tallest waterfall in the country and impressive valley views. Lake Monowai is a glassy, mirrorlike body of water surrounded by mountains and best explored by boating on a still day. 1．In which place are hunting and fishing available for visitors? A．Nunavut. B．Namib Desert. C．Antarctic. D．Fiordland. 2．What is Namib Desert famous for? A．Ice flows. B．Burnt sands. C．High hills. D．Valley views. 3．Which word can best describe all the four places? A．Unknown. B．Unreachable. C．Unmelted. D．Undamaged. Yuntai Mountain is situated in Xiuwu County, about 30 kilometers from Jiaozuo City, Henan Province. It was among the first group of global geoparks to receive the title of UNESCO Global Geopark in 2004. The scenery of Yuntai Mountain change with the seasons. In spring, the mountain is decorated by wild flowers and green grasses. In summer, the luxuriant virgin forests and beautiful waterfalls make it an excellent resort. In autumn, leaves turn fiery red and the mountain looks like a colorful coat. ★Seen from a distance, the 314-meter-high Yuntai Waterfall, one of China’s most spectacular waterfalls, looks like a pillar connecting the sky and earth. In winter, snow turns the mountain into a white world of ice waterfalls, ice pillars and snow-capped evergreens. Yuntai Mountain has long been recognized as a popular tourist resort throughout history. The Han emperor Xiandi established his summer resort and mausoleum here. It served as the retreat of the “Seven Sages of the Bamboo Grove” during the Wei and Jin dynasties. In the Tang Dynasty, Sun Simiao, revered as the “King of Medicine”, often collected herbs and made traditional Chinese medicines here. Many famous visitors in history left their stone inscriptions and steles here, enriching its cultural value. Zhuyu Peak, the highest point of Yuntai Mountain, stands at about 1,308 meters above sea level. The great poet of the Tang Dynasty, Wang Wei, wrote the famous poem with the line “On holiday occasions, all the more I miss my kin far away” on Zhuyu Peak. After climbing thousands of steps and traversing cliffside plank roads to the summit, visitors can see the Taihang Mountains to the north, the vast plain to the south and the ribbon-like Yellow River. In a word, the scenery is magnificent from this peak, making people deeply feel the poetic imagery of this line “From Zhuyu’s summit, all other peaks appear dwarfed”, written by Du Fu, the “Poet Saint” of the Tang Dynasty. 1．What can we infer from the second paragraph? A．Autumn is the best season to visit Yuntai Mountain. B．Yuntai Mountain is attractive to tourists all year round. C．Yuntai Mountain is covered with green forests all the year. D．Yuntai Waterfall is a must-see site throughout the year. 2．How does the author highlight the popularity of Yuntai Mountain in history? A．By mentioning some historical figures. B．By quoting a few famous poetic works. C．By presenting related legendary stories. D．By telling events in different dynasties. 3．What can best describe the view seen from the Zhuyu Peak? A．Imaginary. B．Picturesque. C．Mysterious. D．Breathtaking. 4．What can be the best title for the text? A．History of Yuntai Mountain B．Introduction of Yuntai Mountain C．Poems About Yuntai Mountain D．Time to Visit Yuntai Mountain Since the Apollo missions began, space programs have offered a unique perspective on our home planet. Its most fascinating legacy may have been, not visiting the moon—the barren world that is our planetary companion, but giving us a view of the bounteous (富饶的) world that is our home. The Apollo missions, which concluded in 1972, occurred alongside the birth of the modern environmental movement—the founding of Friends of the Earth in 1969 and Greenpeace in 1971, the first Earth Day in 1970, among other important events—and the sight of Earth from space offered inspiration and motivation. When Apollo 8 astronaut William Anders snapped a photograph of Earth, partially in shadow, rising above the moon’s surface in 1968, he provided the clearest image yet seen of our world and its fragility (脆弱) in space. Many years later, photographer Galen Rowell described “Earthrise” as “the most influential environmental photograph ever taken.” “Earthrise” was followed by “Blue Marble”, a view of the Earth taken from the Apollo 17 spacecraft in 1972. That was the last of the Apollo moon missions, but NASA’s space exploration continued to take longing glances back toward their home world. In 1989, NASA formalized a Mission to Planet Earth, in which examining the third planet from the sun was no longer incidental to its work but central to it. In the three decades since then, the agency’s Earth Science program observation has expanded along with both the technological ability and the growing necessity to do so. NASA and partners such as the European Space Agency (ESA) have compiled an ever-growing image library of our own planet. The images reveal how Earth is transformed by land use, human activities, weather phenomena and climate changes. The thousands upon thousands of images reveal moments in time and seemingly timeless vistas, of our world up close and from afar. As Anders himself observed, 50 years after his first “Earthrise” image was released, “We set out to explore the moon, and instead discovered the Earth.” 1．What is viewed as the biggest achievement of the Apollo missions? A．Landing humans on the moon for the first time. B．Showing the Earth’s beauty and fragile nature. C．Inspiring mankind’s desire for more spacewalks. D．Making technological advances in space exploration. 2．What does the “Earthrise” photo symbolize according to the text? A．The end of the Apollo moon missions. B．The limitations of early space photography. C．The urgency of protecting Earth’s environment. D．The change of NASA’s focus on studying Earth. 3．What was the chief goal of NASA’s Mission to Planet Earth? A．To establish partnerships with ESA． B．To explore new planets in the solar system. C．To develop advanced spacecraft technology. D．To study Earth’s environment and changes. 4．Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A．The Changing View of Earth from Space: Photos & Images B．The Impact of Space Exploration: A Fascinating Argument C．NASA’s Mission to Planet Earth: A Scientific Revolution D．The Moon Landing: Humans’ Greatest Achievement The terraced rapeseed (油菜) flower hills of Jiangling, Wuyuan is well-known as one of the four “seas of flowers” in China, attracting thousands’ of plant-loving tourists to come and appreciate and photograph the vast and endless rapeseed flower fields. “Rapeseed flowers are the messenger of spring,” said Bin Zhan, manager of Jiangxi Wuyuan Tourism, “Jiangling is the best place for a relaxing spring trip to enjoy the most visually impressive views of golden seas of rapeseed blossoms covering layered terrace fields.” The rapeseed blossom in the terraced fields of Jiangling, located 45 kilometres to the northeast of Wuyuan County, Jiangxi Province, reached full bloom in the second week of March. This year, Wuyuan restores ancient farming traditions and practices to give visitors an idea of the history, culture and folk customs of the county by adding scarecrows (稻草人) in the rapeseed flower fields. The creative scarecrows of Wuyuan County are designed in the shapes of popular cartoon characters, Hui-style architecture and folk customs. They are placed in the rapeseed fields to provide more fun and interactions for visitors on flower viewing tours. “As flower viewing is becoming more popular in recent years, Jiangling is seeing a growing number of returning visitors, especially professional photographers who come back every year for the dramatic rapeseed blossoms,” Zhan said. “The blossoms only last one to two months. April is the last chance to catch a flower-viewing tour this year.” In addition to flower viewing, Wuyuan County is also home to the most well-protected ancient Hui-style architecture in China. As one of the most beautiful countryside villages in China, it attracts photographers from around the world every year to document not only the natural scenery, but also the unique farming culture and folk traditions. 1．Which is NOT one of the features of the rapeseed blossoms of Jiangling? A．The rapeseed fields cover a limited area. B．The rapeseed is planted on layered terraces. C．Rapeseed flowers blossom at the beginning of spring. D．When the flowers blossom, the fields are like a golden sea. 2．What does the underline pronoun “They”(Para 4) refer to? A．Hui-style buildings. B．Folk customs. C．Creative scarecrows. D．Models of popular cartoon characters. 3．What can we infer from Paragraph 5? A．Not many professional photographers will go to see the blossoms. B．It is in March and April that Jiangling has the most visitors. C．Returning visitors get discount when entering Jiangling. D．Visitors could catch the last flower viewing tour in May. 4．What is the purpose of this article? A．To introduce the history of rapeseed farming in Jiangling. B．To report how many people visited Jiangling this year. C．To introduce Wuyuan County as a tourist destination. D．To remind visitors the best viewing time for rapeseed blossoms. New Zealand is home to some of the most amazing and accessible waterfalls, where the power of water meets the beauty of nature. Here are a few must-see waterfalls in the country.      Otuihau Whangarei Falls Just a 20-minute drive from the city center, this waterfall is a dramatic 26-meter curtain waterfall. It flows into a clear pool and is particularly wonderful after heavy rain. A well-maintained walking track leads to many viewpoints, including a bridge that allows visitors to view the waterfall from different angles. It’s also a popular spot for picnics and swimming. Waireinga Bridal Veil Falls Located in the Waireinga Scenic Reserve, this waterfall is a breathtaking sight. The Pakoka River falls 55 meters into a native forest. The waterfall is surrounded by tawa trees, and a wheelchair-friendly track leads visitors to various viewing points. The waterfall is considered scared, with local traditions saying it is guarded by fairies (精灵). Waiau Falls This waterfall, located in a distant part of Peninsula, is one of New Zealand’s hidden jewels. The waterfall drops 6 meters into a natural pool, perfect for a refreshing swim. The short track to the waterfall is an easy walk, and nearby, you can explore a beautiful group of ancient kauri trees, some over 600 years old. Taranaki Falls It is an impressive 20-meter waterfall located in Tongariro National Park. The waterfall runs over an ancient lava flow from Mount Ruapehu, creating a striking contrast of water and volcanic rock. The walking track around the waterfall offers views of mountain plants, native birds, and amazing volcanic landscapes. The path is in excellent condition, though you may experience some mud in winter. 1．Which waterfall has the highest drop? A．Otuihau Whangarei Falls. B．Waireinga Bridal Veil Falls. C．Waiau Falls. D．Taranaki Falls. 2．What is a unique feature of Waiau Falls? A．It is surrounded by ancient trees. B．It is a popular picnic spot close to the city. C．It drops into a pool suitable for swimming. D．It is particularly impressive after heavy rain. 3．What makes Taranaki Falls different from the other waterfalls? A．Its volcanic setting. B．Its cultural importance. C．Its short walking distance. D．Its wheelchair-friendly track. Sunita Kumari Chaudhary quietly weaves (编织) together lengths of rope, mixing them with grass collected from the riverbank in her village of Dang. She skillfully shapes the materials into a nice box. As she weaves, she’s teaching a small group of women how to work with the materials. The ropes that Chaudhary and the others are using were once the lifeline for mountain climbers in Nepal’s mountains and were then tossed. The waste, including the ropes, is now finding new life, turned by skilled hands like Chaudhary’s into items to sell such as boxes and table mats (垫子). “At first, I didn’t know that these ropes were collected from the mountains,” Chaudhary says as she expertly weaves a blue-colored rope into a heart-shaped box. To her left, a box she made in the same way holds her tools — scissors and metal nails. On the floor are several mats she made, each a mix of golden yellow, purple and blue. “Later, I learned that the ropes were collected during a mountain cleaning project. And people like me, who are far from the mountains, are using our traditional skills to turn this waste into something totally new,” she said. The Himalayan mountains have been increasingly filled with waste left by mountaineering activities over the years. According to Nepal’s Department of Tourism, on Mt. Everest alone, there is nearly 140.000 tons of waste. In 2019, the government started the project Safa Himal Aviyan led by the Nepal Army. Waste collected from the project is either sent to a landfill if it’s biodegradable (可降解的) or reused if not. Now some of that material is finding its way to the locals like Chaudhary, thanks to the action. 1．How does Chaudhary deal with the collected ropes? A．She repurposes them. B．She sells them at a market. C．She repaints them. D．She sends them to a landfill. 2．Which is the closest in meaning to “tossed” in paragraph 2? A．Picked up. B．Held back. C．Thrown away. D．Checked out. 3．Why did the government start the project? A．To offer well-paid jobs. B．To clean up the mountains. C．To practice traditional skills. D．To help foreign tourists. 4．What can we learn about Chaudhary? A．She used to be a teacher. B．She joined the army in 2019. C．She sets up the project. D．She is skillful and creative. 重难语篇提升练 Researchers from Northwestern University and the Chicago Botanic Garden will study the carbon capture (碳捕获) effects of soil additives on agricultural fields. For the world to meet the global average temperature goals set forth in the 2015 Paris Agreement, we need to actively decrease carbon emissions (排放). Earth and planetary sciences professor Andy Jacobson suggests Earth science can help it and that one possible way is to capture atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) and lock it away for a few thousand years. The chemical weathering of rocks is a natural phenomenon that transforms atmospheric CO2 into a stable mineral form. When CO2 dissolves in water, it creates a substance that can break down rocks. This transformation releases elements from certain rocks and changes CO2 into a stable form. Over time, these elements combine to form minerals that are the building blocks of many natural structures and rocks. This transformation helps to lock carbon in a solid form, which plays an important part in stabilizing Earth’s climate over the long term. “Over much shorter human timescales, this stable form of CO2 acts as a sink for atmospheric CO2,” says Jacobson. Can we speed up the weathering process and actively remove carbon from the atmosphere at rates fast enough to help reduce the impact of modern climate change? Enhanced rock weathering was proposed as a strategy of decreasing carbon emissions decades ago but only recently gained interest. An article in a 2020 magazine estimated that enhanced weathering could remove up to 2 billion tons of CO2 annually from the atmosphere by 2050. Jacobson is leading a team of researchers to investigate this negative emissions technology. In a series of experimental systems that simulate natural conditions at the garden, researchers will test the effects from adding different types of rock to soils used to grow various crops. The soil additives will include a volcanic rock that chemically weathers faster than other rocks and minerals, potentially speeding up CO2 capture and storage. 1．What does Jacobson stress about Earth science in paragraph 2? A．Its scientific origin as a principle. B．Its present limitations in carbon capture. C．Its potential role in achieving climate goals. D．Its logical accuracy in temperature prediction. 2．What is mainly discussed in paragraph 3 concerning rocks? A．Their natural structures. B．The reasons for their formation. C．The process of their weathering. D．Their stable chemical composition. 3．What is the main function of the question in paragraph 4? A．To introduce the following solution. B．To doubt the content of a magazine. C．To summarize the previous paragraph. D．To show the fast rate of climate change. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．Is Farming the Key to Carbon Capture? B．Can Humans Stabilize the Climate of Earth? C．What Is the Chemical Weathering of rocks? D．How Do Carbon Emissions Speed up Global Warming? Often referred to as the “doomsday glacier (末日冰川)”, the vast Thwaites glacier is comparable in size to Britain or Florida, and its collapse alone would raise sea levels by 65 centimetres. Worse still, this is expected to cause a more widespread loss of the ice sheet covering West Antarctica, causing a disastrous sea level rise of 3.3 metres and threatening cities like New York, Kolkata and Shanghai. It is an extremely remote and difficult area to get to, but the International Thwaites Glacier Collaboration (ITGC), a joint UK-US research programme, has managed to send 100 scientists there over the past six years, using planes, ships and underwater robots to study the ice in detail. “It was a huge challenge, and yet we really learned a lot,” says Ted Scambos at the University of Colorado Boulder. These discoveries include the fact that Thwaites glacier is in a delicate condition, as it rests on a bed of rock that is well below sea level and is being melted from the underside by warmer seawater. What’s more, the bedrock slides downwards towards the interior (内侧) of the ice sheet, so as the glacier retreats (消退), even more ice is exposed to warm seawater, threatening to cause an earlier collapse. Mathieu Morlighem at Dartmouth College and his colleagues used computer models to predict the future state of the glacier under different levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, finding that “for almost any carbon emission situation, we are in deep trouble”. The key question is how quickly this might happen. “It’s not going to lead to a disastrous retreat next year or the year after, but we are very sure that Thwaites is going to continue to retreat, and ultimately, the retreat is going to speed up,” says Rob Larter at the British Antarctica Survey, another member of the team. “We can’t give an exact prediction.” Ultimately, however, the ITGC researchers think that, by the end of the 23rd century, Thwaites glacier and much of the West Antarctic ice sheet might be lost. The slightly better news is that we still have time to influence how rapidly this process occurs by making substantial efforts to reduce carbon emissions. 1．What is the main concern about the Thwaites glacier? A．It is likely to endanger global coastlines. B．It is difficult to study due to its location. C．It is moving slowly towards Britain. D．It is larger than most glaciers worldwide. 2．What contributes to Thwaites glacier’s delicate condition? A．It experiences powerful winds. B．It faces warm air temperatures. C．It sits on a rock above sea level. D．It loses its mass from the bottom. 3．What will happen to the glacier according to Later? A．It will collapse next year. B．It will retreat at an average pace. C．It will shrink at a faster rate. D．It will cease to melt in centuries. 4．What is the general tone of the text? A．Emergent but hopeful. B．Confident and faithful. C．Critical and concerned. D．Optimistic but cautious. The age of pre-sorting mixed plastic waste may soon be over. The secret weapon? A cheap catalyst (催化剂) that targets one of our most problematic plastics. Even after decades of worldwide efforts, recycling plastic is still hard to do. The main troublemakers are a group of plastics called polyolefins (聚烯烃). Humans produce about 300 million tons of plastic products globally each year, and about 220 million tons of them are made from polyolefins. Most of these polyolefin products are single-use items like milk bottles, trash bags, and juice boxes. “Basically, almost everything in your refrigerator is made from polyolefins,” said Yosi Kratish, a chemist at Northwestern University. Plastics are usually broken down with catalysts — substances that use weak chemical bonds to help them break apart. But polyolefins are different. They resist breaking down because their carbon-carbon bonds are very strong and hard to react with. As a result, less than 10 percent of polyolefin products are recycled each year. Current solutions are not true answers: the plastics can be cut up, melted, and made into small low-quality plastic pieces, but human sorting is still required, and even small food bits can ruin a whole group. Burning polyolefins works but needs very high temperatures, as hot as 1,292 °F. Kratish’s team focused on hydrogenolysis, a process that uses hydrogen gas and a catalyst to turn plastics into useful fuel-like chemicals. Old hydrogenolysis methods needed very high heat and expensive metals like platinum. The new method uses a cheaper choice — cationic nickel (镍). Unlike other nickel-based catalysts with many reaction sites, this one has only a single site, allowing it to cut the strong carbon-carbon bonds at lower temperatures and with less hydrogen gas. Surprisingly, the catalyst even works with dirty plastics like PVC． “Adding PVC to a recycling mixture has always been forbidden. But apparently, it makes our process even better,” Kratish said. If it can work widely, this discovery could reduce the need for time-consuming pre-sorting and greatly cut down on the amount of microplastics released into the environment every day. 1．What can we learn from paragraph 2? A．Polyolefin-based items are rarely used in daily life. B．A large quantity of plastic products are polyolefin-based. C．Most polyolefin products are designed for long-term use. D．Recycling polyolefins has been highly successful globally. 2．What is the key challenge in recycling polyolefins according to the text? A．The inability to handle soiled plastics. B．The high cost of hydrogen gas required. C．The lack of effective sorting technology. D．The strong chemical bonds resisting breakdown. 3．How does the new catalyst improve upon previous methods? A．It removes the need to sort plastic first. B．It needs costly metals to work efficiently. C．It works at lower heat with less hydrogen. D．It operates when plastics are clean and sorted. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．Problems with plastic waste and recycling B．Polyolefins are troublemakers in recycling C．New methods to make plastics more safely D．Easier plastic recycling is around the corner 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 6 At one with nature 单元话题阅读理解 Unit 6 At one with nature单元话题：自然 本资料共10篇专题训练，从上到下依次按照难度分为基础语篇巩固练和重难语篇提升练 基础语篇巩固练 Island Nations of Asia An island country is a nation that is made up of one or more islands, or land that is surrounded completely by water. There are some such island countries in Asia. Brunei Size: 5,765 square kilometres Population: 433,285 The Nation of Brunei, Abode of Peace — its official name — is a rich Muslim-ruled royal state on the north coast of Borneo in coastal Southeast Asia. It has 161 kilometres of coastline along the South China Sea, shares a 381-kilometre border with Malaysia. Most of Brunei lies within the Borneo lowland rainforests area. Philippines Size: 300,000 square kilometres Population: 108.1 million The Philippines has large parts of a partly flooded mountain chain. Made up of over 7,000 islands, it is the world’s fifth largest island country, and its 36,289-kilometre coastline makes it the country with the fifth longest coastline globally. Maldives Size: 298 square kilometres Population: 530,953 As the smallest country in Asia, the Maldives is a tropical archipelago (群岛) in the Indian Ocean, made up of 1,190 low-lying coral islands. However, rising sea levels, expected by the World Bank to increase by 10 to 100 centimetres by 2100, could eventually cover the entire country, threatening people’s lives.Sri Lanka Size: 65,610 square kilometres Population: 21.4 million Sri Lanka, once called Ceylon, is an island nation in the Indian Ocean, which is in a strategic spot near major Indian Ocean sea lanes. It’s the 25th largest island in the world by area. There used to be a land connection to the Indian mainland, and most of it is now underwater. 1．What can we learn about the Philippines? A．It has more than 7,000 islands. B．It is the smallest country in Asia. C．It has a land connection to the Indian mainland. D．Its existence is threatened by rising sea levels. 2．Which of the four countries has the smallest population? A．Brunei. B．Philippines. C．Maldives. D．Sri Lanka. 3．Where is the text probably taken from? A．A news report. B．A travel brochure. C．A research paper. D．A geography magazine. 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了亚洲四个岛国文莱、菲律宾、马尔代夫和斯里兰卡的面积、人口及地理特征等相关信息。 1．细节理解题。根据Philippines部分“Made up of over 7,000 islands, it is the world’s fifth largest island country, and its 36,289-kilometre coastline makes it the country with the fifth longest coastline globally.(它由7000多个岛屿组成，是世界第五大岛国，其36289公里的海岸线使其成为全球第五长的海岸线国家)”可知，菲律宾有7000多个岛屿。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据Brunei部分“Population: 433,285(人口：433285)”；Philippines部分“Population: 108.1 million(人口：1.081亿)”；Maldives部分“Population: 530,953(人口：530953)”；Sri Lanka部分“Population: 21.4 million(人口：2140万)”可知，四个国家中，文莱的人口最少。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据第一段“An island country is a nation that is made up of one or more islands, or land that is surrounded completely by water. There are some such island countries in Asia.(岛国是一个由一个或多个岛屿组成的国家，或完全被水包围的土地。亚洲有一些这样的岛国)”以及下文对四个亚洲岛国的介绍可知，本文主要介绍了亚洲四个岛国的面积、人口及地理特征等相关信息。由此推知，文章可能选自一本地理杂志。故选D。 Let’s take a look at some of the world’s unspoilt places that are beautiful because they have been left untouched, and remember the importance of keeping them pristine (原貌的). Nunavut, Canada Auyuittuq National Park, which means “the land that never melts (融化), is just one of the shocking wonders in Nunavut. There are many icefalls, mountains, and deep valleys while hikers cross the 60m Akshayuk Pass in the summer. And that’s just one attraction. From narrow seas to mountains, there are three areas in Nunavut, all with beautiful natural land feature. Visitors can hunt, fish, mountain hike, and walk across ice flows. Namib Desert, Namibia A coastal desert in the southern area of Africa, it is known for its burnt orange-golden sands. The Namib has been dry for at least 55 million years and possibly as many as 80 million. The name means “vast space”, and it spreads more than 1200 miles. The hill of sands can reach up to 980 feet high and 20 miles long. Amazingly, the temperatures striking against cold currents create a fog belt that often covers the desert. Antarctica Perhaps the last unspoilt place, Antarctica is an empty landscape. No trees grow here, and one must travel with a tourism company in order to visit. Admire icebergs, sea lions, whales, and listen to the sound of absolutely nothing. Fiordland, New Zealand One of the most shocking areas of New Zealand, Fiordland can be seen on foot, by air, or by water. The Milford Track is one of the most famous walks, with the tallest waterfall in the country and impressive valley views. Lake Monowai is a glassy, mirrorlike body of water surrounded by mountains and best explored by boating on a still day. 1．In which place are hunting and fishing available for visitors? A．Nunavut. B．Namib Desert. C．Antarctic. D．Fiordland. 2．What is Namib Desert famous for? A．Ice flows. B．Burnt sands. C．High hills. D．Valley views. 3．Which word can best describe all the four places? A．Unknown. B．Unreachable. C．Unmelted. D．Undamaged. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了世界上四处未受破坏的原始之地——加拿大努纳武特、纳米比亚纳米布沙漠、南极洲和新西兰峡湾国家公园，展现它们的自然景观特色，并强调保护这些原始环境的重要性。 1．细节理解题。根据“Nunavut, Canada”部分的“Visitors can hunt, fish, mountain hike, and walk across ice flows.(游客可以狩猎、钓鱼、登山和穿越浮冰)”可知，在努纳武特，游客可以进行狩猎和钓鱼活动。故选A项。 2．细节理解题。根据“Namib Desert, Namibia”部分的“A coastal desert in the southern area of Africa, it is known for its burnt orange-golden sands. (它是非洲南部的一个沿海沙漠，以焦橙色的金色沙丘而闻名)可知，纳米布沙漠以焦橙色的金色沙丘 闻名。故选B项。 3．推理判断题。根据第一段“Let’s take a look at some of the world’s unspoilt places that are beautiful because they have been left untouched, and remember the importance of keeping them pristine (原貌的).(让我们一起来看看世界上那些未受破坏的地方 —— 它们之所以美丽，正是因为始终保持着原始状态；同时也请记住，守护这些地方的原貌至关重要)”可知，未受破坏的符合所有地方的共性。故选D项。 Yuntai Mountain is situated in Xiuwu County, about 30 kilometers from Jiaozuo City, Henan Province. It was among the first group of global geoparks to receive the title of UNESCO Global Geopark in 2004. The scenery of Yuntai Mountain change with the seasons. In spring, the mountain is decorated by wild flowers and green grasses. In summer, the luxuriant virgin forests and beautiful waterfalls make it an excellent resort. In autumn, leaves turn fiery red and the mountain looks like a colorful coat. ★Seen from a distance, the 314-meter-high Yuntai Waterfall, one of China’s most spectacular waterfalls, looks like a pillar connecting the sky and earth. In winter, snow turns the mountain into a white world of ice waterfalls, ice pillars and snow-capped evergreens. Yuntai Mountain has long been recognized as a popular tourist resort throughout history. The Han emperor Xiandi established his summer resort and mausoleum here. It served as the retreat of the “Seven Sages of the Bamboo Grove” during the Wei and Jin dynasties. In the Tang Dynasty, Sun Simiao, revered as the “King of Medicine”, often collected herbs and made traditional Chinese medicines here. Many famous visitors in history left their stone inscriptions and steles here, enriching its cultural value. Zhuyu Peak, the highest point of Yuntai Mountain, stands at about 1,308 meters above sea level. The great poet of the Tang Dynasty, Wang Wei, wrote the famous poem with the line “On holiday occasions, all the more I miss my kin far away” on Zhuyu Peak. After climbing thousands of steps and traversing cliffside plank roads to the summit, visitors can see the Taihang Mountains to the north, the vast plain to the south and the ribbon-like Yellow River. In a word, the scenery is magnificent from this peak, making people deeply feel the poetic imagery of this line “From Zhuyu’s summit, all other peaks appear dwarfed”, written by Du Fu, the “Poet Saint” of the Tang Dynasty. 1．What can we infer from the second paragraph? A．Autumn is the best season to visit Yuntai Mountain. B．Yuntai Mountain is attractive to tourists all year round. C．Yuntai Mountain is covered with green forests all the year. D．Yuntai Waterfall is a must-see site throughout the year. 2．How does the author highlight the popularity of Yuntai Mountain in history? A．By mentioning some historical figures. B．By quoting a few famous poetic works. C．By presenting related legendary stories. D．By telling events in different dynasties. 3．What can best describe the view seen from the Zhuyu Peak? A．Imaginary. B．Picturesque. C．Mysterious. D．Breathtaking. 4．What can be the best title for the text? A．History of Yuntai Mountain B．Introduction of Yuntai Mountain C．Poems About Yuntai Mountain D．Time to Visit Yuntai Mountain 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了云台山的四季风光、悠久的历史文化和茱萸峰的壮丽景色。 1．推理判断题。根据第二段“The scenery of Yuntai Mountain change with the seasons. In spring, the mountain is decorated by wild flowers and green grasses. In summer, the luxuriant virgin forests and beautiful waterfalls make it an excellent resort. In autumn, leaves turn fiery red and the mountain looks like a colorful coat. ★Seen from a distance, the 314-meter-high Yuntai Waterfall, one of China’s most spectacular waterfalls, looks like a pillar connecting the sky and earth. In winter, snow turns the mountain into a white world of ice waterfalls, ice pillars and snow-capped evergreens.(云台山的景色随着季节而变化。春天，这座山被野花和绿草装饰着。夏天，茂密的原始森林和美丽的瀑布使其成为一个绝佳的度假胜地。秋天，树叶变成火红的，山看起来像一件五颜六色的外套。 ★从远处看，314米高的云台瀑布是中国最壮观的瀑布之一，看起来像一根连接天地的柱子。冬天，雪把山变成了一个白色的世界，有冰瀑布、冰柱和白雪皑皑的常青树。)”可知，云台山四季景色各异，全年都对游客有吸引力。故选B项。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段“The Han emperor Xiandi established his summer resort and mausoleum here. It served as the retreat of the “Seven Sages of the Bamboo Grove” during the Wei and Jin dynasties. In the Tang Dynasty, Sun Simiao, revered as the “King of Medicine”, often collected herbs and made traditional Chinese medicines here. Many famous visitors in history left their stone inscriptions and steles here, enriching its cultural value.(汉献帝在这里建立了避暑胜地和陵墓。它是魏晋时期“竹林七贤”的隐居地。在唐朝，被尊为“药王”的孙思邈经常在这里采集草药和制作中药。历史上许多著名的游客在这里留下了石刻和石碑，丰富了它的文化价值。)”可知，作者通过提及一些历史人物来强调云台山在历史上的受欢迎程度。故选A项。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段“After climbing thousands of steps and traversing cliffside plank roads to the summit, visitors can see the Taihang Mountains to the north, the vast plain to the south and the ribbon-like Yellow River. In a word, the scenery is magnificent from this peak, making people deeply feel the poetic imagery of this line “From Zhuyu’s summit, all other peaks appear dwarfed”, written by Du Fu, the “Poet Saint” of the Tang Dynasty.(攀登数千级台阶，穿越悬崖边的木板路到达山顶后，游客可以看到北面的太行山，南面的广阔平原和带状的黄河。总之，从这座山峰望去，景色壮丽，让人深深地感受到唐代“诗圣”杜甫所写的“会当凌绝顶,一览众山小”这句诗的诗意意象。)”可知，从茱萸峰看到的景色令人惊叹。breathtaking意为“令人惊叹的”，符合描述。故选D项。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，第一段介绍云台山的位置和地位，第二段描述四季景色，第三段讲述历史渊源，第四段介绍茱萸峰。文章是对云台山的全面介绍。故B项“云台山简介”可以作为本文最佳标题。故选B项。 Since the Apollo missions began, space programs have offered a unique perspective on our home planet. Its most fascinating legacy may have been, not visiting the moon—the barren world that is our planetary companion, but giving us a view of the bounteous (富饶的) world that is our home. The Apollo missions, which concluded in 1972, occurred alongside the birth of the modern environmental movement—the founding of Friends of the Earth in 1969 and Greenpeace in 1971, the first Earth Day in 1970, among other important events—and the sight of Earth from space offered inspiration and motivation. When Apollo 8 astronaut William Anders snapped a photograph of Earth, partially in shadow, rising above the moon’s surface in 1968, he provided the clearest image yet seen of our world and its fragility (脆弱) in space. Many years later, photographer Galen Rowell described “Earthrise” as “the most influential environmental photograph ever taken.” “Earthrise” was followed by “Blue Marble”, a view of the Earth taken from the Apollo 17 spacecraft in 1972. That was the last of the Apollo moon missions, but NASA’s space exploration continued to take longing glances back toward their home world. In 1989, NASA formalized a Mission to Planet Earth, in which examining the third planet from the sun was no longer incidental to its work but central to it. In the three decades since then, the agency’s Earth Science program observation has expanded along with both the technological ability and the growing necessity to do so. NASA and partners such as the European Space Agency (ESA) have compiled an ever-growing image library of our own planet. The images reveal how Earth is transformed by land use, human activities, weather phenomena and climate changes. The thousands upon thousands of images reveal moments in time and seemingly timeless vistas, of our world up close and from afar. As Anders himself observed, 50 years after his first “Earthrise” image was released, “We set out to explore the moon, and instead discovered the Earth.” 1．What is viewed as the biggest achievement of the Apollo missions? A．Landing humans on the moon for the first time. B．Showing the Earth’s beauty and fragile nature. C．Inspiring mankind’s desire for more spacewalks. D．Making technological advances in space exploration. 2．What does the “Earthrise” photo symbolize according to the text? A．The end of the Apollo moon missions. B．The limitations of early space photography. C．The urgency of protecting Earth’s environment. D．The change of NASA’s focus on studying Earth. 3．What was the chief goal of NASA’s Mission to Planet Earth? A．To establish partnerships with ESA． B．To explore new planets in the solar system. C．To develop advanced spacecraft technology. D．To study Earth’s environment and changes. 4．Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A．The Changing View of Earth from Space: Photos & Images B．The Impact of Space Exploration: A Fascinating Argument C．NASA’s Mission to Planet Earth: A Scientific Revolution D．The Moon Landing: Humans’ Greatest Achievement 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述阿波罗任务最大遗产是从太空展现地球美丽与脆弱，相关影像推动对地球环境变化的研究。 1．细节理解题。 根据第一段“Its most fascinating legacy may have been, not visiting the moon—the barren world that is our planetary companion, but giving us a view of the bounteous (富饶的) world that is our home.(其最迷人的遗产或许并非访问月球 —— 那个贫瘠的行星伴侣，而是让我们看到我们的家园——这个富饶的世界)”及第三段“he provided the clearest image yet seen of our world and its fragility in space.(他提供了迄今为止最清晰的地球图像，展现了其在太空中的脆弱性)”可知，阿波罗任务的最大成就在于展示地球的美丽与脆弱。故选B项。 2．推理判断题。 根据第三段“Galen Rowell described ‘Earthrise’ as ‘the most influential environmental photograph ever taken.’(盖伦・罗威尔称《Earthrise》为‘有史以来最具影响力的环保照片’。)”及第二段“the sight of Earth from space offered inspiration and motivation(从太空看到地球的景象提供了灵感和动力)”可推知，该照片象征着保护地球环境的紧迫性。故选C项。 3．细节理解题。 根据第四段“In 1989, NASA formalized a Mission to Planet Earth, in which examining the third planet from the sun was no longer incidental to its work but central to it. (1989年，美国国家航空航天局正式确定了一项行星地球任务，在该任务中，检查距离太阳第三颗行星不再是其工作的附带任务，而是其核心任务)”及第五段“The images reveal how Earth is transformed by land use, human activities, weather phenomena and climate changes.(这些图像揭示了土地利用、人类活动、天气现象和气候变化是如何改变地球的)”可知，该任务的主要目标是研究地球环境与变化。故选D项。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章以阿波罗任务拍摄的《Earthrise》、《Blue Marble》等太空照片为线索，阐述太空观测如何揭示地球的脆弱性及环境变化，末段强调“thousands upon thousands of images reveal moments in time and seemingly timeless vistas(成千上万的图像揭示了不同时刻和看似永恒的景象)”。所以A项The Changing View of Earth from Space: Photos & Images(从太空看地球的变化：照片和图像)准确概括了“太空视角下地球图像及其影响”的主题，可以作为最佳标题。故选A项。 The terraced rapeseed (油菜) flower hills of Jiangling, Wuyuan is well-known as one of the four “seas of flowers” in China, attracting thousands’ of plant-loving tourists to come and appreciate and photograph the vast and endless rapeseed flower fields. “Rapeseed flowers are the messenger of spring,” said Bin Zhan, manager of Jiangxi Wuyuan Tourism, “Jiangling is the best place for a relaxing spring trip to enjoy the most visually impressive views of golden seas of rapeseed blossoms covering layered terrace fields.” The rapeseed blossom in the terraced fields of Jiangling, located 45 kilometres to the northeast of Wuyuan County, Jiangxi Province, reached full bloom in the second week of March. This year, Wuyuan restores ancient farming traditions and practices to give visitors an idea of the history, culture and folk customs of the county by adding scarecrows (稻草人) in the rapeseed flower fields. The creative scarecrows of Wuyuan County are designed in the shapes of popular cartoon characters, Hui-style architecture and folk customs. They are placed in the rapeseed fields to provide more fun and interactions for visitors on flower viewing tours. “As flower viewing is becoming more popular in recent years, Jiangling is seeing a growing number of returning visitors, especially professional photographers who come back every year for the dramatic rapeseed blossoms,” Zhan said. “The blossoms only last one to two months. April is the last chance to catch a flower-viewing tour this year.” In addition to flower viewing, Wuyuan County is also home to the most well-protected ancient Hui-style architecture in China. As one of the most beautiful countryside villages in China, it attracts photographers from around the world every year to document not only the natural scenery, but also the unique farming culture and folk traditions. 1．Which is NOT one of the features of the rapeseed blossoms of Jiangling? A．The rapeseed fields cover a limited area. B．The rapeseed is planted on layered terraces. C．Rapeseed flowers blossom at the beginning of spring. D．When the flowers blossom, the fields are like a golden sea. 2．What does the underline pronoun “They”(Para 4) refer to? A．Hui-style buildings. B．Folk customs. C．Creative scarecrows. D．Models of popular cartoon characters. 3．What can we infer from Paragraph 5? A．Not many professional photographers will go to see the blossoms. B．It is in March and April that Jiangling has the most visitors. C．Returning visitors get discount when entering Jiangling. D．Visitors could catch the last flower viewing tour in May. 4．What is the purpose of this article? A．To introduce the history of rapeseed farming in Jiangling. B．To report how many people visited Jiangling this year. C．To introduce Wuyuan County as a tourist destination. D．To remind visitors the best viewing time for rapeseed blossoms. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是说明文，主要介绍了婺源县油菜花田盛开的美景，游客众多，且历史悠久。 1．细节理解题。通过文章第一段“The terraced rapeseed (油菜) flower hills of Jiangling, Wuyuan is well-known as one of the four “seas of flowers” in China, attracting thousands’ of plant-loving tourists to come and appreciate and photograph the vast and endless rapeseed flower fields.(婺源江陵的梯田油菜花山被誉为中国四大“花海”之一，吸引了成千上万热爱植物的游客前来欣赏和拍摄广阔无边的油菜花田。)”可知，油菜田面积广阔无垠，A项表述有误。故选A。 2．词句猜测题。通过文章第四段“The creative scarecrows of Wuyuan County are designed in the shapes of popular cartoon characters, Hui-style architecture and folk customs.(婺源县的创意稻草人以流行的卡通人物、徽派建筑和民俗为造型。)”可知，婺源县的创意稻草人设计成流行卡通人物、徽派建筑和民俗的造型，此处承接上文，是说这些稻草人被放置在油菜地里，为观花旅游的游客提供更多的乐趣和互动，所以“They”指代的是稻草人。故选C。 3．推理判断题。通过文章第五段“The blossoms only last one to two months. April is the last chance to catch a flower-viewing tour this year.(花期只有一到两个月。四月是今年赏花之旅的最后一次机会。)”可以推知，三四月份是江陵游客最多的时候。故选B。 4．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“The terraced rapeseed (油菜) flower hills of Jiangling, Wuyuan is well-known as one of the four “seas of flowers” in China, attracting thousands’ of plant-loving tourists to come and appreciate and photograph the vast and endless rapeseed flower fields.(婺源江陵的梯田油菜花山被誉为中国四大“花海”之一，吸引了成千上万热爱植物的游客前来欣赏和拍摄广阔无边的油菜花田。)”可知，本文介绍了婺源县油菜花田盛开的美景，游客众多，且历史悠久。所以本篇文章的写作目的应该是介绍作为旅游目的地的婺源县。故选C。 New Zealand is home to some of the most amazing and accessible waterfalls, where the power of water meets the beauty of nature. Here are a few must-see waterfalls in the country.      Otuihau Whangarei Falls Just a 20-minute drive from the city center, this waterfall is a dramatic 26-meter curtain waterfall. It flows into a clear pool and is particularly wonderful after heavy rain. A well-maintained walking track leads to many viewpoints, including a bridge that allows visitors to view the waterfall from different angles. It’s also a popular spot for picnics and swimming. Waireinga Bridal Veil Falls Located in the Waireinga Scenic Reserve, this waterfall is a breathtaking sight. The Pakoka River falls 55 meters into a native forest. The waterfall is surrounded by tawa trees, and a wheelchair-friendly track leads visitors to various viewing points. The waterfall is considered scared, with local traditions saying it is guarded by fairies (精灵). Waiau Falls This waterfall, located in a distant part of Peninsula, is one of New Zealand’s hidden jewels. The waterfall drops 6 meters into a natural pool, perfect for a refreshing swim. The short track to the waterfall is an easy walk, and nearby, you can explore a beautiful group of ancient kauri trees, some over 600 years old. Taranaki Falls It is an impressive 20-meter waterfall located in Tongariro National Park. The waterfall runs over an ancient lava flow from Mount Ruapehu, creating a striking contrast of water and volcanic rock. The walking track around the waterfall offers views of mountain plants, native birds, and amazing volcanic landscapes. The path is in excellent condition, though you may experience some mud in winter. 1．Which waterfall has the highest drop? A．Otuihau Whangarei Falls. B．Waireinga Bridal Veil Falls. C．Waiau Falls. D．Taranaki Falls. 2．What is a unique feature of Waiau Falls? A．It is surrounded by ancient trees. B．It is a popular picnic spot close to the city. C．It drops into a pool suitable for swimming. D．It is particularly impressive after heavy rain. 3．What makes Taranaki Falls different from the other waterfalls? A．Its volcanic setting. B．Its cultural importance. C．Its short walking distance. D．Its wheelchair-friendly track. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了新西兰一些最令人惊叹和最容易到达的瀑布。 1．细节理解题。根据Waireinga Bridal Veil Falls下“The Pakoka River falls 55 meters into a native forest.(帕卡河从55米高的地方流入一片原始森林。)”并对照其他瀑布落差26米、6米和20米，可知，Waireinga Bridal Veil Falls落差最大。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。根据Waiau Falls下“The waterfall drops 6 meters into a natural pool, perfect for a refreshing swim. (瀑布落差6米，落入天然水池，非常适合清爽的游泳。)”可知，Waiau Falls独特之处是瀑布落进一个适合游泳的水池里。故选C项。 3．细节理解题。根据Taranaki Falls下“The walking track around the waterfall offers views of mountain plants, native birds, and amazing volcanic landscapes.(瀑布周围的步道可以欣赏到山间植物、本地鸟类和令人惊叹的火山景观。)”可知，Taranaki Falls与其他瀑布不同之处是瀑布有火山环境。故选A项。 Sunita Kumari Chaudhary quietly weaves (编织) together lengths of rope, mixing them with grass collected from the riverbank in her village of Dang. She skillfully shapes the materials into a nice box. As she weaves, she’s teaching a small group of women how to work with the materials. The ropes that Chaudhary and the others are using were once the lifeline for mountain climbers in Nepal’s mountains and were then tossed. The waste, including the ropes, is now finding new life, turned by skilled hands like Chaudhary’s into items to sell such as boxes and table mats (垫子). “At first, I didn’t know that these ropes were collected from the mountains,” Chaudhary says as she expertly weaves a blue-colored rope into a heart-shaped box. To her left, a box she made in the same way holds her tools — scissors and metal nails. On the floor are several mats she made, each a mix of golden yellow, purple and blue. “Later, I learned that the ropes were collected during a mountain cleaning project. And people like me, who are far from the mountains, are using our traditional skills to turn this waste into something totally new,” she said. The Himalayan mountains have been increasingly filled with waste left by mountaineering activities over the years. According to Nepal’s Department of Tourism, on Mt. Everest alone, there is nearly 140.000 tons of waste. In 2019, the government started the project Safa Himal Aviyan led by the Nepal Army. Waste collected from the project is either sent to a landfill if it’s biodegradable (可降解的) or reused if not. Now some of that material is finding its way to the locals like Chaudhary, thanks to the action. 1．How does Chaudhary deal with the collected ropes? A．She repurposes them. B．She sells them at a market. C．She repaints them. D．She sends them to a landfill. 2．Which is the closest in meaning to “tossed” in paragraph 2? A．Picked up. B．Held back. C．Thrown away. D．Checked out. 3．Why did the government start the project? A．To offer well-paid jobs. B．To clean up the mountains. C．To practice traditional skills. D．To help foreign tourists. 4．What can we learn about Chaudhary? A．She used to be a teacher. B．She joined the army in 2019. C．She sets up the project. D．She is skillful and creative. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．D 【导语】文章体裁为说明文。文章主要讲述了尼泊尔的废弃登山绳索被再利用，政府也开展相关项目。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“The waste, including the ropes, is now finding new life, turned by skilled hands like Chaudhary’s into items to sell such as boxes and table mats (垫子). (包括这些绳子在内的废弃物现在有了新的用途，在像Chaudhary这样的巧手之下，它们被变成了诸如盒子和桌垫之类可以售卖的物品。)”可知，Chaudhary对收集来的绳索进行了重新利用。故选A。 2．词句猜测题。根据第二段中“The ropes that Chaudhary and the others are using were once the lifeline for mountain climbers in Nepal’s mountains and were then tossed. The waste, including the ropes, is now finding new life (乔杜里和其他人使用的绳索曾经是尼泊尔山区登山者的生命线，然后被tossed。包括绳索在内的这些废弃物现在有了新的用途)”可知，这些绳索现在成了废弃物，由此推测tossed意思是“被扔掉”，与Thrown away意思相近。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The Himalayan mountains have been increasingly filled with waste left by mountaineering activities over the years. According to Nepal’s Department of Tourism, on Mt. Everest alone, there is nearly 140.000 tons of waste. In 2019, the government started the project Safa Himal Aviyan led by the Nepal Army. Waste collected from the project is either sent to a landfill if it’s biodegradable (可降解的) or reused if not. (多年来，喜马拉雅山脉被登山活动留下的废弃物填得越来越多。根据尼泊尔旅游部门的数据，仅在珠穆朗玛峰上就有近14万吨废弃物。2019年，政府启动了由尼泊尔军队牵头的“萨法喜马拉雅阿维扬”项目。从这个项目中收集到的废弃物，如果是可降解的，就被送到垃圾填埋场；如果不可降解，就被重新利用。)”可知，政府启动这个项目是为了清理山上的垃圾。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据第一段中“She skillfully shapes the materials into a nice box. (她熟练地把这些材料做成一个漂亮的盒子。)”以及第二段中“The waste, including the ropes, is now finding new life, turned by skilled hands like Chaudhary’s into items to sell such as boxes and table mats (垫子). (包括绳索在内的这些废弃物现在有了新的用途，被像Chaudhary这样的巧手变成盒子和桌垫等可供出售的物品。)”可知，乔杜里手艺娴熟且富有创造力。故选D。 重难语篇提升练 Researchers from Northwestern University and the Chicago Botanic Garden will study the carbon capture (碳捕获) effects of soil additives on agricultural fields. For the world to meet the global average temperature goals set forth in the 2015 Paris Agreement, we need to actively decrease carbon emissions (排放). Earth and planetary sciences professor Andy Jacobson suggests Earth science can help it and that one possible way is to capture atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) and lock it away for a few thousand years. The chemical weathering of rocks is a natural phenomenon that transforms atmospheric CO2 into a stable mineral form. When CO2 dissolves in water, it creates a substance that can break down rocks. This transformation releases elements from certain rocks and changes CO2 into a stable form. Over time, these elements combine to form minerals that are the building blocks of many natural structures and rocks. This transformation helps to lock carbon in a solid form, which plays an important part in stabilizing Earth’s climate over the long term. “Over much shorter human timescales, this stable form of CO2 acts as a sink for atmospheric CO2,” says Jacobson. Can we speed up the weathering process and actively remove carbon from the atmosphere at rates fast enough to help reduce the impact of modern climate change? Enhanced rock weathering was proposed as a strategy of decreasing carbon emissions decades ago but only recently gained interest. An article in a 2020 magazine estimated that enhanced weathering could remove up to 2 billion tons of CO2 annually from the atmosphere by 2050. Jacobson is leading a team of researchers to investigate this negative emissions technology. In a series of experimental systems that simulate natural conditions at the garden, researchers will test the effects from adding different types of rock to soils used to grow various crops. The soil additives will include a volcanic rock that chemically weathers faster than other rocks and minerals, potentially speeding up CO2 capture and storage. 1．What does Jacobson stress about Earth science in paragraph 2? A．Its scientific origin as a principle. B．Its present limitations in carbon capture. C．Its potential role in achieving climate goals. D．Its logical accuracy in temperature prediction. 2．What is mainly discussed in paragraph 3 concerning rocks? A．Their natural structures. B．The reasons for their formation. C．The process of their weathering. D．Their stable chemical composition. 3．What is the main function of the question in paragraph 4? A．To introduce the following solution. B．To doubt the content of a magazine. C．To summarize the previous paragraph. D．To show the fast rate of climate change. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．Is Farming the Key to Carbon Capture? B．Can Humans Stabilize the Climate of Earth? C．What Is the Chemical Weathering of rocks? D．How Do Carbon Emissions Speed up Global Warming? 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．A 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了西北大学和芝加哥植物园的研究人员通过研究土壤添加剂（尤其是增强岩石风化）对农田碳捕获的影响，探索利用地球科学手段实现气候目标的可能性。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“For the world to meet the global average temperature goals set forth in the 2015 Paris Agreement, we need to actively decrease carbon emissions (排放). Earth and planetary sciences professor Andy Jacobson suggests Earth science can help it and that one possible way is to capture atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) and lock it away for a few thousand years.(要实现2015 年《巴黎协定》设定的全球平均气温目标，全球需积极减少碳排放。地球与行星科学教授安迪・雅各布森提出，地球科学可为此提供助力，其中一种可行方案是捕获大气中的二氧化碳，并将其封存数千年。)”可知，Jacobson强调地球科学在实现气候目标中具有潜在作用。故选C项。 2．主旨大意题。根据第三段“The chemical weathering of rocks is a natural phenomenon that transforms atmospheric CO2 into a stable mineral form. When CO2 dissolves in water, it creates a substance that can break down rocks. This transformation releases elements from certain rocks and changes CO2 into a stable form. Over time, these elements combine to form minerals that are the building blocks of many natural structures and rocks. This transformation helps to lock carbon in a solid form, which plays an important part in stabilizing Earth’s climate over the long term.(岩石的化学风化是一种自然现象，能将大气中的二氧化碳转化为稳定的矿物形态。二氧化碳溶于水后会形成一种可分解岩石的物质，这一转化过程会从特定岩石中释放出元素，并将二氧化碳转化为稳定形态。久而久之，这些元素会结合形成矿物，而这些矿物是许多自然构造和岩石的基本组成部分。这种转化有助于将碳锁定在固态形式中，对长期稳定地球气候起着重要作用。)”可知，该段主要围绕岩石的化学风化过程展开，介绍了其如何将大气中的二氧化碳转化为稳定的矿物形式。故选C项。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段中“Can we speed up the weathering process and actively remove carbon from the atmosphere at rates fast enough to help reduce the impact of modern climate change?(我们能否加速风化过程，并以足够快的速度主动从大气中清除碳，从而帮助减轻现代气候变化的影响？)”以及第五段开头“Enhanced rock weathering was proposed as a strategy of decreasing carbon emissions decades ago but only recently gained interest.(几十年前，增强岩石风化就被提出作为减少碳排放的策略，但直到最近才引起人们的关注。)”可知，第四段的问题提出了“能否加速岩石风化以快速固碳”的疑问，而第五段随即介绍了“增强岩石风化”这一策略，由此可判断该问题的主要作用是引出后续的解决方案。故选A项。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Researchers from Northwestern University and the Chicago Botanic Garden will study the carbon capture (碳捕获) effects of soil additives on agricultural fields.(来自西北大学和芝加哥植物园的研究人员将研究土壤添加剂在农田中的碳捕获效果。)”可知，文章开篇点明研究主题，探究土壤添加剂（岩石）对农田的碳捕获效果，结合全文内容可知，随后围绕岩石风化固碳原理、增强岩石风化技术及研究计划展开。A选项“农业是碳捕获的关键吗？”既体现了研究的应用场景（农田/农业），又点出核心主题（碳捕获），符合文章主旨。故选A项。 Often referred to as the “doomsday glacier (末日冰川)”, the vast Thwaites glacier is comparable in size to Britain or Florida, and its collapse alone would raise sea levels by 65 centimetres. Worse still, this is expected to cause a more widespread loss of the ice sheet covering West Antarctica, causing a disastrous sea level rise of 3.3 metres and threatening cities like New York, Kolkata and Shanghai. It is an extremely remote and difficult area to get to, but the International Thwaites Glacier Collaboration (ITGC), a joint UK-US research programme, has managed to send 100 scientists there over the past six years, using planes, ships and underwater robots to study the ice in detail. “It was a huge challenge, and yet we really learned a lot,” says Ted Scambos at the University of Colorado Boulder. These discoveries include the fact that Thwaites glacier is in a delicate condition, as it rests on a bed of rock that is well below sea level and is being melted from the underside by warmer seawater. What’s more, the bedrock slides downwards towards the interior (内侧) of the ice sheet, so as the glacier retreats (消退), even more ice is exposed to warm seawater, threatening to cause an earlier collapse. Mathieu Morlighem at Dartmouth College and his colleagues used computer models to predict the future state of the glacier under different levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, finding that “for almost any carbon emission situation, we are in deep trouble”. The key question is how quickly this might happen. “It’s not going to lead to a disastrous retreat next year or the year after, but we are very sure that Thwaites is going to continue to retreat, and ultimately, the retreat is going to speed up,” says Rob Larter at the British Antarctica Survey, another member of the team. “We can’t give an exact prediction.” Ultimately, however, the ITGC researchers think that, by the end of the 23rd century, Thwaites glacier and much of the West Antarctic ice sheet might be lost. The slightly better news is that we still have time to influence how rapidly this process occurs by making substantial efforts to reduce carbon emissions. 1．What is the main concern about the Thwaites glacier? A．It is likely to endanger global coastlines. B．It is difficult to study due to its location. C．It is moving slowly towards Britain. D．It is larger than most glaciers worldwide. 2．What contributes to Thwaites glacier’s delicate condition? A．It experiences powerful winds. B．It faces warm air temperatures. C．It sits on a rock above sea level. D．It loses its mass from the bottom. 3．What will happen to the glacier according to Later? A．It will collapse next year. B．It will retreat at an average pace. C．It will shrink at a faster rate. D．It will cease to melt in centuries. 4．What is the general tone of the text? A．Emergent but hopeful. B．Confident and faithful. C．Critical and concerned. D．Optimistic but cautious. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍“末日冰川”思韦茨冰川现状：易因底部被暖海水融化消退，或致海平面大幅上升，但人类仍可通过减排减缓这一过程。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Often referred to as the “doomsday glacier (末日冰川)”, the vast Thwaites glacier is comparable in size to Britain or Florida, and its collapse alone would raise sea levels by 65 centimetres. Worse still, this is expected to cause a more widespread loss of the ice sheet covering West Antarctica, causing a disastrous sea level rise of 3.3 metres and threatening cities like New York, Kolkata and Shanghai. (常被称作“末日冰川”的思韦茨冰川（Thwaites glacier）面积广阔，规模堪比英国或美国佛罗里达州。仅这一座冰川崩塌，就会导致海平面上升65厘米。更糟糕的是，这种情况预计还会使南极洲西部的冰盖出现更广泛的消融，进而引发3.3米的灾难性海平面上升，并对纽约、加尔各答、上海等城市构成威胁。)”可知，对思韦茨冰川的主要担忧是它可能危及全球海岸线。故选A项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“These discoveries include the fact that Thwaites glacier is in a delicate condition, as it rests on a bed of rock that is well below sea level and is being melted from the underside by warmer seawater.(这些发现包括一个事实：思韦茨冰川正处于脆弱状态。因为它坐落于一片远低于海平面的岩石基底之上，且底部正被更温暖的海水持续融化。)”可知，冰川从底部流失质量导致其状况脆弱。故选D项。 3．细节理解题。根据第五段““It’s not going to lead to a disastrous retreat next year or the year after, but we are very sure that Thwaites is going to continue to retreat, and ultimately, the retreat is going to speed up,” says Rob Larter at the British Antarctica Survey, another member of the team. (英国南极调查局的罗布・拉特尔（Rob Larter）也是该研究团队的成员，他表示：“这并不会导致思韦茨冰川在明年或后年就出现灾难性退缩，但我们非常确定，它会持续退缩，并且最终，退缩速度还会加快。”)”可知，拉特尔认为冰川消退速度会加快。故选C项。 4．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章前半部分强调思韦茨冰川崩塌会引发灾难性海平面上升，且消退速度将加快，体现“紧急性”；再根据最后一段“The slightly better news is that we still have time to influence how rapidly this process occurs by making substantial efforts to reduce carbon emissions. (稍好的消息是，我们仍有时间通过大力减少碳排放，来影响这一过程的速度。)”可知，作者又给出改善的可能，体现“有希望”。故选A项。 The age of pre-sorting mixed plastic waste may soon be over. The secret weapon? A cheap catalyst (催化剂) that targets one of our most problematic plastics. Even after decades of worldwide efforts, recycling plastic is still hard to do. The main troublemakers are a group of plastics called polyolefins (聚烯烃). Humans produce about 300 million tons of plastic products globally each year, and about 220 million tons of them are made from polyolefins. Most of these polyolefin products are single-use items like milk bottles, trash bags, and juice boxes. “Basically, almost everything in your refrigerator is made from polyolefins,” said Yosi Kratish, a chemist at Northwestern University. Plastics are usually broken down with catalysts — substances that use weak chemical bonds to help them break apart. But polyolefins are different. They resist breaking down because their carbon-carbon bonds are very strong and hard to react with. As a result, less than 10 percent of polyolefin products are recycled each year. Current solutions are not true answers: the plastics can be cut up, melted, and made into small low-quality plastic pieces, but human sorting is still required, and even small food bits can ruin a whole group. Burning polyolefins works but needs very high temperatures, as hot as 1,292 °F. Kratish’s team focused on hydrogenolysis, a process that uses hydrogen gas and a catalyst to turn plastics into useful fuel-like chemicals. Old hydrogenolysis methods needed very high heat and expensive metals like platinum. The new method uses a cheaper choice — cationic nickel (镍). Unlike other nickel-based catalysts with many reaction sites, this one has only a single site, allowing it to cut the strong carbon-carbon bonds at lower temperatures and with less hydrogen gas. Surprisingly, the catalyst even works with dirty plastics like PVC． “Adding PVC to a recycling mixture has always been forbidden. But apparently, it makes our process even better,” Kratish said. If it can work widely, this discovery could reduce the need for time-consuming pre-sorting and greatly cut down on the amount of microplastics released into the environment every day. 1．What can we learn from paragraph 2? A．Polyolefin-based items are rarely used in daily life. B．A large quantity of plastic products are polyolefin-based. C．Most polyolefin products are designed for long-term use. D．Recycling polyolefins has been highly successful globally. 2．What is the key challenge in recycling polyolefins according to the text? A．The inability to handle soiled plastics. B．The high cost of hydrogen gas required. C．The lack of effective sorting technology. D．The strong chemical bonds resisting breakdown. 3．How does the new catalyst improve upon previous methods? A．It removes the need to sort plastic first. B．It needs costly metals to work efficiently. C．It works at lower heat with less hydrogen. D．It operates when plastics are clean and sorted. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．Problems with plastic waste and recycling B．Polyolefins are troublemakers in recycling C．New methods to make plastics more safely D．Easier plastic recycling is around the corner 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种廉价镍催化剂可在低温下高效分解聚烯烃，有望大幅提升塑料回收率并减少微塑料污染。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Humans produce about 300 million tons of plastic products globally each year, and about 220 million tons of them are made from polyolefins. 人类每年在全球生产约3亿吨塑料制品，其中约2.2亿吨由聚烯烃制成)”可知，大量塑料制品是以聚烯烃为原料的。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“They resist breaking down because their carbon-carbon bonds are very strong and hard to react with. (它们难以分解是因为它们的碳-碳键非常牢固，很难发生反应)”可知，回收聚烯烃的关键挑战是其强化学键难以分解。故选D项。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Unlike other nickel-based catalysts with many reaction sites, this one has only a single site, allowing it to cut the strong carbon-carbon bonds at lower temperatures and with less hydrogen gas. (与其他有许多反应位点的镍基催化剂不同，这种催化剂只有一个反应位点，这使得它可以在较低的温度和较少的氢气下切断强碳-碳键)”可知，新催化剂在更低温度和更少氢气下即可发挥作用。故选C项。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“The age of pre-sorting mixed plastic waste may soon be over. The secret weapon? A cheap catalyst (催化剂) that targets one of our most problematic plastics. (预分类混合塑料垃圾的时代可能很快就会结束。秘密武器？一种针对我们最棘手的塑料的廉价催化剂)”可知，文章围绕一种廉价镍催化剂展开，指出这种催化剂能低温高效分解聚烯烃，可能终结塑料预分类时代。因此，D项“更简单的塑料回收即将实现”最契合文章主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选D项。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $