主题语境 自然生态 专项训练-2026届高三英语一轮复习

主题语境——自然生态 专项训练 训练1 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Ⅰ 阅读理解 A Grizzly bears, which may grow to about 2.5m long and weigh over 400kg, occupy a conflicted corner of the American psyche—we revere(敬畏) them even as they give us frightening dreams. Ask the tourists from around the world that flood into Yellowstone National Park what they most hope to see, and their answer is often the same: a grizzly bear. “Grizzly bears are re-occupying large areas of their former range,” says bear biologist Chris Servheen. As grizzly bears expand their range into places where they haven’t been seen in a century or more, they’re increasingly being sighted by humans. The western half of the US was full of grizzlies when Europeans came, with a rough number of 50,000 or more living alongside Native Americans. By the early 1970s, after centuries of cruel and continuous hunting by settlers, 600 to 800 grizzlies remained on a mere 2 percent of their former range in the Northern Rockies. In 1975, grizzlies were listed under the Endangered Species Act. Today, there are about 2,000 or more grizzly bears in the US. Their recovery has been so successful that the US Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to delist grizzlies,which would loosen legal protections and allow them to be hunted. Both efforts were overturned due to lawsuits from conservation groups. For now, grizzlies remain listed. Obviously, if precautions(预防) aren’t taken, grizzlies can become troublesome,sometimes killing farm animals or walking through yards in search of food. If people remove food and attractants from their yards and campsites, grizzlies will typically pass by without trouble. Putting electric fencing around chicken houses and other farm animal quarters is also highly effective at getting grizzlies away. “Our hope is to have a clean, attractant-free place where bears can pass through without learning bad habits,” says James Jonkel, longtime biologist who manages bears in and around Missoula. (　)1.How do Americans look at grizzlies? A.They cause mixed feelings in people. B.They should be kept in national parks. C.They are of high scientific value. D.They are a symbol of American culture. (　)2.What has helped the increase of the grizzly population? A.The European settlers’ behaviour. B.The expansion of bears’ range. C.The protection by law since 1975. D.The support of Native Americans. (　)3.What has stopped the US Fish and Wildlife Service from delisting grizzlies? A.The opposition of conservation groups. B.The successful comeback of grizzlies. C.The voice of the biologists. D.The local farmers’ advocates. (　)4.What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A.Food should be provided for grizzlies. B.People can live in harmony with grizzlies. C.A special path should be built for grizzlies. D.Technology can be introduced to protect grizzlies. B As cities balloon with growth, access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find. If you’re lucky, there might be a pocket park near where you live, but it’s unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild. Past research has found health and wellness benefits of nature for humans, but a new study shows that wildness in urban areas is extremely important for human well-being. The research team focused on a large urban park. They surveyed several hundred park-goers, asking them to submit a written summary online of a meaningful interaction they had with nature in the park. The researchers then examined these submissions, coding (编码) experiences into different categories. For example, one participant’s experience of “We sat and listened to the waves at the beach for a while” was assigned the categories “sitting at beach” and “listening to waves”. Across the 320 submissions, a pattern of categories the researchers call a“nature language” began to emerge. After the coding of all submissions, half a dozen categories were noted most often as important to visitors. These include encountering wildlife, walking along the edge of water, and following an established trail. Naming each nature experience creates a usable language, which helps people recognize and take part in the activities that are most satisfying and meaningful to them. For example, the experience of walking along the edge of water might be satisfying for a young professional on a weekend hike in the park. Back downtown during a workday, they can enjoy a more domestic form of this interaction by walking along a fountain on their lunch break. “We’re trying to generate a language that helps bring the human-nature interactions back into our daily lives. And for that to happen, we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it,”said Peter Kahn, a senior author of the study. (　)5.What is the phenomenon the author describes at the beginning of the text? A.Pocket parks are now popular. B.Wild nature is hard to find in cities. C.Many cities are overpopulated. D.People enjoy living close to nature. (　)6.Why did the researchers code participant submissions into categories? A.To compare different types of park-goers. B.To explain why the park attracts tourists. C.To analyse the main features of the park. D.To find patterns in the visitors’ summaries. (　)7.What can we learn from the example given in Paragraph 5? A.Walking is the best way to gain access to nature. B.Young people are too busy to interact with nature. C.The same nature experience takes different forms. D.The nature language enhances work performance. (　)8.What should be done before we can interact with nature according to Kahn? A.Language study. B.Environmental conservation. C.Public education. D.Intercultural communication. Ⅱ 阅读七选五 It could be said trees naturally call for attention as they climb towards the sky with their arms outstretched. 1.　　　　As we move through our daily life, trees seem to play the role of a backdrop.  Trees are beneficial to the quality and health of our lives, our homes, and our planet. Rooted to a single spot, they appear still. 2.　　　　 Trees are rarely lazy. In fact, they are workhorses of the environment as the impact of their hard work carries miles farther than the ground in which they stand.  Trees are the most cost-effective tool in the fight against climate change. Trees clean the air and clear up carbon. They foster biodiversity and support critical habitats.For example, ring-tailed lemurs are considered one of the most endangered creatures on the planet. One of the reasons is that half of the forests they depend on were cut down. 3.　　　  Trees can save our lives too. Reports indicate in 2022 alone, heatwaves across Europe caused an estimated 20,000 deaths. Scientists point to trees as a way to protect these urban heat islands, saying that increasing Europe’s tree shade by 30% could prevent thousands of deaths. 4.　　　　In fact, doctors in Canada are so convinced of nature’s benefits for the mind and body that they start prescribing patients free passes to national parks.  5.　　　　In some communities, trees are an important food source.In others, they’re a symbol of environmental recovery. When planted near streams and rivers, they clean and filter the water. When planted in the right place, trees can help you bring down energy costs for your home.  A.Where there’s a need, trees can fill it. B.However, it’s still easy for us to ignore them. C.But that stillness has nothing to do with laziness. D.Humans aren’t always dependent on treetops for shelter. E.An animal may seek an escape from your dog in the backyard. F.Being around trees can also improve our physical and mental health. G.Actually, trees are home to 80% of all animals, plants, and insects on land. Ⅲ 应用文写作 5月19日是濒危物种日(Endangered Species Day),为提高保护野生动植物的意识,你受学生会委托在校英文报发布一则倡议书,具体内容包括: 1.倡议目的; 2.你的建议; 3.你的呼吁。 注意:写作词数应为80个左右。 Dear fellow students,                   训练2 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Ⅰ 完形填空 As a florist, I spent hours arranging the display for an event. But a day later, it was unwanted and thrown away 　1　. I wanted to do something with it, believing many of the flowers still in good condition could be 　2　.  Thinking I could make the most of these beautiful 　3　, I started taking home as many as possible, and giving them to hospitals, but there were still many 　4　. Then, one day I had an 　5　.  I began repurposing some of them into 　6　 items. A pink agapanthus (百子莲)became a necklace, while I used a banksia (山龙眼) as a giant headpiece. A friend, Lily was attractive, with the orange flowers on her 　7　, which looked like a famous hairstyle. And some of my creations were 　8　 by another friend.  Sharing the photos on the social media got people 　9　. Many were 　10　 at how wasteful the floral industry could be. By then, I found more 　11　. My artworks showed me that we really could 　12　 flowers. On Valentine’s Day, there were so many 　13　 roses that I wove them together into a giant red suit, which Lily wore while walking through the city.  I think my work is 　14　 the ideas about beauty. Something that people might think is 　15　 for the bin can really have a whole other life. So I hope people can think more about what they throw out.  1.A.specially B.patiently C.intentionally D.carefully 2.A.refunded B.reused C.returned D.recommended 3.A.stages B.displays C.plants D.memories 4.A.left over B.taken over C.looked over D.got over 5.A.interview B.accident C.opportunity D.idea 6.A.sales B.work C.study D.fashion 7.A.way B.head C.list D.back 8.A.created B.approved C.identified D.photographed 9.A.performing B.talking C.competing D.succeeding 10.A.alarmed B.relieved C.shocked D.embarrassed 11.A.possibilities B.statistics C.standards D.examples 12.A.purchase B.wear C.choose D.generate 13.A.unwanted B.indoor C.beautiful D.fake 14.A.comprising B.classifying C.changing D.collecting 15.A.convenient B.enough C.essential D.fit Ⅱ 语法填空 The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park (GPNP). 1.　　　　　　 (cover) an area about three times 2.　　　　　　 size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that 3.　　　　　　 (be) previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority 4.　　　　　　　 (increase) effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.  After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP 5.　　　　　 (design) to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity (完整性) of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, 6.　　　　　　 leaving behind precious natural assets (资产) for future generations”. The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate 7.　　　　　　(population)and homes of giant pandas, and 8.　　　　　　 (eventual) achieve a desired level of population in the wild.  Giant pandas also serve 9.　　　　　　 an umbrella species (物种), bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species 10.　　　　　　 live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.  Ⅲ 读后续写 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I was invited to a cookout on an old friend’s farm in western Washington. I parked my car outside the farm and walked past a milking house which had apparently not been used in many years. A noise at a window caught my attention, so I entered it. It was a hummingbird (蜂鸟), desperately trying to escape. She was covered in spiderwebs (蜘蛛网) and was barely able to move her wings. She ceased her struggle the instant I picked her up. With the bird in my cupped hand, I looked around to see how she had gotten in. The broken window glass was the likely answer. I stuffed a piece of cloth into the hole and took her outside, closing the door securely behind me. When I opened my hand, the bird did not fly away; she sat looking at me with her bright eyes. I removed the sticky spiderwebs that covered her head and wings. Still, she made no attempt to fly. Perhaps she had been struggling against the window too long and was too tired? Or too thirsty? As I carried her up the blackberry-lined path towards my car where I kept a water bottle, she began to move. I stopped, and she soon took wing but did not immediately fly away. Hovering (悬停), she approached within six inches of my face. For a very long moment, this tiny creature looked into my eyes, turning her head from side to side. Then she flew quickly out of sight. During the cookout, I told my hosts about the hummingbird incident. They promised to fix the window. As I was departing, my friends walked me to my car. I was standing by the car when a hummingbird flew to the centre of our group and began hovering. She turned from person to person until she came to me. She again looked directly into my eyes, then let out a squeaking call and was gone. For a moment, all were speechless. Then someone said, “She must have come to say goodbye.” 注意:续写词数应为150个左右。 Paragraph 1: A few weeks later, I went to the farm again.      Paragraph 2: I was just about to leave when the hummingbird appeared.      答案 训练1 ⅠA 文章大意： 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了灰熊的数量在美国的变化以及其背后的原因。 1.A　细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“Grizzly bears, which may grow to about 2.5m long and weigh over 400kg, occupy a conflicted corner of the American psyche—we revere (敬畏) them even as they give us frightening dreams.”可知,灰熊给美国人带来的矛盾心理——他们敬畏它们,即使它们会给他们带来噩梦。由此可知,美国人对灰熊有复杂的感情。故选A。 2.C　细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“In 1975, grizzlies were listed under the Endangered Species Act.”和第四段中的“Today, there are about 2,000 or more grizzly bears in the US. Their recovery has been so successful…”可知,灰熊数量增加是因为1975年灰熊被列入了《濒危物种法案》。由此可知,正是由于法案的保护,今天的灰熊数量才增加到2000只左右。故选C。 3.A　细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“Both efforts were overturned due to lawsuits from conservation groups.”可知,由于来自保护组织的诉讼,这两项努力都被推翻了。故选A。 4.B　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的内容,尤其是James Jonkel的话“Our hope is to have a clean,attractant-free place where bears can pass through without learning bad habits…” 可知,实施一些预防措施,灰熊就不会学到坏习惯,人们就可以与灰熊和谐共处。故选B。 B 文章大意： 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了城市化进程使得人类与自然的接触逐渐减少,尤其是在城市中找到原生态环境的机会越来越少,而研究表明城市中的原生态环境对人类的健康和幸福感极为重要。 5.B　细节理解题。根据第一段中“As cities balloon with growth, access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find.”和“…it’s unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild.”可知,随着城市迅猛发展,城市居民与自然环境的接触逐渐减少,在城市里找到相对天然的地方是罕见的。故文章开头描述的现象是:在城市里很难找到原生态的大自然。故选B项。 6.D　推理判断题。根据第四段中“Across the 320 submissions, a pattern of categories the researchers call a ‘nature language’ began to emerge. After the coding of all submissions, half a dozen categories were noted most often as important to visitors.”可知,通过对320篇在线提交的总结编码,研究人员发现了一种被称为“自然语言”的类别模式。在对所有提交的总结进行编码后,有6个类别最常被游客认为是重要的。由此可推知,研究人员将参与者提交的内容编码为不同的类别是为了在游客的总结中发现模式。故选D项。 7.C　推理判断题。根据第五段中给出的例子“…the experience of walking along the edge of water might be satisfying for a young professional on a weekend hike in the park. Back downtown during a workday, they can enjoy a more domestic form of this interaction by walking along a fountain on their lunch break.”可知,沿水边散步的体验对周末在公园徒步旅行的年轻职业人士来说可能是令人满足的。在工作日回到市中心,在午餐时间沿着喷泉散步也能享受到这种互动形式。由此可知,相同的自然体验可以采用不同的形式。故选C项。 8.B　细节理解题。根据最后一段中Kahn说的话“We’re trying to generate a language that helps bring the human-nature interactions back into our daily lives. And for that to happen, we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it…”可知,在和自然互动前,我们需要保护自然环境。故选B项。 Ⅱ文章大意： 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了树给人类及周围的生物和环境带来的益处。 1.B　根据上文“It could be said trees naturally call for attention as they climb towards the sky with their arms outstretched.”可知,空格处的内容应与“人们是否关注树的存在”有关,B项“但是,我们仍然很容易忽略它们。”符合语境,故选B。 2.C　根据前文“Rooted to a single spot, they appear still.”可知,空处应提到树虽然看起来不动,但它们并不是懒惰,C项“但这种静止与懒惰无关。”符合语境,且与空后“Trees are rarely lazy.”相呼应,故选C。 3.G　上文“For example, ring-tailed lemurs are considered one of the most endangered creatures on the planet. One of the reasons is that half of the forests they depend on were cut down.”可知,动物是非常依赖森林的,但由于森林的减少,它们的数量正在迅速减少,G项“实际上,树木是陆地上80%的动物、植物和昆虫的家园。”符合语境,故选G。 4.F　根据上文“Scientists point to trees as a way to protect these urban heat islands, saying that increasing Europe’s tree shade by 30% could prevent thousands of deaths.”及下文“In fact, doctors in Canada are so convinced of nature’s benefits for the mind and body that they start prescribing patients free passes to national parks.”可知,空处的内容应与“树有益于改善人们的身心健康”有关,F项“与树木在一起也可以改善我们的身心健康。”符合文意,故选F。 5.A　根据下文“In some communities, trees are an important food source. In others, they’re a symbol of environmental recovery. When planted near streams and rivers, they clean and filter the water. When planted in the right place, trees can help you bring down energy costs for your home.”可知,本段主要讲述了树木的价值,A项“哪里有需要,树木就能够补充。”符合文意,故选A。 ⅢOne possible version: Dear fellow students,  With Endangered Species Day approaching, I’m writing to appeal to all of you to protect wild animals and plants. As we all know, we human beings could not live without wildlife, because they play an important role in keeping the balance of nature. Protecting them is actually protecting ourselves. We can put some relevant posters around the school and hand out some leaflets in the neighbourhood. What’s more, we can also attend some lectures to have a better understanding of wildlife and their situation. We students can also do our part. Let’s take action right now! 训练2 Ⅰ文章大意： 本文是一篇记叙文。作者作为一名花商,利用被丢弃的鲜花制作成一些时尚物品,从而呼吁更多人关注被扔掉的东西。 1.C　结合前文“…it was unwanted and thrown away…”可知,鲜花被故意丢掉了。故选C。specially特别地; patiently耐心地; intentionally故意地; carefully仔细地。 2.B　结合前文“…believing many of the flowers still in good condition…”可知,许多花仍然很好,所以可以被重新利用。故选B。refund退还; reuse重新利用; return返回; recommend推荐。 3.C　根据上文“…believing many of the flowers still in good condition…”可知,此处指作者想充分利用这些花,这里用plants指代上文的flowers,故选C。stage阶段; display陈列,展览; plant植物; memory记忆。 4.A　结合上文“As a florist, I spent hours arranging the display for an event.”及“…I started taking home as many as possible, and giving them to hospitals, but there were still many…”可知,布置一次展出会用到很多花,所以此处指作者尽可能多地把扔掉的一些花带回家,并把它们送给医院,但仍有许多花被剩下。故选A。leave over留下; take over接管,掌管;look over检查;get over克服。 5.D　结合下文“A pink agapanthus (百子莲) became a necklace, while I used a banksia (山龙眼) as a giant headpiece.”可知,作者把这些花做成了其他东西,因此此处指作者有了一个想法。故选D。interview采访; accident意外; opportunity机会; idea想法。 6.D　结合下文“A pink agapanthus (百子莲) became a necklace, while I used a banksia (山龙眼) as a giant headpiece.”可知,项链和头饰都是时尚的物品。故选D。sales销售量; work工作; study学习; fashion时尚。 7.B　结合下文“…which looked like a famous hairstyle.”可知,莉莉头上戴着橘色的花。故选B。way方法; head头; list清单; back背部。 8.D　结合下文“Sharing the photos on the social media…”可知,作者的一位朋友拍了作者创造的物品的照片,并把照片发在了网上。故选D。create创造; approve赞同; identify确认; photograph拍照。 9.B　结合下文“Many were…at how wasteful the floral industry could be.”可知,在社交媒体上分享的照片引发了人们的讨论。故选B。perform表演; talk讨论; compete竞争; succeed成功。 10.C　根据下文“…how wasteful the floral industry could be.”可知,许多人对花卉业的浪费感到震惊。故选C。alarmed惊恐的;relieved放心的;shocked震惊的;embarrassed尴尬的。 11.A　结合下文“…I wove them together into a giant red suit, which Lily wore while walking through the city.”可知,此处指作者找到了把花做成其他物品的更多的可能性。故选A。possibility可能性; statistic统计数据;standard标准;example例子。 12.B　结合下文“…I wove them together into a giant red suit, which Lily wore while walking through the city.”可知,作者把花编织成一件巨大的红色套装,莉莉穿着它在城里散步,因此此处指我们可以穿上鲜花。故选B。purchase 购买;wear穿,戴;choose选择;generate产生。 13.A　结合前文内容可知,作者把扔掉的仍然好的花卉做成其他的时尚装饰品,所以此处指作者把无用的玫瑰做成了一个巨大的红色套装。故选A。unwanted无用的,不需要的;indoor室内的;beautiful漂亮的;fake假的。 14.C　结合上文“My artworks showed me that we really could…flowers.”及“…I wove them together into a giant red suit, which Lily wore while walking through the city.”可知,作者把花做成套装,让朋友穿在身上,因此此处指作者的做法正在改变人们对美的看法。故选C。comprise包含;classify把……分类;change改变;collect收集。 15.D　结合下文for the bin及“…I hope people can think more about what they throw out.”可知,此处指适合在垃圾桶的东西。故选D。convenient方便的; enough足够的;essential必要的;fit适合的。 Ⅱ文章大意： 本文是一篇说明文,介绍了中国政府成立大熊猫国家公园的计划、目的及意义。 1.Covering　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,该句的主语是the GPNP,谓语动词是 will be。the GPNP与动词cover为主动关系,故空格处应填入cover的现在分词形式。单词位于句子开头,首字母应大写。 2.the　考查冠词。此处为倍数表达法,即倍数+the+名词(size/weight/length…)+of B,表示“是B的大小/重量/长度……的多少倍”。 3.were　考查动词时态和主谓一致。根据其后的previously 可知,此处应用一般过去时,再结合先行词a significant number of areas可知,此处应用were。 4.to increase　考查动词不定式。此处为动词不定式表目的,即该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区,将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构,以提高效率,减少管理上的不一致。 5.is designed　考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知,主语the GPNP与design是被动关系,所以用被动语态;陈述一般事实,故用一般现在时,且the GPNP是单数。 6.and　考查连词。分析句子可知,此处用and 连接了四个并列的动名词。 7.populations　考查名词复数。根据其后的and homes可知,此处表并列,需用population的复数形式。 8.eventually　考查副词。此处副词作状语,承接上文,意为“最终”。 9.as　考查介词。serve as意为“充当,担任”。故应用as。 10.that　考查定语从句。此处that引导定语从句,先行词为the species,被all修饰,关系代词只能用that。 Ⅲ 详解 1.段落续写: ①由第一段首句内容“几个星期后,我又去了农场。”可知,第一段可描写作者回到农场后所看到的事物和所想到的事情。 ②由第二段首句内容“我正要离开,这时那只蜂鸟出现了。”可知,第二段可描写蜂鸟的表现以及作者的感想。 2.续写线索:再次去农场—想起救蜂鸟的时候—回到那个房子—想到那只蜂鸟—看见那只蜂鸟—蜂鸟的表现—作者的感想 One possible version: A few weeks later, I went to the farm again. As my car neared it (as引导时间状语从句) my thoughts drifted back to the moment when I rescued the hummingbird from the spider-webs(when引导定语从句). I rushed back to the deserted house. It was a great comfort that the original hole in the window was nowhere to be found(that引导主语从句). Leaving the house(现在分词短语作状语), I couldn’t help wondering how it was getting on now(how引导宾语从句). Had it managed to find its way back home, or was it still out there somewhere struggling to survive(现在分词短语作状语)? I was just about to leave when the hummingbird appeared. A flash of movement caught my attention. I turned around to see the same hummingbird hovering in the air(现在分词短语作宾补). It seemed that the bird was waiting for me(it作形式主语,that引导真正的主语从句), its beady eyes locked on mine as if trying to convey some deep, unspoken gratitude(省略结构). I felt a surge of relief and awe at the sight of this sound and grateful creature, and I knew that I would always cherish the memories we shared as I climbed into my car and drove away. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $