Unit 8 Safe and sound 单元话题（自然灾害与防范）阅读回答问题进阶练15篇-2025-2026学年八年级英语上册重难点讲练全攻略（译林版2024）

2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 8 Safe and sound 单元话题（自然灾害与防范）阅读回答问题进阶练15篇 说明：此专题分三个难度层次，基础入门训练<进阶拓展训练< 能力综合实践，老师根据学生实际情况进行针对性难度训练。 基础入门训练5篇 阅读下面短文，简略回答问题。 It’s normal to meet with a rainstorm on summer afternoons. Rainstorms are very dangerous for people and they can even kill people. So how can we stay safe during a rainstorm? Before a rainstorm When the sky suddenly turns dark and the wind becomes strong, it means a dangerous rainstorm might be coming. If there is lightning, don’t wait for rain. Act right away. At the first flash of lightning, quickly get into a building. During a rainstorm When you are indoors, be careful. It is not smart to go near doors or windows. Rain and wind can blow in or even break them. Do not use anything that runs on electricity (电), either. Water and electrical lines are like roads for lightning. You can’t use the phone. Lightning can travel through the phone line and hit you. If you can’t get to somewhere safe, stay out in the open. You may feel safe under a tree, but that is not a good place to be. The lightning could hit the tree and travel through the tree to hit you. Try to find a low place to stay in. After a rainstorm You should also be careful after the rainstorm stops. There is always too much water on the roads, so you should never drive or walk through a flooded road. You should watch your pets closely. Keep them indoors if possible. 1．When is it normal for a rainstorm to happen? 2．What does it mean when the sky suddenly turns dark and the wind becomes strong? 3．What should we do at the first flash of lightning? 4．Why shouldn’t we stay under a tree during a rainstorm? 5．Do you like rainy days? Why or why not? 【答案】1．On summer afternoons. 2．It means a dangerous rainstorm might be coming. 3．We should quickly get into a building. 4．Because the lightning could hit the tree and travel through the tree to hit us. 5．Yes, I do. Because rainy days make the air fresh./ No, I don’t. Because it’s not convenient to go out on rainy days. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文是暴雨天气的安全指南，详细介绍了暴雨来临前、暴雨期间和暴雨结束后的安全注意事项。 1．根据“It’s normal to meet with a rainstorm on summer afternoons”可知，夏季下午遇到暴雨是正常的。故填On summer afternoons. 2．根据“When the sky suddenly turns dark and the wind becomes strong, it means a dangerous rainstorm might be coming”可知，当天空突然变暗，风变强时，意味着一场危险的暴雨可能即将来临。故填It means a dangerous rainstorm might be coming. 3．根据“At the first flash of lightning, quickly get into a building”可知，在第一次闪电时，应迅速进入建筑物。故填We should quickly get into a building. 4．根据“The lightning could hit the tree and travel through the tree to hit you”可知，在暴雨期间不应该待在树下，因为闪电可能会击中树并通过树击中你。故填Because the lightning could hit the tree and travel through the tree to hit us. 5．开放性作答，结合实际，言之有理即可。参考答案为Yes, I do. Because rainy days make the air fresh./ No, I don’t. Because it’s not convenient to go out on rainy days. Have you ever seen a storm? Lots of things can happen when there is a storm. It can rain. The wind can blow. The sky can be dark. And all the lights in your house can go out. When all the lights go out, your house is dark. It is a problem because you cannot do certain things in the dark. You cannot read or write. It is hard to put on clothes. It is hard to feed your pet. It is hard to walk because you cannot see well. When all the lights go out, you can wait until the storm goes away. Then the lights may go back on. But it is not interesting to wait and wait! To make things better, it is a good idea to make the dark interesting. You can light candles. The fire on the candles will give the house light. Then you can play a game with your family. Maybe you can use the light to read. Or you can tell an interesting story in the dark. 1．What can happen when there is a storm? 2．Why is it hard to walk in the dark? 3．When may the lights go back on? 4．What can you do to make the dark interesting when there is a storm? 【答案】1．It can rain. The wind can blow. The sky can be dark. And all the lights in the house can go out. 2．Because you cannot see well. 3．After the storm goes away. 4．I can light candles and ask my mother to tell an interesting story. (开放性题目，答案不唯一。意思合理、表达正确即可) 【导语】本文主要描述了暴风雨来临时可能发生的情况，在黑暗中行走的困难，灯光何时会恢复，以及如何在暴风雨造成的黑暗中让生活变得有趣。 1．根据原文“Lots of things can happen when there is a storm. It can rain. The wind can blow. The sky can be dark. And all the lights in your house can go out.”可知，暴风雨来临时，可能会下雨，刮风，天空变暗，家里的所有灯都可能熄灭。故填It can rain. The wind can blow. The sky can be dark. And all the lights in the house can go out. 2．根据原文“It is hard to walk because you cannot see well.”可知，因为在黑暗中看不清楚，所以走路很困难。故填Because you cannot see well. 3．根据原文“When all the lights go out, you can wait until the storm goes away. Then the lights may go back on.”可知，可以等到暴风雨过去，之后灯可能会重新亮起。故填After the storm goes away. 4．这是一个开放性问题，答案因人而异。可以根据文章内容和常识来回答。故填I can light candles and ask my mother to tell an interesting story. (开放性题目，答案不唯一。意思合理、表达正确即可) It can be very dangerous if there is a flood. It can happen with no notice and can usually wash trees and cars away, even break buildings. What should you do when the flood comes? Please read carefully the following information. ●Stay away from rivers and bridges, because floods can cause rivers to move quickly and bridges to fall down. ●Listen to emergency broadcasts for further information. If it asks you to move somewhere else, do so. ●If you are staying inside a car, get out when the water begins to flood the car itself. Then move to the top of it. ●If you have to stay in a building at the time of a flood, move to the highest floor. Only move to the roof if necessary. Once there, ask for help and let others know where you are (such as drawing SOS on the roof). ●Don’t touch power lines (电线), because they might be broken during strong storms and floods. A fallen power line can cause water nearby to become dangerous. If someone touches it, he will die. 1．Why is it dangerous if there is a flood? 2．How many pieces of information does the passage mention? 3．When might power lines become broken? 4．What should you do if there is a flood and why? Choose two points from the passage and give reasons separately. 【答案】1．Because it can happen with no notice and can usually wash trees and cars away, even break buildings. 2．5./There are 5 pieces of information. 3．During strong storms and floods. 4．First, we should stay away from rivers and bridges, because floods can cause rivers to move quickly and bridges to fall down. Staying away from them can stop us from falling into the rivers and make us safer. Second, we should listen to emergency broadcasts for further information, because if it asks us to move somewhere else, we should do so to find a safer place. 【导语】文章主要介绍了洪水的危险性，并详细说明了洪水来临时的避险方法，包括远离河流和桥梁、听从应急广播、车内和建筑物内的自救措施以及远离电线等。 1．根据“It can happen with no notice and can usually wash trees and cars away, even break buildings.”可知，洪水可能毫无征兆地突然发生，而且通常会将树木和汽车冲走，甚至会损坏建筑物，所以是很危险的。故填Because it can happen with no notice and can usually wash trees and cars away, even break buildings. 2．根据“●Stay away from rivers and bridges…●Listen to emergency broadcasts for further information…●If you are staying inside a car…●If you have to stay in a building at the time of a flood…●Don’t touch power lines (电线)…”可知，文章介绍了五条信息。故填5./There are 5 pieces of information. 3．根据“Don’t touch power lines (电线), because they might be broken during strong storms and floods.”可知，在强风暴和洪水期间，电线可能会断裂。故填During strong storms and floods. 4．本题为开放性题目，言之有理即可，答案包括“两种具体做法”和“对应的原因”两部分。参考答案为First, we should stay away from rivers and bridges, because floods can cause rivers to move quickly and bridges to fall down. Staying away from them can stop us from falling into the rivers and make us safer. Second, we should listen to emergency broadcasts for further information, because if it asks us to move somewhere else, we should do so to find a safer place. My mother and I were staying in a town near Pompeii. The earth shook those days. That night, I was sleeping when the ground shook very hard. My mother rushed into my room to wake me up. We had to stay outside for the night. My mother was so scared. By six o’clock the next morning, many buildings were still shaking. We decided to leave the town. The road was crowded. Our coach (长途汽车) couldn’t go straight ahead. It began to move from side to side. The sea moved back suddenly, and many sea animals were left on the sand. We noticed a very dark cloud over Mount Vesuvius (维苏威火山). Soon, the cloud moved down and covered the sea. My mother asked me to continue without her, but I refused to leave her behind. We moved on while the cloud was spreading over the land like a flood. It turned day into night. The air was thick with smoke and ash (灰烬) began to fall in heavy showers. All around us, women were calling, children were crying and men were shouting. Thankfully, after a while, the daylight returned! Everything was covered in ash, like the snow in winter. After a night of living between hope and fear, we had no thoughts of things to come. 根据短文内容回答问题。 1．Where were the writer and her mother staying? 2．Why did they decide to leave the town? 3．Did they stay with each other when danger came? 【答案】1．They were staying in a town near Pompeii. 2．Because the ground shook very hard and many buildings were still shaking. 3．Yes, they did. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了和母亲在庞贝附近小镇遭遇火山爆发，经历危险，最终安全度过的经历。 1．根据“My mother and I were staying in a town near Pompeii.”可知，作者和她的母亲待在庞贝附近的一个小镇，故填They were staying in a town near Pompeii. 2．根据“That night, I was sleeping when the ground shook very hard. By six o’clock the next morning, many buildings were still shaking.”可知，地面剧烈摇晃且第二天早上很多建筑物还在摇晃，情况危险，所以他们决定离开小镇，故填Because the ground shook very hard and many buildings were still shaking. 3．根据“My mother asked me to continue without her, but I refused to leave her behind.”可知，危险来临时他们没有分开，而是待在一起，故填Yes, they did. 阅读短文，根据题目要求完成各小题。 A powerful windstorm swept through North China this week, turning skies orange and making trees dance like crazy. According to weather reports, winds reached over 130 km/h (as strong as a tropical (热带的) storm) in mountainous areas of Beijing and Hebei, while flat areas experienced winds of 90—110 km/h. This kind of storm is very unusual for April, and it lasted for more than 48hours, knocking down street signs and forcing airplanes to cancel flights. Besides strong winds, the storm carried thick sand and dust from Mongolia and China’s northwest deserts. The thick sand and dust darkened the sky, making it look like nighttime during the day. In cities like Beijing and Tianjin, the air pollution reached the worst level possible (Air quality indexes空气质量指数500). People had to wear masks not only for health protection but also to avoid breathing in dirty air. Schools closed, parks shut down, and delivery services received many orders as people stayed indoors. The storm caused many dangers, including: * Falling signs * Flying trash and branches * Tipped-over trucks on highways Experts warned that the wind was strong enough to lift small vehicles. At the same time, heavy snowstorms in Inner Mongolia made the situation even worse. How Did People Stay Safe? Scientists gave the following advice: ☆Close windows tightly ☆Stay indoors ☆Move loose items inside One Beijing student said, "It felt like nature was challenging us." Many students had online classes, but the loud wind noises made it hard to hear. 1．What does the phrase "making trees dance like crazy" mean? 2．How fast is the wind in mountainous areas? 3．Why did the sky look like nighttime during the day? 4．What dangers did the strong wind bring? (At least two examples) 5．What advice can we take to prevent ourselves during windstorms? (At least 3 suggestions) 【答案】1．It means the strong wind made the trees shake violently. 2．Over 130 km/h. 3．Because the thick sand and dust carried by the storm darkened the sky. 4．Falling signs. Flying trash and branches. Tipped-over trucks on highways. 5．Close windows tightly. Stay indoors. Move loose items inside. 【导语】本文主要讲述了本周一场强风暴席卷华北地区的情况。 1．根据“A powerful windstorm swept through North China this week, turning skies orange and making trees dance like crazy. ”可知，一场强大的风暴席卷了中国北方，所以该短语意思是强风使树木剧烈摇晃。故填It means the strong wind made the trees shake violently. 2．根据“winds reached over 130 km/h (as strong as a tropical (热带的) storm) in mountainous areas of Beijing and Hebei,”可知，山区风速超过130公里/小时。故填Over 130 km/h. 3．根据“the storm carried thick sand and dust…darkened the sky”可知，沙尘暴携带的沙尘使天空变暗。故填Because the thick sand and dust carried by the storm darkened the sky. 4．根据“* Falling signs* Flying trash and branches* Tipped-over trucks on highways”可知，强风带来的危险包括坠落的标志和飞行的垃圾/树枝以及高速公路上被掀翻的卡车。故填Falling signs. Flying trash and branches. Tipped-over trucks on highways. 5．根据“☆Close windows tightly ☆Stay indoors ☆Move loose items inside”可知，防风措施包括关紧窗户、待在室内、把松散的东西搬进去。故填Close windows tightly. Stay indoors. Move loose items inside. 进阶拓展训练5篇 阅读短文，并根据短文内容回答问题。 Tilly, a ten-year-old girl, saved about one hundred other visitors in 2004 in a tsunami, a huge ocean wave. She knew what was happening because she learnt about underwater earthquakes (地震) at school only a few weeks’ earlier, a newspaper reported. “I was on the beach and the water started to go funny,” Tilly told the reporter from the newspaper. “There were bubbles (气泡) and the water went back suddenly. I knew there was going to be a tsunami (海啸). I told Mum,” she said. Tilly’s mother and the hotel workers acted quickly. They cleared people from the beach just minutes before a huge wave reached the land. Luckily, no one died. Tilly’s teacher was very proud of her. “She’s a very clever girl. It is very lucky that we learnt about this kind of tsunami in our science class just two weeks before Christmas,” he told the newspaper. 1．What did Tilly learn about at school? 2．How did Tilly find there was going to be a tsunami? 3．Who cleared people from the beach? 4．Which subject do you like best at school? Why? Write 15—20 words. 【答案】1．Underwater earthquakes. 2．There were bubbles and the water went back suddenly. 3．Tilly’s mother and the hotel workers. 4．I like music best. Because I like singing English songs very much and it is very relaxing. 【导语】本文主要介绍了一个十岁的女孩在2004年的海啸中救了大约一百名其他游客的事情。 1．根据“because she learnt about underwater earthquakes (地震) at school only a few weeks’ earlier”可知她在学校学习了水下地震。故填Underwater earthquakes. 2．根据“There were bubbles (气泡) and the water went back suddenly. I knew there was going to be a tsunami”可知出现了气泡，水突然回流，她知道会有海啸。故填There were bubbles and the water went back suddenly. 3．根据“Tilly’s mother and the hotel workers acted quickly. They cleared people from the beach just minutes before a huge wave reached the land”可知Tilly的母亲和酒店工作人员迅速采取了行动，就在巨浪到达陆地前几分钟，他们将人们从海滩上撤离。故填Tilly’s mother and the hotel workers. 4．开放性试题，言之有理即可。参考答案为I like music best. Because I like singing English songs very much and it is very relaxing. There was a little boy whose name was Peter. He lived in a village close to the sea. The villagers built sea walls to keep sea water from the doors of the houses. But once the sea walls almost put the village in great danger. One day, Peter was walking on his way back home along the sea wall when it began to rain. All of a sudden, he saw a hole in the wall, from which the sea water was running. Peter shouted for help but no answer came. He realized he should do something else as quickly as possible, or the sea water could be pouring over the whole village. He started to rush towards his village. At the same time, the rain became heavier and heavier. It was getting dark, but Peter rushed on and on. He felt cold and hungry. In the rainstorm, he fell down over and over again. Many times he thought about giving up, but he fought on. He remembered his father’s words, “Lots of strong men have made every effort to build the walls which can keep the village safe from danger. The sea walls are really important.” Finally, when the boy’s father saw him, Peter had been black and blue all over. The boy told the villages what had happened to the sea wall. They repaired it in time. “Thank God! He saved the village, ” they praised Peter. All the villagers called him “Peter the Guard” from then on. Peter’s parents were really proud of him! 根据短文内容, 回答下列问题. 1．Where did Peter live? 2．What did Peter do first after he saw a hole in the wall? 3．How did Peter feel when he rushed on and on? 4．Who told Peter about the importance of the sea walls? 5．Why did the villagers call Peter “Peter the Guard”? . 【答案】1．He lived in a village close to the sea. 2．He shouted for help. 3．He felt cold and hungry. 4．His father. 5．Because he saved the village. 【导语】本文是记叙文，有个名叫彼得的男孩，他住在靠近大海的一个小村庄里，村民们建造了海堤防止海水冲进家门。但是有一次海堤几乎把村庄陷入危险境地，这个男孩告诉村民海堤发生了什么事情，他们及时地修复了海堤。他挽救了村庄，彼得的父母也为他感到骄傲。 1．根据“There was a little boy whose name was Peter. He lived in a village close to the sea.”可知彼得住在靠近大海的一个小村庄里。故填He lived in a village close to the sea. 2．根据“All of a sudden, he saw a hole in the wall, from which the sea water was running. Peter shouted for help but no answer came.”可知，彼得在看见墙上有洞时首先做的是大声呼叫。故填He shouted for help. 3．根据“It was getting dark, but Peter rushed on and on. He felt cold and hungry.”可知当彼得继续跑时，他感到又冷又饿。故填He felt cold and hungry. 4．根据“Many times he thought about giving up, but he fought on. He remembered his father’s words,”可知，是父亲告诉了彼得海堤很重要。故填His father. 5．根据“‘Thank God! He saved the village,’ they praised Peter. All the villagers called him “Peter the Guard” from then on. Peter’s parents were really proud of him!”可知村民们称彼得为“彼得卫士”是因为他挽救了村庄。故填Because he saved the village. 阅读短文，然后根据短文内容简要回答问题或完成相关任务。 Two strong earthquakes hit Turkey and Syria on February 6th, 2023. A lot of buildings fell down and many people died in the earthquakes. (4) 很多人处在困境中。Turkish President described it as Turkey’s worst earthquake since 1939. International search and rescue (救援) teams rushed to Turkey to help. China sent an 82-member China Search and Rescue Team. Some Chinese civilian (民间的) rescue teams also went to help. On February 8th evening, China Search and Rescue Team found a pregnant (怀孕的) woman under the falling building. After more than six hours of rescue, the woman was rescued by Wang Mo, the head of China Search and Rescue Team, and his team members. On the morning of Feb. 12th, Wang Mo heard a man’s voice from the ruins (废墟) of a five-story building. At that time, about 150 hours had passed since the earthquake happened. The rescue teams took actions right away. After more than four hours of efforts, the man was successfully rescued. As of Feb. 14th, China Search and Rescue Team had helped save six lives and found eight casualties (罹难者). The Blue Sky Rescue Team, one of the Chinese civilian rescue teams, had saved seven lives and found 78 casualties. Chinese rescue teams risked their lives to rescue after days of round-the-clock searching. (5) It shows the Chinese spirit and the friendship between China and the other two countries. 1．When did the China Search and Rescue Team find the pregnant woman? 2．Where did the Chinese rescue team rescue the man? 3．What do you think of Chinese rescue teams? 4．将短文中画线的句子翻译成英文。 5．将短文中画线的句子翻译成中文。 【答案】1．On February 8th evening. 2．From the ruins of a five-story building. 3．They are brave and helpful. 4．Many people were in trouble. 5．这展现了中国精神以及中国和其他两个国家之间的友谊。 【导语】本文讲述了中国救援队在土耳其地震后的救援行动。 1．根据“On February 8th evening, China Search and Rescue Team found a pregnant (怀孕的) woman under the falling building.”可知2月8日晚，中国救援队在倒塌的大楼下发现一名孕妇。故填On February 8th evening. 2．根据“On the morning of Feb. 12th, Wang Mo heard a man’s voice from the ruins (废墟) of a five-story building.”可知2月12日上午，王墨在一座5层楼建筑的废墟里听到了一个男人的声音，随后救出了他。故填From the ruins of a five-story building. 3．开放性试题，言之有理即可，参考答案为They are brave and helpful. 4．根据句意可知，该句为陈述句。many people“很多人”，be in trouble“处在困境中”，主语为复数，句子为一般过去时，be动词应用were，且句首首字母要大写。故填Many people were in trouble. 5．根据“It shows the Chinese spirit and the friendship between China and the other two countries.”可知，it“它”(指前文提到的救援“这件事”)，shows“展示”，the Chinese spirit“中国精神”，and“和”，the friendship“友谊”，between…and…“在……和……之间”，China“中国”，the other two countries“其他两个国家”。故填：这展现了中国精神以及中国和其他两个国家之间的友谊。 Natural disasters can hit anywhere, anytime, and being prepared is the key to staying safe. Earthquakes, typhoons, and floods are common natural disasters that can cause terrible damage and bring serious threats (威胁) to safety. Earthquakes suddenly shake the ground, often without warning. To stay safe during an earthquake, people had better “Drop, Cover, and Hold On” until the shaking stops. You can find a strong table to hide under and hold on. Typhoons, known as hurricanes or cyclones in other parts of the world, can lead to strong winds and too much rain. Before a typhoon arrives, storing necessary things like food, water, and batteries is important. Floods can happen when rivers overflow because of too much rain. To prepare well, avoid building homes in the areas where floods often happen and place important electrical appliances (电器) up off the ground in your home. Having an emergency plan is also a must. By understanding these disasters and taking action, people can reduce the risk of harm and recover (恢复) more quickly after disasters happen. 1．How many kinds of natural disasters are mentioned in the text? 2．Why are people advised to “Drop, Cover, and Hold On” until the shaking stops? 3．What can typhoons cause according to the text? 4．Which disaster do you know and how can you keep safe in it? Write 30 words or more. 【答案】1．Three/3. 2．To stay safe during an earthquake. 3．Strong winds and too much rain. 4．Fire. When a fire breaks out, we should keep calm and call 119 as soon as possible after we are safely outside. Do not take the elevator. Also, we should cover our mouth and nose with a wet cloth to protect ourselves from the harm of thick smoke. (言之有理即可) 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了地震、台风、洪水三种自然灾害以及自救措施。 1．根据第一段中“Earthquakes, typhoons, and floods are common natural disasters that can cause terrible damage and bring serious threats (威胁) to safety.”可知，本文主要地震、台风、洪水三种自然灾害。故填Three/3. 2．根据第二段中“To stay safe during an earthquake, people had better ‘Drop, Cover, and Hold On’ until the shaking stops.”可知，为了在地震中保持安全，人们最好“蹲下、躲起来、抓住”，直到震动停止。故填To stay safe during an earthquake. 3．根据第三段中“Typhoons, known as hurricanes or cyclones in other parts of the world, can lead to strong winds and too much rain.”可知，台风会导致强风和过多的雨水。故填Strong winds and too much rain. 4．开放性试题，答案不唯一，言之有理即可。参考答案为Fire. When a fire breaks out, we should keep calm and call 119 as soon as possible after we are safely outside. Do not take the elevator. Also, we should cover our mouth and nose with a wet cloth to protect ourselves from the harm of thick smoke. 阅读下面短文，简略回答问题。 There are some things in nature that we cannot stop from happening. A flood comes when there is too much water on the land. Sometimes, it is after a big storm when too much rain falls on the land. The fast flood water can hurt us and destroy our home. We cannot stop a flood from coming, but we can try to stop the water from coming into our homes. We can try to stop the water by making a wall. We can use sandbags to make the wall. An earthquake comes when the land moves. The land goes up and down and even cracks (断裂). We can get hurt by things that fall down in an earthquake. We cannot stop an earthquake from coming, but we can try to make our homes strong so that they do not fall down in an earthquake. A tornado (龙卷风) is the fast air that goes around and around over the land. A tornado can pick up anything. It can break anything that is on the way. A hurricane (飓风) is a big storm with fast strong winds and heavy rains. It begins on the sea and can come onto the land. Its fast winds can hurt us and destroy our homes. We cannot stop a tornado or a hurricane from coming, but we can get out of its way. We cannot stop the power of nature, but we can go to places where we can be safe. 1．When does a flood come? 2．Why should we try to make our homes strong? 3．How can we try to stop the water? 4．What harm can a tornado do? (写出一个答案即可) 5．When facing a tornado or a hurricane, what can we do? 【答案】1．When there’s too much water on the land. 2．To make sure they don’t fall down. 3．By making a wall. 4．A tornado can pick up anything./ It can break anything. 5．We can get out of its way.（答案不唯一） 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了洪水、地震、龙卷风、飓风这些自然现象的成因、危害以及人们面对它们时可以采取的应对措施。 1．根据“A flood comes when there is too much water on the land.”可知，洪水在陆地上有太多水的时候来临。故填When there’s too much water on the land. 2．根据“We cannot stop an earthquake from coming, but we can try to make our homes strong so that they do not fall down in an earthquake.”可知，我们努力让房子坚固是为了确保它们在地震中不会倒塌。故填To make sure they don’t fall down. 3．根据“We can try to stop the water by making a wall.”可知，我们可以通过筑墙来试图阻止水。故填By making a wall. 4．根据“A tornado can pick up anything. It can break anything that is on the way.”可知，龙卷风能卷起任何东西（或能摧毁路上的任何东西）。故填A tornado can pick up anything./ It can break anything. 5．根据“We cannot stop a tornado or a hurricane from coming, but we can get out of its way.”可知，面对龙卷风或飓风，我们可以避开它们。故填We can get out of its way.（答案不唯一） 能力综合实践5篇 At 22, Amy Carter was a young and promising scientist in earthquake studies. One bad day, when she went to study in an area where earthquakes often happened, a big earthquake came. The ground shook hard, and many buildings fell down. Amy was trapped under the broken buildings for hours. When people saved her, her back and arms were badly hurt. After many operations and a long time of getting better, she could walk with a walking stick, but she couldn’t do fieldwork anymore. But Amy didn’t give up. She decided to study and work on new ideas about earthquakes. She went to study at Stanford University. There, she tried her best to make better ways to predict earthquakes. She used what she knew about earthquakes and combined it with new computer skills. Soon, she had good results. Now, Amy is a famous professor at the University of California, Berkeley. She started a company called SeismoGuard. This company made new earthquake warning systems. These systems use many sensors and smart programs. They can find the first signs of an earthquake and tell people a few seconds or minutes before the strong shaking starts. Her work helped many people in places where earthquakes often occur. In 2023, she won a big award for her great work. She also tells her own story to encourage young students to study science. Thanks to Amy, people are more ready for earthquakes. 1．How old was Amy when the earthquake took place? 2．Amy couldn’t do fieldwork as before after the earthquake, could she? 3．What did Amy decide to do after she got hurt? 4．Where did Amy study to make better earthquake prediction ways? 5．How do the earthquake warning systems from SeismoGuard work? 6．What can you learn from Amy’s story? 【答案】1．22. 2．No, she couldn’t. 3．She decided to study and work on new ideas about earthquakes. 4．At Stanford University. 5．They use many sensors and smart programs. They can find the first signs of an earthquake and tell people a few seconds or minutes before the strong shaking starts. 6．回答合理即可。参考答案：We should not give up and try hard to achieve our goals. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了科学家艾米·卡特在22岁遭遇地震受伤后，没有放弃对地震研究的追求，通过努力在斯坦福大学学习并研发出地震预警系统，帮助了很多地震频发地区的人们，还获得大奖并鼓励年轻学生学习科学，展现了她坚韧不拔的精神和对科学的贡献。 1．根据“At 22, Amy Carter was a young and promising scientist in earthquake studies. One bad day, when she went to study in an area where earthquakes often happened, a big earthquake came.”可知，地震发生时艾米22岁。故填22. 2．根据“After many operations and a long time of getting better, she could walk with a walking stick, but she couldn’t do fieldwork anymore.”可知，地震后艾米不能像以前一样做实地工作了，反意疑问句根据事实回答，事实是她不能做了，故填No, she couldn’t. 3．根据“But Amy didn’t give up. She decided to study and work on new ideas about earthquakes.”可知，艾米受伤后决定研究并致力于有关地震的新想法。故填She decided to study and work on new ideas about earthquakes. 4．根据“She went to study at Stanford University. There, she tried her best to make better ways to predict earthquakes.”可知，艾米去斯坦福大学学习以找到更好的预测地震的方法。故填At Stanford University. 5．根据“These systems use many sensors and smart programs. They can find the first signs of an earthquake and tell people a few seconds or minutes before the strong shaking starts.”可知，地震预警系统利用许多传感器和智能程序，能发现地震的最初迹象，并在强烈震动开始前几秒或几分钟通知人们。故填They use many sensors and smart programs. They can find the first signs of an earthquake and tell people a few seconds or minutes before the strong shaking starts. 6．回答合理即可。参考答案：We should not give up and try hard to achieve our goals. Pictures are falling off the wall. Lights are waving. The bed is shaking. Everything is moving. What’s going on? It’s an earthquake. Earthquakes are horrible disasters (灾难) and some of them are destructive (毁灭性的). The top layer of the Earth is made up of huge pieces of rock. They move past each other all the time along fault lines (裂纹线). But sometimes two pieces get stuck together. When they finally move away from each other, they move suddenly. And this makes the land above them shake. This is the most common cause of earthquakes. During a small earthquake, you will feel a little shaking. But during a strong one, you will be thrown about. A strong earthquake is very horrible. Cracks will appear on the ground and windows and doors will break. Buildings will even fall down. So watch out! If an earthquake happens at sea, it can make big waves called “tsunamis” (海啸). When these waves reach land, they can destroy villages. Earthquakes are measured (测量) on a scale (等级) of 0—9. It is called the Richter scale. A size 9 earthquake is the strongest and most dangerous. Since 1900, more than two million people have died in earthquakes. In 1976, a size 7.8 earthquake hit Tangshan, China. It killed more than 240,000 people. Many earthquakes happened in China, so it is important for us to know what to do when an earthquake hits. Here are some tips on how to stay safe in an earthquake. Indoors ◆Hide under a desk or bed. Stay away from windows and anything that could fall on you. ◆Do not get into a lift during an earthquake! When an earthquake has ended, stay under the desk until it is really safe to get up. ◆Open a window and get out of the building quickly if the gas line in your house is broken. Outdoors ◆Move away from buildings and street lights. ◆Do not run outside if you are in a shop and far from the door. ◆Make sure you wear shoes after an earthquake. There may be broken glass on the ground. 每题答案不超过10个词。 1．What will happen when an earthquake happens at sea? 2．How are earthquakes measured? 3．We don’t need to wear shoes after an earthquake, do we? 4．Why should we move away from buildings and street lights when an earthquake happens? 5．According to the passage, what is the common cause of an earthquake? 【答案】1．It can make big waves called “tsunamis”. 2．Earthquakes are measured on a scale of 0—9. 3．Yes, we do. 4．To avoid being injured by falling objects. 5．The huge pieces of rock suddenly moving apart. 【导语】本文介绍了地震的成因、危害等级、历史案例及安全防护措施。 1．根据“If an earthquake happens at sea, it can make big waves called ‘tsunamis’ (海啸).”可知，当地震发生在海上时，会引发海啸。故填It can make big waves called “tsunamis”. 2．根据“Earthquakes are measured on a scale of 0—9. It is called the Richter scale”可知，地震通过里氏震级（0-9级）测量。故填Earthquakes are measured on a scale of 0—9. 3．根据“Make sure you wear shoes after an earthquake. There may be broken glass”可知，地震后需穿鞋以防碎玻璃。故填Yes, we do. 4．根据“Move away from buildings and street lights.”和上下文对建筑物倒塌的描述可知，远离是为避免被坠物砸伤。故填To avoid being injured by falling objects. 5．根据“When they finally move away from each other, they move suddenly. And this makes the land above them shake.”可知，地震主因是地壳板块突然移动，故填The huge pieces of rock suddenly moving apart. Jim is on holiday in Australia. There are bushfires in the area where he is staying. He is telling his friend Mark about the fires. Mark: We saw the news about the bushfires. Are they close to you? Jim: Yes. They are very close. The weather is hot and windy. The conditions are ideal for bushfires and once they get started they spread quickly. Yesterday the temperatures hit 44°C and there were reports of over 50 fires in the area. It will take days to put them out. Mark: Have you seen any fires? Jim: Yes, I have. I’m staying with my uncle Ted. He’s a volunteer firefighter. He says the fires have killed a lot of animals, but no people. He says that the safest thing is to stay inside unless your house catches fire! Mark: Is it safe where you are? Jim: We’re fine. We listen to the radio to keep up to date with the latest news. So we know if a fire is coming our way. One got very close yesterday. Three houses nearby caught fire. Luckily, the families put the fires out before they did too much damage. Mark: Are you worried? Do you think you will need to move to a safer place? Jim: Bushfires are normal in Australia.They are a fact of life here. It’s a bit scary, but I am sure I’ll be fine. Mark: Well, you look after yourself! We don’t want you to be the first human victim of the year! 回答下面5个问题，每题答案不超过6个词。 1．Where is Jim on holiday? 2．What’s the weather like today? 3．What problems have the fires caused? 4．How do people get the latest news about the bushfires? 5．Why doesn’t Jim think he will need to move to a safer place? 【答案】1．In Australia. 2．It’s hot and windy. 3．They have killed lots of animals. 4．By listening to the radio. 5．Bushfires are normal in Australia. 【导语】本文为迈克向在澳大利亚度假的吉姆询问澳大利亚火灾的情况。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Jim is on holiday in Australia.”可知，吉姆在澳大利亚度假。故填In Australia。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“The weather is hot and windy.”可知，天气又热又多风。故填It’s hot and windy。 3．细节理解题。根据第五段“He says the fires have killed a lot of animals, but no people.”可知，大火杀死了很多动物，但没有人死亡。故填They have killed lots of animals。 4．细节理解题。根据第七段“We listen to the radio to keep up to date with the latest news.”可知，通过听收音机收听新闻。故填By listening to the radio。 5．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Bushfires are normal in Australia.They are a fact of life here.It's a bit scary,but I am sure I'll be fine.”可知，丛林大火在澳大利亚很正常，所以吉姆认为他不需要搬到一个更安全的地方去。故填Bushfires are normal in Australia. There are some things in nature that we cannot stop from happening. We cannot stop the power of nature. A flood comes when there is too much water on the land. Sometimes, it is after a big storm when too much rain falls on the land. Sometimes it is after a big storm at sea when too much sea water comes onto the land. The fast flood water can hurt us and destroy (破坏) our homes. We cannot stop a flood from coming, but we can try to stop the water from coming into our homes. We can try to stop the water by making a wall. We can use sandbags to make the wall. An earthquake comes when the land moves. The land goes up and down and in different directions. The land can crack (断裂). An earthquake can hurt us. We can get hurt by things that fall down in an earthquake. Falling things can start fires. We cannot stop an earthquake from coming, but we can try to make our homes strong so that they do not fall down in an earthquake. A tornado (龙卷风) is the fast air that goes around and around over the land. A tornado can pick up anything. It can break anything that is on the way. A hurricane (飓风) is a big storm with fast strong winds and heavy rains. It begins on the sea and can come onto the land. Its fast winds can hurt us and destroy our homes. We cannot stop a tornado or a hurricane from coming, but we can get out of its way. We cannot stop the power of nature, but we can go to places where we can be safe. 回答下列问题，每题答案不超过8个词。 1．When does a flood come? 2．Why should we try to make our homes strong? 3．How can we try to stop the water? 4．A tornado has many dangers. Give one example. 5．When facing a tornado or a hurricane, what can we do? 【答案】1．When there’s too much water on the land. 2．To make sure they don’t fall down. 3．By making a wall. 4．A tornado can pick up anything./It can break anything. 5．We can get out of its way. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几种危险性的自然现象及其危害；人们无法阻止自然的力量，但是我可以去做些应对的事情，以求安全。 1．根据第一段“A flood comes when there is too much water on the land.”可知，当陆地上有太多的水时，会发生洪水。故填When there’s too much water on the land. 2．根据第二段“We cannot stop an earthquake from coming, but we can try to make our homes strong so that they do not fall down in an earthquake.”可知，我们努力让我们的家坚固，目的是确保它们不会倒塌。故填To make sure they don’t fall down. 3．根据第一段“We can try to stop the water by making a wall.”可知，我们可以筑一堵墙挡住水。故填By making a wall. 4．根据第三段“A tornado can pick up anything. It can break anything that is on the way.”可知，龙卷风可以卷起任何东西，还能破坏路上的任何东西。故填A tornado can pick up anything./It can break anything. 5．根据倒数第二段“We cannot stop a tornado or a hurricane from coming, but we can get out of its way.”可知，当面对龙卷风或飓风时，我们可以避开它。故填We can get out of its way. 阅读下面短文，完成短文后的问题。 The earthquake that hit San Francisco on April 18,1906 shook down hundreds of thousands of dollars’ worth of walls and chimneys (烟囱). But the following fire burned up hundreds of millions of dollars’ worth of buildings and homes. Never before in history has a city been so completely destroyed. San Francisco is gone. The factories, the great stores and newspaper buildings, the hotels and the great houses of the rich are all gone. On Wednesday morning at a quarter past five came the earthquake. A moment later, the disaster was a fact. South of Market Street, in the working-class neighborhoods and in the factories, fires started. Within an hour of the first quake, the smoke could be seen 100 miles away. The sun was red in the dark sky. There was no stopping the fires. The firefighters to whom the task was given did their best but there was no way to organize or communicate. The railway tracks were now useIess and there was no water in water pipes. All of the ways man had made to keep the city safe were gone in the 30 seconds when the earth moved. By Wednesday afternoon, half the heart of the city was gone. At that time, I watched the disaster from a ship on the bay (海湾). Out at sea it was calm. No wind came up. Yet strong winds blew upon the unlucky city from every direction, the fire spread quickly. Soon, many buildings were gone. Wednesday night saw the destruction of the very heart of the city. Man himself had to make ruins of some of the city’s best buildings so that they would not be a danger to those on the streets. Tens of thousands of who had lost their homes left the city to look for shelter from the fires. Some were dressed only in blankets and carried the things that they had been able to rescue from the fires. But there were no fights and no pushing. Somehow this worst of disasters brought out the best in the survivors. Never in all of San Francisco’s history were her people so kind as on this night of terror. 1．Which was more destructive (破坏性的), the earthquake or the fire? 2．When did the earthquake happen? 3．Where was the writer? 4．Why did the fire spread so fast? 5．What’s the passage mainly about? 【答案】1．The fire. 2．On Wednesday morning at a quarter past five on April 18, 1906. 3．The writer was on a ship on the bay./On a ship on the bay. 4．Because strong winds blew upon the city from every direction./Because there were strong winds from every direction. 5．It is about the earthquake that hit San Francisco. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了1906年旧金山地震及随后引发的大火给城市带来的毁灭性灾难，以及在灾难中人们的表现。 1．根据第一段“But the following fire burned up hundreds of millions of dollars’ worth of buildings and homes.”以及“Never before in history has a city been so completely destroyed.”可知，地震震倒了价值数十万美元的墙壁和烟囱，而大火烧毁了价值数亿美元的建筑和房屋，城市被大火彻底摧毁，所以火灾的破坏性更大。故填The fire. 2．根据第一段“The earthquake that hit San Francisco on April 18,1906”和第二段“On Wednesday morning at a quarter past five came the earthquake.”可知，1906年4月18日星期三早上五点一刻地震发生了。故填On Wednesday morning at a quarter past five on April 18, 1906. 3．根据第三段“At that time, I watched the disaster from a ship on the bay.”可知，作者当时在海湾的一艘船上。故填The writer was on a ship on the bay./On a ship on the bay. 4．根据第三段“Yet strong winds blew upon the unlucky city from every direction, the fire spread quickly.”可知，大火迅速蔓延的原因是强风从各个方向吹向城市。故填Because strong winds blew upon the city from every direction./Because there were strong winds from every direction. 5．本文主要描述了1906年旧金山地震的发生时间、引发的大火以及大火造成的破坏，最后还提到了灾难中幸存者的表现；因此，本文主要是关于1906年旧金山的地震。故填It is about the earthquake that hit San Francisco. 20 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 21 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 8 Safe and sound 单元话题（自然灾害与防范）阅读回答问题进阶练15篇 说明：此专题分三个难度层次，基础入门训练<进阶拓展训练< 能力综合实践，老师根据学生实际情况进行针对性难度训练。 基础入门训练5篇 阅读下面短文，简略回答问题。 It’s normal to meet with a rainstorm on summer afternoons. Rainstorms are very dangerous for people and they can even kill people. So how can we stay safe during a rainstorm? Before a rainstorm When the sky suddenly turns dark and the wind becomes strong, it means a dangerous rainstorm might be coming. If there is lightning, don’t wait for rain. Act right away. At the first flash of lightning, quickly get into a building. During a rainstorm When you are indoors, be careful. It is not smart to go near doors or windows. Rain and wind can blow in or even break them. Do not use anything that runs on electricity (电), either. Water and electrical lines are like roads for lightning. You can’t use the phone. Lightning can travel through the phone line and hit you. If you can’t get to somewhere safe, stay out in the open. You may feel safe under a tree, but that is not a good place to be. The lightning could hit the tree and travel through the tree to hit you. Try to find a low place to stay in. After a rainstorm You should also be careful after the rainstorm stops. There is always too much water on the roads, so you should never drive or walk through a flooded road. You should watch your pets closely. Keep them indoors if possible. 1．When is it normal for a rainstorm to happen? 2．What does it mean when the sky suddenly turns dark and the wind becomes strong? 3．What should we do at the first flash of lightning? 4．Why shouldn’t we stay under a tree during a rainstorm? 5．Do you like rainy days? Why or why not? Have you ever seen a storm? Lots of things can happen when there is a storm. It can rain. The wind can blow. The sky can be dark. And all the lights in your house can go out. When all the lights go out, your house is dark. It is a problem because you cannot do certain things in the dark. You cannot read or write. It is hard to put on clothes. It is hard to feed your pet. It is hard to walk because you cannot see well. When all the lights go out, you can wait until the storm goes away. Then the lights may go back on. But it is not interesting to wait and wait! To make things better, it is a good idea to make the dark interesting. You can light candles. The fire on the candles will give the house light. Then you can play a game with your family. Maybe you can use the light to read. Or you can tell an interesting story in the dark. 1．What can happen when there is a storm? 2．Why is it hard to walk in the dark? 3．When may the lights go back on? 4．What can you do to make the dark interesting when there is a storm? It can be very dangerous if there is a flood. It can happen with no notice and can usually wash trees and cars away, even break buildings. What should you do when the flood comes? Please read carefully the following information. ●Stay away from rivers and bridges, because floods can cause rivers to move quickly and bridges to fall down. ●Listen to emergency broadcasts for further information. If it asks you to move somewhere else, do so. ●If you are staying inside a car, get out when the water begins to flood the car itself. Then move to the top of it. ●If you have to stay in a building at the time of a flood, move to the highest floor. Only move to the roof if necessary. Once there, ask for help and let others know where you are (such as drawing SOS on the roof). ●Don’t touch power lines (电线), because they might be broken during strong storms and floods. A fallen power line can cause water nearby to become dangerous. If someone touches it, he will die. 1．Why is it dangerous if there is a flood? 2．How many pieces of information does the passage mention? 3．When might power lines become broken? 4．What should you do if there is a flood and why? Choose two points from the passage and give reasons separately. My mother and I were staying in a town near Pompeii. The earth shook those days. That night, I was sleeping when the ground shook very hard. My mother rushed into my room to wake me up. We had to stay outside for the night. My mother was so scared. By six o’clock the next morning, many buildings were still shaking. We decided to leave the town. The road was crowded. Our coach (长途汽车) couldn’t go straight ahead. It began to move from side to side. The sea moved back suddenly, and many sea animals were left on the sand. We noticed a very dark cloud over Mount Vesuvius (维苏威火山). Soon, the cloud moved down and covered the sea. My mother asked me to continue without her, but I refused to leave her behind. We moved on while the cloud was spreading over the land like a flood. It turned day into night. The air was thick with smoke and ash (灰烬) began to fall in heavy showers. All around us, women were calling, children were crying and men were shouting. Thankfully, after a while, the daylight returned! Everything was covered in ash, like the snow in winter. After a night of living between hope and fear, we had no thoughts of things to come. 根据短文内容回答问题。 1．Where were the writer and her mother staying? 2．Why did they decide to leave the town? 3．Did they stay with each other when danger came? 阅读短文，根据题目要求完成各小题。 A powerful windstorm swept through North China this week, turning skies orange and making trees dance like crazy. According to weather reports, winds reached over 130 km/h (as strong as a tropical (热带的) storm) in mountainous areas of Beijing and Hebei, while flat areas experienced winds of 90—110 km/h. This kind of storm is very unusual for April, and it lasted for more than 48hours, knocking down street signs and forcing airplanes to cancel flights. Besides strong winds, the storm carried thick sand and dust from Mongolia and China’s northwest deserts. The thick sand and dust darkened the sky, making it look like nighttime during the day. In cities like Beijing and Tianjin, the air pollution reached the worst level possible (Air quality indexes空气质量指数500). People had to wear masks not only for health protection but also to avoid breathing in dirty air. Schools closed, parks shut down, and delivery services received many orders as people stayed indoors. The storm caused many dangers, including: * Falling signs * Flying trash and branches * Tipped-over trucks on highways Experts warned that the wind was strong enough to lift small vehicles. At the same time, heavy snowstorms in Inner Mongolia made the situation even worse. How Did People Stay Safe? Scientists gave the following advice: ☆Close windows tightly ☆Stay indoors ☆Move loose items inside One Beijing student said, "It felt like nature was challenging us." Many students had online classes, but the loud wind noises made it hard to hear. 1．What does the phrase "making trees dance like crazy" mean? 2．How fast is the wind in mountainous areas? 3．Why did the sky look like nighttime during the day? 4．What dangers did the strong wind bring? (At least two examples) 5．What advice can we take to prevent ourselves during windstorms? (At least 3 suggestions) 进阶拓展训练5篇 阅读短文，并根据短文内容回答问题。 Tilly, a ten-year-old girl, saved about one hundred other visitors in 2004 in a tsunami, a huge ocean wave. She knew what was happening because she learnt about underwater earthquakes (地震) at school only a few weeks’ earlier, a newspaper reported. “I was on the beach and the water started to go funny,” Tilly told the reporter from the newspaper. “There were bubbles (气泡) and the water went back suddenly. I knew there was going to be a tsunami (海啸). I told Mum,” she said. Tilly’s mother and the hotel workers acted quickly. They cleared people from the beach just minutes before a huge wave reached the land. Luckily, no one died. Tilly’s teacher was very proud of her. “She’s a very clever girl. It is very lucky that we learnt about this kind of tsunami in our science class just two weeks before Christmas,” he told the newspaper. 1．What did Tilly learn about at school? 2．How did Tilly find there was going to be a tsunami? 3．Who cleared people from the beach? 4．Which subject do you like best at school? Why? Write 15—20 words. There was a little boy whose name was Peter. He lived in a village close to the sea. The villagers built sea walls to keep sea water from the doors of the houses. But once the sea walls almost put the village in great danger. One day, Peter was walking on his way back home along the sea wall when it began to rain. All of a sudden, he saw a hole in the wall, from which the sea water was running. Peter shouted for help but no answer came. He realized he should do something else as quickly as possible, or the sea water could be pouring over the whole village. He started to rush towards his village. At the same time, the rain became heavier and heavier. It was getting dark, but Peter rushed on and on. He felt cold and hungry. In the rainstorm, he fell down over and over again. Many times he thought about giving up, but he fought on. He remembered his father’s words, “Lots of strong men have made every effort to build the walls which can keep the village safe from danger. The sea walls are really important.” Finally, when the boy’s father saw him, Peter had been black and blue all over. The boy told the villages what had happened to the sea wall. They repaired it in time. “Thank God! He saved the village, ” they praised Peter. All the villagers called him “Peter the Guard” from then on. Peter’s parents were really proud of him! 根据短文内容, 回答下列问题. 1．Where did Peter live? 2．What did Peter do first after he saw a hole in the wall? 3．How did Peter feel when he rushed on and on? 4．Who told Peter about the importance of the sea walls? 5．Why did the villagers call Peter “Peter the Guard”? . 阅读短文，然后根据短文内容简要回答问题或完成相关任务。 Two strong earthquakes hit Turkey and Syria on February 6th, 2023. A lot of buildings fell down and many people died in the earthquakes. (4) 很多人处在困境中。Turkish President described it as Turkey’s worst earthquake since 1939. International search and rescue (救援) teams rushed to Turkey to help. China sent an 82-member China Search and Rescue Team. Some Chinese civilian (民间的) rescue teams also went to help. On February 8th evening, China Search and Rescue Team found a pregnant (怀孕的) woman under the falling building. After more than six hours of rescue, the woman was rescued by Wang Mo, the head of China Search and Rescue Team, and his team members. On the morning of Feb. 12th, Wang Mo heard a man’s voice from the ruins (废墟) of a five-story building. At that time, about 150 hours had passed since the earthquake happened. The rescue teams took actions right away. After more than four hours of efforts, the man was successfully rescued. As of Feb. 14th, China Search and Rescue Team had helped save six lives and found eight casualties (罹难者). The Blue Sky Rescue Team, one of the Chinese civilian rescue teams, had saved seven lives and found 78 casualties. Chinese rescue teams risked their lives to rescue after days of round-the-clock searching. (5) It shows the Chinese spirit and the friendship between China and the other two countries. 1．When did the China Search and Rescue Team find the pregnant woman? 2．Where did the Chinese rescue team rescue the man? 3．What do you think of Chinese rescue teams? 4．将短文中画线的句子翻译成英文。 5．将短文中画线的句子翻译成中文。 Natural disasters can hit anywhere, anytime, and being prepared is the key to staying safe. Earthquakes, typhoons, and floods are common natural disasters that can cause terrible damage and bring serious threats (威胁) to safety. Earthquakes suddenly shake the ground, often without warning. To stay safe during an earthquake, people had better “Drop, Cover, and Hold On” until the shaking stops. You can find a strong table to hide under and hold on. Typhoons, known as hurricanes or cyclones in other parts of the world, can lead to strong winds and too much rain. Before a typhoon arrives, storing necessary things like food, water, and batteries is important. Floods can happen when rivers overflow because of too much rain. To prepare well, avoid building homes in the areas where floods often happen and place important electrical appliances (电器) up off the ground in your home. Having an emergency plan is also a must. By understanding these disasters and taking action, people can reduce the risk of harm and recover (恢复) more quickly after disasters happen. 1．How many kinds of natural disasters are mentioned in the text? 2．Why are people advised to “Drop, Cover, and Hold On” until the shaking stops? 3．What can typhoons cause according to the text? 4．Which disaster do you know and how can you keep safe in it? Write 30 words or more. 阅读下面短文，简略回答问题。 There are some things in nature that we cannot stop from happening. A flood comes when there is too much water on the land. Sometimes, it is after a big storm when too much rain falls on the land. The fast flood water can hurt us and destroy our home. We cannot stop a flood from coming, but we can try to stop the water from coming into our homes. We can try to stop the water by making a wall. We can use sandbags to make the wall. An earthquake comes when the land moves. The land goes up and down and even cracks (断裂). We can get hurt by things that fall down in an earthquake. We cannot stop an earthquake from coming, but we can try to make our homes strong so that they do not fall down in an earthquake. A tornado (龙卷风) is the fast air that goes around and around over the land. A tornado can pick up anything. It can break anything that is on the way. A hurricane (飓风) is a big storm with fast strong winds and heavy rains. It begins on the sea and can come onto the land. Its fast winds can hurt us and destroy our homes. We cannot stop a tornado or a hurricane from coming, but we can get out of its way. We cannot stop the power of nature, but we can go to places where we can be safe. 1．When does a flood come? 2．Why should we try to make our homes strong? 3．How can we try to stop the water? 4．What harm can a tornado do? (写出一个答案即可) 5．When facing a tornado or a hurricane, what can we do? 能力综合实践5篇 At 22, Amy Carter was a young and promising scientist in earthquake studies. One bad day, when she went to study in an area where earthquakes often happened, a big earthquake came. The ground shook hard, and many buildings fell down. Amy was trapped under the broken buildings for hours. When people saved her, her back and arms were badly hurt. After many operations and a long time of getting better, she could walk with a walking stick, but she couldn’t do fieldwork anymore. But Amy didn’t give up. She decided to study and work on new ideas about earthquakes. She went to study at Stanford University. There, she tried her best to make better ways to predict earthquakes. She used what she knew about earthquakes and combined it with new computer skills. Soon, she had good results. Now, Amy is a famous professor at the University of California, Berkeley. She started a company called SeismoGuard. This company made new earthquake warning systems. These systems use many sensors and smart programs. They can find the first signs of an earthquake and tell people a few seconds or minutes before the strong shaking starts. Her work helped many people in places where earthquakes often occur. In 2023, she won a big award for her great work. She also tells her own story to encourage young students to study science. Thanks to Amy, people are more ready for earthquakes. 1．How old was Amy when the earthquake took place? 2．Amy couldn’t do fieldwork as before after the earthquake, could she? 3．What did Amy decide to do after she got hurt? 4．Where did Amy study to make better earthquake prediction ways? 5．How do the earthquake warning systems from SeismoGuard work? 6．What can you learn from Amy’s story? Pictures are falling off the wall. Lights are waving. The bed is shaking. Everything is moving. What’s going on? It’s an earthquake. Earthquakes are horrible disasters (灾难) and some of them are destructive (毁灭性的). The top layer of the Earth is made up of huge pieces of rock. They move past each other all the time along fault lines (裂纹线). But sometimes two pieces get stuck together. When they finally move away from each other, they move suddenly. And this makes the land above them shake. This is the most common cause of earthquakes. During a small earthquake, you will feel a little shaking. But during a strong one, you will be thrown about. A strong earthquake is very horrible. Cracks will appear on the ground and windows and doors will break. Buildings will even fall down. So watch out! If an earthquake happens at sea, it can make big waves called “tsunamis” (海啸). When these waves reach land, they can destroy villages. Earthquakes are measured (测量) on a scale (等级) of 0—9. It is called the Richter scale. A size 9 earthquake is the strongest and most dangerous. Since 1900, more than two million people have died in earthquakes. In 1976, a size 7.8 earthquake hit Tangshan, China. It killed more than 240,000 people. Many earthquakes happened in China, so it is important for us to know what to do when an earthquake hits. Here are some tips on how to stay safe in an earthquake. Indoors ◆Hide under a desk or bed. Stay away from windows and anything that could fall on you. ◆Do not get into a lift during an earthquake! When an earthquake has ended, stay under the desk until it is really safe to get up. ◆Open a window and get out of the building quickly if the gas line in your house is broken. Outdoors ◆Move away from buildings and street lights. ◆Do not run outside if you are in a shop and far from the door. ◆Make sure you wear shoes after an earthquake. There may be broken glass on the ground. 每题答案不超过10个词。 1．What will happen when an earthquake happens at sea? 2．How are earthquakes measured? 3．We don’t need to wear shoes after an earthquake, do we? 4．Why should we move away from buildings and street lights when an earthquake happens? 5．According to the passage, what is the common cause of an earthquake? Jim is on holiday in Australia. There are bushfires in the area where he is staying. He is telling his friend Mark about the fires. Mark: We saw the news about the bushfires. Are they close to you? Jim: Yes. They are very close. The weather is hot and windy. The conditions are ideal for bushfires and once they get started they spread quickly. Yesterday the temperatures hit 44°C and there were reports of over 50 fires in the area. It will take days to put them out. Mark: Have you seen any fires? Jim: Yes, I have. I’m staying with my uncle Ted. He’s a volunteer firefighter. He says the fires have killed a lot of animals, but no people. He says that the safest thing is to stay inside unless your house catches fire! Mark: Is it safe where you are? Jim: We’re fine. We listen to the radio to keep up to date with the latest news. So we know if a fire is coming our way. One got very close yesterday. Three houses nearby caught fire. Luckily, the families put the fires out before they did too much damage. Mark: Are you worried? Do you think you will need to move to a safer place? Jim: Bushfires are normal in Australia.They are a fact of life here. It’s a bit scary, but I am sure I’ll be fine. Mark: Well, you look after yourself! We don’t want you to be the first human victim of the year! 回答下面5个问题，每题答案不超过6个词。 1．Where is Jim on holiday? 2．What’s the weather like today? 3．What problems have the fires caused? 4．How do people get the latest news about the bushfires? 5．Why doesn’t Jim think he will need to move to a safer place? There are some things in nature that we cannot stop from happening. We cannot stop the power of nature. A flood comes when there is too much water on the land. Sometimes, it is after a big storm when too much rain falls on the land. Sometimes it is after a big storm at sea when too much sea water comes onto the land. The fast flood water can hurt us and destroy (破坏) our homes. We cannot stop a flood from coming, but we can try to stop the water from coming into our homes. We can try to stop the water by making a wall. We can use sandbags to make the wall. An earthquake comes when the land moves. The land goes up and down and in different directions. The land can crack (断裂). An earthquake can hurt us. We can get hurt by things that fall down in an earthquake. Falling things can start fires. We cannot stop an earthquake from coming, but we can try to make our homes strong so that they do not fall down in an earthquake. A tornado (龙卷风) is the fast air that goes around and around over the land. A tornado can pick up anything. It can break anything that is on the way. A hurricane (飓风) is a big storm with fast strong winds and heavy rains. It begins on the sea and can come onto the land. Its fast winds can hurt us and destroy our homes. We cannot stop a tornado or a hurricane from coming, but we can get out of its way. We cannot stop the power of nature, but we can go to places where we can be safe. 回答下列问题，每题答案不超过8个词。 1．When does a flood come? 2．Why should we try to make our homes strong? 3．How can we try to stop the water? 4．A tornado has many dangers. Give one example. 5．When facing a tornado or a hurricane, what can we do? 阅读下面短文，完成短文后的问题。 The earthquake that hit San Francisco on April 18,1906 shook down hundreds of thousands of dollars’ worth of walls and chimneys (烟囱). But the following fire burned up hundreds of millions of dollars’ worth of buildings and homes. Never before in history has a city been so completely destroyed. San Francisco is gone. The factories, the great stores and newspaper buildings, the hotels and the great houses of the rich are all gone. On Wednesday morning at a quarter past five came the earthquake. A moment later, the disaster was a fact. South of Market Street, in the working-class neighborhoods and in the factories, fires started. Within an hour of the first quake, the smoke could be seen 100 miles away. The sun was red in the dark sky. There was no stopping the fires. The firefighters to whom the task was given did their best but there was no way to organize or communicate. The railway tracks were now useIess and there was no water in water pipes. All of the ways man had made to keep the city safe were gone in the 30 seconds when the earth moved. By Wednesday afternoon, half the heart of the city was gone. At that time, I watched the disaster from a ship on the bay (海湾). Out at sea it was calm. No wind came up. Yet strong winds blew upon the unlucky city from every direction, the fire spread quickly. Soon, many buildings were gone. Wednesday night saw the destruction of the very heart of the city. Man himself had to make ruins of some of the city’s best buildings so that they would not be a danger to those on the streets. Tens of thousands of who had lost their homes left the city to look for shelter from the fires. Some were dressed only in blankets and carried the things that they had been able to rescue from the fires. But there were no fights and no pushing. Somehow this worst of disasters brought out the best in the survivors. Never in all of San Francisco’s history were her people so kind as on this night of terror. 1．Which was more destructive (破坏性的), the earthquake or the fire? 2．When did the earthquake happen? 3．Where was the writer? 4．Why did the fire spread so fast? 5．What’s the passage mainly about? 8 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 13 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $