unit 1 Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas-【正禾一本通】2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修2同步课堂高效讲义配套课件（外研版）

We must all face the choice between what is right and what is easy . —J.K. Rowling 我们都必须面对在正确和容易之间的选择。 ——J.K. 罗琳 Growing up 主题语境：人与自我——认识自我、丰富自我、完善自我 Unit 1 更多模板请关注：https://haosc.taobao.com 1 课后分层练 1 Hi, I'm Xiaohe．I turned 18 recently, and it feels like a huge milestone．Now that I'm 18, I'm legally an adult．I'm not just in charge of my own life, but also expected to take responsibility for my actions．Integrity and virtue are qualities I'll always uphold．Getting my driving licence is on my to­do list．I also hope to have a say in the coming election．Maturity isn't something that comes instantly; it's a gradual process．My parents approve of my plans to study abroad, and I'm committed to devoting myself to my future career．Life after 18 will be full of varied experiences．I'll contribute to my community and work hard to distinguish myself from the rest．I'm excited to embrace this new chapter and face whatever consequences come my way． Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas Step One　Lead­in What do you think turning 18 means in terms of rights, responsibilities, and life changes? As far as I'm concerned, turning 18 means having the right to vote, driving legally, making more independent decisions, and being responsible for our own actions． Step Two　Read for the main idea Ⅰ．Match the main idea with each person． Bethany 　　　 A．The 19­year­old Chinese boy found the change to adulthood more subtle and became more socially responsible． Lin Ning B．The 16­year­old Australian girl has a strong desire to turn 18, so she can vote and drive． Morgan C．The American young man expected more independence at 18 but still lives with parents due to financial issues． 答案：Bethany—B　Lin Ning—A　Morgan—C Ⅱ．What's mainly talked about in the text? A．The rights and responsibilities of people over 18． B．Three young people's views on turning 18． C．The changes when people become 18 years old． D．The expectations of young people at the age of 18． √ 答案：B Step Three　Read for details Ⅰ．Read the forewords carefully and do the following exercise． What is the purpose of the text based on this paragraph? The purpose is to introduce that ． three young people will share their views on what turning 18 means to them Ⅱ．Read Para．1 carefully and do the following exercises． 1．Why is Bethany eager to turn 18? A．To obtain a well­paid job right away． B．To initiate a new career immediately． C．To move out of her parents' house independently． D．To vote in the next general election and take the driving test． 2．What does Bethany's mother think about the legal age for getting a driving licence? A．It should be 18 years old． B．It should be lower than 18． C．It should be 21 years old． D．It should be higher than 21． 答案：1．D　2．C √ √ Ⅲ．Read Para．2 carefully and do the following exercises． 1．How did Lin Ning feel about turning 18 before experiencing it? A．He thought it would bring slow and small changes． B．He expected to enter a completely new adult world at once． C．He believed it would not change his daily life much． D．He assumed it would make him more selfish． 2．What decision did Lin Ning make independently after turning 18? A．He decided to refuse the bank's credit card offer． B．He made up his mind to ask his parents for more money． C．He chose to sign an organ donation agreement． D．He planned to change his major at university． 答案：1．B　2．C √ √ Ⅳ．Read Para．3 carefully and do the following exercises． 1．What did Morgan assume about his life when he turned 18 originally? A．He would have a well­paid job and rent an apartment． B．He would have a low­paid job and live with parents． C．He would start a new job and save much money． D．He would get a bank loan and buy a big house． 2．Why doesn't Morgan want to get a bank loan for an apartment? A．Because he doesn't need an apartment． B．Because he doesn't want to leave his parents． C．Because he can save enough money soon． D．Because he doesn't feel ready for the commitment． 答案：1．A　2．D √ √ Step Four　Consolidation Discuss the following questions with your partners and present your answers to the class． The three young people had different experiences and feelings about turning 18．Do you think age is the only factor that defines adulthood? Why or why not? Your presentation： Age isn't the only factor for adulthood．Morgan, 18, couldn't live independently due to finances, while Lin Ning showed social responsibility and made independent decisions．Social responsibility is crucial for personal growth at 18． The Age of Majority In most countries, [1]turning 18 marks① the start of adulthood②．But what does reaching this milestone③， the age of majority④， really mean? Will you be completely in charge of⑤ your own life and able to express yourself in new and exciting ways? What new responsibilities⑥ will this freedom⑦ bring? Here, three young people tell us [2]what turning 18 means, or meant, to them． [1]动词­ing短语作主语。 [2]what引导宾语从句，并在从句中作直接宾语。 ①mark v．标志，意味着 ②adulthood n．成年 ③milestone n．重大事件，里程碑 ④the age of majority 法定成年年龄 ⑤in charge of 掌管，负责 in the charge of 由……负责； 由……掌控 ⑥responsibility n．责任，义务 ⑦freedom n．自由 Bethany　16, Victoria, Australia I can't wait to⑧ be 18．One reason is [3]that although I've been working ever since⑨ leaving school, I won't be voting⑩ in the next general election⑪．Why? Because I still won't be old enough．Surely⑫， [4]if you're old enough to earn a wage⑬ and pay taxes⑭， you should be allowed to have a say⑮ on [5]how the government spends them! I've also been taking driving lessons, and in fact I will be taking my driving test on the very⑯ day I turn 18．My mum worries about me being behind the wheel⑰． ⑧can't wait to do sth． 迫不及待做某事 ⑨ever since 自……以来 ⑩vote v．投票；选举 ⑪election n．选举 general election 大选，普选 ⑫surely adv．当然 ⑬wage n． (按小时、日或周计算的)工资，薪金 ⑭tax n．税 pay taxes 交税，纳税 ⑮have a say 有发言权 ⑯very adj． 恰好的，(特指人或事物)正是的 ⑰behind the wheel 在驾驶汽车 As an ambulance⑱ driver, she's seen a lot of car accidents [6]involving⑲ teenagers and thinks the legal⑳ age for getting a driving licence㉑ should be 21．But I think I'm already mature㉒ enough to understand [7]that driving a car also means taking responsibility for㉓my life and the lives of other people． [3]that引导表语从句，从句中含有although引导的让步状语从句。 [4]if引导条件状语从句。 [5]how引导宾语从句，作介词on的宾语。 [6]动词­ing短语作后置定语，修饰名词car accidents。 ⑱ambulance n．救护车 ⑲involve v．牵涉，涉及 ⑳legal adj．合法的 ㉑driving licence 驾照，驾驶执照 ㉒mature adj． 成熟的，明白事理的 ㉓take responsibility for 对……负责 [7]that引导宾语从句，that在从句中不作成分，可以省略；从句中还含有动词­ing短语作主语。 Lin Ning　19, Shanghai, China I celebrated my 18th birthday just before I went to university㉔．I expected to feel instantly different, [8]as if I had closed the door on my childhood㉖and stepped into a whole new adult world．But it wasn't like that．When I woke up the next day㉗, [9]there were still rules to obey㉘ and lessons to attend．In fact, the change has been more subtle and gradual than I imagined. Instead of being the selfish㉛teenager [10]I used ㉔go to university 上大学 ㉕instantly adv．立即，马上 ㉖childhood n．童年，儿童时代 ㉗the next day 第二天 ㉘obey v．服从；遵守 ㉙subtle adj．难以察觉的；微妙的 ㉚gradual adj．逐渐的，逐步的 ㉛selfish adj．自私的 to be, I have begun to feel more aware of other people and to develop a stronger sense of social responsibility㉜．To give an example, I will be signing an organ donation agreement this time tomorrow．This was a big decision for me．Of course I asked my parents for their approval㉞ first．Turning 18 also changed the way [11]that society viewed㉟ me．I was really surprised when a bank contacted me with a credit card㊱ offer．Of course, I would like to have more freedom with money and no doubt I will be getting a credit card at some point, but I currently㊲ don't have a ㉜a strong sense of social responsibility 一种强烈的社会责任感 ㉝organ donation 器官捐献 ㉞approval n．赞成，同意 ㉟view v．看待 ㊱credit card 信用卡 ㊲currently adv．目前 steady㊳ income, so getting a credit card might tempt㊴ me to spend more money than I have! [8]as if引导方式状语从句，意为“好像，仿佛，似乎”，从句使用了虚拟语气。 [9]动词不定式短语 to obey和to attend作后置定语，分别修饰名词rules和lessons。 [10]I used to be为定语从句，修饰先行词teenager，从句省略了关系代词that或who。 [11]that引导定语从句，修饰先行词the way。 ㊳steady adj．稳定的 ㊴tempt v．诱惑，引诱 tempt sb．to do sth．诱惑某人做某事 Morgan　20, Florida, the US [12]People say that 18 marks a new chapter in our lives, and that we should become more independent㊵．I used to believe this, but the reality for me has been very different．I assumed㊶ I'd already have a well­paid job and that I'd be moving into a rented apartment as soon as I turned 18, but how wrong I was! My librarian's㊷ salary means that I'll be living at home with my parents for a while longer．Because I contribute to the household㊸ bills and my commute㊹ to work is quite expensive, [13]I find it hard to save any money．I'll be starting a new job next ㊵independent adj．独立的；自主的 ㊶assume v．假定；假设；认为 ㊷librarian n．图书馆管理员 ㊸household adj．家庭的 ㊹commute n．每天上班的路程 month, however, so maybe things will get easier．I know I could get a bank loan to pay the deposit㊺ on my very own apartment, but I don't feel ready to make that kind of commitment㊻, and [14]I do like my mom's cooking．I guess some responsibilities are more about attitude than age． [12]本句中含有两个that引导的并列的宾语从句。 [13]本句中it作形式宾语，动词不定式短语to save any money作真正的宾语。 [14]句中do用来强调谓语动词like。 ㊺deposit n．订金 pay the deposit on．．． 支付……的订金 ㊻commitment n． 投入，花费；承诺 成　年 在大多数国家，进入18岁便意味着成年。但是到达成年这一里程碑到底意味着什么呢？你将完全主宰自己的生活吗？你可以用新奇的、让人激动的方式来表达自己吗？这种自由又会带来什么新的责任呢？接下来，有三位年轻人会为我们讲述年满18岁对他们意味着什么，或是曾经意味着什么。 贝萨妮　16岁，澳大利亚 维多利亚州 我简直等不及想要到18岁了。其中一个原因是虽然我一毕业就工作了，但是我依然不能在下一届大选中投票。为什么？因为我依然不满18岁。当然，如果你已经有了一份收入并且交税了，那你应该对政府在支配税收方面有一定的话语权。我也一直在学习驾驶，考驾照那天我正好18岁。妈妈十分担心我开车，作为一名救护车司机，她目睹过太多涉及青少年的车祸，她认为考驾照的法定年龄应该推迟到21岁。但是我觉得自己已经足够成熟，知道开车也意味着要对自己和他人的生命负责。 林宁　19岁，中国 上海 上大学前我刚满18岁。我曾经期待马上会有不一样的感觉，就好像自己关闭了童年的大门，踏进一个全新的成人世界。但是事实并非如此。第二天我醒来时，仍然有需要遵守的规则，需要上课。事实上，这种变化比我想象的更微小、更平缓。相比自己之前那个自私的青少年角色，我已经开始更多地关注别人，并且去培养更强烈的社会责任感。比如说，明天这个时候我将会签署器官捐赠意向书。这对我来说是一个重大的决定。当然，我首先请求父母同意。满18岁后，社会对待我的方式也变了。当有家银行联系我说让我办理信用卡时，我非常惊讶。虽然我想在花钱方面更为自由，而且毫无疑问我将在未来的某个时间获得一张信用卡，但是我现在还没有稳定的收入，所以现在办理的话可能会让我透支！ 摩根　20岁，美国 佛罗里达州 人们都说18岁意味着翻开人生的新篇章，我们应该变得更独立。我曾经也这样认为，但是事实并非如此。我以为我一到18岁就有了一份薪水不错的工作，能搬进自己租的公寓，我是多么异想天开呀！作为一个图书馆管理员，我的工资只够我继续长时间和父母住在一起。因为我要分担家庭账单，而且我的通勤费用很高，所以我发现攒钱非常困难。不过下个月我会开始一份新工作，也许情况能有所好转。我知道我可以通过贷款来支付购买自己公寓的订金，但我还无法向银行做出这种重大的承诺，而且我真的很喜欢吃妈妈做的饭。我觉得要想负起一些责任，更多的是关乎态度，而不是年龄。 election n．选举(联想：elect v．选举，推选；选择) 【教材原句】　One reason is that although I've been working ever since leaving school, I won't be voting in the next general election． 其中一个原因是虽然我一毕业就工作了，但是我依然不能在下一届大选中投票。 【要点归纳】 (1)hold an election 举行选举 win/lose an election 当/落选；选举获胜/失败 (2)elect to do sth． 决定/选择做某事 elect sb．as/to be ＋职位(职位名词前不加冠词) 【佳句必背】　Before the class monitor election, each candidate gave a passionate speech to persuade their classmates to support them．(应用文之活动介绍) 在班长选举前，每位候选人都发表了热情洋溢的演讲，以说服同学们支持他们。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①Many students elected (participate) in the challenging project to improve their practical skills． ②Hearing you (elect) as president of the Student Union, I'm writing to express my congratulations to you． ③We believe that the candidate with practical plans will win the upcoming school club (elect)． to participate were elected election 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ④我们学校下周将举行学生会主席选举，目的是选出一位有能力的领导人。 Our school aiming to select a capable leader． will hold an election for the Student Union president next week, legal adj．合法的(联想：legally adv．合法地，法律上　illegal adj．非法的，违法的　illegally adv．非法地) 【教材原句】　As an ambulance driver, she's seen a lot of car accidents involving teenagers and thinks the legal age for getting a driving licence should be 21． 作为一名救护车司机，她目睹过太多涉及青少年的车祸，她认为考驾照的法定年龄应该推迟到21岁。 【要点归纳】 It is legal/illegal (for sb．) to do sth． (某人)做某事是合法/违法的 legal holiday/age 法定假期/年龄 take legal action against 对……采取法律行动 illegally 【佳句必背】　Through the activity, students have not only been well­informed of legal knowledge, but raised the awareness of studying．(应用文之活动介绍) 通过此次活动，同学们不仅了解了法律知识，而且提高了学习意识。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①It is (legal) to drive without a valid licence, as it poses a serious threat to the safety of oneself and others on the road． ②I wonder which of two sides is (legal) responsible for the car accident． ③It is illegal for companies (pour) industrial waste into rivers without permission． ④The government is taking steps to prevent people from (illegal) hunting endangered animals． illegal legally to pour 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ⑤你一旦达到法定驾驶年龄，就可以申请驾照并开启你的驾驶之旅。 you can apply for a driver's licence and start your driving journey． Once you reach the legal age for driving, instantly adv．立即，马上(联想：instant adj． 立即的，立刻的；速食的，方便的 n．瞬间，片刻) 【教材原句】　 I expected to feel instantly different, as if I had closed the door on my childhood and stepped into a whole new adult world． 我曾经期待马上会有不一样的感觉，就好像自己关闭了童年的大门，踏进一个全新的成人世界。 【要点归纳】 (1)instantly．．．＝the instant．．． 一……就……(引导时间状语从句) (2)in an instant 立即，马上 for an instant 一瞬间，片刻 (3)instant noodle 方便面 instant coffee 速溶咖啡 【佳句必背】　(2023·浙江1月卷) She ceased her struggle the instant I picked her up．(读后续写之动作描写)我一捧起她，她就不再挣扎了。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①I hesitated an instant before raising my hand to answer the question, but then I gathered up the courage． ②When the bell rings for the end of the class, the students rush out of the classroom an instant． ③WeChat has become part of our life, and it is convenient for us to express our feelings (instant) at any time． for in instantly 【写成佳句】　一句多译 ④下课铃一响，学生们就迅速跑到操场上，准备去远足。 → the students quickly ran to the playground, getting ready to go hiking．(instant) → the students quickly ran to the playground, getting ready to go hiking．(instantly) The instant the bell rang, Instantly the bell rang, approval n．赞成，同意；批准，通过，认可[联想：approve v．赞成，同意；批准，通过(计划、要求等)approving adj． 赞成的，同意的] 【教材原句】　Of course I asked my parents for their approval first． 当然，我首先请求父母同意。 【要点归纳】 (1)ask sb．for approval 请求某人同意/批准 win/earn one's approval 赢得某人的同意/赞成/认可 approval of 同意，赞成，认可 (2)approve sth． 批准/通过某事 approve of (sb．/sb．'s) doing sth． 同意/赞成(某人)做某事 【佳句必背】　We would be grateful if our proposal could win your approval． ＝We would be grateful if you could approve our proposal．(应用文之感谢信) 如果你批准我们的提议，我们将不胜感激。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①After getting the approval the headteacher, we organized a surprise party for our classmate's birthday． ②The teacher gave an (approve) nod when I presented my well­researched argument during the debate． ③The headmaster approved of the students (organize) a charity event to raise funds for the school's library． of approving organizing 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ④(应用文之申请信)我希望我的职位申请能得到您的同意。 I'd appreciate it if my application for the position could ． win your approval assume vt．认为；假定，假设(联想：assumption n． 假定，假设) 【教材原句】　 I assumed I'd already have a well­paid job and that I'd be moving into a rented apartment as soon as I turned 18, but how wrong I was！我以为我一到18岁就有了一份薪水不错的工作，能搬进自己租的公寓，我是多么异想天开呀！ 【要点归纳】 (1)assume．．．to be．．． 假定/认为……是…… It is assumed that．．． 大家都认为……，假定…… (2)make an assumption 作出假设 based on the assumption 基于某种假设 (3)assuming/assume that．．． 假设/假定… 【佳句必背】　(2024·浙江1月卷) For a few months after the “library” opened, I didn't bother taking a look, as I had assumed that it would be stuffed full of cheese love stories．在这个 “图书馆” 开放后的几个月里，我都懒得去看一眼，因为我当时以为里面肯定塞满了俗套的爱情故事。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①They can complete the task ahead of schedule, assuming everyone works efficiently． ②We decided to go for a picnic this afternoon based on the (assume) that the weather would be fine． that assumption 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ③许多学生认为开学第一天会很无聊，但实际上，这是结交新朋友的好机会。 Many students but actually, it's a great opportunity to meet new friends． ④大家都认为课外活动在帮助学生发展兴趣和社交技能方面起着至关重要的作用。 helping students develop their interests and social skills． assume the first day of school to be boring, It is assumed that after­school activities play a crucial role in suitable adj．合适的；适宜的[联想：suit vt． 适合(某人)，满足(某人)需要；合(某人)心意 n．西装，套装] 【教材原句】　 Choose another suitable title for the passage and give your reasons．为这篇文章选择另外一个合适的标题并给出你的理由。 【要点归纳】 (1)be suitable for 适合…… be suitable to do sth． 适合做某事 (2)suit．．．to．．． 使……适合…… (3) a suit 一套西装 【佳句必背】　I believe this volunteer position is suitable for me because I have experience in organizing events and enjoy working with people．(应用文之申请信)我相信这个志愿者职位适合我，因为我有组织活动的经验，并且喜欢与人合作。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷) A torch (手电筒) along with (suit) clothing is essential for walking in the dark． ②I am suitable (work) as a library assistant because I am responsible and love reading． ③The teacher decided to suit the lesson the different learning styles of the students． suitable to work to 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ④(应用文之申请信)我认为我适合导游的工作，因为我对旅游景点有很好的了解。 I think I the job of tour guide because I have a good knowledge of the tourist attractions． am suitable for take responsibility for 对……负责 【教材原句】　 But I think I'm already mature enough to understand that driving a car also means taking responsibility for my life and the lives of other people． 但是我觉得自己已经足够成熟，知道开车也意味着要对自己和他人的生命负责。 【要点归纳】 (1)have the/a responsibility to do．．． 有责任/义务做…… It's one's responsibility to do sth． 做某事是某人的责任 a sense of responsibility 责任感 (2)responsible adj． 有责任的，负责任的 be responsible for 对……负责 【佳句必背】　As responsible students, we can play a role in promoting environmental protection along the Yellow River．(应用文之倡议书)作为负责任的学生，我们可以在促进黄河沿岸的环境保护中发挥作用。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷) Taking (responsible) for mistakes is a positive step, but don't beat yourself up about them． ②As a judge, you will be responsible evaluating the debaters' arguments, delivery, and overall performance． ③Developing sense of responsibility in students is crucial for their personal growth and future success． responsibility for a 【写成佳句】　一句多译 ④(应用文之投稿信) 这段经历总是给我一个重要的人生教训：我们应该对我们的所做所为负责。 →This experience always gives me an important lesson in life： ．(responsible) →This experience always gives me an important lesson in life： ．(responsibility) we should be responsible for what we do we should take responsibility for what we do no doubt 无疑地，必定 【教材原句】　 Of course, I would like to have more freedom with money and no doubt I will be getting a credit card at some point．．． 虽然我想在花钱方面更为自由，而且毫无疑问我将在未来的某个时间获得一张信用卡…… 【要点归纳】 (1)doubt n．怀疑，不确定；疑惑 beyond/without doubt 毫无疑问，肯定地 There is no doubt that．．． 毫无疑问…… There is some doubt whether．．． 怀疑是否…… (2)doubt v．怀疑，不确定，不信任 doubt that．．． 怀疑……(用于否定句或疑问句) doubt whether．．． 怀疑是否……(用于肯定句) (3)doubtful adj． 怀疑的，不确定的 (4)undoubtedly adv． 毫无疑问 doubtful beyond/without 【佳句必背】　There is no doubt that technology has changed the way we live and work．So we should try our best to keep pace with the development of technology．(应用文之建议信) 毫无疑问，科技已经改变了我们的生活和工作方式。所以我们应该尽我们最大的努力跟上科技的发展。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①There is some doubt the school sports meet will be held as scheduled if the weather remains so bad． ②I don't doubt the new teacher will be popular with the students, but I doubt he can manage the class effectively at first． ③She looked (doubt) when the teacher announced that the field trip would be held in rainy weather． ④It is doubt that the new teaching methods have significantly improved students' performance． whether that whether 【写成佳句】　一句多译 ⑤众所周知，体育运动在很多方面对我们有益。毫无疑问，锻炼身体能让我们身心两方面受益。 →As we know, sports do us good in many aspects． that taking exercise can help us both physically and mentally． →As we know, sports do us good in many aspects． taking exercise can help us both physically and mentally． There is no doubt Undoubtedly, as if 引导状语从句或表语从句 【教材原句】　I expected to feel instantly different, as if I had closed the door on my childhood and stepped into a whole new adult world． 我曾经期待马上会有不一样的感觉，就好像自己关闭了童年的大门，踏进一个全新的成人世界。 【要点归纳】 【佳句必背】　The old couple treated the boy so kindly as if he were their own son．(读后续写之情感描写) 那对老夫妇待那男孩很好，就好像他是自己的儿子一样。 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ①(2023·全国乙卷)室内植物可能只是看起来无所事事，但在许多方面，它们是家庭的无名英雄。 Indoor plants might look but in many ways they are the unsung heroes of the home． ②这位新员工表现得好像是个经验丰富的经理，不征求任何人的意见就做决定。 The new employee acts making decision without consulting anyone． as if he were an experienced manager, as if they just sit around not doing much, 温馨提示：当 as if/though引导的从句的主语和主句的主语一致，并且从句中有be的某种形式时，从句中主语和系动词可以省略，后面直接跟名词、形容词、介词短语、动词不定式或分词。 ③看天空中的乌云，看起来好像要下雨了。 Look at the dark clouds in the sky．It looks ． ④她表现得好像什么都没发生，尽管全班都知道这件事。 She acted even though the whole class knew about it． ⑤他表现得好像他知道这些难题的所有答案，可实际上他和我们其他人一样困惑。 He acts but in fact he is just as confused as the rest of us． as if it is going to rain as if nothing had happened, as if he knew every answer to the difficult questions, the way 作先行词的定语从句 【教材原句】　Turning 18 also changed the way that society viewed me． 满18岁后，社会对待我的方式也变了。 【要点归纳】 (1)句中that society viewed me为定语从句，修饰先行词the way；从句引导词为that，在从句中作状语。 (2)way(方式，方法)后的定语从句的引导词有两种： ①在way后面的从句中，如果引导词作主语、宾语或表语，要用that或which引导定语从句，引导词作宾语时可以省略。 ②在way后面的从句中，如果引导词作状语，则用that或in which引导定语从句，也可以省略引导词。 【佳句必背】　Knowing that you are interested in Chinese, I'd like to introduce a Chinese proverb to you—Treat others the way you want to be treated．(应用文之建议信)知道你对汉语感兴趣，我想给你介绍一句中国谚语——己所不欲，勿施于人。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①The teacher praised the way the students chose to treat difficulties in their study． ②Before leaving the lab, he checked the data in a way impressed me deeply． that that/which 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ③(应用文之人物介绍)当谈到我最尊敬的老师时，那就是我们的数学老师，他总是用一种我们能轻松理解的方式讲解问题。 When it comes to the teacher I respect most, it's our maths teacher, who explains problems in the way ． ④个人在日常生活中回收利用废物的方式能够对环境保护产生重大影响。 The way can significantly contribute to environmental protection． that we can understand easily that/in which individuals recycle wastes in their daily lives 1．integrity A.n.完整性，完好　B．n.正直诚实 ①A person with integrity is honest and has strong moral principles． ②(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)The GPNP is designed to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, and leaving behind precious natural assets (资产) for future generations”． A B D E 2．deposit A．n．订金　B．n．沉积物　C．v．放置　D．v．存储 E．v．使沉积 ①(2023·全国甲卷)Terri, who now rents a house with friends in Wandsworth, South West London, says DIY also saves her from losing any deposit when a tenancy (租期) comes to an end． ②The archaeologist carefully deposited the ancient artifact into the protective case, ensuring its safety for further study． ③As the river slows down, it deposits a layer of soil． ④The flood left a thick deposit of mud over the entire ground floor of the house． ⑤Profitable firms deposit their saving in banks, which then lend it to less profitable ones． B A C D 3．commitment A．n．(对工作或某活动)献身，奉献，投入 B．n．(资金、时间、人力的)花费，使用　 C．n．承诺，许诺，允诺承担　D．n．已承诺(或同意)的事，不得不做的事 ①The government's commitment to reduce carbon emissions is crucial for environmental protection． ②Achieving success at this level requires a commitment of time and energy． ③I'm overworked at the moment—I've taken on too many commitments． ④Society pushes us to specialize, to become experts．This requires commitment to a particular occupation, branch of study or research． B A C 4．写出句中加黑单词的词性及汉语意思 ①I loaned my camera to my friend for the weekend so she could take photos of the trip． ②The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges towards me． ③The whole household gathered around the table to enjoy a delicious dinner on New Year's Eve． v．借出 v．猛攻 n．一家人 Ⅰ.单词拼写 Ⅱ.单句语法填空 Ⅲ.完成句子 Ⅳ.课文语法填空 Ⅰ.阅读理解 Ⅱ.完形填空 minimum integrity Ⅰ．单词拼写(每小题1分，共8分) 1．Her kindness and generosity are (美德) that make her a beloved figure in the community, always ready to help those in need． 2．Helping with (家庭的) chores not only enhances students' life skills but also fosters a sense of responsibility． 3．To participate in this English composition competition, the teacher requires us to write this composition with a (最少) of 200 words． 4．In our school, (诚实正直) is highly valued, and students are encouraged to be honest in their exams and assignments． virtues household wage 5．It took only a few minutes for the (救护车) to arrive and take the old man to the nearest hospital． 6．After months of practice and several attempts, she finally passed the driving test and obtained her driver's (执照)． 7．The government offers interest­free (贷款) to students from low­income families to support their college education． 8．Earning a weekly (工资) from part­time jobs at a bookstore helps Tom cover tuition fees and daily expenses． ambulance licence loan suitable elected election librarian Ⅱ．单句语法填空(每小题1分，共8分) 1．The athlete's performance improved throughout the season, showing a devotion to training and hard work．(steady) 2．The activity plan the interests of students who love art, and the time arranged is for students' participation after regular classes．(suit) 3．The candidate in the school student council will take on the task of voicing students' opinions．(elect) 4．I'd like to show my thankfulness to the (library) who helped me find the reference I badly needed． steadily steady suits approving approval 5．With the help of the teacher, the shy new student (gradual) became more confident, making friends and participating in group activities． 6．We felt deeply inspired by their (commit) to passing down the traditional Chinese folk art to future generations． 7．Hunting endangered wild animals is not allowed (legal) as it poses a severe threat to the survival of many species． 8．With an nod, the teacher gave her for the student's creative project idea．(approve) gradually commitment legally Ⅲ．完成句子(每小题2分，共10分) 1．如果你年龄足够大，可以从事兼职工作并管理自己时间，那么你应该被允许有权决定如何支配自己的空闲时间。(be allowed to do sth．) If you're old enough to work part­time and manage your own schedule, ． 2．她走进房间，表现得好像什么都没发生一样，试图掩饰自己的紧张。(as if 引导状语从句) She walked into the room trying to hide her nervousness． 3．看起来她好像迷路了，因为她一直带着困惑的表情四处张望。(as if引导表语从句) as she keeps looking around with a confused expression． you should be allowed to have a say in how your free time is spent as if nothing had happened, It seems as if she has lost her way, 4．我不再是过去那个懒惰的学生，而是开始更加专注于学习，积极参与课堂讨论。(instead of doing) I have started to focus on my studies more and actively participate in class discussions． 5．学校在课堂上组织小组项目和讨论的方式，提高了学生的沟通能力和团队合作精神。(the way引导定语从句) The way enhances students' communication skills and teamwork spirit． Instead of being the lazy student I used to be, that the school organizes group projects and discussions in class to vote responsibility an Ⅳ．课文语法填空(每小题1．5分，共15分) Turning 18 is a significant milestone worldwide, 1 (mark) the transition to adulthood．However, the reality of becoming an adult 2 (vary) across cultures and individuals． In Australia, Bethany, 16, eagerly awaits her 18th birthday．She argues that those 3 work and pay taxes should have voting rights．She insists she is old enough 4 (vote) and deserves a voice in government decisions．Bethany will take her driving test on her birthday, and her mother believes that she should take 5 (responsible) for her life and the lives of other people．19­year­old Chinese boy Lin Ning celebrated his 18th birthday before university．Expecting 6 instant shift to adulthood, he was surprised by the marking varies who it gradual changes．Lin Ning recently signed an organ donation agreement independently, a decision 7 reflects his newfound maturity．Morgan, 20­year­old from the US, lives at his parents' home due to 8 (finance) challenges．He believes he should live 9 (independent) but all the expenses make 10 hard to save enough money． that financial independently Ⅰ．阅读理解(每小题2．5分，共20分) A (2025·浙江台州高二上期末)While enjoying the holiday with her family during the summer of 1955, Chava Willig Levy, who was only three and a half years old, suddenly developed a high fever．After rushing her to the hospital, her family received the tragic news that all families of that generation feared—their precious Chava had polio (小儿麻痹症)． Chava spent the next few months in hospital．Although she could breathe on her own after treatment, she was left paralyzed from the neck down．When she was nine, she was thrilled that she got the chance to go to school．However, it turned out that she was in a single room with a group of kids who all had mobility impairment．Some of those kids were also intellectually disabled．They weren't even allowed to eat lunch in the cafeteria． Chava now has a communication consulting firm．She even wrote a memoir about her life, titled A Life Not with Standing．Chava became an advocate for disability rights and has dedicated her life to speaking out against discrimination of disabilities in the world．During the pandemic in 2020, Chava spent most of her time inside, starting a YouTube podcast (播客) focusing on one of her passions, music． There has been positive feedback from listeners who have been touched and inspired by the songs discussed on the podcast．“Chava played a fabulous song called Mother by Tom Paxton．I was listening to it while driving，” said Barbara Schumer, a follower of Chava's podcast．“The lyrics were about adoption and I started sobbing in the car, since I have two children I adopted at birth．I wrote to her after that, and I think she's a remarkable person．” Despite her disability, Chava said, “Having a disability is an important piece of who you are, and I'm not at all in favor of living my life as if the disability is not important．But it shouldn't be the thing that holds me back from becoming stronger．” [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了Chava Willig Levy三岁时因患小儿麻痹症导致瘫痪，但后来通过努力成了一名残疾权益倡导者，并通过播客激励他人。这个故事展现了她积极面对生活的态度。 1．What can we learn about Chava from the first two paragraphs? A．She showed signs of polio at birth． B．She was delayed in polio treatment． C．She didn't have the right to education． D．She was not treated fairly at school． √ 解析：选D。细节理解题。根据第二段后面三句话的描述“事实证明，她被安排在一个单间里，与其他一群行动不便的孩子在一起，其中一些孩子还存在智力障碍。他们甚至不被允许在食堂吃午餐。”可知，她在学校受到了不公平的待遇。故选D。 2．Why does the author mention Barbara Schumer? A．To show Chava's influence． B．To advocate Chava's lifestyle． C．To praise Chava's music talent． D．To prove Chava's point of view． √ 解析：选A。推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句话的描写可知Barbara Schumer 作为听众分享了自己被 Chava 播客感动的经历，并写信表达赞赏。这一细节直接体现了 Chava 的播客对他人的积极影响，因此作者提及 Barbara Schumer是为了展示 Chava 的影响力。故选A。 3．Which of the following can best describe Chava? A．Brave and humorous． B．Devoted and positive． C．Honest and confident． D．Forgiving and patient． √ 解析：选B。推理判断题。Chava 建立咨询公司、撰写回忆录、倡导残障权益，并在疫情期间通过播客传递音乐热情，展现了她的奉献精神(devoted)。她积极面对残疾这个情况，强调 “残疾不应阻碍自己变得更强大”，体现了她的积极态度(positive)。故选 B。 4．What message does the text convey? A．Chance favors only the prepared mind． B．Every cloud has a silver lining． C．Misfortune doesn't define who you are． D．Actions speak louder than words． 解析：选C。主旨大意题。文章通过 Chava 的经历和言论，强调残疾是她身份的一部分，并未限制她的成就。她的故事传达了 “不幸(如残疾)不能定义一个人” 的核心信息。故选C。 √ B (2025·江苏扬州高二上期末)Standing on a stage, singing a folk song at a local Chinese festival, is an important memory for Kien Vuu．While he was too young to understand the words he was singing, he did understand how much he loved performing music． Vuu did not grow up to become a professional singer．Instead, he became a noted longevity (长寿) doctor．Yet he never lost his love for singing．“In my work as a doctor, I've become convinced that having hobbies is an essential part of living and aging well，” he says．In addition to boosting his mood, singing helps him bond with his family and most importantly, feel connected to his Chinese cultural traditions． A wrong view is that engaging in hobbies is a waste of time．However, Dr．Kaiser says nearly all hobbies can provide measurable positive health benefits．And the science backs this up．Multiple studies in 2021 found strong evidence that engaging in entertainment can improve our brain's networks to change and adapt．Hobbies take advantage of this flexibility and help your brain create new connections, helping you in areas beyond just that particular skill．This can be the reason why Kien Vuu, who has a passion for singing, does well in medicine． Do hobbies make us happier? Absolutely, in many ways．People who made a conscious effort each day to spend time doing hobbies showed an average boost of 8% in well­being and a 10% drop in stress and anxiety, according to a 2023 study published in Journal of Personality．Similarly, folks who reported having at least one hobby were found to have fewer depressive symptoms and higher levels of happiness, health and life satisfaction, according to a 2023 study published in Nature Medicine． Is there a right number of hobbies to have? The answer is individual．Dr．Kaiser points out while a hobby is what you can do in your spare time that brings you joy, not all hobbies are created equal when it comes to health and happiness． [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了兴趣爱好对人类身心健康有着积极的影响。 5．What is the biggest influence of loving music on Kien Vuu? A．Promoting his professional growth． B．Protecting him from physical diseases． C．Ridding him of the negative emotions． D．Feeling attached to his Chinese origin． √ 解析：选D。细节理解题。根据文章第一句话和第二段最后一句话的描述“除了提升他的情绪，唱歌还有助于他与家人建立联系，最重要的是，让他感受到与中国文化传统的联系”可知，爱好音乐对Vuu最大的影响是让他感受到和中国的联系。故选D。 6．What can the 2021 multiple studies help us understand? A．Students who are good at dancing will come out first in dancing shows． B．People who like playing Chinese chess can perform well in mathematics． C．Parents who prefer writing often have children follow in their footsteps． D．Friends who enjoy science fiction films always go to the cinema in groups． √ 解析：选B。推理判断题。根据第三段中的描述“2021年的多项研究发现，从事娱乐活动可以改善大脑的网络，使其更具适应性。爱好可以利用这种灵活性，帮助大脑建立新的联系，从而在该技能之外的领域也有所帮助。”可知，爱好可以对其他领域产生积极影响，比如喜欢下棋的人也可能在数学上表现得好。故选B。 7．How does the writer explain the findings in the last but one paragraph? A．By giving explanations． B．By raising questions． C．By offering suggestions． D．By making comparisons． √ 解析：选D。推理判断题。在倒数第二段中，作者通过比较不同研究的结果来解释爱好对幸福感的影响。这些比较帮助读者更好地理解爱好的益处。故选D。 8．What might be discussed after this passage? A．Ways of choosing personal hobbies． B．Benefits of loving performing music． C．Shortcomings of previous research． D．Approaches to doing further studies． √ 解析：选A。推理判断题。文章最后一段提到，选择爱好时需要考虑个人的兴趣和健康益处。因此，接下来可能会讨论如何根据个人需求选择合适的爱好。故选A。 Ⅱ．完形填空(每小题1分，共15分) (2025·广东肇庆高二上期末)In March 2009, in Newport harbor (港口) of Rhode Island, a woman named Ally Lewis performed a very 1 act．Two young men were in great trouble because their boat 2 in the storm．Ally, who was then 17 years old, rowed her boat through the 3 sea and saved them from the cold rainy water．She became a symbol of hope． Ally Lewis's credit as a rescuer was recognized, and she was offered the opportunity to work as a lighthouse 4 at Newport Lighthouse．By 2024, she had been working at the lighthouse for 15 years， 5 guiding ships through the vast ocean． Ally's role as a lighthouse keeper was more than just a 6 ； it was her passion．She would 7 before daybreak and stay up late into the night, watching over the waters to make sure no ships crash against the sharp rocks that 8 the harbor．Her courage and 9 did not go unnoticed but earned her the title of “Rhode Island's Bravest Woman” and a 10 medal from the state government． Despite her fame and honor, Ally remained devoted， 11 her daily duties without failing．Each day, she would row her boat, keep a lookout for ships, and climb countless steps to ensure the lamps 12 brightly even through the fiercest storms． Ally's story is an 13 for many, especially the younger generations on Rhode Island．She shows that true heroism 14 everyday acts of kindness and bravery: Anyone can be a(n) 15 by doing his or her job well． [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Ally Lewis 17岁时勇救落水者，后成为灯塔看守人，尽职奉献，成为他人榜样的故事。 1．A．simple B．brave C．common D．strange √ 解析：选B。根据后面两句的描述可知，Ally在暴风雨中划船去救处于困境中的两个年轻人，这是很勇敢的(brave)行为。故选B。 2．A．turned over B．went on C．slowed down D．sailed through √ 解析：选A。两个年轻人陷入了极大的困境，因为他们的船在暴风雨中翻了(turned over)。故选A。 3．A．silent B．shiny C．quiet D．stormy √ 解析：选D。根据上句Two young men were in great trouble because their boat 2 in the storm．可知，当时是暴风雨天气，所以大海是“波涛汹涌的(stormy)”。故选D。 4． A．keeper B．sailor C．cleaner D．director √ 解析：选A。根据下文第6空前的“Ally's role as a lighthouse keeper”可知，她被聘为灯塔的看守人(keeper)。故选A。 A．hardly B．excitedly C．tirelessly D．worriedly √ 解析：选C。此处描述Ally在灯塔工作了15年，不知疲倦地(tirelessly)引导船只穿越海洋。故选C。 A．secret B．job C．prize D．test √ 解析：选B。这里提到Ally作为灯塔看守人，这不仅仅是一份工作(job)，更是她的热爱。故选B。 A．rest B．pay C．rise D．wash √ 解析：选C。 此处描述Ally会在黎明前起床(rise)，熬夜到很晚，观察海面。故选C。 A．protected B．destroyed C．changed D．surrounded √ 解析：选D。此处描述尖锐的岩石环绕(surrounded)港口，船只可能会撞上这些岩石。故选D。 A．devotion B．confidence C．delight D．failure √ 解析：选A。Ally的勇气和奉献(devotion)精神为她赢得了“罗德岛最勇敢的女人”的称号。故选A。 A．typical B．colorful C．special D．useful √ 解析：选C。她获得了州政府颁发的特别(special)奖章。故选C。 A．ordering B．continuing C．limiting D．choosing √ 解析：选B。尽管Ally声名远扬，但她仍然继续(continuing)履行她的日常职责。故选B。 A．decorated B．showed C．held D．burned √ 解析：选D。描述灯塔的灯在暴风雨中燃烧(burned)得明亮。故选D。 A．inspiration B．occasion C．incident D．election √ 解析：选A。Ally的故事对许多人来说是一种鼓舞(inspiration)，尤其是罗德岛的年轻一代。故选A。 A．breaks down B．helps with C．works out D．lies in √ 解析：选D。她的故事表明真正的英雄主义在于(lies in)日常的善良和勇敢行为：任何人都可以通过做好自己的工作成为英雄。故选D。 A．author B．leader C．hero D．artist √ 解析：选C。Ally的故事表明做好自己的工作就能成为“英雄(hero)”。故选C。 $